Umfutho Okhulayo Ezimisweni Zamanzi Ahlanzekile

Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kushintsha umjikelezo weplanethi owehlayo. Njengoba amazinga okushisa embulunga yonke ekhuphukile cishe ngamazinga acishe abe 1.1°C ngaphezu kwenkathi yangaphambi kwe-indus, amandla omkhathi okugcina umswakama akhuphuke cishe ngamaphesenti angu-7 ngesilinganiso sesilinganiselo. Lokhu kushintsha komzimba kubangela izenzakalo zemvula ezinkulu kwezinye izindawo kuyilapho kuqinisa ukuhwamuka kwesomiso nesomiso kwezinye izindawo. Umphumela uba ukuthi kumanzi ahamba kokubili ezindaweni ezithile nakweminye imithombo yemvelo, kanye neminye imiphumela ehambisana nezindawo zomhlaba nemvelo.

Amanzi ayindlela ebonakala kakhulu ngayo imiphumela yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Izikhukhula, isomiso, ukunyuka kweqhwa, ukuncibilika kwazo zonke zisongela ukutholakala nokuqina kwamanzi ahlanzekile. Kuhulumeni bezizwe, lezinguquko zibangela ukuncishiswa kwezimiso zamanzi akhiwe isikhathi eside ahlelelwe isimo sezulu esizinzile. Umbono wakudala wokuthi izindlela zomlando ziyoqhubeka awusakwazi ukunyakaza. Abenzi bemithetho manje bahlela ikusasa eliwukubekela inselele izakhiwo ezikhona, izisekelo ezingokomthetho, nezakhiwo zokubusa.

Indlela Isimo Sezulu Esishintsha Ngayo Imithombo Yamanzi Ngokuqondile

Ukushintsha Indlela Yokuhamba Kwangaphambili

Enye yemiphumela eshesha kakhulu yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu ukushintsha kwezindawo zokudla kwemvula. Izifunda kakade ezithambekele ekomileni, njengase-Mediterranean, eningizimu-Afrika, naseningizimu - ntshonalanga yeNyakatho Melika, zibona zizala emvuleni yemvula evamile [[ futhi zivame kakhulu ukuvela. Ngokungafani, izindawo ezinjengeSahel nezindawo zaseNingizimu Asia zithola izimvula ezinkulu kakhulu, okuholela ezikhukhuleni ezinkulu zenhlekelele. Ngisho nasezweni elilodwa, ukusakazwa kwemvula kungashintsha ngokuphawulekayo, kudala ukunqoba nokulahlekelwa kwamanzi ezwe lonke.

Ukuhwamuka Kwemvula Nokulahleka Kwenhlabathi

Amazinga okushisa aphakeme andisa izinga lokuphefumula kwenhlabathi ekhipha iqhwa, uhlaza, namanzi avulekile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngisho noma ingqikithi yemvula ingashintshi, amanzi ambalwa akhona ezivunweni, emvelo, nasemathunjini okugcina imithombo. Ezifundeni eziningi zezolimo, inkathi yokukhula isiye yafinyelelwa inciphe ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa kwesidingo sakuqala sokukhuliswa kweqhwa kanye nokunciphiswa kwenhlabathi. Abalimi kufanele bazivumelanise ngokushintshashintsha kwezinsuku zokutshala, ngokusebenzisa izitshalo ezisiza isomiso, noma ukutshala ithengwa kwemali engcono kakhulu kwemali edingekayo.

