Izinga Lenguquko Zesimiso Zithinta Imisebenzi Yasemadolobheni

Abaphathi bemizi basebenza njengezikhulu eziphethe omasipala, abanomthwalo wokwenza imithetho emiswe yizikhulu ezikhethiwe kuyilapho bengamele imisebenzi yemisebenzi yosuku lwezinsuku nosuku yeminyango yedolobha. Namuhla ukushintsha kwezimiso kuyashintsha. Ukusuka ezivumelwaneni ezintsha, imithetho kahulumeni, imithetho yendawo, noma izahlulelo zomthetho wezomthetho, noma izahlulelo zomthetho, zenza izimpawu zokuhlelwa kwezindawo, ziphinde zihlele izikhulu zemisebenzi, ziphathe izisebenzi, futhi zinikeze izinkonzo zomphakathi. Ngenxa yokuthi idolobha lilawula cishe zonke izici zokuphila komphakathi, kusukela ezingeni eliphezulu leze ekuthuthukeni komphakathi, ngisho nasezingenisweni zezentengosi yemithetho ephansi zingabangela ukukhubazeka kwezentengiselwano. Ukuqonda lezi zinqunywe ngamandla akubalulekile kuphela kubaphathi bedolobha kodwa nabaholi abaholi abahleli abaphambili, abahleli, abaphethe futhi abafuna ukuchuma emiphakathini yabo.

Izinguquko zenqubo azivamile ukuvela ngokuhlukaniswa. Ngokwesibonelo, umthetho omusha wendawo ezungezile, ungadinga ukushintshwa ukuze kwakhiwe imithetho elandelwayo, izinguquko ezinhlelweni zokuphatha udoti, nokuqeqeshwa okwengeziwe kwezikhulu zokugcinwa kwemithetho elandelwayo. Ngokufanayo, ukushintsha kwezindlela zokuxhasa izimali zikahulumeni kungathinta amasu enhloko yedolobha namasu entela yendawo. Ngakho - ke abaphathi bomuzi kumelwe balondoloze ukuqashelwa okukhulu kwezimiso zenqubo kuwo wonke amazinga, babheke phambili ukuthi lezo ziyothinta kanjani imiphakathi yabo, futhi bakhe izimiso zangaphakathi eziguquguqukayo ezingathinta futhi zithathele ezimfuno ezintsha ngaphandle kokuphazamisa izinkonzo ezibalulekile.

Ukusetshenziswa Kwemali Ngaphansi Kwemithetho Emisha

Mhlawumbe ithonya elisheshayo lezinguquko zesimiso emsebenzini wedolobha wansuku zonke lisemkhakheni wokuphatha imali. Izimiso ze-Fiscal . "njengenguquko yentela, ukunikeza izinqumo zezimali, nokulinganisela kwezikweleti ," ngokuqondile kuthonya imifudlana yemali kanye nezindlela zezindleko zomasipala. Uma intela yempahla yendlu yomthetho yentela yanda noma inciphisa izimali ezihlanganyelwayo, abaphathi bedolobha kumelwe baphinde babale imali ekhona kanye nezimali ezihlelwayo zohlelo olungokwendlela. Lokhu kungahilela ukubuyiselwa kwemisebenzi emikhulu, ukukhandleka kakhulu kwemali engadingekile, noma ukukhokhiwa ngempela kweminyango yesimiso esisodwa ukuze kugcinwe ukukhonzwa nokuhlelwa.

Ukuzivumelanisa Nokushintsha Izimfuneko Zokunikela

I-Federal ne-odoli banikeza izimali zokusebenza ezikhethekile kanye nezimo zokulalela. Uma izinqubo zishintsha lezi zimfuneko, amamenenja edolobha kumelwe aphinde athathe imisebenzi eqhubekayo futhi kwezinye izimo, abuye abuye afune izimali noma afune iziphakamiso. Ngokwesibonelo, izimali ezintsha zezemisebenzi yezemisebenzi kahulumeni zingahlela ukuvuselela indawo ezungezile, zifune ukuba amadolobha afake izinto eziluhlaza zokwakha emigwaqweni nasemikhakheni yamabhulo eyayihlelwe ukusebenzisa izindlela ezivamile. Umphathi wedolobha kumelwe asebenze nonjiniyela, amanani, kanye neseluleko esingokomthetho sokulungisa izakhiwo, izivumelwano, nezikhathi, konke okumelwe kulungiswe izakhiwo zedolobha nezindawo ezikhona lapho kugcinwa izinqumo zomphakathi zitshelwa umphakathi.

