Table of Contents
Ukuqonda abameleli bendawo yakho kubalulekile ekuhlanganyeleni komphakathi futhi kwakhe imiphakathi eqinile. Lezi zikhulu ezikhethiwe zenza izinqumo ezigxekayo ezithinta ukuphila kwakho kwansuku zonke ngokuqondile kususela ezingeni lesikole sendawo kanye nasezingeni zemigwaqo yakho ukuya ezinkonzweni zomphakathi zomphakathi nasekuthuthukiseni umphakathi. Ukufunda ngezindima zazo, imithwalo yemfanelo, nendlela ezisebenza ngayo kukunika amandla okuhlanganyela ngokuphumelelayo ekubuseni futhi kuqinisekise ukuthi izwi lakho linendaba ezibaluleke kakhulu kuwe nakomakhelwane bakho.
Uhulumeni wendawo uthinta cishe zonke izici zokuphila komphakathi, kodwa ngaphansi kwengxenye yamaMelika azi ukuthi iziphi izishaya-mthetho zendawo. Lokhu kungavumelani phakathi kwezakhamuzi nabameleli bazo kwakha amathuba aphuthelwayo okuthembisana komphakathi okunenjongo. Ngokuthatha isikhathi uqonda ukuthi uhulumeni wendawo usebenza kanjani futhi ukumelela yini, uba ohlonyiselwe kangcono ukusekela ushintsho oluhle, ugcine izikhulu zinolandiso, futhi zihlanganyele enqubweni yentando yeningi esezingeni eliyisisekelo kakhulu.
Bayini Abameleli Bendawo?
Abameleli bendawo yizikhulu ezikhethiwe ezikhonza ezibuthweni zikahulumeni ezihlukahlukene emphakathini wenu. Idolobha, idolobha, kanye nezikhulu zesifundazwe zingamalungu omkhandlu wesifunda kanye namakhomishane esifundazwe akha indikimba yemithetho enikezwa igunya ngomthetho-mthetho kahulumeni nomthetho kahulumeni ukuze enze imithetho yendawo. Lezizikhulu zisebenza eduze nabantu ezibakhonzayo, zizenze zifinyeleleke kakhulu kunabameleli bombuso noma bahulumeni.
Cishe abantu abayizigidi eziyi - 15 baqashwa ohulumeni bendawo eUnited States, namalungu omkhandlu wedolobha, abaphathi besifunda namalungu asekelayo anomthwalo wokulondoloza izinkonzo ezidingekile nokuqondisa imisebenzi yomphakathi. Ukwakheka neziqu zalezi zikhundla kungase kuhlukahluke kuye ngokuthi uhlalaphi, kodwa umsebenzi wabo oyinhloko uyaqhubeka: umelela izithakazelo zabameleli babo futhi wenze izinqumo ezithinta ukuphila komphakathi.
Abameleli bendawo bangahlanganisa amalungu emikhandlu yedolobha, izibhodi zesifunda zabaqondisi, imikhandlu yedolobha, iziphathi zesikole, nezinye izikhundla ezihlukene ezikhethiwe. Kunezikhulu ezihlukahlukene esingathintana nazo, kuhlanganise nebhodi lomphakathi, umkhandlu wedolobha, umkhandlu wesifundazwe, isekenate, umbusi wendlu, umphathi-meya, nesifundazwe.
Ukuqonda Izinhlobo Ezihlukahlukene Zezakhiwo Zohulumeni Wendawo
Ohulumeni bendawo basebenza ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukahlukene zokwakha, futhi ukuqonda lokhu kungafani kusiza ekucaciseni indlela abameleli bakho abasebenza ngayo kanye namagunya abanawo. Uhlobo lwesimiso sikahulumeni emphakathini wakini lunquma indlela imibuso yemithetho neziphathimandla ehlukaniswa futhi isetshenziswe ngayo.
Izinhlobo Zikahulumeni KaMasipala
Ohulumeni banezakhiwo eziyisihlanu eziyinhloko: i-Mayor-Council (evame kakhulu), i-Mayor-Council, iKhomishane, uMhlangano weTown, noMhlangano woMmeli weTown. Isakhiwo ngasinye sidala ubuhlobo obuhlukile phakathi kwezikhulu ezikhethiwe nemithwalo yazo yemfanelo.
Kuhlelo loMkhandlu-mphathi, wonke amagunya omthetho nezimiso anikezwa umkhandlu wedolobha, futhi umkhandlu uqasha umphathi wedolobha onguchwepheshe, ophethe igatsha likahulumeni, ukuze afeze izinqubo ezisungulwa umkhandlu. Lesi sakhiwo sihlukanisa imithetho yokwenza kusukela kubaphathi bezwe bezinsuku zonke, sivumela izikhulu ezikhethiwe ukuba zigxile ezinkonzweni zemithetho kuyilapho abaphathi abangochwepheshe besingatha izindaba ezisebenzayo.
Isakhiwo seMayor-Council sisebenza ngokwehlukile. Lendlela isebenza ngesikhulu esiphethe iMayor njengomkhandlu njengendikimba yemithetho, umameli emisa umlawuli wedolobha ozoqondisa iminyango yedolobha futhi abike ngokuqondile kuMayor. Lokhu kwenza umehluko ocacile phakathi kwemisebenzi yesikhulu nemithetho, ofana nesibonelo sikahulumeni.
Izimiso Zikahulumeni Wesifunda
Ohulumeni bezigodi bachazwa njengohulumeni abavamile abanezinjongo abasiza ezindaweni eziningi ezivamile ezivame ukuhlanganisa omasipala nezigodi ezikhethekile, futhi emazweni ambalwa, izifunda zaziwa ngamagama ahlukahlukene njengaseLouisiana, lapho zibizwa khona ngokuthi izifunda zase - Alaska, lapho zibizwa khona ngokuthi ama - borough.
Ezinye izakhiwo zikahulumeni wesifunda esivamile zihlanganisa isimiso seKhomishoni, isimiso soMkhandlu-Administrator, isimiso soMkhandlu-oMkhandlu owenziwe nge-Profeced nesimiso soMnyango weSiphakamiso. Lezizakhiwo ezihlukene zithinta indlela abameleli besifunda abasebenzisa ngayo igunya labo futhi basebenzelana ngayo nezinye izikhulu ezikhethiwe.
Izifunda Ezikhethekile Nezikhungo Zesikole
Ngaphaya kwezindawo zohulumeni besifunda, imiphakathi eminingi inezifunda ezikhethekile ezisingatha izinkonzo ezithile. Izifunda ezikhethekile zinezigodi ezizimele ezinenjongo elinganiselwe ngokuvamile ezigxila enkonzweni ethile ekhethekile enjengamanzi nenhlanzeko. Amabhodi esikole amelela olunye uhlobo olubucayi lokubusa kwendawo, nabakhethiwe abakhetha ukwenza izinqumo ngezimiso zemfundo, izimali, kanye nezinto eziza kuqala ezithinta ngokuqondile abafundi nemikhaya.
Imithwalo Yemfanelo Yabameleli Bendawo
Ukuqonda le misebenzi kusiza izakhamuzi ukuba zazi ukuthi ziyosebenzelana nini futhi kanjani nezikhulu zazo ezikhethiwe ezindabeni ezithile.