Ukuncibilikisa Amaglasi Nokushintsha Kweqhwa

Abantu abacishe babe izigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezimbili bancike emanzini asuka eziqwini zeqhwa naseqhweni lenkathi ethile. E-Himalaya, e-Andes, nase-Rockes, izinguzunga zeqhwa ziyanyamalala ngamazinga angakaze abonwe ngaphambili. Lokhu kwandisa umfula ngenkathi efushane njengoba iqhwa lincibilika, kodwa uma iqhwa seliphelile, isikhathi sokoma sincipha kakhulu. Kumazwe anjengePeru, iNdiya, nePakistan, ukulahleka kweziphethuthilo zeqhwa kusongela ukuthenjelwa kwamanzi amadolobha, amandla emvula, nezolimo. Izimiso zesizwe ezake zakhabaza ukugcinwa kwamanzi aphakeme kakhulu manje kumelwe zihlanganise ubuqiniso bokuvuvuka kwe-atchopound.

Ukuphakama Kwezinga Lolwandle Nokunqwabelana Kwamanzi Anosawoti

Ama-aquifer asogwini asengozini enkulu yokungena emanzini anosawoti njengoba amazinga olwandle enyuka futhi amanzi enyuka. Izifunda ezisezansi juleni kwamanzi, njenge-Mekong Delta eVietnam neGanges-Brahmaputra Delta eBangladesh, zibhekene nosongo oluphindwe kabili: ukuncipha kokutholakala kwamanzi emanzini asemanzini angena emanzini angena emanzini asemfuleni nasemanzini angaphansi komhlaba. Izimiso zamanzi kumazwe angaphansi kwamanzi manje kumelwe zixhume ukuphathwa kogu lolwandle, ukulawulwa kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezindlela zokuthuthukisa isimo sezulu ezazingahlali ezindaweni ezingokomlando.

Ithonya Lamahlelo Asemqoka Asekela Amanzi

Ukulondeka Kwezolimo Nokudla

Izibalo zezolimo ziveza cishe amaphesenti angu-70 okukhishwa kwamanzi angenamanzi anele embulungeni yonke, futhi iyingxenye echayeke ngokuqondile ekuhlukahlukaneni kwesimo sezulu. Ukushintsha kokutholakala kwamanzi nokushisa kuthinta ngokuqondile ukukhiqizwa kwezitshalo, ukukhiqizwa kwemfuyo, nempilo yokudoba. Emazweni amaningi asathuthuka, abalimi bathembele kwezolimo zemvula ezivundlile, okubenza babe sengozini enkulu yokushintshashintsha kwezinkathi zemvula kanye nokungangeni kakhulu komzimba. Izimiso zamanzi zihlobene kakhulu nenqubo yokulima, ngokugxila ekuthuthukiseni intuthuko yezindlela zokuthuthukisa imikhiqizo yamanzi, ukuthuthukisa izinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo zesomiso, nokuthuthukisa isivuno sesomiso esilawula isomiso esilawula isomiso. Nokho, ukuncithanga izindleko zokuxhasa imvula ezikhona ngenxa yokulahlekelwa kwezindawo kanye nokunganele kwezobuchwepheshe.

Ukukhiqizwa Kwamandla

I-hydropower ilungiselela cishe amaphesenti angu-16 kagesi womhlaba, futhi amazwe amaningi athembele kuyo ukuze athole ingxenye enkulu yamandla axubanayo. Ukugeleza komfula owehlayo namazinga angaphansi enqolobaneni kunciphisa amandla kagesi esizukulwane. Ngokwesibonelo, e-Brazil, isomiso esikhulu ngo-2021 saphoqa izwe ukuba landise ukushisa kwamandla ashisayo, ukukhuphuka nokusetshenziswa kukagesi. Ngokuphambene, izitshalo ezinamandla ashisayo ezithembele emanzini ukuze zipholise ukunciphisa lapho amanzi enyuka noma lapho umfula ugeleza kakhulu unciphisa intengo yamandla okuvimbela ukukhishwa. Ngakho, izimiso zesizwe nezimiso zamanzi kumelwe zihlangane ukuze ziqinisekise kokubili ukulondeka komoya nokusetshenziswa kwamanzi.

