Umphakathi wobuphekula uye wavela ngokuphawulekayo kulelikhulu leminyaka elidlule, ubonakalisa ukushintsha okukhulu kwezobuchwepheshe, imibono, kanye ne-geopolitics. Okwaqala njengokubulawa ngokuhlongozwa amangqamuzana amancane avukelayo kuye kwakhula kwaba isenzakalo esiyinkimbinkimbi sembulunga yonke esihlanganisa ukuhlasela kwe-ibhulthi, ukuhlasela okukodwa okubangelwa yizikhali, nemikhankaso yezenhlalakahle yezezenhlalakahle yezenhlalakahle. Ngokuphendula, ohulumeni, izinhlangano zobuhlakani, kanye namabutho okuzivikela kuye kwashintsha imigangatho yabo eqinile, kwakha i-acrock - of af-war. Ukuqonda lomncintiana wezikhali onamandla kubalulekile kubafundisi, abafundi, nochwepheshe abafunda umlando wanamuhla, izifundo zobuvivini, kanye nobuhlobo bomhlaba wonke. Lesi sihloko sibonisa indlela ukuziphendukela kwezindlela zobuphekulala ngomlando nokuhlola izimpawu zokuphikisana, ukuveza ukuhlanganisa isilinganiso esibanzi sezwe esikhona njalo.

Ubuphekula Bokuqala Bobu - Askhastism Nobuzwe: Inkathi Ye - Assassin

Inkathi yanamuhla yobuphekula ivame ukulandelelwa ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 nasekuqaleni kwelama-20, lapho amaqembu avukela umbuso nawamazwe esebenzisa amasu aklanyelwe ukubangela ukushaqeka okukhulu kwezombangazwe. Ukubulawa kwamakhanda ezwe − njengokubulawa kuka-1901 kukaMongameli William McKinley ngo-Reon Czolgosz, noma ukubulawa kweNkosana u-Franz Ferdinand ngo-Sebian uGavripper, kwaye wahlose ukunqanyuliswa kohulumeni nokuvukela okukhulu. Lezizenzo zaziyizenzo zaziphansi kakhulu, zihilela izibhamu ezenziwe ekhaya, noma iziqhumane zezikhali, futhi zagcizelela izisulu ezingokomfanekiso.

Izindlela zokulwa phakathi nalenkathi zaziyizezentengiselwano. Amaphoyisa ayethembele kubathengisi, ukuqapha kwabezehlakalo abaziwayo, nokungena emfihlekweni. Inkathi yokuvukela umbuso yabangela ukubambisana kokuqala kwamaphoyisa ezizwe zonke, njengoMkhandlu wamaRoma wokunqoba ubudlova bezihlubuki, okwaholela ekubeni abaqaphi abahlukene nabaxhasi abanobupheli. Nokho, isilinganiso nakufinyelela lamaqembu okuqala kwahlala kulinganiselwe uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlangano zamuva.

Amasu Ayinhloko Enkathi Ye - Akhaskharst

  • Iziphakamiso zenkosi , umongameli, nondunankulu
  • Bombungs ezindaweni zomphakathi eziminyene (isib., i-1886 Haymarket conect eChicago)
  • Propaganda ngesiqinisekiso -- izenzo zobudlova ezihloselwe ukubangela ukuvukela
  • Ukudubula okugadleneyo [ kwamaphoyisa namanani ezombangazwe

Izinyathelo Zokuqala Zokulwa

  • Ukuhlelwa kwezinhlangano ezikhethekile zokuhlakanipha emaphoyiseni
  • Izivumelwano zomhlaba wonke zokuvinjelwa okwengeziwe kwabavukeli
  • Ukusungulwa kokulondeka kwezikhulu zezombangazwe ezisezingeni eliphezulu
  • Ukusungulwa kwezincwadi namaphephandaba okuvukela

Naphezu kwalemizamo, lenkathi yabonisa ukuthi ngisho namangqamuzana amancane angaphazamisa ukubusa.Inselele eyisisekelo yokukhipha imingcele yokulondeka ngenkululeko yomphakathi, ingaqhubeka kuze kube yikhulu lama - 21.

