Maprogramu ogwirizana ndi uchigaŵenga asintha kuchokera ku njira zothandizira kuletsa upandu kulowa m'zigawo zazikulu za njira zachisungiko padziko lonse. Maprogramu ameneŵa amasonyezedwa pa lingaliro lakuti anthu akumaloko sali chabe njira yoyamba yodzitetezera ku nkhani zowopsa komanso amithenga odalirika kwambiri olimbana nazo. Kodi iwo amagwira ntchito zotani? Kodi mikhalidwe imawapangitsa kupambana kapena kulephera? Nkhani ino ikupenda zopanga malamulo, njira zogwirira ntchito, umboni wodalirika, ndi zitokosozo za anthu a m'chitaganya chipanichichi chisanafike pochita chiwawa. Komabe, ntchito yawo idakali nkhani yokayikitsa kutsutsana ndi opanga malamulo, ofufuza zinthu, ofufuza zinthu, ndi ofufuza a ku United States, ndi kutulukira mapulogalamu a boma.

Kufotokoza Uchigaŵenga Wotsutsana ndi Chipani

Uchigaŵenga wolimbana ndi anthu (CBCT) ukutanthauza njira zotetezera zimene zimadalira mayanjano pakati pa mabungwe a boma oteteza boma ndi anthu akomweko . Kuphatikizapo atsogoleri achipembedzo, aphunzitsi, antchito a zaumoyo, ndi mabungwe a boma . Kuzindikira ndi kulankhula ndi madalaivala achiwawa. Mosiyana ndi njira zamwambo zoikirapo umboni, kutsekedwa, ndi asilikali, CBCT imaika chikhulupiriro chachikulu, kuloŵerera koyamba, ndi kukhazikika kwa anthu. Mfundo yaikulu ndi yakuti anthu akukhala ndi malo amene akuona kuti ali opatuka, opatuka, kapena othawa, ndi kuti maunansi a m'deralo angapereke chichirikizo chofunika kuti apereke anthu osoŵa thandizo kuchokera ku njira zankhondo.

Maprogramu ameneŵa amagwira ntchito pamlingo wofanana ndi chitaganya, kugwirizanitsa malamulo a chisungiko chapamwamba ndi zokumana nazo za munthu zaing'ono. Sanalinganizidwire kulowa mmalo ntchito zopangidwa ndi luntha kapena ntchito zosungitsa lamulo koma kukwaniritsa zoyambitsa zimene zimachititsa kunyada. Malamulo ofunika amaphatikizapo kutengamo mbali modzifunira, kukhala ndi anthu, ndi kuzindikira chikhalidwe. Pamene malamulo ameneŵa asungidwa, CBCT ingachirikize kugwirizana kwalamulo; pamene anyalanyazidwa, maprogramu akuika pangozi kusiyanitsa ndi zigawo zimene afuna kutetezera.

Maziko Ovuta Kuwamvetsa

Chiphunzitso cha Kudziŵa Anthu ndi Gulu Chasintha

Kutengeka maganizo kaŵirikaŵiri kumaphatikizapo njira yamaganizo imene anthu amatengera zolinga ndi zikhulupiriro za gulu lankhondo kuti akwaniritse zofunika. Chidziŵitso cha chikhalidwe cha anthu chimapereka lingaliro lakuti anthu amadziloŵetsa okha m'magulu amene amawaona kukhala apamwamba. Magulu odzigwirizanitsa amagwiritsira ntchito zimenezi mwa kupereka mfundo zomveka za ife. Maprogramu ozikidwa pa anthu amatsutsa zimenezi mwakulimbikitsa gulu lina la anthu okhala ndi unzika, chikhulupiriro, kapena malo omwe ali odziimira okha. Mwachitsanzo, makambitsirano ogwirizanitsa zikhulupiriro ndi maprojekiti a boma amathandiza kumanga mapangano opheketsa kukopana kwa matchalitchi.

Chitsanzo Chabwino cha Kakhalidwe ka Anthu

Maluso ambiri a CBCT amachokera ku ntchito zapolisi za m'chitaganya, zimene zimagogomezera kugwirizana kwa mavuto pakati pa apolisi ndi anthu. Mfundo njomveka: Ngati nzikazo zidalira malamulo osungidwa, iwo ali othekera kwambiri kusimba nkhaŵa za anthu osonyeza zizindikiro za kusintha. Kukhulupirira kumapangidwa mwa kukambitsirana kwanthaŵi zonse, kosakakamiza, kuonekera, ndi kusonyezedwa kuŵerengera. Kufufuza kuchokera ku Corporation [ kumasonyeza kuti apolisi a m'mudzi angawonjezere chidziŵitso chogaŵana popanda kusokoneza ufulu wa anthu, malinga ndi zitsogozozo zomveka zotetezera chinsinsi.