Impilo Nokulondeka Komuntu

Izenzakalo zezulu ezinkulu kakhulu .floods, iziphepho, nesomiso esithatha isikhathi eside . "Izinkonzo zokukhuculula indle". Ezindaweni zasemadolobheni, imvula enkulu ingagquma izimiso zokukhuculula indle, kuholele ekungalahlweni kwendle ekhucululwayo ezindaweni zasemaphandleni. Ezindaweni zasemaphandleni, isomiso singaphoqelela abantu ukuba bathembele emithonjeni engaphephile, ukwandisa ingozi yezifo ezithwalwa amanzi njengekholera ne-thayidium. Inhlangano yezwe Lezempilo ilinganisela ukuthi ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kuyoba nezingozi ezengeziwe ngonyaka phakathi kuka-2030 no-2050, eziningi ezibangelwa yizimbangela zamanzi. Izimiso zamanzi zamanzi zihlanganisa ukulungiselela impilo yomphakathi, ukuqinisa izakhiwo, nemfundo yomphakathi zibalulekile ekunciphiseni lezingozi.

Ukusabela Kobuzwe: Ukuvumelanisa Isimo Samanzi Nesimo Esishintshayo

Amazwe emhlabeni wonke alungisa kabusha imithetho yawo yamanzi, izimiso zokuqondisa, nezinto eziza kuqala ekubekeni imali ukuze kuxazululwe isimo sezulu esishintshayo.

Ukuqinisa Ukulondolozwa Kwamanzi Nokuphumelela Kwawo

Amazwe amaningi aye asungula izinyathelo zokulondoloza amanzi , ikakhulukazi kwezolimo nasemadolobheni. Kwa-Israel, ukunisela ngenkasa okuphambili nokusetshenziswa kwamanzi kuvumela izwe ukuba linciphise ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi okutshalwayo kuyilapho likhula. I-Murray-Darling Basin Plan, eyakhiwa ngemva kweminyaka yesomiso esinzima, ihlanganisa izimiso zokuhweba ngamanzi ezabela amazi asetshenziswayo amanani aphakeme kakhulu lapho kuvikelwa indawo ezungezile. Lezi zibonelo zibonisa ukuthi ukulondoloza imvelo akuyona nje indlela yokusebenzisa isivuno kodwa futhi nangokudala izisusa zezomnotho nezokuqondisa ukuziphatha okuphumelelayo.

Ukuzuza Iziyalezo Zokugcina Nokusakaza

Amadamu amasha, izitshalo zokususa amanzi, izakhiwo zokuthutha amanzi, kanye nezindawo zokuvuselela amanzi angaphansi komhlaba zakhiwa ukuze zivimbele ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu. ICalifornia, njengoba kuphawulwe esihlokweni sokuqala, iye yasebenzisa kakhulu ukususa nokubuyisela amanzi emanzini. ISingapore, izakhiwo zamanzi ezihamba-hamba-nyaka, isungula isimiso esiyinkimbinkimbi se "amatapu amane esizwe" aphuma kwamanye amazwe, ukufinyela amanzi asendaweni, ukuwabamba, ukuwabulala okuthathekayo (Neyater), nokuwasusa. Nokho, izakhiwo ezinjalo zingenisa inhloko yendlu futhi zingathatha amashumi eminyaka ukukhula. Izimiso zesizwe kumelwe zithuthukise imisebenzi evumelanayo, izindleko, nezindawo ezihambisana nezindawo zezulu ezikude ezingaphandle, futhi ezihlanganisayo ezihlanganisa isimo sezulu.