Imisebenzi Yomthetho Nokwenza Inqubo
Amaqumrhu angokomthetho anjengemikhandlu yamadolobha namakhomishane esifundazwe anomthwalo wemfanelo wokwenza izimiso nemithetho, kuyilapho izikhulu ezinjengemeya, izikhulu zesifundazwe, nabaphathi bedolobha benecala lokusebenzisa lezozimiso. Lengxenye yezisebenzi iqinisekisa kokubili ukuthuthukiswa kwezimiso ezicatshangelwe nokukhishwa kwenqubo okuphumelelayo.
Umkhandlu unamandla okumisa imithetho nezimiso, ngokuvumelana nomthetho wezwe, ukuqondisa izindaba zendawo nomasipala, ngokuvamile ngokumiswa kwezimiso nezinqumo. Lezi zimiso zihlanganisa yonke into kusukela ekwakheni imithetho yokwakha kuya ezilinganisweni zezebhizinisi nasezilinganisweni zokuphepha zomphakathi.
Ohulumeni bendawo bamisa imithetho ngenqubo yemithetho ehlongozwayo ehlanganisa umthetho oxoxwe phakathi nemihlangano yomphakathi, ukubukezwa kwekomiti, bese bevota kulezi zinyathelo ezihlongozwayo, futhi uma sebezigunyaziwe, umthetho kumelwe usayinwe nguMayor noma umphathi omkhulu, kuye ngesimo sikahulumeni. Le nqubo inikeza amathuba amaningi okufakwa komphakathi futhi iqinisekisa ukuba sobala ekwenzeni izinqumo.
Ukuphathwa Kwemali Nokusetshenziswa Kwayo
Enye yemithwalo yemfanelo ebucayi kakhulu yabameleli bendawo ihilela ukuphatha izimali zomphakathi. Izikhulu zomphakathi zengamela imithwalo yemfanelo enjengokuhlela nokumisa imithetho nokuhlela izimali zendawo, phakathi kweminye imisebenzi ebalulekile. Izinqumo zokuhlela uhlelo lokusetshenziswa kwemali zinquma ukuthi yimiphi imisebenzi exhaswa ngemali, ukuthi intela yabelwe kanjani, nokuthi yimiphi imisebenzi yezesisekelo eqhubekela phambili.
Abameleli kumelwe balinganisele izinto eziza kuqala ezincintisanayo kuyilapho beqinisekisa ukuthi izindleko zemisebenzi ebalulekile, banquma intela phakathi kwemingcele engokomthetho, futhi benza izinqumo zokuhlela ngokwezimali ezithinta ukulondolozwa nokwanda komphakathi.
Izakhiwo Nezindleko Zenkonzo
Ohulumeni bendawo banomthwalo wemfanelo wokulungiselela izinkonzo ezibalulekile ezithinta ngokuqondile izinga lokuphila kwezakhamuzi, kusukela ekulondolozeni izakhi zemvelo kuya ekunakekeleni ukuphepha komphakathi nendle.
Zinquma ukuthi indawo yendawo ihamba phambili ngezinhlelo, iziqondiso, nezindinganiso, futhi zithathe amapulani okusebenzisa indawo, i-paki nemisebenzi yomphakathi evunyelwe ukusetshenziswa ekulondolozeni izindlela, imigwaqwe, nemigwaqo. Lezi zinqumo zihlela indlela imiphakathi ekhula ngayo futhi isebenze ngayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ukuphepha Komphakathi Nenhlalakahle Yomphakathi
Ohulumeni bendawo banomthwalo wemfanelo ngezinkonzo zokuphepha zomphakathi, kuhlanganise namaphoyisa neminyango yomlilo, efeza indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuphepha nokulondeka kwezakhamuzi nsuku zonke. Abameleli baqondisa leminyango, bavumela izimali zabo, futhi bamise izimiso eziqondisa imisebenzi yabo.
Ngaphandle kwezinkonzo eziphuthumayo, abameleli bendawo bathintana nezindaba zenhlalakahle yomphakathi ezihlanganisa impilo yomphakathi, izindlu, ukuvikela indawo ezungezile, nezinkonzo zezenhlalo. Abasunguli be-Bhungani kulindeleke ukuba basebenzele ekuthuthukiseni inhlalakahle yezenhlalo, ezomnotho, nemvelo nokuhlala kwayo isesimweni esizungezile ukuze kuzuze isifundazwe sabo.
Ukumelela Nokubusa Okubalulekile
Amalungu oMkhandlu akhonza njengendima yokuhola njengendikimba yombuso kahulumeni wendawo futhi amelela abantu abawakhethayo futhi benze izinqumo ngokwenzuzo yomphakathi nezakhamuzi zawo. Lendima emelelwayo idinga ukulinganisela inhlalakahle yomphakathi ehlukahlukene nokuqinisekisa ukuthi wonke amazwi azwakala enqubweni yokwenza izinqumo.
Ukuze ziphumelele, izikhulu ezikhethiwe kumelwe zilalele izidingo zabantu ezikanye nazo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi zigxile ekuqondeni okulungile noma ekusabeleni embonweni wedlanzana ukuze abantu bazo bazizwe bemelelwe ngokwanele.
Indlela Abameleli Bendawo Abasebenza Ngayo: Inqubo Yomthetho
Ukuqonda indlela abameleli bendawo abawuphatha ngayo umsebenzi wabo kusiza izakhamuzi ukuba zihlanganyele ngokuphumelelayo ekubuseni kwendawo. Inqubo yemithetho yendawo ilandela izinqubo ezimisiwe eziklanyelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi abantu bayakwazi ukuveza ukukhanya nokuhlanganyela.
Imihlangano Yeningi Nohulumeni Ovulekile
Kuyintando yeningi emelela intando yeningi, abavoti bezishaya - mthetho abakhethayo abenza izinqumo zezimiso futhi bamise imithetho ngokuthatha isinyathelo phakathi nemihlangano yasobala.
Imihlangano eminingi kahulumeni yendawo ilandela uhlelo oluhlelwe kahle oluhlanganisa isikhathi sokukhulumela obala, imibiko yezisebenzi, ukutusa kwamakomiti, kanye namavoti angokomthetho ezenzweni ezihlongozwayo. Umkhandlu ugunyazwe ukuba umise imithetho ebusa izinqubo zawo siqu, kuhlanganise nemihlangano yomphakathi kanye nokulalela. Lemithetho yendabuko iqinisekisa ukuziphatha okuhlelekile nokucabangela ngokufanelekile zonke izinto phambi kwendikimba.
Umsebenzi Wekomiti Nokumiswa Okukhethekile
Umsebenzi omningi ongokoqobo uyenzeka emakomitini, ngakho ukwazi ukuthi yimaphi amakomiti asingatha izindaba zakho futhi agxile emalungwini alawo makomiti angenza ukuba ukuphumelela kwakho ekufundiseni kuphumelele ngokwengeziwe.
Imihlangano yamakomiti ivame ukunikeza amathuba engxoxo eningiliziwe nokwaziswa komphakathi kunemihlangano yemikhandlu egcwele. Abameleli basebenzisa amakomiti ukuze bahlolisise izindaba eziyinkimbinkimbi, balalele ubufakazi obungochwepheshe, futhi bathuthukise ukutusa kwendikimba yemithetho egcwele.
