Ukushintsha Kwezindaba Zomphakathi Ngezobuchwepheshe

I-United States Congress sekuyisikhathi eside incike emacaleni njengetshe eliyinhloko lemisebenzi yayo yokuqondisa nemithetho. Ngokwesiko, lokhu kugadla kwaqalwa emakamelweni amakomiti asemthethweni eCapitol Hill, kunofakazi abafaka ubufakazi, abamisi-mthetho abahlezi ezihlalweni ze-daises, kanye nokuqapha obala ezihlalweni ze-galaji. Kodwa eminyakeni eminingana edlule, ubuchwepheshe buye bawuguqula lomkhuba wakudala. Ukusetshenziswa kwamapulatifomu aphezulu, ukugeleza, namathuluzi okusebenza ngemishini kwenza ukuba ukuzwa kutholakale kalula, kuphumelele, futhi kuphumelele, kodwa kungabi nakuveza izimpawu ezintsha. Ukuqonda indlela ubuchwepheshe obuhlanganiswa ngayo ezingeniselwa ezinhlangothini zamapulatifomu zanamuhla kudinga ukuhlolwa, amathuluzi athile asebenzayo, nezinzuzo ezikhona, futhi izinselele ezisekhona.

Ukushintsha Kwezindlebe Ezingokoqobo

Ngaphambi kobhadane lwe-COVOVAD-19, ukuzwana kwamacala e-countain kwakuyinto engavamile ezindabeni zomphakathi. Ufakazi wayengase ahambe esuka kwelinye izwe eyofaka ubufakazi; amalungu ekomiti ayehlangana ekamelweni elilodwa; futhi izikhangiso zasakazwa nge-C-SPAIN noma nge-oversement kumawebhsayithi kahulumeni, kodwa ukuthatha isinyathelo esingesibili ngempela kwakungavamile. Lokho kwashintsha ngokushesha ngoMarch 2020, lapho umqedazwelo ophoqelelwe ukuba umise imisebenzi evamile. Emasontweni athile, amakomiti aqala ukuzama ukuveza amapulatifomu evidiyo ukuze alalele kude. Indlu nemithetho emisha yabaphathi bendlu yamukela amalungu ukuba ahlanganyele cishe phakathi nezikhathi zomphakathi zephuthuma, isilinganiso sesikhashana esithonye inguquko ehlala njalo.

Ngokwesibonelo, iNdlu yeKomiti yoMnyango we-Oversting and Reformation yaba nokulalela kwayo kokuqala okuphelele ngoMay 2020, isebenzisa i-Flarst ukuhlola ukusabela kukahulumeni kulolubhadane. Ukuthutha kwakungakaze kubonwe futhi kwadweba kokubili ukudumisa nokuhlola. Abasekeli baveza ukuthi uhulumeni angazivumelanisa ngokushesha nokulondoloza imisebenzi yentando yeningi phakathi nenhlekelele. Abagxeki babekhathazekile ngokulondeka, isimilo, nokungahlanganyeli. Noma kunjalo, kwamiswa inqubo. Ngo-2021,1,8 lapho amalungu athile nofakazi bevela khona ngokoqobo kuyilapho amanye amalungu ehlangene ehlangene.

Izinqubo Zemvelo Ezihlala Njalo

Nakuba imithetho yesimo esiphuthumayo iphelile, amakomiti amaningi agcina ukukhetha okuxubile ngisho nangemva kokubuyela ezinhlanganweni. Ngokwesibonelo, i House of Messages, yahlanganisa ukungenela kwakude kwamalungu ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile eSishaya-Mkhandlwini se- 118. ISigeqe, esimelana kakhulu nezinguquko ezikude, futhi samukela amandla alinganiselwe obufakazi. Lokhu kuveza ukuqaphela okukhulu ukuthi ubuchwepheshe bungenza ukuzwa kuphelele. Abenzi bomthetho abagulayo, abahamba ngezinyawo, noma abaqondisa izibophophophozo zomkhaya bangaqhubeka befeza imisebenzi yabo. OFakazi abakhubazekile noma labo abasuka kude eWashington, D.C.