Iziqiwi Eziwusizo Nokuvumelana Nesimo

Ukuze banciphise ama-fiscal DEVC, abaphathi abaningi bedolobha basekela ukulondoloza imali enempilo egciniwe engathatha izinqubo ezisheshayo ezishaqisayo. Nokho, ngisho neziqiwiso zezindawo zifika nezithikamezo ezimisiwe: ezinye izifunda-masipala zemali zingalinganisela ukuthi zingaba malini ekubekeni ama-akhawunti angahlelwanga. Ushintsho lwenqubo ekhulula noma eqinisa leyomingcele luthinta ngokuqondile ikhono lomphathi wedolobha lokuhlela ukungaqiniseki. Ukuveza izibikezeli zemali zeminyaka eminingi ezihlanganisa izenzakalo ezihlukahlukene zemithetho kuba yithuluzi elibucayi lokulungisa lezinguquko.

Amandla Okusebenza Nemithombo Yengcebo Yabantu

Izinguquko zenqubo ezihlobene nomthetho wemisebenzi, ukusebenzelana kwezisebenzi, nezinzuzo zomphakathi zinemiphumela ejulile, esebenzayo kubaphathi bedolobha. Ngokwesibonelo, umthetho omusha okhokhelwayo, ungathinta iholo lezisebenzi zedolobha ngokwengxenye yesikhathi, njengezisebenzi zasepaki noma izikhungo zomphakathi. Izinguquko eziningi eziyinkimbinkimbi, njengokushintsha imithetho engaphezulu ngaphansi kwe-Moir Labor Standard Act noma izimfuneko ezintsha zombuso zokukhokha ikhefu elikhokhelwayo, zidinga abaphathi bedolobha ukuba balungise izimiso zezisebenzi, balungise izimiso zokugcina isikhathi, kanye nezinhloko zezinhlangano zezemisebenzi ezimfushane eziboshelwayo.

Ukuzigcina Usukhulile Futhi Uzindla Ngako

Emakethe yezisebenzi encintisanayo, izinguquko zezimiso zinganquma futhi ikhono ledolobha lokudonsa nokugcina iziphiwo. Umthetho uthinta izinzuzo zempesheni, ukuthengiselana amalungelo ezisebenzi, noma ukulingana kwemisebenzi eqeshiwe kungase kwenze umsebenzi womphakathi ube muhle kakhulu uma uqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela zomsebenzi zomuntu siqu. Abaphathi bedolobha kumelwe balinganisele isidingo sokunikeza amaphakethe okuncintisana kanye nokungakhokhelwa kwemali yabo egciniwe nezimiso ezingokomthetho. Bavame ukusebenza eduze nabaphathi bemithombo yabantu kanye nabameleli benyunyana ukuze bahlanganise izibo zomphakathi ezidinga kokubili izimfuneko zesimiso kanye nezisebenzi.

Ukuqeqeshwa Nokuthuthuka Kwezobuchwepheshe

Uma imithetho ifuna amakhono amasha noma izingqwembe ze-inthanethi zokuqeqeshelwa izisebenzi ze-IT noma amasu okukhuculula amahhovisi amaphoyisa (_imenenja yemoto" kumele iqondise izimiso zokuqeqesha, ukunikezela, nokuqinisekisa ukuqedwa kwemali. Lo msebenzi osebenzayo ungaba yinselele emadolobheni amakhulu lapho amakhulu ezisebenzi edinga ukuqeqeshwa ngaphakathi kwefasitela elifushane. Amapulatifomu anjengezimiso zokuqondisa (LMS) angasiza, kodwa ukusetshenziswa kudinga ukuhola nokwengamelelwa kwehhovisi lomphathi wedolobha.

Ukudlulisa Inkonzo Nokulungisa Ukuphepha Komphakathi

Ama-pluging ahloselwe ukuthuthukisa izinkonzo zomphakathi ngokuvamile aguqula izinqubo ezisebenza kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, izinguquko ezisemithethweni yokuphatha udoti zingadinga idolobha ukuba lisebenzise ubuchwepheshe obusha bokubuyisela udoti, ukulungisa izindlela zokuqoqa, noma ukufundisa izakhamuzi ngokungcoliswa. Ngokufanayo, izinguquko zokuphepha komphakathi cishe ukusebenzisa izimiso zekhamera zomzimba noma ukushintsha ekusebenziseni izindinganiso zempoqo.