Indima Yezisebenzi Nezokuphatha
Amalungu omphakathi namakhomishane athembele ezikhundleni ukuze anikeze ukwaziswa okufanelekile, okufike ngesikhathi, nokuphelele ngezindaba umkhandlu noma ikhomishane kumelwe kucatshangelwe. Amalungu ochwepheshe ahlola, alungise imibiko, alungise imithetho yokuhlela izinhlelo, futhi anikeze ubuchwepheshe obunikeza ulwazi lokwenza izinqumo zabameleli.
Umphathi wemeya (noma umphathi wedolobha lomphathi-mantshi) uphethe inkampani, ubekwa icala lokufeza izinqubo ezimiswe umkhandlu, eqikelela ukuthi imithetho yendawo iphoqelelwe, futhi aqondise imisebenzi yezinhlangano zosuku ngalunye, kuhlanganise nokuqondisa zonke izikhulu ezimisiwe nezisebenzi ekufezeni imisebenzi yazo engokomthetho, futhi uphethe ukuqasha nokudubula zonke izikhulu nezisebenzi ezimisiwe.
Ukwakha Nokuthutha Isinqumo
Izindikimba ezishaya umthetho zenza izinqumo, futhi labo abanganelisekile ngemiphumela bangase bakwazi ukushintsha abameleli bazo ngokuvota abanye abazobhapathizwa.
Isisekelo senqubo yomthetho ukunikeza nokuthatha izithakazelo ezihlukene nokufuna ukuyekethisa namakhambi. Abameleli ngokuvamile kumelwe bazwane futhi bakhe ukuvumelana ukuze baqhube izinyathelo zokuthatha isinyathelo, ikakhulukazi ezindabeni eziphikisanayo noma eziyinkimbinkimbi.
Ukuthola Nokubona Abameleli Bakho Bendawo
Ngaphambi kokuba uhlanganyele ngokuphumelelayo nabameleli bendawo, kudingeka wazi ukuthi bangobani nokuthi imiphi imingcele abayimelelayo.
Amathuluzi Wesithobo Namadumela
Ithuluzi le-USAGov's Accounting Your Edected Politives linikeza amalungu eSishaya-mthetho, umongameli, uhulumeni nezikhulu zendawo ukwaziswa kokuxhumana. Le mishini kahulumeni isebenza njengesiqalo esibanzi sokuhlukanisa abameleli kuwo wonke amazinga kahulumeni.
Izindawo eziningi zokuxhumana ze - Internet ezizokusiza ukuba uxhumane nabameleli bendawo yakho nabakwesizwe, nangokunikeza ukwaziswa okuyisisekelo njengekheli lakho, ungathola ukwaziswa kothintana nezabelo zamakomiti zezikhulu zakho ezikhethiwe. La mathuluzi adinga ikheli lakho lasekhaya noma i - Zip code ukuze kukhishwe uhlu oluphelele lwabamele wena.
AmaWebhsayithi Kahulumeni Wasendaweni
Idolobha lakho, isifunda sesifunda, noma ingosi yedolobha kunikezwa ukwaziswa okuningiliziwe ngabameleli bendawo, kuhlanganise nokwaziswa kwabo kokuxhumana, izabelo zamakomiti namahhovisi. Amawebhusayithi amaningi kahulumeni wendawo aphuma izinqumo zemihlangano, imizuzu, namavidiyo eqoshiwe emihlangano yomphakathi, akuvumela ukuba uhlale waziwa ngezindaba zamanje nezinqumo.
Unezikhulu eziningi ezikhethiwe endaweni yakho kunalokho ongase uqaphele, futhi ukuphenya ngokushesha noma ukuxhumana nge-web noma nge-web kungakusiza ukuba uthole ukuthi ubani okumelelayo nokuthi ungaxhumana kanjani nazo. Ungazibahli indida ezikhethekile zabameleli besifunda, amalungu ebhodi lesikole, nezinye izikhulu ezingabonakali kodwa ezingenza izinqumo ezibalulekile ezithinta umphakathi wakho.
Ukuqonda Imikhawulo Eyindida
Ukwazi izinga likahulumeni (endaweni, esifundeni, esifundazweni, noma kuhulumeni) eliphethe ukusingatha lendaba kuyokusiza ukuba uthole izimpendulo ngokushesha, kodwa uma ungaqiniseki, ngokuvamile ukufinyelela othile ohlobene nendaba esendaweni engafanele kahulumeni kungcono kunokungazami ukufinyelela nhlobo, futhi cishe bayokwazi ukukuqondisa kulowo ozokuya kulokhu.
Abameleli abahlukahlukene banegunya ezindabeni ezihlukahlukene. Ezindabeni ezihlobene nokunakekelwa nokugcinwa kwemithetho, ukufinyelela igatsha eliphethe likahulumeni (imeya, umbusi, njll) yiwona ongcono kakhulu, futhi ezindabeni ezihlobene nokukhetha kwezimiso, ukuxhasa ngemali, njll, kufanele ufinyelele egatsheni likahulumeni (umkhandlu wesifundazwe, ibhodi lezikhulu, isishaya - mthetho, ingqungquthela yombuso).
Izindlela Eziphumelelayo Zokuxhumana Nabameleli Bakho Bendawo
Uma usubazi abameleli bakho, ukwazi ukuthi ungaxhumana nabo kanjani ngokuphumelelayo kuqinisekisa ukuthi isigijimi sakho sizwakala futhi sithola ukunakwa okufanele. Izindlela zokuxhumana ezihlukene zifeza izinjongo nezimo ezihlukene.
Ukuxhumana Okuzimele
Ama-imeyili, izincwadi, nezingcingo ziyizindlela eziphumelelayo zokuxhumana nezikhulu ozikhethile. I-imeyili inikeza izinzuzo eziningana: iqopha umlando obhaliwe, ikuvumela ukuba uhlanganise amakheli nezithasiselo, futhi ikwenze ukwazi ukuqamba ngokucophelela isigijimi sakho.
Ama-imeyili aqondile angcono uma ufuna ukuhlanganisa amaxhume noma amaxhume, yenza uchungechunge nabantu abaningi, udlulise ukusabela okwamukelayo, noma ubhale ukukhipha. Uma uthumela i-imeyili, sebenzisa umugqa wesihloko ocacisa uhlamvu, gcina umyalezo wakho ufingqiwe, futhi faka ulwazi lokuthinta ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ungumhlanganisi.
Izingcingo
Izingcingo kanye nezingxoxo ezisheshayo zingcono uma udinga impendulo ephuthumayo, unenkinga enzima, noma unemibuzo eminingi ongayidinga ukuze kutholakale izinyathelo zakho ezilandelayo. Izingcingo zocingo zivumela ukuxoxa ngokushesha futhi zingaphumelela kakhulu ezindabeni ezizwelayo.
Ku 99% wokuhambela uMkhandlu, uzoba ukhuluma nelungu lezisebenzi zomthetho, ngakho khumbula wonke amaphuzu angenhla futhi ucabangele ukubhala phansi lokho ofuna ukukusho ngaphambi kokuba wenze ucingo, ungaphakamiseli izwi lakho noma ube nempikiswano, futhi ube mfushane, uphatheke kahle futhi ube nenhlonipho kuzo zonke izingxoxo.