Izinzuzo Zezindlebe Ezingokoqobo Nezobuchwepheshe

Ukuhlanganiswa kwamapulatifomu kunikeza izinzuzo eziningi ezidlulela ngalé kosizo nje.

Ukufinyelela Okubanzi Nokuhlanganyela

Enye yezinzuzo ezikhonjiwe kakhulu ukutholakala. Ezizweni ezivamile, ofakazi balinganiselwe kulabo abakwazi ukukhokhela isikhathi nezindleko zokuya eCapitol. Iziteshi ezingokoqobo zisusa leyonkimbinkimbi. Ochwepheshe bezentengiselwano, abanikazi bebhizinisi abancane, izikhulu zikahulumeni wendawo, nabantu abanolwazi lwenqubo bangafakaza manje emakhaya abo noma ehhovisi labo. Lokhu kunweba izinga lokubona izinto ezikhona kubenzi bomthetho. Ngokwesibonelo, iKomiti ye-Catenate on Monetic iphethe izwa cishe izikhulu zezokunakekela impilo zasemaphandleni eziveza ofakazi bemizana eqhelele e-Alaskan.

Ukutholakala komphakathi nakho kuye kwathuthuka. Ukulandelana kwezindlebe kusesilinganisweni, futhi amakomiti amaningi manje agcina ingobo yomlando ngezihloko ezifingqiwe namagama abhaliwe. I-Hulumeni Office Yokunyathelisa inikeza amarekhodi aphehlwayo. Amathuluzi anjenge-C-SPAN yevidiyo avumela izakhamuzi ukuba ziqaphele ukuqulwa kwesikhathi esidlule. Lokhu kusiza izikhulu zomphakathi ezikhethiwe ukuba zilandise futhi ziqonde izimpikiswano zezimiso eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Izindleko Nesikhathi Esihle

Izindlebe ezingokoqobo zinciphisa kakhulu izindleko ezihlobene nokuhamba, ukuhlelwa kwezindawo, nokusekela. I-Hulumeni Accounting Office ilinganisela ukuthi izinhlangano zichitha izigidi minyaka yonke ekuhambeni ukuze zinikeze ubufakazi obungokomthetho. Ukuthatha izindleko ezikude kunciphisa lezo zindleko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlela kuyavumelana. Abenzi bomthetho bangaya emahhovisi abo esifunda noma ngisho nalapho behamba ngokusemthethweni kwamanye amazwe, benciphisa isidingo sokucima izikhawu ngenxa yezindaba ze-mosmoram. Lokhu kusebenza kahle kungasheshisa ikhalenda yemithetho.

Ukulondoloza Nokuhlaziya Okuthuthukisiwe

Amathuluzi emishini athuthukisa futhi indlela eqoshwa ngayo nokuhlaziywa. Izinkonzo zangempela zokubhala, njengalawo asebenzisa i-software yokuqaphela inkulumo, ziveza amarekhodi anembile cishe ngokushesha. Izisebenzi zekomiti zingakha izinhlelo ezisenephulwayo zobufakazi, zikwenze kube lula ukulandelela izitatimende, izibopho, nokulandela imibuzo. Amanye amakomiti manje asebenzisa ukuhlakanipha kokuzenzela ukufingqa ubufakazi noma ukuphikisana kwefulegi, nakuba izicelo ezinjalo zisalokhu zihlola. Lendawo ezungezile ecebile isekela ukuqondisa okuphumelela kakhulu.

Imishini Yobuchwepheshe Eyinhloko Elawula Izindlebe Zanamuhla

Isisekelo sezobuchwepheshe esisekela ukuqulwa kwezindlebe zomphakathi sihlanganisa ukuxubana kwamapulatifomu ezentengiselwano nezimiso zikahulumeni ezingokwesiko.