Ukuncipha Kwangemva Kwempi Nokuphakama Kwezinhlayiya Zezigilamkhuba Zokubhaka

Ngemva kweMpi Yezwe II, ubuphekula bahlanganiswa nezinhlangano ezimelene nezindawo zobukoloni nenkululeko yesizwe. Amaqembu anjenge-Irgun ePalestina, iNational Liberation Front (FLN) e-Algeria, neMau Mau eKenya basebenzisa ukubhomba, ukuqasha, ukuthumba, nokuthumba ukuphoqelela ukucindezela amakoloni angaphansi komhlaba. Lenkathi futhi yabona ukuvela kokuthumba njengecebo elivelele. I-Popularment for the Inversion of the Palestina (PFLP) yaqala ukuthumba izindiza ekupheleni kwawo 1960, ifuna ukuba kukhululwe ama-andlontine ezwelo futhi kudluliswe ukunaka kwezelelwa kwezindaba zembulunga yonke.

I-Hijackings yayiwumdlalo oshintshwayo: zaziwumbukwane, kunzima ukuzivikela, futhi ziqinisekisiwe emhlabeni wonke. Ukuthumba i-Field kuka-1970 kuka-Dawson, lapho izindiza ezintathu zaphambukiswa khona esikhumulweni sezindiza sasogwadule eJordan, zabonisa indlela iqembu elincane elalingagcina ngayo wonke amazwe eboshwe izimfuno zalo. Ekuphenduleni, izindiza nohulumeni basungula ukuhlolwa, ukuqiniswa kweminyango yegumbi labaphathi, nemithetho yokuvikela yomhlaba wonke. I-Hague ye-Convention yeNxamplation of Urdureal Seiz of Aircraft yayiyinye i-ece ezindaweni zokuqala zokulwanisa i-opera, i-okilligating ezindaweni ezithene noma zokuthumba abathumba abaphanga.

Izinhlangano zezenhlaka zamazwe aseNtshonalanga zaqala ukuhlanganisa ukuhlobanisa nokuhlela. Ukubulala kwe-Olympic ngo- 1972 (i-Munich) lapho amabutho ase-Palestina abulala khona abadlali abangu-11 bakwa-Israel (izwe lonke) futhi akhuthaza ukwakhiwa kwezinhlangano zobuphekula eziphambili, njengeGSG 9 ne-U.S. Delta Force. Ukusabela okukhethekile kwaba yisisekelo semfundiso yanamuhla ephikisanayo.

Izindlela Ezivamile Zenkathi Yokudalulwa

  • Imigomo yokuthumba [ yesihlengo noma izimfuno zezombangazwe
  • Ukuthatha isiteji [ emabhukwini, ezikoleni, noma ezindaweni zomphakathi
  • Guerrilla-style ` uhlasela amabutho ezokuvikela emasimini amakoloni
  • amabhomu e-ISTAR athunyelwa ezikhulwini zikahulumeni naseziteshini zamaphoyisa

Izindlela Zokulwa Nezifo Ezisafufusayo

  • Izinga lokuphepha kwezindiza emhlabeni wonke (ukuhlola imishini yokuhlola izindiza, ukuhlola insimbi)
  • Ukuhlelwa kosizo lwabathunjwa abanikezelwe kanye nezinhlangano zemisebenzi ekhethekile
  • Ukuhlakanipha okukhuliswe kwahlanganyela ngemiklamo eminingi (isib., iqembu leTREVI eYurophu)
  • Imihlangano engokomthetho ephamba ukuthumba nokuthumba

Ukuphendukela Ekuqothulweni Kwenkolo Nokuzibulala Kwamabhomu

Ngasekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20 kwaba nokushintsha okukhulu kwemibono njengenkolo − ukuchazwa kwezindlela eziguquguqukayo zobuSulumane − kwaba yithonya elishukumisayo lobuphekula. Amaqembu anjenge-Hezbollah, al-Qaeda, futhi kamuva i-Islim State (ISIS) yasebenzisa amasu afiphaza imigqa phakathi kwezisulu zempi nezobuzwe. Ukuhlasela kobuphekula kwaba yinqubo yokusayinwa kwezincwadi, okokuqala kwasetshenziswa kakhulu amaTamil Tiger eSri Lanka (ababengenamsebenzi), kodwa kamuva athathwa amaqembu aseMpumalanga Ephakathi. I-Beiruevay amabhomu aqhumisa amabhomu abulala abantu abangu 241.S. .[8] Ama-Marinevanes . aphawula ukuhlasela kokuqala ukuzibulala esisulwini selungu nezimpawu zophawu lokuqala lokubulala abantu abaningi ngaphandle kokucabangela.