Izincwadi ezilotshiwe
Izincwadi namafax kuyindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokuxhumana nezikhulu zakho ezikhethiwe, njengoba izishayamthetho eziningi zikholelwa ukuthi incwadi ayikhona nje isikhundla sombhali kodwa futhi nabanye abaningi abangathathanga isikhathi sokubhala. Incwadi enengqondo, ebhalwe kahle ibonisa ukuzimisela kwakho kulendaba futhi ngokuvamile ithola ukunaka kakhulu kunokubhala izincwadi noma ama-imeyili amaningi.
Cabangela ukubhala izincwadi zakho siqu zakuqala, njengalapho izinhlangano eziningi zingakunika incwadi noma ikhadi omane ulisayine, izishayamthetho eziningi zisabheka incwadi enengqondo, eqalayo njenge-1000 yezinhlamvu ezibhalwe ngaphambili. Ukuzihlela zenza isigijimi sakho sibe nethonya futhi sikhumbuleke.
Emihlanganweni Ephansi
Ukuhlangana nemethi yomthetho noma izisebenzi esifundeni se-Washington, D.C., ihhovisi liyindlela enhle kakhulu yokusho isimo sakho, njengoba ukuvakasha okungenacala kuzokunikeza ithuba lokuzibheka emehlweni futhi ukhulume izinto ezikukhathazayo, futhi uyoba ngcono ezinkulungwaneni zezingcingo, izingcingo, iposi nemiyalezo ye-imeyili.
Biza ihhovisi lomphathi wendawo futhi ucele umhlangano, bazise ukuthi yimuphi umagazini othanda ukuxoxa ngawo, futhi ufike ulungiselelwe ngamaphuzu ambalwa acacile. Abameleli bendawo abaningi baba namahora avamile ehhovisi noma imihlangano, bewenza afinyeleleke kakhulu kunezikhulu zikahulumeni noma zikahulumeni.
Ukuba Khona Emihlanganweni Yeningi
Ukuba khona komkhandlu wedolobha, ibhodi yesifunda, noma imihlangano yesikole kukuvumela ukuba uqaphele abameleli bakho besebenza, uzwe izingxoxo ezindabeni zamanje, futhi uhlanganyele ezikhathini zokuphendula komphakathi. Ukuxhumana okuqondile nabameleli kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuba sobala, ukulandisa, nokusabela ezidingweni zomphakathi, futhi kungathatha izindlela eziningi, kuhlanganise nemihlangano yasemahholo, iziqu, amaphephandaba, imithombo yezindaba, kanye namathuba okusebenzelana nezikhulu ezikhethiwe nezisebenzi zikahulumeni.
Ukuthungatha Izigijimi Eziphumelelayo Kwabameleli Bakho
Indlela oxhumana ngayo nabameleli bakho ibaluleke kakhulu njengeqiniso lokuthi uyakhuluma. Imiyalezo efakwe kahle ithola ukunakekela okwengeziwe futhi inethonya elikhulu ekwenzeni izinqumo.
Zichaze Njengongahlosile
Zihlanganise njengomsizi wemithetho, njengalokhu abashaya imithetho nezisebenzi zabo basabela kakhulu lapho bazi ukuthi bakhuluma nothile (kungasho ukuthi, umavoti). Ngaso sonke isikhathi hlanganisa igama lakho eligcwele nekheli ukuze uqinise ukuthi uhlala esifundeni sommeleli. Lokhu kumisa ilungelo lakho lokuzwiwa futhi kwandise amathuba okuthola impendulo encinci.
Qoqa Ube Ucacile Futhi Uthande
Ekugcineni izincwadi zakho zimfushane, cabangela ukwenza amaphuzu ayinhloko angaphezu kwamathathu, bese ukhipha amaphuzu akho amathathu anamandla kakhulu futhi unamathele kuwo. Abameleli nezisebenzi zabo babukeza izindlela eziningi zokuxhumana nsuku zonke, okucace futhi okufushane kwandisa amathuba okufundwa nokuqondwa kwesigijimi sakho.
Uma uthintana nabamisi-mthetho bakho, umusho omfushane noma ababili ngokuthi kungani wena ngokwakho usekela noma uphikisa isihlongozo esithile kungcono kakhulu, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, ngaso sonke isikhathi yiba nenhlonipho futhi ucace lapho uxoxa nabamisi-mthetho bakho. Gxila engxoxweni ethile noma umthetho ozowuchaza kahle futhi uchaze isimo sakho.
Yenza Isigijimi Sakho Sibe Somuntu Siqu
Tshela isikhulu sakho esikhethiwe ukuthi kungani lomthetho uphathelene nomphakathi noma umbuso waso, futhi uma unawo, hlanganisa indaba yomuntu siqu ebonisa indlela lendaba ethinta ngayo wena nomkhaya wakho, njengezindaba zomuntu siqu zomsizi wenhlangano zingaba ezishukumisa kakhulu njengoba ummisi - mthetho wakho ehlela isikhundla sakhe.
Okucatshangelwa ngokuyinhloko nganoma imuphi ummeleli kuwumphumela oqondile wenkambiso kubantu esifundeni sabo noma esifundazweni, futhi lapho abangenisi nezinhlangano zesizwe ngokuvamile benikeza isilinganiso esiphakeme, isodwa, noma ulwazi olucwathile olungokwemvelo, ummeleli anganikeza okuthile okuyingqayizivele: indaba yomuntu siqu, isibonelo esithile sendawo, noma ulwazi lwangasese ngezidingo zomphakathi, okuyimininingwane efinyelelwe umuntu othanda ukuthatha indawo angeke ayifunde.
Nikeza Ulwazi Oluqondile
Abameli bakhathazekile ngezindaba eziningi, ngakho qiniseka ukunikeza ukwaziswa okuhle futhi unikeze ukwaziswa, kuhlanganise nesizinda noma izinto ezichaza umagazini. Uma ubhala ngomthetho osele ukhona, bhekisa inani lemali ethile noma umthetho. Uma uphakamisa ukukhathazeka okusha, nikeza amaqiniso ahlobene nokwaziswa ukuze usekele isikhundla sakho.
Yiba Nenhlonipho Futhi Ube Nobuchwepheshe
Indlela elula kakhulu yokungafundi umyalezo wakho iwukuba ungahloniphi, njengoba "Othandekayo Idiot" cishe iyokwenza umfundi angaqhubeki phambili, ngakho ungasebenzisi inhlamba, futhi ngisho noma ummisi-mthetho wakho engeyena umuntu owuvotelayo, khumbula ukuba nenhlonipho. Ukulondoloza umsindo okhokhelwe, ngisho nalapho uveza ukungaboni kahle, kuqinisekisa ukuthi umyalezo wakho uthathwa ngokungathi sína.
Landela Ngokufanelekile
Ngemva kokuba usuthintane nesikhulu esikhethiwe, ulandele lokho abakwenza, futhi uma bevotela indlela owawufuna ngayo, cabangela ukubhala amazwi okubonga amafushane, uqinisekisa ukuthi umphumela uzokuthinta kanjani, kodwa uma ummisi - mthetho wakho engavoti ngendlela obufuna ngayo, cabangela ukuthintana nabo futhi uzwakalisa ukudumazeka kwakho ngenhlonipho, futhi usho kunoma iyiphi incwadi elandelayo, phawula iqiniso lokuthi wawabhala ngaphambi kokuba ivoti ithathwe.