Izinto Zokuhamba Nezithukuthelisa

Isimiso sokuhamba siyashintsha, kungaba esilinganisweni sombuso (imithetho yezimoto emisha) noma isilinganiso sikahulumeni (izimali ezibekwa phambili), singabuyisela indlela yedolobha yokulungisa umgwaqo, ukuthutha, nokuphepha kwabahamba ngezinyawo. Abaphathi bedolobha kungase kudingeke bahambisane neziphathimandla zesifunda, ukuhlela isikhathi sezimpawu zezimoto, nokuhlela izinqamulo zezimoto ukuze zihambisane nezindinganiso ezintsha zokusetshenziswa kokuthola noma kokusetshenziswa kwemisebenzi eminingi. Lemininingwane esebenzayo, nakuba ingabonakali njalo emphakathini, ibalulekile ekulondolozeni ukuhamba kahle nokuphumelela edolobheni.

Ukuhlalisana Kwendawo Ezungezile Nempilo Yomphakathi

Izimiso ezintsha zendawo ezungezile − njengezindinganiso eziqinile zezinga lomoya noma izimfuneko zokubuyisela amapayipi ezisebenzayo − faka ukucindezeleka okukhulu kwezemisebenzi yezemishini yedolobha naseminyangweni yomphakathi. Amamenenja edolobha kumelwe avumelane namapulani okuthuthukisa amazuku amaningi ngezikhathi ezidlule, ngokuvamile afune ukuxhasa ngaphandle noma ukwakha amaqembu angomakhelwane ukuze ahlanganyele izindleko. Umqedazwe we-COVID-19 wabonisa indlela izimiso zempilo zomphakathi ezingangena ngayo ngokushesha kuzo zonke izici zemisebenzi yedolobha, kusukela ekuvulweni kabusha kwezakhiwo zedolobha ukuya ekulungiseni izinkonzo zomtapo ukuze kuhlanganelwe ukusakaza izindleko zomjovo.

Ukuphoqelela Imithetho Nezinselele Ezingokomthetho

Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi wonke umnyango wedolobha unamathela ezimisweni ezintsha umsebenzi oqhubekayo, ongenisa inzuzo. Izinguquko zenqubo zingathinta imvume yendawo ezungezile, ukuhlolwa kwezindawo, izinqumo zokwakha, izinqubo zokuphatha, nezokuvikela ukwaziswa. Umphathi wedolobha kumelwe aqinisekise ukuthi izisebenzi ziqonda izimfuneko ezintsha nokuthi izinqubo zangaphakathi zihlelwa ngokushesha ukuze kugwenywe ukulahlekelwa yimali.

Ukusingatha Izingozi Ngemikhankaso Yokusetshenziswa Kwezimiso

Imenenja yedolobha eningi iqhuba izinqubo zokuhlola njalo ukuze ibone izikhawu phakathi kwemikhuba yamanje kanye nezindinganiso zomthetho ezivelayo. Ngokwesibonelo, umthetho kazwelonke onweba izimfuneko zokuhlangana ezivulekile ungadinga izinguquko endleleni izikhungo zomkhandlu wedolobha ezihlelwayo futhi ziveze imizuzu. Umphathi wedolobha kungadingeka asebenze nomphathi wedolobha ukuze alungise izinqubo, amalungu omkhandlu wesitimela, futhi afake imali ekwazini ukutshala i-software entsha yokusakaza. Lokhu kulungisa okubonakala kuncane, uma kwanda kakhulu ezindaweni eziningi zezimiso, kuhlanganisa ingxenye ebalulekile yomsebenzi wesikhulu sedolobha.

Ukuzikhohlisa Nesenzo Esilingayo

Uma izinguquko zenqubo zididana noma ziphikisana, abaphathi bedolobha bangase babhekane nezinselele zomthetho ezivela ezakhamuzini, emabhizinisini, noma emaqenjini okuphatha izigebengu. Ukubukeza okungokomthetho okungokwesiko. (ngokuvamile) nokubambisana nommeli wedolobha ngokusiza ekumangalelweni ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi amasu okusungula asemthethweni ayanqandwa. Kwezinye izimo, abaphathi bedolobha nabo bangenela ukubhalisa umthetho, benikeza izikhulu ezobuchwepheshe izikhulu ezikhetha imiphumela esebenzayo yezinguquko zenqubo ezihlongoziwe ngaphambi kokuba zibe umthetho.