I-Al-Qaeda ka-1998 i-athomu lamanxusa eKenya nase Tanzania, ukuhlasela kwe-USS Cole ngo- 2000, nokuhlasela okuyinhlekelele ngo-September 11, 2001 kwabonisa ukuziphendukela kwemvelo okucacile kokuhlelwa kwezindawo eziphezulu, ukuhlasela kwenani elikhulu labantu. Lokhu kuhlasela kwasebenzisa kabi izindiza zezentengiselwano, izisebenzi ezizibulalayo, kanye nokugadla ngezikhathi eziphindiwe okudinga ukuhlelwa kwezakhiwo kanye nokuhwebelana okukhulu.

Amasampula angemva kuka-9/11 aguqulwa. I-U.S. yasungula i-Department of Homeland Security, yadlula i-USA PATRIOT Act, futhi yasungula iMpi yembulunga yonke e-Terrobic. Izinhlangano zesayensi yandisa ngokuphawulekayo imishini yokuhlola, kuhlanganise neqoqo elikhulu lemininingwane, ukuhlaziywa kwemininingwane yezokuxhumana, nokulandelela izimali. Ukusetshenziswa kwezibhebhebhebhe zokubulala abaholi bamaphekula kwaba yizi kwabathakathakathakathane kodwa abayinhloko ye-ugandanga. Inhlangano yeZizwe Ezihlangene zezokuvikela izikhali zamukela iSigqi iSigqi, ifuna wonke amazwe ukuba abulale izimali zobuphekula izinhlangano kanye nempahla ezikhohliweyo ezisolwa amaqembu.

Amacebo Ayinhloko Okuqothula Okungokwenkolo

  • Ukuqhunyiswa kwamabhomu eSuicide [ ezisulwini zezempi nezezakhamuzi
  • Iqoqo elixhunyiwe ukuhlasela [ (umk., 9/11, 2005 ukuqhunyiswa kwamabhomu eLondon)
  • Ama-astack ezisulwini ezithambile[ (amabhande, ama - nightclub, amasonto, izimakethe)
  • [[Umthetho:0] Ukusetshenziswa kwezindiza ezihwebelanayo njengezikhali[[[Umthetho 1]]
  • [[UMTL:0] Imishini eqhumayo (IED) ibekwe emigwaqweni nakumaloli

Izindlela Zokulwa Nempi Ezweni Langemva Kuka-9/11

  • Izindiza ezilondekile (izindiza zikahulumeni, iminyango yendiza eqinile)
  • Ukwanda okukhulu kwezinkampani ezihlakaniphile (ENSA, CIA, MI5, DGSE)
  • Usetshenziswa kokuhlakanipha [[QULT:0] okubonisayo [ kanye data yemigodi [ ukuzwa amabala
  • Izibhelu ezigadlayo e - Afghanistan, ePakistan, eYemen naseSomalia
  • Imibuso yomhlaba wonke iyakujezisa nokulandelela izimali (Ukutusa kweFATF)

Isakhiwo somhlaba wonke sokulwa nobuphekula esakhiwa ngemva kuka-9/11 saphumelela ekuholeni kwe-al-Qaeda okucekelwe phansi, kodwa futhi kwadala izinselele ezintsha. Ukuvela kwe-ISIS, okwavela esiphithiphithini seMpi ye-Iraq, kwabonisa ukuthi ukungenela kwezempi nokusebenza kungabangela imijikelezo emisha yezentengiselwano. Ukusebenzisa kwe-ISSIS ngobuciko i-social yezencul kwafanekisela futhi isigaba esilandelayo sentuthuko yamaphekula.

I - Jihad Esetshenziswa Ngezinombolo: Ukuhlasela Kwe - Cyber, Ukubhala Nge - Internet, Nokusetshenziswa Kwayo

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Internet ne-tegnomes kuye kwashintsha kakhulu indlela amaqembu amaphekula ahlela ngayo, ajoyina, futhi ahlasela ngayo. Kusukela ngo-2005, u-al-Qeda waqala ukusebenzisa i-internet i-fourmes kanye nama-techt amuva ezenhlalo. Kodwa yi-ISSIS eyaguqula inkulumo - ze yamanani yaba ithuluzi lembulunga yonke. Akhiqiza amavidiyo aphakeme alinganayo, anyatheliswa nge-inthanethiwebhuthi njenga Dabiq[, futhi asebenzisa izinombolo eziyimfihlo (TELGAMEGAME, WhasApp) ukuhlanganisa imisebenzi nokuxhumana nabalandeli emhlabeni wonke. Ikhono lokufaka “izimpisi eyodwa” kuwenziwe ngomshini ongokoqobo owenziwe ngomshinini olusha oluqinile.