Ukuphathwa Kwemithombo Yamanzi Exutshiwe (IWRM)

IWRM iyinqubo ethuthukisa ukuthuthukiswa nokulawulwa kwamanzi, umhlaba, kanye nemithombo ehlobene nayo ukuze yandise inhlalakahle engokomnotho nezenhlalo ngaphandle kokuhlehla kwezimiso zendawo ezungezile. Ngaphansi kokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, i-IWRM iba bucayi nakakhulu ngoba iphoqelela abenzi besinqumo ukuba bacabangele ukusebenzelana phakathi kwabasebenzisi bamanzi abahlukene naphakathi kwemisebe yamanzi naphakathi kwezimiso zamanzi asemhlabeni. IZizwe Ezihlangene zibika ukuthi cishe 76% yamazwe anezinhlelo ze-IWRM endaweni yayo, kodwa ukusetshenziswa kwayo ngokuvamile akuphelele ngenxa yezinhlangano ezibuthakathaka, ukubhidliza kwezindawo, nokungasamukeli izimali. Ukuqinisa amandla ezinhlangano zezinhlangano zezinhlangano nokuqinisekisa ukuhlangana kwamanzi okuhamba ngaphansi komhlaba kuyizihluzo ezisebenzayo.

Ukuhlola Izimiso Zokuxwayisa Nokushesha

Imininingwane enembile ngemvula, umfula ugeleza, amazinga amanzi angaphansi kwamanzi, neqhwa ibalulekile ekulawuleni imithombo yamanzi esimweni sezulu esiguquguqukayo. Amazwe amaningi andisa izinqubo zawo zokuhlola nokutshala imishini esekelwe kuyi-tellite. Izimiso ezixwayisayo zokuqala zesomiso nezikhukhula zivumela ohulumeni ukuba banikeze izixwayiso, babangele ukusabela okuphuthumayo, futhi banikeze imithombo yemithombo ngaphambi kokuba izinhlekelele zivele. Ngokwesibonelo, uMnyango weMeteorological wezwe laseNdiya manje ubeka izibikezelo zezenzakalo zemvula eziyingozi, okwenza iziphathimandla zendawo zikwazi ukuqeda izakhamuzi ezisengozini. Izimiso zesizwe ezisekela izimiso zokuhlola izinhlekelele ziyindlela ephumelelayo yokunciphisa ukuwohloka kwesimo sezulu nezomnotho zamanzi ancishisiwe.

Isifundo sesehlo: Ukushintsha kwenqubo yamanzi yase California

ICalifornia iye yaba indawo yokucwaninga yokuhlola inqubo yamanzi ngaphansi kokucindezela kwesimo sezulu. Ngemva kwesomiso esingokomlando kusukela ngo-2012 kuya ku-2016, isifundazwe samisa umthetho weSistainable Grouterhwater Management Act (SGMA), umthetho wokuqala obanzi wokulawula ukumpompa kwamanzi. i-SGMA idinga amanxusa endawo ukuba athuthukise amaqhinga alungelelanisa amathekishini ngo-2040. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iCalifornia ithenge isamba sezigidi zezigidi zezigidi zamadola amanzi emshini, ukuthuthwa kwamanzi anamandla, nokuncitshiswa kwe-alamula. I-SGMA i-S'ume'''''''''i-'i-'ikhomkhanka ye--mssss' iveza ukubaluleka kwezesayensi ye-Perlianown" ekhulu lama-20202020 ehlela izenzo zokulungiselela ikusasa elingu-20% ekutholakaleni kwamanzi. Nakuba intuthuko ingalinganiswe kakhulu nezingxabano zezombangazwe phakathi kwabalimi basedolobhulomezi.

Ukuhlolwa kwendaba: Ukuphathwa kwe-Delta e-Alternative Netherlands

I-Netherlands, isikhathi eside ephayona ekuqondiseni amanzi, iye yasebenzisa indlela yokusebenzisa i- "adaptic delta trated" ehlanganisa ngokucacile izimo zezulu. I-Dutch Delta Programme isebenzisa uhlelo lwezimo zezulu eziphindiwe oluzungezayo oluthi luyi-200100", ukuklama izimiso ezivumelanayo ezingashintsha-shintsha izimo. Izinyathelo eziyinhloko zihlanganisa ukuqinisa ama-dike, ukwakha indawo yemifula ebhekene nezikhukhula, kanye nokufaka izimali ezinjwayelweni zamanzi ezikwazi ukumelana nokungena kwamanzi. Uhlelo lusekelwa yi-Deltal Land Fund enikeza inzuzo ende ezimele emijikelezweni yezombangazwe. Lendlela yokusondela phambili inikeza izifundo eziwusizo kwamanye amazwe abhekene nomfulamfula.