Ubuchwepheshe Njengethuluzi Lokulungisa Inqubo

Amamenenja amadolobha anamuhla ancika kakhulu kwezobuchwepheshe ukuze ahambisane nezinguquko ezingokwenqubo. Ukuhlelwa kwemitapo (ERP), izimiso zezwe, izimiso zokwaziswa (GIS), kanye namathuluzi okuthungatha umsebenzi kungahlola ukulandelelana kokwaziswa, kunciphise ukungena kwemininingwane yezandla, futhi akhiqize imibiko yangempela yabenzi besinqumo. Ngokwesibonelo, uma uhlelo olusha ludinga ukulandelela ukukhishwa kwe-carbon ezimotweni zasedolobheni, i-software yokuqondisa imikhumbi ingadingeka ukuze iqoqe futhi ihlaziye ukwaziswa.

Ukubusa Kwemininingwane Nezindaba Zomuntu Siqu

Izinguquko ezingokwenqubo mayelana nemininingwane eyimfihlo − njengezenzo zikahulumeni zokuthungatha izimfihlo shwqe, zithinta nendlela amadolobha aqoqa ngayo, agcina, futhi axoxela abanye ngokwaziswa. Amamenenja amadolobha aqinisekisa ukuthi abathengisi bawo bobuchwepheshe bavumelana nezindinganiso ezintsha nokuthi izinqubo zangaphakathi zokusingatha ukwaziswa zivuselelwe. Lokhu kuvame ukuhlanganisa ukubambisana ne-IT abaqondisi kanye neseluleko somthetho sokuphatha imiphumela yasese nokubukeza izimiso zemfihlo ezisebenza obala.

Ukubeletha Kwenkonzo Yezinombolo

Imithetho eshintshayo ekhuthaza ushintsho lwezinombolo − njengaleyo yokwakha nge-inthanethi ivumela ukuholelwa noma imihlangano yomphakathi engakhanya ngokuphumelelayo kodwa futhi idinga ukutshala imali eshisiwe engaphambili. Abaphathi bedolobha kumelwe bahlole izindleko zamathuluzi anjalo ngokumelene nezinye izinto eziza kuqala ezixhaswa ngemali, futhi kumelwe balawule inqubo yoshintsho kubo bobabili izisebenzi nezakhamuzi okungenzeka abazijwayele izimiso ezintsha.

Ukwakha Imisebenzi Yesakhelo Ewusizo

Uma beqaphela ukuthi ushintsho lwenqubo luvame kangakanani futhi alubikezeli, abaphathi bedolobha abanakumane bathathe isinyathelo ngemfuneko ngayinye entsha njengoba ivela. Kunalokho, bakha izisekelo ezigcizelela ukuvumelana nezimo, ukuqaqeka, nokuhlelwa kwezenzakalo. Lokhu kungahilela ukwakha iqembu elisheshayo phakathi kwezindawo eziphethe idolobha elingahlola izinguquko futhi lihlongoze ukufezeka kwamalungiselelo phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa, kunokuba kuqalwe amasonto.

Ukuvumelana Okungokwengqondo

Izinguquko zenqubo azivamile ukuthinta umnyango owodwa kuphela. Ngokwesibonelo, imvume entsha yokuthola indawo ethengwayo, ingadinga ukubambisana phakathi kokuhlela, imisebenzi yomphakathi, ukuthuthuka kwezomnotho, kanye nehhovisi lommeli ledolobha. Abaphathi bamadolobha bavame ukuhlanganisa amabutho emisebenzi ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi yonke imiqondo ehlobene nesele ukuba kusetshenziswe ushintsho kuphela. Lendlela yokubambisana inciphisa ukuhlelwa kwemizamo futhi isize ekuboneni izingxabano ezingase zivele zikhona.

Impucuko Eqhubekayo

Ngokuthuthukisa isiko lentuthuko eqhubekayo, abaphathi bedolobha bangafaka ukuvumelana nezinhlangano zabo. Izisebenzi ezikhuthazayo ukuhlongoza ukusungulwa kwezinhlelo, ukuziphatha ngemva kokuthatha iqhaza lokusetshenziswa kwenqubo, nokuhlanganyela izifundo ezifundwe eminyangweni eklanyelwe kangcono ukusingatha izinguquko zesikhathi esizayo. Abaphathi abaningi bamadolobha futhi baphishekela intuthuko yobuchwepheshe ngezinhlangano ezinjenge International City/Compality Management Association (ICMA) ukuze bahlale benolwazi ngemikhuba emihle kakhulu kanye nemikhuba eyandayo.