I-Cyber Corrorisism imelela ukubonakaliswa okungaphezulu kobuchwepheshe kwalokhu kuthambekela. Nakuba ukuhlasela okugcwele kwe-inthanethi okubangela ukubhujiswa komzimba kuye kwaba yivela kancane, amaqembu aye ahlasela izakhiwo ezibucayi, izimiso zezimali, kanye nezinhlelo zikahulumeni. Ngo-2013, i-Syria Electronic Army .I-Electronic Army .I-Ascined Pres Twitter i-akhawunti yokuthumela izindaba ezingamanga zokuhlasela kwe-White House, ibhithiza letshekile. I-arefereal nokuphika i-service kuthathelwe i-fafayithi ye-activessssssssssss ezayokupy'ivice. [[FLT:]

  • I-propatistication ngemithombo yezindaba, i-fourms, nezindlela ezifihliwe
  • Ukuzwana okubhaliwe [ okusetshenziselwa ukuhlela ukuhlasela okungafinyeleleki kumthetho ogunyaziwe
  • Imithombo yezokuxhumana ehlelwe kahle [ ukuze ithole inkulumo - ze, ithole, futhi ifake imali (umz., iminikelo ye-Bitcoin)
  • Ukuhlasela kweCyber ezisekelweni ezibucayi (izintambo zamandla, izimiso zamanzi, ukulawula umoya)
  • UDoxx nokuhlukumeza kwezisebenzi zokuphepha nezintatheli

Izindlela Zokuvimbela Izibalo

  • Ukwakhiwa kwemithetho ye- phakathi kwezinhlangano zezempi nezezobuhlakani (U.S. CYBERCOM, ama-UK’S internet com)
  • Ukutholakala nokususwa kwezinto eziqukethwe amaphekula ngokufunda ngomshini nange - AI (isib., i - Internet Yembulunga Yonke Yendawo Yokulwa Nobuphekula)
  • Ubudlelwane nezinkampani zobuchwepheshe zokufulela nokuqeda ama - akhawunti ayingozi
  • Iziphakamiso zokuqamba amanga (ezingokomthetho futhi ezaphikiswa kakhulu abameleli benkululeko yomphakathi)
  • Ukusetshenziswa kwe [[QUL:0]open-source quality (OSINT) ukuqaphela obala okuqukethwe yikho okungalawuleki okutholakala obala

Lomdlalo wekati-gundane ubonisa ukuthi awukho uphawu lokunqikaza. Amaqembu amaphekula aye abonakala enekhono lokufuduka aye kumapulatifomu amasha [1] kusukela ku Facebook ukuya ku-Telegram ukuya ku-Dalord futhi ngisho nezisebenzisi zokugembula indawo() uma ipulatifomu eyodwa iqhekeka. Umthamo omkhulu wezinto eziqukethwe ku-inthanethi wenza ukugada kwabantu kube yize kungasebenzi, kusunduza izinhlangano zokuvikela ekuzisebenziseni, okungabangela ukuba kuphakame izinkathazo zomuntu siqu nezingozi zephutha lemithetho.

Usongo Lwezimpisi Nezifo Ze - tech - tech Vehicle

Ngonyaka ka-2010 nangalé, ukuthambekela okuphawulekayo kuye kwaba ukukhula kwe “mpisi eyodwa” ehlaselwe abantu kuyi-Intanea kodwa bengenzi lutho ngaphandle kwanoma yimuphi umyalo oyinhloko. Laba bahlaseli basebenzisa izikhali ezilula, ezihamba kancane, eziwubuthi, noma izimbazo cishe okunzima ukuzibona noma ukuzivimbela. Ukuhlasela kwe-2016 Bastille Day eNicaea, eFrance, lapho iloli lilima khona isixuku esibulala abantu abangu - 86, kwakuyisibonelo esibucayi. Ukuhlasela okufanayo kwe-vicillar kwavela eBerlin (206), eLondon (2017), kanye neNew York City (2017).