Ukusetshenziswa Okufanele Kwabameleli Abaxhumanayo
Uma uthintana nabameleli bakho kungaba okubaluleke njengendlela oxhumana ngayo nabo. Ukuqonda ikhalenda lomthetho kanye nohlelo lokwenza izinqumo kukusiza ukuba ukhulise ithonya lakho.
Phakathi Nezinhlanganweni Zemithetho
Lapho izishaya - mthetho zisesiqenjini, isikhathi singaba esibalulekile, ngakho ukuxhumana namahhovisi lapho izikweletu zisekomitini noma ngaphambi nje kokuvota, lapho ukufakwa kwakho kusengathonya izinqumo. Ukufinyelela ukuthatha isinyathelo kuqala enqubweni, ngaphambi kokuba izikhundla ziqine, ngokuvamile kubonakala kuphumelela kakhulu kunokulinda kuze kube yilapho ukuvota kokugcina sekuseduze.
Nokho, uma isikhathi sivuma, uma usebenzisa amasu ethonya engeziwe njengokucela imihlangano noma ukuhlela ukufinyelela izinhlangano eziningi, uma kuvuma, ungathintana ngokushesha nommisi - mthetho wakho ngocingo noma nge - email.
Phakathi Nezikhathi Zokuxosha Noma Phakathi Nezikhathi
Uma izikhulu zibuyele emuva ezifundeni zazo, ngokuvamile zinesikhathi esiningi semihlangano ehlanganyelweyo futhi zingeneka kakhulu ezigijimeni zendawo, futhi inkathi yangemva kokhetho, ikakhulukazi ezikhulwini ezisanda kukhethwa, ingaba isikhathi esihle kakhulu sokuzethula wena kanye nezinkathazo zakho. Abameleli bendawo ngokuvamile bagcina ukutholakala okungaguquguquki kakhulu kunezikhulu zikahulumeni noma zikahulumeni, kodwa banezinkathi lapho betholakala khona.
Imijikelezo Yokusetshenziswa Kwemali
Izinqumo eziningi zenqubo zenziwa phakathi namanqubo okuhlelwa kwemali. Ukuqonda ikhalenda lemali kahulumeni wendawo ohlala kuyo kukuvumela ukuba unikeze umfakela lapho kwenziwa izinqumo zezimali. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma usekela izinhlelo ezithile, izinkonzo, noma izimali ezizinzile.
Ukwakha Ubuhlobo Obuqhubekayo Nabameleli
Ukwakha ubuhlobo obuqhubekayo kudala amathuba ethonya futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi izwi lakho linethonya lapho kuphakama izimpikiswano ezibalulekile.
Ukuzenza Ingcebo
Abameleli abaphumelela kakhulu abamane nje bathintane nezikhulu lapho zidinga okuthile, kodwa bakhe ubuhlobo obuqhubekayo ngokubonisa ukwazisa lapho izikhulu zithatha izikhundla zokusekela, zinikeza incazelo ngokuhlanganyela izenzakalo zendawo noma izindaba zezindaba, ukunikeza ulwazi uma unolwazi olungokobuchwepheshe oluhlobene nezimiso, futhi uhlale waziswe ngokulandela umsebenzi wesikhulu nezabelo zamakomiti.
Cabanga ngephuzu ngalinye lokuxhumana nesikhulu sakho esikhethiwe njengethuba lokwakha ubuhlobo obude, obungathandeki, njengoba ukucwaninga kwe - Congregational Management Foundation kusikisela ukuthi ukuxhumana okubanzi, okunamandla, nokuhlukahlukene, okuqhutshwa isikhathi eside kakhulu ngenjongo yokwakha ubuhlobo phakathi kwama - communion namahhovisi enhlangano, kuyizindlela zokuhlobanisa amaqembu.
Ukuxhumana Ngokungaqondile
Yiba khona ezinsukwini zomphakathi lapho abameleli bakho bevela khona. Hlanganisa emahholo edolobha, emahholo omphakathi, nasemacaleni omphakathi. Uma uthuthukisa ubuhlobo bakho nomenzi wemithetho, kulapho incwadi yakho/i-email iyakuba namandla khona, ngakho uma uvotela ummisi-mthetho, usebenza emkhankasweni wakhe noma imali kumphathi wemithetho noma eqenjini labo, yisho kanjalo, futhi uma uke wahlangana nomenzi womthetho, ukhulume kafushane ngalokhu esigijimini sakho, futhi uma kungenzeka, uyoba khona emahholo edolobha, cishe noma eperson, nezinye izenzakalo zomphakathi ohlala kuzo.
Ukusebenza Nabaphathi Abayimithetho
Izisebenzi zomthetho zibaluleke kakhulu, futhi kuzuzisa kakhulu ukuthuthukisa ubuhlobo obusebenzayo nezisebenzi ezabelwe impikiswano yakho, njengalapho kufika isikhathi sokuthatha isinyathelo, ukwazi othile ozobiza kuyokhokhela. Amalungu asebenzayo avame ukuba nethonya elikhulu ezikhundleni zabameleli bawo futhi anganikeza isiqondiso esiwusizo ngendlela yokusekela ngokuphumelelayo izinkathazo zakho.
Ukuhlanganyela Emihlanganweni Kahulumeni Wendawo
Ukuya nokuhlanganyela emihlanganweni kahulumeni yendawo kumelela olunye lwezindlela eziqondile zokuthembisana ngomphakathi. Le mihlangano inikeza amathuba okuqaphela ukwenza izinqumo, ukufunda ngezindaba zomphakathi, futhi wenze izwi lakho lizweke.
Ukuqonda Izinqubo Zokuhlangana
Imihlangano eminingi kahulumeni yendawo ilandela izinqubo ezimisiwe ezihlanganisa isikhathi sokukhulumela obala. Zijwayeze nalezi zinqubo ngaphambi kokuba ube khona. Izifunda eziningi zidinga ukutshelwa kusengaphambili ukuze kunikezwe impendulo yasobala, kuyilapho ezinye zivuma izikhulumi lapho zifika okokuqala, isisekelo sokuqala. Eminye imihlangano inemingcele yesikhathi yezikhulumi ngazinye, ngokuvamile kusukela emizuzwini emibili kuya kwemihlanu.
Ngokuvamile kufakwa izinkulumo ezizoxoxwa ngemihlangano kusengaphambili, ezikwenza ukwazi ukubona izinto ezithakazelisayo futhi ulungiselele izimpendulo.
Ukunikeza Izimpendulo Eziphumelelayo Zeningi
Lapho ukhuluma phakathi nezikhathi zokuphendula komphakathi, chaza igama lakho nekheli ngokucacile. Gxila entweni ethile ehleliwe noma umagazini ozoxoxa ngayo. Sebenzisa isikhathi sakho esilinganiselwe ngokuhlakanipha ngokwenza amaphuzu akho ayinhloko afingqiwe futhi ugweme ukuphinda lokho abanye abakushilo kakade.
Namathela emaphuzwini akho okukhuluma, hlala ukhuluma ngakho, futhi ukwenze kube namakhasi amahlanu ezinto ongazishiyela isikhulu sakho esikhethiwe, futhi unikeze izibonelo zomuntu siqu nezendawo zethonya lomthetho, njengoba lokhu kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu ongayenza lapho uvakasha.