Ukukhulumisana Okuhlelekile Nokuhlanganyela Esontweni

Ushintsho lwezenqubo lungadida noma luphazamise kokubili izisebenzi zasedolobheni nomphakathi. Ikhono lomphathi wedolobha lokukhuluma ngemiqondo, isikhathi, kanye nethonya elilindelekile loshintsho lubalulekile ukuze kugcinwe ukwethembana nokufezeka okushelelayo. Lokhu kuhilela ukwenza ama-imeyili acacile, imisebenzi, izimemezelo zomphakathi, kanye nokunikeza imihlangano yasehholo noma i-inthanethi yokufuna izimpendulo ngokuqondile.

Ukukhulumisana Kwangaphakathi

Abaqashwa kudingeka baqonde ukuthi iyini indlela entsha, kodwa futhi nendlela ethinta ngayo umsebenzi wabo wansuku zonke kanye nokusekela abangakulindela. Amamenenja amadolobha avame ukubamba zonke izilinganiso zezisebenzi, adale amabhukwana, futhi akhethe abadlali abaphezulu abakwazi ukuxoxa ngemibuzo futhi banikeze isiqondiso sezandla. Lokhu kucacile kwangaphakathi kunciphisa ukwenqaba namaphutha phakathi nezikhathi zokushintsha.

Ukuhlanganyela Kwangaphandle

Kumphakathi obanzi, abaphathi bedolobha basebenza nezikhulu zomphakathi ukuze zinikeze izivulo zezindaba ezifike ngesikhathi ngewebhusayithi yedolobha, imithombo yezokuxhumana, nezindawo zokudayisa. Uma ushintsho lwenqubo luthinta izinkonzo zezihluthulelo zesisimo se-"njengendawo entsha yamanzi noma amahora ashintshiwe epaki-"imenenja yedolobha iqinisekisa ukuthi izinto zokuthola ukwaziswa zitholakala ngezilimi eziningi namafomethi. Ababambi beminyango bangaveza futhi izinto eziwusizo okungenzeka ukuthi azilindele ngesikhathi sokulungisa inqubo, ukuvumela idolobha ukuba lilungise izindlela zokulungisa izinhlelo ngaphambi kokuba izinkinga zikhule.

Isiphetho: Indima Eshintshayo Yabaphathi Bamadolobha

Izinguquko zenqubo akuzona nje izenzakalo zangaphandle abaphathi bedolobha okumelwe bathathe inyathelo kuzo; ziyingxenye eyisisekelo yendawo ebusa kuyo amadolobha anamuhla. Ikhono lokubona, ukuchaza, nokusebenzisa izimiso ezintsha ngokuphumelelayo futhi ngokuphumelelayo lihlukanisa abaphathi bedolobha abaphumelelayo kulabo abalwa nobunzima benguquko eqhubekayo. Ngokuqinisa ukuhleleka kwemali, ukutshala imali entuthukweni yomsebenzi, ubuchwepheshe bokuthuthukisa ukuxhumana okucacile, abaphathi bedolobha bangaguqula izinselele zenqubo zibe amathuba okuthuthukisa umsebenzi nokwethenjwa komphakathi.

Njengoba amadolobha ebhekene nezimpikiswano eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu mayelana nokuzivumelanisa kwesimo sezulu nokungalingani kwezomnotho kuya ekushintsheni kwezezinombolo, indima yomphathi wedolobha izoqhubeka isuka ekuziphendukeleni. Labo abathatha indlela esebenzayo nesebenzayo yokulawula inqubo bayo bayobekwa kahle kakhulu ekuholeni imiphakathi yabo ngokungenathemba futhi ibheke esikhathini esizayo esiqinile. Ukuze bafunde okwengeziwe ngemikhuba emihle kakhulu ekuphathwa uhulumeni wendawo, i-International City/Coriality Management Association (ICMA) inikeza imithombo ebanzi yokuzivumelanisa nezimiso zemithetho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-National League of Cities (NLC) inikeza izinqubo ye-Provies Association ye-Provies (GOA) eveza isiqondiso senqubo yemithetho kahulumeni yendawo yokulungisa inguquko.