Ukuhlasela kwe-Lone-wolf kuveza izinselele eziyingqayizivele zokulwisana nobuphekula. Kudinga ukuhlelwa okuncane, ukusebenzisa izinto zansuku zonke, futhi kushiyela imikhondo emincane yezinhlangano zokuhlakanipha ukuba ziyibone. Abahlaseli ngokuvamile baziwa kakade emthethoni ngenxa yobugebengu obuncane noma izinkinga zempilo yengqondo, kodwa abafanelani nesiqalo esivamile sokusebenza kwamaphekula. Amasampula athathelwe phambili ezindleleni zobuphekula: akhuthaza ukubika ukuziphatha okusolwa usulungo, okuhilela izinkonzo zomphakathi, nokusebenzisa izinhlelo zokulungisa isimilo. ukwakha izakhiwo ezisezingeni lendawo manje kuqashelwe njengongqimba olugxekayo lwezokuvikela.

Amacebo Ezimpisi Avamile

  • Ukuhlasela okukhubazayo [ ezindaweni eziminyene ezihamba ngezinyawo
  • ukuhlasela kwe Knife ezithuthweni zomphakathi noma ezifundeni zezitolo
  • Arson kanye nemishini ekhipha iziqhumane eyakhiwe kumakhemikhali asendlini
  • Ukudubula [ nezibhamu ezifuywe ngokomthetho (umzk., 2019 ukudubula kwesonto lesonto lesonto lesonto lamasonto akanye)

Izindlela Zokumelana Nomphakathi Ezisekelwe Kuwo

  • `Bheka okuthile, sho okuthile” imikhankaso yomphakathi yokuqaphelisa
  • Izikhungo zokuhlola eziwusongo ezihlanganisa amaphoyisa, izinkonzo zezenhlalo, nochwepheshe bezempilo yengqondo
  • Izinhlelo zokuqeda i-Drease kanye nokulahla (isinye isib. uhlelo lwe-Alder Hey e-UK, uhlelo lweHayat eSaudi Arabia)
  • Ukusetshenziswa kokulinganisa kosongo [[QUL:0] (BTA) ukubona izimpawu ezikhulayo zobudlova
  • Ukungenela kokuklama kwasedolobheni (izimbobo, izithiyo, izivalo zokulondeka) ukuze kuqiniswe izindawo zomphakathi

I-atholf paradigm iyodwa iphoqelele ukucabanga ngokumelene nezenhlano: kusukela ekusebenziseni ngokuyinhloko ukuhlakanipha nezempi kuya ekusebenziseni inqubo ehlanganisa impilo yomphakathi, imfundo, nokuhlelwa kwamadolobha. Kodwa ukubhebhetheka kwalolu songo kuqinisekisa ukuthi alikho isu elilodwa elinganikeza ukulondeka okuphelele.

Izinselele Zesikhathi Esizayo: Ukuhlakanipha Okuklanywe Ngemishini, Ukuhlobisa Izakhi Zomzimba Ne - CBRN

Uma ubheka phambili, izindawo ezimbili cishe zichaza isigaba esilandelayo sokuhlasela kwamaphekula: amakhemikhali, izinto eziphilayo, i-radiology, ne-CBRN, kanye nokusetshenziswa kabi kokuhlakanipha (I). Nakuba ubuphekula beCBRN buye bazama (ngokuphawulekayo) ukuhlasela kwegesi ngo-Aum Shinrikyo). Nokho, intuthuko ekudalweni kwesayensi yezinto eziphilayo, ulwazi oluvulekile lwemisuka yamakhemikhali, nezimiso zokuthutha i-drone zinganciphisa lezo zithiyo. Ukuhlasela kwegesi ye-CRIS[FRPR] , ngokwesibonelo, kungenza ukuba indalo yezinsikancane. Ukusetshenziswa kwemikhondo encipheneyo i-geoctives. Ukuhlasela kwemisebe yezemvelo, ukuthuthukisa i-injini ye-octive.