Ukuqaphela Nokufunda
Ngisho noma ungahleli ukukhuluma, ukuya emihlanganweni kukusiza ukuba uqonde indlela abameleli bakho abasebenza ngayo, iziphi izimpikiswano abakhuluma ngazo, nendlela abasebenzelana ngayo nabameleli kanye nodwa. Uzoqonda inqubo yokwenza izinqumo futhi uqaphele amathuba okuthembisana esikhathini esizayo.
Ukuhlela Imizamo Yomphakathi Yokuzisebenzela
Amazwi afanayo abalulekile, kodwa ukusekela umphakathi okuhleliwe kungakhulisa ithonya lakho futhi kubonise ukusekela okukhulu komphakathi isikhundla sakho.
Isakhiwo Esihlanganisayo
Enye indlela yokuxhumana nabantu ongaba abangane nomngane, ukumane ubuze izikhulu ezikhethiwe ngokuqondile ukuthi ubani omunye osekela lendaba, futhi ubuze isikhulu esikhethiwe 'Ucabanga ukuthi yini engcono kakhulu kuleyo elandelayo?' no-'Ubani omunye okufanele ngixhumane naye?' njengokungathi zenza umsebenzi wazo kahle, isikhulu kufanele sazi bonke abadlali emphakathini futhi umsebenzi waso ukuhlanganisa nawe.
Ukusebenza ndawonye kukuvumela ukuba uhlanganise izimali, uhlanganyele imithwalo yemfanelo, futhi ubonise ukubambisana kwabameleli. Imizamo yokubhalisa ibonisa ukuthi impikiswano isekelwa umphakathi omkhulu kunokuba imelele izithakazelo zomuntu siqu kuphela.
Izinhlangano Ezihlangene Zokuxhumana
Imikhankaso ehleliwe lapho abantu abaningi bethumela imiyalezo yabo siqu (engafani) ingaphumelela kakhulu. Ukuhlanganiswa nezinye ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi abameleli bezwa abameleli abavela ezinhlangothini eziningi, kodwa kukhuthaze wonke umuntu ukuba asebenzise imiyalezo yakhe kunokuba athumele izinhlamvu ezifanayo.
Ungazigcini nje kuphela endleleni eyodwa yokuxhumana, ngoba indlela esebenzayo ingahlanganisa ukuqala ngocingo ukuze uhlole indawo yehhovisi, ulandele nge-imeyili eningiliziwe ehlanganisa amaphepha asekelayo, ucele umhlangano wezindaba eziyinkimbinkimbi, futhi usebenzise imithombo yezokuxhumana ukubonga obala ngezenzo ezinhle.
Imithombo Yezindaba Endaweni Entengantengayo
Amaphephandaba endawo, iziteshi zomsakazo, nezindaba ze-TV ngokuvamile anethonya elikhulu ezikhulwini ezikhethiwe kunemithombo yezindaba. Cabangela ukubhalela umhleli izincwadi, ukunikeza izikhangiso, noma ukuxhumana nezintatheli zendawo ngezindaba zomphakathi. Izindaba zingabangela ukuqaphela futhi zicindezele abameleli ukuba babhekane nezindaba ezibalulekile.
Ukuqonda Imikhawulo Namandla Kahulumeni Wendawo
Ukuze bahlanganyele ngokuphumelelayo nabameleli bendawo, kubalulekile ukuqonda lokho abangakwazi nokungakwazi ukukwenza. Ohulumeni bendawo basebenza phakathi kwemingcele emiswe umthetho kahulumeni nohulumeni.
Igunya Likahulumeni Nokubusa Kwasekhaya
Nokho, igunya lezindawo lomthetho lilinganiselwe kulokho isifundazwe esikunikeza ngokuqondile izinombolo, amadolobha, amadolobha angokomthetho, amadolobha omthetho - sisekelo, nezindawo zomthetho - sisekelo ezinemibuso emikhulu ebizwa ngokuthi “ukubusa kwekhaya" evumela ukuba zisebenzise igunya elinganikezwanga ngokuqondile uhulumeni, uma nje kunganqatshelwe ngokuqondile.
Ohulumeni bendawo bakhiwa futhi bathonywe ohulumeni bezwe, abanakukhipha imithetho ephikisana nomthetho kahulumeni, futhi ngokuyinhloko bathembele ezintelani zempahla nasezinkokhelweni zenkonzo kunokuba bakhokhe intela ebanzi. Ukuqonda lokhu kulinganiselwa kukusiza ukuba uqondise ukulinganisela kwakho ngokufanele futhi ubeke amathemba angokoqobo.
Imingcele Eyindida
Izinga elihlukene nezinhlobo zikahulumeni wendawo linegunya ezindabeni ezihlukahlukene. Imikhandlu yamadolobha ilawula izindaba phakathi kwemingcele yedolobha, kanti ohulumeni bezifunda ngokuvamile banegunya ezindaweni ezingahlanganisiwe futhi banikeza izinkonzo ezihlanganisa izindawo ezibanzi. Amabhodi ezikole agxila ngokukhethekile ezindabeni zemfundo, kuyilapho izifunda ezikhethekile zisingatha izinkonzo ezithile njengamanzi, indle, noma isivikelo somlilo.
Uma impikiswano ehilela imingcele yemingcele noma amazinga amaningi kahulumeni, kungase kudingeke uhlanganyele nabameleli bezindikimba ezihlukahlukene.
Ukubaluleka Kokubona Ingaphandle Nokulandisa
Abameleli bendawo basebenza ngaphansi kwezimfuneko eziningi zokubonana eziklanyelwe ukuqinisekisa ukutholakala komphakathi kokwaziswa kukahulumeni nezinqubo zokwenza izinqumo. Ukuqonda lezi zimfuneko kukunika amandla okuba izikhulu zibone ukuthi unecala.
Vula Imithetho Yokuhlangana
Izifundazwe eziningi zinemithetho yemihlangano efuna ukuba izindikimba zikahulumeni zendawo ziqhube ibhizinisi emihlanganweni yomphakathi ngesaziso esingaphambili. Lemithetho idinga ukufakwa kwezinhlelo zemihlangano, amathuba okunikeza impendulo yomphakathi, nokuthola imvume yomphakathi emizuzwini yomhlangano nasemarekhodini.
Ukubona bhabha kuyisici esidingekile sokuqinisekisa ukuthi umkhandlu uphatha ingcebo kahulumeni ngokufanele, njengoba izakhamuzi zibheka amalungu omkhandlu nohulumeni bendawo ukuba alandise ngokuphumelela nangangokunokwenzeka.
Ukutholakala Kwamarekhodi Omphakathi
Imithetho yemibhalo yomphakathi inikeza izakhamuzi ilungelo lokuthola izincwadi eziningi zikahulumeni, kuhlanganise ama-imeyili, imibiko, izivumelwano nezinye izinto. Ukuqonda indlela yokucela amarekhodi omphakathi kunganikeza ukwaziswa okubalulekile ngemisebenzi kahulumeni nokwenza izinqumo.
Omabhalane bakahulumeni banakekela imisebenzi eminingi ehlukahlukene, kuhlanganise nokusingatha okhethweni lukahulumeni bendawo, ukugcina amarekhodi, ukuqopha umlando womphakathi, ukukhipha amalayisense nemvume, nokugcina izimpawu zikahulumeni wendawo, kanye nonobhala bathatha imizuzu yomhlangano womkhandlu futhi banomthwalo wemfanelo wokuveza izakhamuzi zendawo ngokuqondene nohulumeni.