Ukuhlolwa kwendaba: Izimo zomphakathi waseBangladesh ezisekelwe kumphakathi

IBangladesh ingelinye lamazwe akhubazeka kakhulu emhlabeni, aneziphepho ezivamile, ukuguguleka kogu lolwandle, nokuphazamisa kolwandle okuthinta izigidi zabantu. Ekuphenduleni, uhulumeni uye wahlanganisa ukujwayela amanzi esimweni sezulu somhlaba, ugxila ezindleleni ezisekelwe emphakathini. Ukuvubukula amanzi, ezolimo ezintantayo, nokuphakamisa izindlu ezisezintabeni ze-plinths zikhushulwa ngohulumeni wendawo, ukuguguleka komfula, nokuhlaselana kwe-NGO. Izwe futhi liye lafaka kakhulu ezikhungweni zezulu ezibangela ukuba kunciphe kakhulu ukufa ezivunguvungwini. Nakuba izinselele zilokhu zikhona ngokuqondene nokuhamba komfula osuka eNdiya naseChina, futhi ziveza ukuthi ngisho nezindawo zemali ezisezingeni zikwazi ukusekela izinhlangano zezindawo zamazwe zendawo emiphakathini.

Izinselele Ezivimbela Ukuhogela Kwamanzi Kwesizwe

Ingcebo Yemali Elinganiselwe

Ngisho nasemazweni acebile, izindleko zokuvumelanisa izimiso zamanzi nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu zinkulu. IBhange leZwe lilinganisela ukuthi umhlaba kuyodingeka unikele imali engaphezu kwezigidi eziyizigidi ezingu - R2, 000 ngonyaka ezimbonini zamanzi ukuze uhlangabezane nakho kokubili ukuthuthuka kanye nemigomo yesimo sezulu. Amazwe asathuthuka abhekene negebe elikhulu kakhulu, amaningi engakwazi ukusekela izinhlelo eziyisisekelo ezikhona, ingasaphathwa eyokutshala izimali ezintsha. Izinqubo zezezimali zomhlaba, njenge Green Climate Fund, ziye zabela imithombo ethile ukuze ikwazi ukufinyelela intuthuko yamanzi, kodwa inani lisengaphansi kakhulu kwalokho okudingekayo.

Ukuhlukana Kwezombangazwe Nezinhlangano

Ukubusa kwamanzi kuvame ukuhlukaniswa phakathi kwezinhlangano eziningi − ukulawulwa kwezindawo, indawo ezungezile, amandla, impilo, nokuhlelwa kwedolobha − ngayinye kanye nezinto eziza kuqala zayo kanye nokuhlelwa kwayo. Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kudinga ukusabela okuhlangene, kodwa ukulawulwa kwe-bureaucralos kanye nemithetho ephikisanayo kungavimbela intuthuko. Emazweni amaningi, amalungelo amanzi abekwa ngokwesiko ngenxa yemibono ephelelwe isikhathi yemithombo egciniwe eqinile, okwenza inguquko yezombangazwe ingabi lula. Izindlela zokulima ezinamandla zingamelana nokuncishintshwa kwenaniselwa kwemali, kuyilapho abantu basedolobheni bedinga ukutheliswa kwezindawo ezithengwa kakhulu. Ukunqoba lezimpikiswa kudinga ukuboniswa okusobala, ukukhokhwana kwezombangazwe okuzimisele ukwenza inguquko ekwakheni.