I-AI inikeza kokubili usongo nesilinganiso esimelene. Amaqembu amaphekula angasebenzisa ama generative AI ukuze adale ama-ingings abangela ukudilika kwe-diffion, ukujoyina i-bot yengxoxo, noma ukuthuthukisa ukukhethwa kokuhlasela. Ama-drones azimeleyo agcwele iziqhumane ayisimo esingokoqobo eminyakeni eyishumi ezayo. Ezinhlangothini zokuvikela, izimiso zokuhlola ezinamandla e-AIII ukuze zicubungule ukwaziswa okukhulu okuvelayo okusongelayo, ukuqashelwa kwendlela yokuziphatha, ukuhlaziya, nokuchaza indlela yokuziphatha, nemithetho echazayo. Kodwa impakakhulu ngokuhlola, ubandlululo, ubandlululo, ubandlululo, nokukhohlisa kuhlala kungenakuphendulwa.

Abadobi Abasongelayo

  • Inkulumo - ze edluliswayo kanye namavidiyo ajulile ashukumisayo
  • Izimiso zezikhali ezizimele (amadobo, amalobhothi asemhlabeni) asetshenziswa abadlali abangewona amazwe
  • Isifo sesayensi yezinto eziphilayo [ usebenzisa amagciwane ashintshwe izakhi zofuzo
  • Ukuhlasela okungokomzimba [ kuhlasela izimiso zokulawula ezezimboni (umz., izitshalo zokwelapha ngamanzi, ama-grid kagesi)
  • Quantam comting ingehlula ukuvulwa kombhalo ofingqiwe kwamanje, idalula ukuxhumana kobuphekula

Izindlela Zokulwa Ezihlotshiswe Esikhathini Esizayo

  • Ukukhula kwe AI-driven usongo lokutholwa [ ekuhlaziyweni kwangempela kwesikhathi solwembu lwe-inthanethi kanye nemininingwane yezinzwa
  • Izivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe ezivimbela izikhali ezizimele ezindaweni ezivamile
  • Kwaqinisa ukulondoloza imvelo kanye nokuhlolwa kocwaningo okusetshenziswa kabili (isimo, iSivumelwano Sezikhali Eziphilayo)
  • Ukufakwa komngeno kwe-post-quantom cyptography ukuvikela ukwaziswa okuzwelayo
  • Ubudlelwano bomphakathi bomuntu siqu ngezindinganiso zokuphepha ze-Al kanye nokusetshenziswa kabi okubomvu

Inhlangano yokuhlakanipha isihlola lemingcele kakade. Ukuze iqonde ngokujule kakhulu e-Al kanye nokulondeka, i- iNhlangano iye yanyathelisa ukucwaninga okunzulu ngezingozi ze-II ekulondekeni kwesizwe. Ngokufanayo, i-Brookings Institution inikeza ukuhlolwa kwenqubo ephikisana nenqubo yobuphekula kanye nezinsongo ezivelayo , kuhlanganise nezinselele zokuhlasela kwe-olf kanye kanye ne-inthaneti. I-data-driven ibheka imiklamo yembulunga yonke, [[FLT:] umkhumbi we-D [FLTD] [FLD] [FLD]] umboniso we-D [FLD] ugcinwe yi-empeywomfay.

Isiphetho

Ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kwamacebo amaphekula akuyona inqubo elandelanayo kodwa ukujwayela okuqhubekayo kokushintsha izimo zezombangazwe, amathuba obuchwepheshe, kanye nezilinganiso zokulwa. Kusukela ekubulaweni kwemibuso yekhulu le-19 kuya ekuhlohlaneni okungafihliwe kwekhulu lama-21, inkathi ngayinye iye yabona amaqembu eqala kabusha ukuze anqobe isivikelo. Umjikelezo awubonisi izimpawu zokuphela. Njengo-Al, i-biotech, ne-quantamuting, isizukulwane esilandelayo sazoso kokubili izinsolo nezindinganiso zokuphikisana nayo cishe siyoba yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ingakwazi ukuvikelwa, futhi ukuzivikela akupheli.

Kubafundisi nabafundi, isihluthulelo siwukuthi ukulwisana nobuphekula akuyona indikimba yolwazi eqinile kodwa inkundla enamandla edinga ukufunda njalo, ukubambisana kwezizwe zonke, nokuqapha kwezimiso. Inselele ayikhona nje kuphela ekuhambisaneni namasu axazululiwe kodwa ekwenzeni kanjalo ngaphandle kokwephula inkululeko nezindinganiso izinhlangano ezifuna ukuvikela. Ukuqonda lomlando akuwona nje umkhakha wemfundo kuphela − kuyilungiselelo elibalulekile lokulungiselela izinselele zokulondeka zesikhathi esizayo.