Izindinganiso Ezingokwezimiso Nezingxabano Zesithakazelo
Khuthaza ukuvezana, ukulandisa nokukhulumisana ngokukhululekile ngendima yakho njengelungu lomkhandlu, usekela izindinganiso eziphakeme zokuziphatha, wenza ngobuqotho kukho konke ukusebenzelana kwakho nokwenza izinqumo, ukugwema izingxabano zesithakazelo, futhi uqiniseke ukuthi uhlala uthobela imithetho. Izakhamuzi zinelungelo lokulindela ukuba abameleli bazo benze ngokuvumelana nezimiso zomthetho kanye nesithakazelo emphakathini.
Ukunqoba Izithiyo Ezivamile Zokuhlanganyela
Ukuqonda nokusingatha lezi zithiyo kungasiza izakhamuzi ezengeziwe ukuba zihlanganyele ekubuseni kwendawo.
Ukukhuluma Ngesibindi
Ukuya noma ukuhlangana nesikhulu esikhethiwe kungazwakala kuyesabisa, njengalokhu bengakhulumi nje kuphela no "abantu ababalulekile", kodwa iqiniso liwukuthi: Ungenye yamazwi abaluleke kakhulu abangawezwa, njengoba izikhulu zakho ezikhethiwe zikhona ukuze zikhonze wonke umuntu emphakathini wakubo — hhayi nje abantu abakhetha bona, futhi njengomuntu ohlala kulowomphakathi, uyingxenye yeqembu abalimele, futhi ukulalele kungumsebenzi wabo.
Khumbula, izishaya - mthetho zakho ziyakusebenzela, bayizisebenzi zikahulumeni ezimsebenzi wazo uwukuveza izifiso ezihlanganyelwe.
Akudingeki Ukuba Ube Ingcweti
Awudingi amagama aphelele noma ulwazi oluphezulu, cacisa ukuthi ukhathalelani, kungani kubalulekile kuwe, nokuthi yini ongathanda ukuyibona inguquko. Umbono wakho njengelungu lomphakathi ubalulekile, ngisho noma ungeyena uchwepheshe wezimiso.
Ukuthi: “Angazi" kungaba isenzo esihlakaniphile sezombangazwe, njengoba kungafanele ube nguchwepheshe wendaba oxoxa ngayo, futhi uma ungayazi impendulo yombuzo, kuhle ukutshela ummisi-mthetho ukuthi uzothola lokho kwaziswa kuye. Ukwethembeka nokwethembeka kubaluleke kakhulu kunolwazi oluningi.
Qala Okuncane
Qala lapho ukhululekile khona, futhi uma ushayela ucingo noma ukhuluma obala uzizwa wesabeka, uqala ngokubhala, futhi usebenzise isilinganisi sokuqondisa imicabango yakho ukuze uxoxe nomholi wendawo futhi uqinisekise indawo othumela kuyo imiyalezo edeskini lawo. Ayikho indlela "elungile" yokuhlanganyela ``izindlela ezikusebenzelayo futhi zakhe ukuzethemba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Umphumela Wokwenza Isivumelwano Sendawo
Ukuqonda ukuthi kungani izindaba zakho zokuhlanganyela zingakushukumisela ukuba uhlale uthembisene futhi kukusiza ukuba uqonde ithonya langempela izakhamuzi ezingaba nalo ekubuseni kwendawo.
Ithonya eliqondile likahulumeni wendawo
Umsebenzi wabo uthinta indlela abantu abaphila ngayo phakathi kukamasipala nendlela izinkonzo ezibalulekile njengomthetho wendawo ezilondolozwa futhi zisekelwe ngayo. Izinqumo zikahulumeni wendawo zithinta ukuphila kwakho kwansuku zonke kunokuthinta imibuso noma uhulumeni ezimweni eziningi.
Injongo kahulumeni wendawo iwukulungiselela isimiso esihleliwe lapho imikhandlu isebenzisa khona amandla ayo nemithwalo yayo yemfanelo yokusebenza ndawonye ukuze kutholakale ukuthula, ukuhleleka nokubusa okuhle kwezifunda zikamasipala, futhi njengengxenye yemisebenzi yayo, abakhandlu kulindeleke ukuba basebenzele ukuthuthukisa inhlalakahle yezenhlalo, ezomnotho, nemvelo nokuhlala kwayo isesimweni esihle ukuze kuzuze isifundazwe sabo.
Izindaba Ezinengqondo Zokukhishwa Kwenkulumo
Njengoba ungazibuza noma imuphi umphathi wenhlangano `Ilungu lakho noma ilungu lesishaya-mthetho lenza kanjani izinqumo?' futhi basho ukuthi badinga ukwazi lokho abavoti abacabanga khona, futhi bazi kanjani lokho abavoti abakucabangayo? Abavoti kumelwe babonise hhayi nje kuphela ukuvota kodwa ukuziveza.
Ngisho noma ummisi-mthetho wakho engakusekeli manje ukuma kwakho, ukuxhumana nabo nokuveza ukukhathazeka kwakho kuyindlela enhle yokubeka impikiswano yakho kumshini wabo weradar. Abameleli balandelela ukuxhumana okuzimele futhi basebenzise lesi simo ukuze bahlole umbono womphakathi nezinto eziza kuqala.
Ukwakha Imiphakathi Eqinile
Lapho izakhamuzi zihlanganyela ngenkuthalo nabameleli bazo, zisiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi uhulumeni usasabela, ulandisa futhi ugxile ezidingweni zomphakathi.
Amalungu omkhandlu aphumelelayo akhuthaza labo abawahlanganyelayo ukuba bahileleke ngenkuthalo ezindabeni zomphakathi futhi bakhuthaze ukubambisana phakathi kwamalungu omphakathi.
Izinyathelo Eziwusizo Zokuqala Namuhla
Nazi izinyathelo eziqinile ongazithatha ukuze uqale ukuhlanganyela ekubuseni kwendawo.
Isinyathelo Sokuqala: Zazi Abameleli Bakho
Sebenzisa amathuluzi e-inthanethi anjenge-USA.gov's ukhombo lwezikhulu olukhethiwe ukuze uthole ukuthi ubani onimelela endaweni yakini. Yenza uhlu oluhlanganisa amalungu omkhandlu wedolobha, abaphathi besifunda noma amakhomishane, amalungu ebhodi yesikole, nanoma imuphi ummeleli wesifunda okhethekile.
Phawula izabelo zabo zekomiti nezindawo abazogxila kuzo ukuze zikusize uqondise izinto eziqondile kubameleli abafanelekayo.
Isinyathelo Sesibili: Hlala Unolwazi
Zibophelele ku-imeyili kahulumeni wendawo yakini yokubhala ama-imeyili noma amapheshana. Landela amanxusa ezokuxhumana. Hlola ingosi ye-webhusayithi yedolobha lakho noma yesifunda sezwe ukuze uthole izihlokwana zemihlangano nemizuzu. Zisayine ukuze uthole izixwayiso ngezindaba ezithinta wena.
Funda imithombo yezindaba yendawo ukuze uhlale ukhona ezindabeni zomphakathi nasezenzweni zikahulumeni. Ukuqonda okwenzeka emphakathini wakini kukusiza ukuba usebenzise ngokuphumelelayo futhi uqaphele amathuba okufaka.