Izici Ezihambisana Ne - video

Uvolumu kaHulumeni seluye lwaba i-video esetshenziswa kakhulu ekhambini elikhona eKhongomeni. Indlu neSigeqe kuxoxwe ngezivumelwano zenkonzo kahulumeni eqondiswe phambili, ehlangana nezindinganiso zezokuvikela zikahulumeni. Amaqoqo eMicrosoft nawo asetshenziselwa, ikakhulukazi ukubambisana ngaphakathi. La mapulatifomu avumela ukwabelana, ukuqhekeka kwamagumbi, nesikhathi sangempela sengxoxo, okungasetshenziswa yizisebenzi zekomiti ukuhlanganisa imibuzo noma ukwabelana amabhukwana. Nokho, ipulatifomu ngalinye kumelwe liqondiswe ukuvimbela ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe, umsindo, nokungenela.

Ukukhulumisana Okulondekile Nokubhala Okuyimfihlo

Ngoba ukuzwa kuhilela ukwaziswa okusheshayo okunemininingwane esheshayo (ukufinyeza kwe-operatery international projects), izimfihlo zezohwebo, noma imininingwane yomuntu siqu . Iziteji ezisetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa izindaba, njenge House Intelligence Committee, zisebenza ezimisweni ezizimele. Ngisho nasezimisweni ezizimele, ukuvulwa kwe-opera kuya ekupheleni kuyindinganiso. I-House’s Information Security Office inikeza iziqondiso emalungwini nasezisebenzini ekugcineni imifelandawo, kusetshenziswa izinyuzi, futhi kugwenywe uWi-Fii phakathi nokuhlanganyela okudelela. Ngo-202020, kwakunezenzakalo “zempoomberings" ekulalelenist, ukuhlolwa kweminyango, ukucela i-password nezindawo zokulingwa kweminyango.

Ukuphila Okuwuchungechunge Nokutholakala Komphakathi

Cishe zonke izimemezelo zigcwele ngamawebhusayithi amakomiti noma phakathi [ku- Imikhondo ye-Wewetube. Indlu neSigeqe ngasinye sisebenzisa izinkonzo zazo: HouseLive.gov.gov.gov.. Lokhu kudla kuhlanganisa amagama avalweyo okuvala ukuzwa futhi agcinwe ngokungapheli. I-Library of Congress ilondoloza futhi i-Crediomment

Amathuluzi Engeziwe Ezinombolo

  • Izimiso ze-Digal Exhibitions:[ oFakazi nabenzi bomthetho bangahlanganyela amabhukwana, amashadi, namavidiyo ngesikhathi sangempela ngaphandle kokwenza okungokoqobo.
  • Ukugunyazwa okuzenzekelayo: Izisekelo ezinjenge-Verbit noma iSivumo sinikeza ama-rekhodi aseduze, abese ebukezwa izisebenzi zekomiti ukuze ziqonde.
  • Ukukhipha nokuhlanganisa i-Quorum Systems: Nakuba ingasetshenziselwa ukuzwa ngokuqondile, i-apps ehlangeneyo yenza amalungu avumele ukuthatha amavoti ombhalisi noma ukuqinisekisa ukuba khona.

Izinselele Nokucatshangelwa Kwezindlebe Eziyenziwa Ngezobuchwepheshe

Naphezu kwezinzuzo ezicacile, ukufakwa kobuchwepheshe ekulaleleni kwezinhlangano kuletha izinselele ezinkulu.