Sayansi ya Zaumoyo ndi Kuteteza Sayansi

Bungwe lomakulakula la antchito okhwimitsa zinthu monga nkhani ya thanzi la anthu onse, kuletsa matenda opatsirana. Chitsanzo chimenechi chikusonyeza zinthu zimene zimachititsa ngozi (m' lekuatiso la magetsi, kudandaula, kudzipatula) ndi zinthu zotetezera (inga., ntchito yokhazikika, mayanjano amphamvu, kutsimikizira). Maprogramu a CBCT amagwiritsira ntchito njira zothandizira: kulikonse (mipikisano yodziŵira), kusankha (kuchirikiza kwa magulu a anthu a ) ndi kusonyeza zizindikiro za kuopsa kwa anthu). Kulingalira kumeneku kumachepetsa kunyozetsa ndi kulimbikitsa chithandizo chapasada.

Kuphunzira ndi Kufikira

Kuloŵa M’gulu la Anthu ndi Kusintha

Kutomerana kwanthaŵi zonse kumafuna zambiri osati kungokambirana ndi atsogoleri a tauni, achinyamata ogwira ntchito, ndi anthu achipembedzo amene ali ndi chisonkhezero. Programu zonga UK K K K K K K K Ktting akugwirizana ndi apolisi, akuluakulu a boma, ndi mabungwe a kampani odzifunira kupanga njira zothandizira. Kuloŵerera kumaphatikizaponso makambitsirano a khomo ndi khomo, zochitika za m'mudzi, ndi zinthu zofunikira za chikhalidwe zimene zingakulitse nkhaŵa popanda kuopa kubwezera.

Kuphunzitsa ndi Kuchenjeza Ena

Mikupiti imeneyi imachititsa kuti anthu azikhala ndi cholinga chotsutsa nkhani zowopsa. Angatenge mapulogalamu a sukulu ofufuza, olemba ndi ophunzitsa, ndi ololera. Mwachitsanzo, Madokokwe Aakulu ndi amene amayendetsa makampani amene amaphunzitsa achinyamata kuzindikira ndi kukana. Zoyesayesa zowadziŵitsa zimawapatsanso zizindikiro zoyang’anira ndi kufunafuna thandizo.

Kulimbana ndi Madansi ndi Njira Zina

Mmalo mosiya mwachindunji nkhani zokopa zachiphamaso . Izi zingakulitse mosadziŵa. Opatutsa, opulumuka ziukiro zauchigaŵenga, ndi zitsanzo za anthu a m’chitaganya amagawana zokumana nazo zawo kupyolera m’mavidiyo, mawailesi a kanema, ndi kulankhula kwa anthu. Zimenezi zimapanga uthengawo kukhala munthu ndipo zimapereka mfundo zodalirika. GAIS DALD EXT (AVE) Ili chitsanzo chodziŵika cha kugwirizanitsa mawu oterowo.

Kuloŵererapo ndi Kuloŵererapo Mwamsanga

Kuzindikira anthu a m'masitepe oyambirira a kusintha ndi njira yosavuta. Maprogramu onga Programme ya Channel mu UK] amagwiritsira ntchito malo osonyezera maere ambiri ndi kupanga makonzedwe aumwini. Chichirikizo chingaphatikizepo kulangiza, kupereka uphungu wa zaumoyo, maphunziro a ntchito, kapena kutumiza mauthenga a banja. Kufufuza 2019 kunapeza kuti otengamo mbali a Channel saali othekera kwenikweni kuloŵa m’ntchito yopambanitsa poyerekezera ndi gulu lolamulira logwirizana, ngakhale kuti ukulu wake wongawo unali waung'ono.

Nyumba Zomangidwa Moyenera za Magulu Amene Aliko

Mabungwe ambiri alibe zipangizo kapena luso lothandiza anthu ovutika maganizo. Maprogramu a CBCT amapereka maphunziro, ndalama, ndi chithandizo chaluso kuti alimbitse luso lawo la kuteteza zinthu. Zimenezi zingaphatikizepo ntchito zopangira nkhondo, kusamala anthu ovutika maganizo, kapena kuyang'anira pa Intaneti. United Nations Office of Counter-Trorism [1] Yapanga chipangizo chothandizira magulu a anthu kukonza njira zothetsera mavuto a anthu.