Isinyathelo 3: Yiba Nomhlangano
Khetha umkhandlu wedolobha ozayo, ibhodi yesifunda, noma umhlangano wesikole futhi ube khona. Akudingeki ukuba ukhulume(-*-kalula uqaphele ukuze ufunde ukuthi imihlangano isebenza kanjani nokuthi idingida miphi imibuzo. Bukezani uhlelo kusengaphambili ukuze nikwazi okumelwe nikulindele.
Ohulumeni abaningi bendawo manje banikeza cishe izindlela zokuya noma imihlangano ehlala emigwaqweni, okwenza ukuba ukuhlanganyela kutholakale. Basebenzise kahle lezi zinketho uma kunzima ukuba khona kwabo bangaba khona.
Isinyathelo 4: Hlanganyela
Khetha umagazini owukhathalelayo futhi uthintane nommeleli wakho. Qala ukuthi iyiphi indlela ezwakala ingcono kakhulu (i-email, ucingo, noma incwadi. Gcina umyalezo wakho ufingqa, ucacile, futhi ugxile ekukhathazekeni kwakho okukhethekile.
Khumbula ukuziveza njengomunye, chaza ukuma kwakho ngokucacile, chaza ukuthi kungani umbandela ubalulekile kuwe, futhi ucele isenzo esithile noma impendulo. Ungadangali uma ungatholi impendulo esheshayo.
Isinyathelo Sesihlanu: Yakha Ithuba Lokwenza Izivumelwano
Yenzani izivumelwano zomphakathi zibe umkhuba ovamile kunokuba ube isenzakalo esisodwa, zibekele umgomo wokuya okungenani emhlanganweni owodwa ngekota, uthintane nabameleli bakho ngezindaba ezibalulekile futhi uhlale wazi ngemisebenzi kahulumeni wendawo.
Cabangela ukuhlanganyela nenhlangano yomakhelwane, inhlangano yomphakathi, noma iqembu lobushiqela eligxile ezindabeni ozikhathalelayo.
Imithombo Yokuqhubeka Ufunda Nokuhlanganyela
Izinhlangano nengcebo eningi zingakusiza ukuba ujulise ukuqonda kwakho uhulumeni wendawo futhi uthuthukise amakhono akho okuthembisana uhulumeni.
Imithombo Kahulumeni
Ingosi kahulumeni yendawo yakho isebenza njengethuluzi eliyinhloko lokwaziswa ngabameleli, imihlangano, izinkonzo nezinqubo.Izingosi eziningi zihlanganisa amarekhodi okuxhumana, amakhalenda okuhlangana, amaphepha okuhlela nokuchaza ukuthi ungahlanganyela kanjani ezinqubweni ezihlukahlukene.
Izinhlangano zikamasipala zikamasipala wesifundazwe namanxusa ezifunda ngokuvamile anikeza imithombo yemfundo mayelana nezakhiwo zikahulumeni wendawo nemisebenzi. Lezi zinhlangano zikhona ukuze zisekele ohulumeni bendawo futhi zinikeza ukwaziswa okutholakala obala.
Izinhlangano Zemfundo Eziyimibukiso
Izinhlangano ezifana ne I-League of Women Voters inikeza ukwaziswa okungaphakele ngohulumeni nokhetho. Ivame ukumema abavoti, inyathelisa abaqondisi, futhi inikeza izinhlelo zokufundisa ngokuhlanganyela komphakathi.
I- i-National League of Cities kanye nezinhlangano ezifanayo zinikeza ingcebo ngokuphathelene nezindaba zikahulumeni wendawo, imikhuba emihle, namathuba okuthembisana kwezakhamuzi. Nakuba zigxile ngokuyinhloko ekusekeleni izikhulu zendawo, lezinhlangano zinikeza ukwaziswa okuwusizo ezakhamuzini ezithembisene.
Izinhlangano Zemithombo Yezindaba Nezomphakathi
Amaphephandaba endawo, iziteshi zomsakazo, kanye namawebhusayithi ezindaba zomphakathi kunikeza inzuzo ebalulekile emisebenzini kahulumeni wendawo. Sekela amaphephandaba endawo ngokubhalisela noma ngokufunda njalo le mithombo — afeza indima ebalulekile ekugcineni izakhamuzi zinolwazi futhi zibheka uhulumeni njengonecala.
Izisekelo zomphakathi, izinhlangano zendawo, namaqembu aqondiswe kahle anikeza amathuba okuhlangana nezinye izakhamuzi ezithembisene ukufunda ngezindaba zendawo. Lezi zinhlangano zivame ukunikeza ukuqeqeshwa, imithombo yezimali, nokusekela ukungenela komphakathi.
Isiphetho: Indima Yakho Embusweni Wentando Yeningi Wendawo
Abameleli bendawo basebenza ezingeni likahulumeni oseduze nezakhamuzi, benza izinqumo ezithinta ngokuqondile ukuphila komphakathi nsuku zonke. Ukuqonda ukuthi bangobani, benzani, nokuthi basebenza kanjani kukunika amandla okuhlanganyela ngokuphumelelayo ekubuseni kwendawo futhi kuqinisekise ukuthi izwi lakho liyazwakala ezindabeni ezithinta wena.
Ukuhlangana nabameleli bendawo akudingi ubuchwepheshe obukhethekile noma izibopho zesikhathi esiningi. Kudinga ukuqaphela ukuthi ubani okumelelayo, ukuqonda indlela yokuxhumana nabo ngokuphumelelayo, nokuzimisela ukwenza ukuba izwi lakho lizwe. Noma uya emhlanganweni owodwa, thumela i-imeyili ngendaba oyikhathalelayo, noma yakha ubuhlobo obuqhubekayo nabameleli bakho, ukuthatha kwakho kuqinisa idemokrasi futhi kusiza ekuthuthukiseni imiphakathi engcono.
Uma uveza, ukhuluma, futhi uhlanganyela izinto ezibaluleke kuwe, ukubusa ngentando yeningi kusebenza. Uhulumeni wendawo unikeza iphuzu lokungena elifinyeleleka kakhulu ekuthembiseni umphakathi, lapho izakhamuzi ngazinye zingaba nethonya langempela khona ezinqumweni ezilawula imiphakathi yazo. Ngokuzinika isikhathi sokwazi abameleli bakho bendawo nendlela abasebenza ngayo, uzihlomisela ukuba ube umhlanganyeli okhuthele, ofundile enqubweni yentando yeningi.
Impilo yentando yeningi yendawo ixhomeke ezakhamuzini eziboshelwe ukuba abameleli bazo balandise, banikeze ukufakwa ezinqumweni ezibalulekile, futhi bahlanganyele emsebenzini oqhubekayo wokubusa komphakathi. Abameleli bakho kudingeka bezwe kuwe /_hayi nje phakathi nokhetho, kodwa phakathi nazo zonke izimfuneko zabo ezisesikhundleni. Qala namuhla ngokubona ukuthi ubani omelela wena, ngokufunda ngezindaba zamanje emphakathini wakini, futhi uzwa izwi lakho. Izindaba zakho zokuhlanganyela, kanye nabameleli bakho bakhona bakhona ukuze bakukhonze wena nomphakathi wakho.