Ukufaneleka Kwezobuchwepheshe Nokulingana

Ukuzwa okungokoqobo kuphumelela njengendlela yokuxhumana ne-inthanethi nemishini esetshenziswayo. Abenzi bomthetho ezifundeni zasemaphandleni, noma labo abanemishini ephelelwe isikhathi, bangayeka izingcingo, ividiyo eqandisiwe, noma isikhala esilahliwe. Lokhu kungaphazamisa ukugeleza kobufakazi nokuchitha isikhathi sekomiti eyigugu. Ngo-2021, ukuzwa kweNdlu yezezisekelo zemvelo kwaphazamiseka lapho amalungu amaningi elahlekelwa ukuxhumana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akuwona wonke ofakazi abanakho ukufinyelela ngokulingana ekungeneleni kolweleni okuphezulu kwe-inthanethi ye-nethiwekhi noma izindawo ezithulile, ukuphakamisa imibuzo ephakeme kakhulu. I-costary Congress iye yafuna ukuxoxa ngalokhu ngokunikeza ofakazi nokuvumela ukuba basebenzise izikhungo zobuchwepheshe uma kudingeka.

Ukungavikeleki Nezingozi Zokuba Wedwa

Usongo lokuhlasela, ukuqapha, nokuphuka kokwaziswa luhlala lukhona. Abaphikisi bakwamanye amazwe bangazama ukuvimbela ukunikeza ividiyo ukudla noma ukuqoqa ukuhlakanipha ekulaleleni obala. ICybersecurity ne Infraptural Security Agency (CISA) isebenza ngezisebenzi ze-Concomponialial IT ukuze ziqaphele izinsongo. Ngo-202020, iNdluyalo yavala ukusetshenziswa kwezithombe ezithile zevidiyo ngemva kokungavikeleki ngemva kokuthola izimpawu. Ngoba ukuzwa okuhilela ukwaziswa okungalinganiyo, konke ukuhlanganyela okukude kuqhutshwa emigqedweni elondekile, okungabiza futhi okungahluphayo. Imfihlo futhi kuyinto ekhathazayo: izizinda, izinsimbi zomuntu siqu, amalungu omkhaya, futhi amalungu angabonakala ekwazi ukuphatha ngokunganaki, ukubiza iziqondiso noma ukushaya izimpawu.

Ukuncishiswa Kwemisebenzi Yakho

Abenzi bomthetho abaningi abangomakad ’ ebona babika ukuthi cishe abazwayo abanawo amasu aphakathi kanye namandla okuzwayo enqubo yomuntu siqu. Ukuthintana kwamehlo, ulimi lomzimba, nekhono lokufunda ikamelo kuyancipha ngesikrini. Lokhu kungathinta ukujula kombuzo kanye nobungako bobufakazi. Ezinye izihlalo zekomiti ziphikisa ngokuthi ofakazi abakude abanacala lokubuzwa kahle ngesikhathi sangempela, njengoba bengakwazi ukusho noma ukucisha ividiyo uma imibuzo iqala ukungathandeki. Isiko lenhlamba esiko esinesizo somcimbiso. Lokhu kungenza abanye bameme ukuba babuyele kubo bonke abantu abazwayo ngaphandle kokuba ukuthatha isinyathelo esikude.

Izingqinamba Ezingokomthetho Nezingokwenqubo

Imithetho ye-Congress kuye kwadingeka ukuba ilungiswe ukuze kuxoxwe ngengxenye ekude. Ngokwesibonelo, imibuzo mayelana nokuthi ivoti noma ubufakazi bunesulela izimfuneko ze-demoram zendlu noma zeSishaya-mthetho eziye zabekwa. I-Speech noma i-Punicode, evikela inkulumo yomthetho, i-Claus, ichazwa njengemisebenzi eyenzekayo, kodwa ikhathazekile zikhona ngokusetshenziswa kabi kwendlela engasetshenziswa ngayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-athopona ngenxa yobufakazi obukude angashintshwa ngezindaba ezise-asenkabeni uma ufakazi engaphandle kwe-United States. Manje amaKomiti avame ukuhlanganisa “i-activeravery" isingeniso esimemezelo sezazi zawo.

Ukusingatha Izinselele: Imikhuba Emihle Kakhulu Nentuthuko Eqhubekayo

Ukuze kuncishiswe izingozi, uMkhandlu uye wasungula inqubo engcono kakhulu eqhubeka iguquka.