Umboni wa Kugwira Ntchito Kwabwino

Maphunziro Opindulitsa

2020 Kupenda kwadongosolo kofalitsidwa mu Presectives pa Terrorism kunapenda maphunziro a maprogramu a CBCT m'maiko 12. Kunapeza umboni woyenerera wakuti njira zimenezi zinachepetsa zizindikiro za kusintha, monga ngati kuchilikiza chiwawa choopsa ndi kufunitsitsa kuloŵa m’magulu otsutsa. Maprogramu achipambano kwambiri anaphatikiza njira zingapo (kufikira, maphunziro, ndi kuchirikiza) ndipo anaikidwa m'mabungwe autumiki a anthu omwe alipo. Amene anasumika maganizo awo pa kuyang'anira kapena kupereka lipoti la kuyambitsa kusadalirana ndi kuchepetsa pangano la anthu.

Ku Canada, Centre ya Kutetezera Kuwopsya Kutsogolera Kuchiwawa (CPRLV) [FLT ] ku Montreal yasimba mapangano otsimikizirika: oposa 60% a mamembala a chitaganya anatsogolera ku zochitika za kuloŵerera, ndipo 87% ya ogula maprogramu anamaliza programu popanda kuloŵetsedwa m’zochitika zowopsa. Kupenda kodziimira kwaumwini ndi Dipatimenti ya Safety ya Public [ kutsimikizira kuti kudalira kwa polisi kwa mzera wochepa waudindo wochirikiza chitetezo pamene kuli kothandiza.

Mavuto Okhudza Kulemera kwa Zinthu

Ngakhale kuti pali zizindikiro zolimbikitsa zimenezi, kupenda kolimba kumakhala kovuta. Kutsimikiza mtima ndi chinthu chotsika kwambiri . Kwa anthu ambiri osachita zachiwawa . Choncho nkovuta kunena kuti palibe chiwawa pa pulogalamu. Zizindikiro zotsatizana ngati maganizo kapena chidziŵitso sizingasinthe m'makhalidwe. Kuwonjezera apo, maprogramu ambiri alibe chidziŵitso chozikika ndi magulu olamulira. Otsutsa amanena kuti umboniwo udakali wochepa kwambiri moti sungathe kulungamitsa malonda aakulu, makamaka nkhaŵa za ntchito ndi ufulu wa anthu.

Zotulukapo Zosayembekezeredwa

Kufufuza kwina kwakhala ndi zotsatirapo zopanda pake. Pamene anthu aona kuti maprogramu a CBCT amayang'aniridwa ndi anthu aubwenzi, kukhulupirira kumawonongeka. UK K K project project adayang'anizana ndi chisulizo cha anthu achisilamu ozembera, zimene zimayambitsa kulekana ndi ngakhale kukwiya. 2018 akusimba za decuptacy [[

Kufufuza za Matenda

United Kingdom – Chenjezerani Njira

Njira yotetezera imafuna masukulu ndi mayunivesite, yomwe inapangidwa mu 2007, idakali programu yophunziridwa kwambiri ya CBCT padziko lonse. Imagwira ntchito kudutsa mizati isanu: kugwirizana ndi akuluakulu a dziko, maphunziro ndi maphunziro (m’chitsanzo, kuletsa ntchito kumafuna kuti sukulu ndi mayunivesite asakhale ndi cholinga choletsa anthu kuloŵa m’zigaŵenga), kuloŵerera (chikole), kutsendereza (monga njira yomalizira), ndi kugwirizana kwa mayiko. Mapangano asonyeza kuti Chamchenga chimaletsa mwachipambano anthu 80% a kuchitika mwachiwawa. Komabe, programuyo yayambitsanso mkangano wokhudza kunyazitsa kwake kwa Asilamu ndi kukhoza kwake kulankhula kwaulere. Kusintha kwa ufulu m'nkhani 2019 yokhudza nkhani zimenezi.

Canada – Kulimbikitsa Uchigaŵenga

Canada’s Strategy on Counterting Radicaltiation to Violence (208) imagogomezera njira zoyendera chitaganya. Mosiyana ndi chitsanzo cha UK, chimene chimaika apolisi pakati, kuthandizira kwa Canada ndalama zothandizira mabungwe akwawo osapanga phindu. Chitsanzo cha CPRLV chotchulidwa poyamba chimasonyeza kuthekera kwa chitsanzo chimenechi. Kupenda kwa 2023 ndi Yunivesite ya Sherbrooke kunapeza kuti mame a apolisi ogwirizana ndi milandu yachigamulo ndi 34% m'madera oyendetsa ndege, ngakhale kuti iwo anawona kuti kupanga kusiyanasinthasintha kwa zinthu kumafuna kufufuza kowonjezereka.