Izingxabano Zamanzi Ezishintshayo

Izindawo ezingaphezu kuka-260 ezinqamula imifula ehlanganisa amazwe, futhi ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kubhebhethekisa ukungezwani ngenxa yemithombo yamanzi ahlukene. Amazwe asemagqumeni akha amadamu noma amanzi aphambukile anganciphisa ukugeleza kwehlela komakhelwane, futhi ukuguquguquka okubangelwa ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kwenza ukuba lezi ziphepho zibe nzima nakakhulu ukuzibikezela. iNayile, iIndus, iMekong, kanye noMfula iColorado konke kuyizibonelo zokugodi lapho izicelo eziphikisanayo zikhula khona. Nakuba izivumelwano zamanzi zamazwe ngamazwe amaningi zikhona, ngokuvamile zazingabhaliwe emashumini eminyaka edlulele futhi zingase zingabangeli ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Izivumelwano ziyinselele lezivumelwano ezingokozwe eziningi ebezinqika ukuthatha amathi.

Izithiyo Zokwaziswa Nokungaqiniseki

Ukuphathwa kwamanzi okuphumelelayo kuxhomeke ekwazisweni okunokwethenjelwa, kodwa ezindaweni eziningi, ikakhulukazi e-Afrika nasezingxenyeni ze-Asia . Ngisho nalapho kunemifelandawo enciphileyo, izimo zezulu ziveza izinhlobonhlobo zekusasa elingenzeka, okwenza kube nzima ngabenzi bemithetho ukukhetha phakathi kwezezimali ezingathatha amashumi eminyaka ukukhokha. Abenzi besinqumo kumelwe bafunde ukwamukela "akukho-regit" izinketho: izinyathelo eziwusizo ngaphansi kwezindlela eziningi zesikhathi esizayo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuthuthukisa impumelelo yamanzi, ukuvikela imvelo, kanye nokwakha, konke okudala ukufaneleka okungathí shí kanye nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu.

Iziqondiso Zesikhathi Esizayo: Ukwakha Ukululama Ngokuzivuselela Nokubambisana

Ukushintsha Kwesimo Sezulu Okuyinhloko Kube Ukuhlelwa Kwesizwe

Izimiso zamanzi azinakusungulwa ngokuhlukaniswa. Kumelwe zihlanganiswe namasu ezwe okuzivumelanisa nesimo sezulu, amasu okunciphisa inhlekelele, nemigomo yokuthuthukisa intuthuko. Amazwe amaningi manje akhiqiza ama-National Eamption Programme (Ama-NAP) akhuluma ngokuqamba okuqondile ngokuphepha kwamanzi. Inselele iwukusuka ekuhleleni ukusungula ngokuqoqa imali, izisebenzi eziqeqeshayo, nokumisa inqubo yokuhlola isimo sezulu. Ukuhlelwa njalo kwe-NAP, kwaziswe ngesayensi yamuva, kubalulekile ukugcina izimiso zisebenza ezweni elishintsha ngokushesha.

Amakhambi Emvelo Asekelwe Emvelweni

Izakhiwo zendabuko "izakhiwo ze-Gray" (ama-dam, ama-leves, amapayipi) ziyohlala zibalulekile, kodwa amakhambi asekelwe kwindalo athola ukuqashelwa njengabaphelelisi abakhokhelayo ababizayo nabaqinile. Ukubuyisela izindawo ezingamaxhaphozi, ukugawula amahlathi acwebile, ukuvikela imihlume yaselunxwemeni, nokwakha izindawo eziluhlaza ezingathuthukisa izinga lamanzi, ukunciphisa izingozi zemvula, nokubuyisela i-aspetroit. Ngokwesibonelo, ukutshala i-asvolution ye-Cats encicrick kuye kwasindisa izigidi zezigidi zezigidi zamaRandi ngezindleko zokuphatha amanzi. Izimiso zesizwe ezihlanganisa izisusa imvelo nokusetshenziswa kwendawo ezungezile zingasiza ekubopheni lezinkonzo zemvelo.