Ukusekelwa Kwezobuchwepheshe Nezindinganiso Eziphangwayo

Indlu neSigele kunikeza amadesiki anikezelwe okusekela ukuzwa. Ngaphambi kwesimiso ngasinye, “isehlakalo sokuhlola” siqhutshwa nabo bonke abathatha ingxenye. Izilinganiso ze-Harmater zisunguliwe: i-webcam ezilinganayo, imibhoshongo yangaphandle, kanye nokuxhumana kocingo lwe-Internet kutuswa. Ihhovisi le-Akhawuntal [[[FLT]]] I-Governtament Accounting Office [[[FLT:]]] Ilungu le-APropolate" [impacy""'ss mentia iphethe ukufunza, izikhululi ze-tective, izikhulumiciocs eziphambili ze-octivess [[[FLT]], kanye nezimote Wearcesssss Prison'ssss. Amanye amakomiti asebenzisa “imoript projectivesssssssss.

Imithetho Yemithetho Ethuthukisiwe Yokuzigcina

Izindinganiso zokubhala ukukopisha zishintshwa ngokuqhubekayo. Ukuqinisekisa okuhlukahlukene kwabezengxenye kuphoqelelwe kubo bonke abathatha i-platifomu engokomthetho. Ukuzwa kusetshenziswa kwemishini enikezelwe emshinini osetshenziswayo okungakwazi ukufinyelelwa kuma-computer. Umnyango we House’s IT uqhuba ama-fikhawunti avamile okuhlola ukuphepha futhi unikeza ukuqeqeshwa emalungwini nasezisebenzini zobunjiniyela. Kuzo zonke izimemezelo zomphakathi kuhlelwa ukuvimbela ukuqoshwa kwamaqembu angagunyaziwe, futhi izikhuseli zomgunyaziso zisetshenziswa ngezinye izikhathi ekudleni kwevidiyo.

Ukulondoloza Ukubona Nezokucosha

Amakomiti anyathelisa iziqondiso ezicacile zokufakaza nokuziphatha kwamalungu phakathi nokuqulwa kwecala: ukungadli, izizinda ezifanele, izingubo zobuchwepheshe. Ukulondoloza ukukhanya, zonke izimemezelo ezikude ziqoshiwe futhi zigeleze phambi kwabantu, futhi iziphazamiso zincishisiwe. Ukusetshenziswa kwe- “pareleorter” kuqinisekisa ukuthi iziphetho zokuphendula umphakathi zihlala zihlelekile. Amanye amakomiti aye azama ukuvumela ukuba imibuzo ebhaliwe yasobala ithunyelwe ukuze ilandelwe, ukuthembisana kwesakhamuzi okwandayo.

Iziqondiso Zesikhathi Esizayo: I - a, Izimonyo Ze - Hybrid, Ne - Democraticism

Uma sibheka phambili, ubuchwepheshe buyoqhubeka busibonisa kabusha indlela uMkhandlu oqhuba ngayo ibhizinisi lawo.

Ubuhlakani Obusebenzayo Ekulungiseleleni Nokuhlaziya Izindlebe

Amathuluzi e-ayi angasiza izisebenzi zekomiti ukuba zilungiselele ukuzwa ngokufushanisa izizinda zofakazi, ukuhlukanisa izingxabano, nokusikisela imibuzo. Phakathi nokuzwa, ukubhalwa kwe-Al-driven nokusetshenziswa kolimi kungalawula izinkulumo ezidukisayo noma kulandele ukuthi ufakazi uphambuke kangaki ebufakazini obungaphambili. Nokho, ukukhathazeka okungokomthetho ngokukhetha umthetho kanye yimfihlo kumelwe kukhulunywe ngaphambi kokuba amathuluzi abekwe ngokwezinga elithile. Ukucwaninga kobuphiniyela nolimi kungakhipha ukucubukiswa kwe [[FLT:] Ikhono elithathelwanayo nomthetho wobucala [[FLT:]] Ikhono nokungalawuleki kwe-okhemisi kukhulu kukhulu, kukhulunyelwe phambi kokuba amathuluzi anjalo abekwe ngokwezinga lokusebenza nokulinganiselwa.