United States – Programu za CVE

. . Kuthandiza Chiwawa cha Extremism (CVVE) [FLT ] maprogramu a OBAMA pansi pa maulamuliro a oyendetsa ndege anasumika maganizo pa mizinda itatu: Los Angeles, Boston, ndi Minneapolis. Magulu ameneŵa ochirikiza a anthu ochirikiza thanzi la maganizo, maphunziro a ntchito, ndi uphungu wa banja. Brennannan Center . anagamula kuti pamene oyendetsa ndegewo anawongowonjezera kudalira lamulo lakwawo, iwo analibe njira zochitira zinthu mowonetsera ndi kutsutsa kopambanitsa. Pambuyo pa kusintha kwa kayendetsedwe ka boma, Khiri ya boma inatumizidwa, ngakhale kuti ntchito zambiri za kumaloko zinapitiriza.

Mavuto ndi Zoopsa

Chinyengo Chokhulupirira

Kukhulupirirana ndi vuto lalikulu. M'mbuyomu, anthu ambiri akumana ndi mavuto, kuzunzidwa, ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati apolisi a boma. Maprogramu a ku CBCT amene apempha kuti agwirizane ndi anthu ayenera kugonjetsa vutoli poyambirira, apolisi akayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito, angaone ngati kuti akugwira ntchito yowonjezera malamulo, kuletsa anthu kuchitapo kanthu moona mtima. Maprogramu opambana amasiyanitsa kuletsa nzeru, kutsimikizira kuti nkhani zimene akugawana sizigwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati cholinga cha upandu chayandikira.

Kupimidwa kwa Zinthu

CBCT imafunikira ndalama zochirikizidwa kaamba ka maphunziro a antchito, ndalama zoperekedwa ndi anthu, ndi kupenda. Maprogramu ambiri amakakamizidwa kudalira pa ndalama za kanthaŵi kochepa zimene zimaletsa kumangidwa kwa nthaŵi yaitali kwa ubwenzi. Ndiponso, kufunika kwa mautumiki a zaumoyo . Makamaka chithandizo cha maganizo (makamaka) amaposa mphamvu. Ofufuza a ku United States anapeza kuti 72% ya ndalama zopereŵera kuti apeze ndalama zochitira ntchitoyo.

Kusagwirizana kwa Zandale ndi Zachikhalidwe

Kuyesa kuyendera zinthu kozikidwa pa chitaganya kungasokonezeke. Otsutsa ena amanena kuti amaimira mtundu wa uinjiniya wa kakhalidwe umene umapondereza ufulu wa malingaliro. Ena amatsutsa kuti iwo ali ofeŵa kwambiri ndipo satha kuyang'anira ngozi yochititsidwa ndi madongosolo a uchigaŵenga olinganizidwa. Kulinganiza ufulu wa anthu ndi chisungiko ndi njira yokhalira ndi nkhondo. Maprogramu amene alibe malamulo otsimikizirika operekera upandu amafalikira, kumene kuletsa pang'onopang'ono kumayang’anizana ndi kuyang’anira.

Kufotokoza Chipambano

Palibe kugwirizana pa zimene zimapanga programu ya CBCT yachipambano. Kodi ndi chiŵerengero cha opasawalika? Kusintha kwa maganizo? Kulephera kukhazikitsa matelefoni omveka bwino kumayambitsa mavuto ochirikiza kupitirizabe kwa ndalama. Ofufuza kaŵirikaŵiri amachirikiza mayeso owonjezera a KBCT . Kufanana ndi kugwirizana kwa anthu kapena kuchuluka kwa kusimba nkhaŵa za anthu . . Koma zimenezi nzovuta kulinganiza mayeso a bajeti.

Masewera Abwino Kwambiri Pogwiritsira Ntchito Zochita

Kusankhana

Programu zimene zakonzedwa pokambirana ndi anthu amene amatumikira zimaoneka kukhala zosatsutsika kwambiri. Malingaliro othandiza kukonza zolinga, ntchito, ndi kupenda zinthu . "Kuwonjezera kukhala ndi mwini ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, Partive for Conflict and Crime Studies (PCS) [1] ku Birmingham kumaphatikizapo mabodipoti a chitaganya amene ali ndi mphamvu pa mbali zina za programu.