Ukwamukela Ubuchwepheshe Bamanzi Bamanani

Amamitha amanzi ahlakaniphile, izinzwa zangempela zesikhathi, ukuhlakanipha kokwenziwa, kanye nokwaziswa kuguqula indlela izinto ezisebenzisa amanzi ezilawula imishini. Lobu buchwepheshe bungabona ngayo ukuvuza, ukulinganisela, ukufunza, nokuthuthukisa izikhathi zokusabela phakathi nezenzakalo eziyingozi. Amazwe athuthukayo angagxumagxuma ngokusebenzisa imishini yemizwa ephansi namasipala ahamba-hamba-hambayo. Nokho, izixazululo zobuchwepheshe zidinga ukuthengwa kwe-inthanelo yocingo kanye nokuxhumana kwangaphakathi, kanye nokuqeqeshelwa abasebenzisi. Izimiso zesizwe ezikhuthaza ukusungulwa nokwethuthwalwa kolwazi ziyo ziyosiza ekuthuthukiseni ukwamukela lamathuluzi.

Ukuqinisa Ukubambisana Kwamazwe Ngamazwe

Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kuyinkinga yembulunga yonke edinga ukusabela kwembulunga yonke, ikakhulukazi emithonjeni yamanzi ehlanganyelwe. Izinhlangano zomhlaba wonke njenge UN Water Water Convention ne International Water Resources Association zisiza ukukhulumisana, ukuhlanganisa ulwazi, nokuphatha izinhlangano ezihlangene. Izivumelwano ze-Biteradal nezohlobo oluhlukene zinganciphisa ingozi yengxabano futhi zithuthukise izinzuzo, njengemisebenzi ehlangene yokuphehla ugesi wamanzi noma imisebenzi yokuhlanganisa amadamu. Izizwe kumelwe zihambe ziqonde ukuthi ukubambisana kungathuthukisa ukulondeka kwamanzi kuyo yonke imiba. Ukuphuthuma kokushintsha isimo sezulu kungabangela ukuba ekugcineni kubangele ukuvuselelwa kwezivumelwano futhi kuqinise ukubusa okuhambisana.

Isiphetho

Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu akulona usongo olukude emfuleni yamanzi; kakade sekulungisa izimiso zamanzi ahamba emanzini kulo lonke izwekazi. Izimiso zamanzi ezihlulekayo ukuveza lezinguquko ziyokwehluleka kakhulu, kuholele ekulahlekelweni okukhulu kwezomnotho, ukuwohloka kwezenhlalo, nokuwohloka kwendawo ezungezile. Izindaba ezinhle ziwukuthi amazwe amaningi aqale ukusabela ngezinqubo ezintsha − kusukela ekuguquleni amanzi asemhlabeni eBangladesh ezinhlelweni zomphakathi ezivumelanayo. Kodwa izinga lenselele lifuna ukuvelela okukhulu nokusabela okusheshayo.

Izimiso zamanzi eziqinile, ezithambile, nezigcwele, ezisekelwa yisayensi eqinile, imali, nezinhlangano eziqinile, zibalulekile ekuthutheni imikhumbi engamashumi eminyaka ezayo. Izizwe zonke kumelwe zizibuze: inqubo yamanzi yethu iklanyelwe isimo sezulu sakudala, noma ilungiselela isimo sezulu sesikhathi esizayo? Ikhambi liyonquma ukuthi akuzona nje kuphela ukutholakala kwamanzi ahlanzekile kodwa ukuqina kwezomnotho, nezinhlangano zomhlaba. Ukufunda ngokuqhubekayo ngenqubo yamanzi embulungeni yonke, ukusabela okungcono kakhulu kwe-[[FLT:] i-United Nations Environmentation Programme's [[FL:] [FF1]] inikeza ukuvuselelwa kwesimo sezwe, kuyilapho isimo somkhakhaza wezeko [FOLD] esiwuningi, futhi umbangokwamandla amanani aphakeme kakhulu [Foctives] [Foctives]], [Fodvorances], [Fod projectivessssssssssssss,[5]