Izindlebe Ezinezivalo Ezihlala Njalo

Kubonakala sengathi ukuzwa okuxubile kuzoba isici esihlala njalo soMkhandlu. Imithetho yendlu yeSishaya-mthetho sekhulu lekhulu lekhulu lekhulu leminyaka ivumela amalungu ukuba athathe isinyathelo esikude ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, njengekhefu lezokwelapha noma uhambo olungokomthetho. Amakomiti aklama amakamelo okuzwa ngezindlela eziningi zekhamera kanye nemibukiso emikhulu yokuhlanganisa abahlanganyeli abakude ngokungenamdlali. Lendlela ingasebenza njengesilinganisi sezishaya-mthetho zezwe ngisho nezindikimba zezizwe zonke njengePhalamende laseYurophu.

Ukuhlanganyela Okwandayo Komphakathi Ngamathuluzi Emishini

Ngaphandle kokubukwa, izakhamuzi zingase zikwazi ukungenela ngokuqondile ngama-digitation. Amanye amakomiti asehloliwe kakade izici ezinjengo “amakhoneni ofakazi abavamile” lapho umphakathi ungafaka khona ubufakazi obubhaliwe noma izinkulumo ezimfushane zevidiyo. i-National Technology and Information Administration isebenzisa izinhlelo zezokushayela ezixhaswayo zokwandisa ukufunda nokuhlangana kwezimiso zomphakathi. Imithombo yezindaba yezenhlalo isetshenziselwa futhi ukuveza umbono womphakathi ngezihloko zokuzwa, nakuba imininingwane enjalo kumelwe iphathweswe njengeyo eyongezwayo kuneyo evimbela ukudlula ukuvimbela.

Okungenzeka Ohlangothini Olwansi: Ukuzisebenzela Ngokuzikhandla Nokuncishiswa Kokuhlakanipha

Kukhona ingozi yokuthi ukuncika ngokweqile kwezobuchwepheshe kunganciphisa ukuqondisa komuntu. Uma i-Al yenza imibuzo noma ifingqa ubufakazi, abakhi bomthetho bangamukela ukwaziswa ngokunganaki kunokuba baquishe abakhuthele. Ngokufanayo, uma ukuthethwa kwecala kuqhutshelwa kude, abezindaba nomphakathi bangase babe namathuba amancane okuxhumana nabantu ngokwethukela. .Izingxoxo zasephasishi ezivame ukuveza izindaba eziyigugu. Ukulinganisela ukuphumelela nenkulumo ephikisayo, engenakuqondakali yenkulumo yedemokrati kuseyinselele.

Isiphetho: Ukwamukela Ukubuyiselwa Lapho Uvikela Intando Yeningi

Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe namapulatifomu akhona ezindaweni zomphakathi zanamuhla kumelela ukuziphendukela kwemvelo okuphawulekayo enqubweni yomthetho. Kusukela ekujikelezweni kwesimo esiphuthumayo phakathi ne-COVID-19 kuya ekusebenziseni inqubo yamanje exubile, uKhongolo-mkhandlu lubonise ikhono lokuzivumelanisa nemisebenzi yalo eyisisekelo. Izinzuzo . Ukungalawuleki, ukugcinwa kwemali, ukuphumelela, ukuhlelwa kwekhono, nokubonakala kahle. Kodwa izinselele zokuhlala kwe-i-inthaneti, ukulingana nokungahlangani kwabantu. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka, isihluthulelo siyoba namandla okulawula ngaphandle kokudela ukulandisa nokulawula idemokhrasi. Ukutshala imali esemthethweni elondekile, ukwenza umthetho onengqondo, nokubophana izivumelwano zomphakathi ziyoqinisekisa ukuthi imishini yokulalela i-interternetic processssssssssss ezibusayo ebusayo.