Kugwirizana ndi Mautumiki a Mayanjano

Kuchotsa zinthu sikumachitika kaŵirikaŵiri m’malo opanda kanthu; kaŵirikaŵiri kumatsagana ndi mavuto ena monga ngati matenda a maganizo, ulova, kapena kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa banja. Maprogramu a CBCT amene amapereka chichirikizo cha zaumoyo cha anthu, uphungu wa ntchito, chithandizo cha nyumba, chinsinsi cha malo ogona chimayambitsa mogwira mtima kwambiri kuposa aja osumikidwa pa malingaliro okha. Mabungwe a zaumoyo ndi othandizira anthu ndi ofunika.

Kuyera Malo ndi Kuyang’anira

Kuti asunge kuyenera, maprogramu ayenera kukhala owonekera bwino ponena za njira zawo, kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa chidziŵitso, ndi zotulukapo. Mabungwe odziimira okha angathandizire kutsimikizira kuti ufulu wa anthu umalemekezedwa. Independent Review of Terrorism Legacy [1] Nthaŵi zonse amafalitsa malipoti onena za Provention, amene achititsa kusintha kwa zinthu. Zochita zodziwitsa mlandu zoterozo zimapanga chidaliro kwa anthu.

Kusinthasintha

Kupenda kopitirizabe, kugwiritsira ntchito zonse ziŵiri njira za quanti ndi qualitive, kumalola maprogramu kuwongolera ndi kuwongolera. Mayeso olamuliridwa mosasankha ngosachitika m'mbali imeneyi chifukwa cha nkhaŵa za makhalidwe, koma mapulaneti a m'miyambo (m’chitsanzo, kuyerekezera madera oyandikana) angathandize kusiyanitsa zinthu zothandiza. Maprogramu ayenera kukhala ofunitsitsa kuleka njira zimene zimatsimikizira kukhala zosapindulitsa kapena zovulaza.

Malangizo a M’tsogolo

Pamene malo oopsa ayamba kuwonjezeka pa Intaneti, kuukira kwa agulupa okha, ndi malingaliro osiyanasiyana osokoneza zinthu . Maprogramu ogwirizana ndi mfundo zamakono ayenera kusintha. Kuletsa kulemba ndi kugwiritsa ntchito Intaneti kukukulirakulira. . Komiti ya ku Ulaya ya Resailegiging Awarence Menuals Network (RAN) [FALT :1] yathandiza makolo ndi aphunzitsi kutsutsa mabodza a pa Intaneti. Kuwonjezera apo, pali kuzindikira kowonjezereka kuti CBTCCC iyenera kukambirana ndi mitundu yonse ya ASCT, kuphatikizapo kuyenerera ndi malo okhalako, osati Chisilamu, kuti apeŵe kudana ndi anthu.

Njira ina yotsimikizira ndiyo kugwirizanitsa chisamaliro cha kusokonezeka maganizo. Anthu ambiri amene asinthasintha zinthu akumana ndi mavuto aumwini . War, kusamuka, kuzunzidwa. Trauma-remponsive CBCT ingathandize kuthetsa mizu ya maganizo ya mkwiyo ndi kusadalirana. Maprogramu a Piloi ku Germany ndi Sweden akufufuza njira imeneyi kwa othaŵa kwawo.

Kumaliza

Maprogramu oletsa uchigaŵenga a m'chitaganya samakhala mankhwala, koma amapereka mgwirizano wothandiza kwambiri ndi wokhoza kuchirikiza. Pamene agwiritsiridwa ntchito ndi kugwirizana kwenikweni kwa anthu, zitsogozo zomveka za makhalidwe, ndi zipangizo zokwanira, angachepetse upandu wa kusintha ndi kulimbikitsa mgwirizano wa anthu. Umboni wabwino kwambiri umasonyeza kuti kulimbitsa chikhulupiriro ndi kuloŵerera mwamsanga n’kothandiza, koma kokha ngati sizikudziŵika monga zipangizo zoyendera. Pamene mitundu ikulimbana ndi kuopsa kopitirizabe kwa kusokonezeka maganizo, kugwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamuwa [1] Kupenda ndi kuwongolera kopitirizabe kwanzeru. Kupambana kwenikweni sikuli chabe kusoŵa ziukiro, koma kukhalapo kwa anthu amene sachita chiwawa.