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Chiyambi: Kusintha kwa Uyang’aniro ku Ntchito za ku Ireland
Chiyambire kusungidwa kwake pa May 25, 2018, General Data Protection Regculation (GDPR) yasintha kwambiri mmene mabungwe m' Ulaya yense akugwirira ntchito yokhudza munthu. Ku Ireland, kumene kumatumiza malikulu a ku Ulaya a makampani ambiri aakulu a zaumisiri, chiyambukiro cha malamulo a kuyang'anira antchito chakhala chachikulu kwambiri. Olemba ntchito a ku Ireland tsopano amagwira ntchito pansi pa malamulo amene amafuna kuti aonedwe bwino, aŵerengere mlandu, ndi kulungamitsidwa kwa njira iliyonse. Kusintha kumeneku kwafuna makampani kuti asamuke kuchokera ku chikhalidwe cha anthu ofufuza kuti ayambe kuyang'anira ufulu wa antchito achinsinsi umene ukulemekeza ufulu wa antchito awo pamene akuyendetsabe malonda ovomerezeka.
GDPR imagwiritsa ntchito makampani onse pokonza mfundo za munthu aliyense payekha m'bungwe la EU, mosasamala kanthu za kumene kampaniyo ili. Kwa olemba ntchito a ku Ireland, izi zikutanthauza kuti mtundu uliwonse wa kuyang'anira antchito , kuyambira pa kudula maemail mpaka ku CTV, kugwiritsa ntchito Intaneti kuyang'anira malo. Mathithiwa ndi okwera kwambiri: osagwirizana ndi kampaniyo angatulutse ndalama zokwana madola 20 miliyoni kapena 4% za kayendetsedwe kake ka dziko lonse, kamene kali kapamwamba, ndi kuwonongeka kwa mbiri imene ingawonongeretu kudalirana pakati pa antchito ndi makasitoka mofanana.
Kutchula Mwachidule GDPR ndi Mfundo Zake Zachikhalidwe
GDPR imamangidwa pa malamulo aakulu asanu ndi aŵiri amene amalamulira kukonzedwa kwa chidziŵitso cha munthu: malamulo, chilungamo, ndi kuonekera kwa munthu; kupereŵera kwa cholinga; kuchepa kwa chidziŵitso; kulondola; kulephera kusungira; umphumphu ndi kubisa (kusungika); ndi kuŵerengera. Lamulo lililonse limakhudza mmene ntchito iyenera kulinganizidwira ndi kugwiritsidwira ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, lamulo la kutumiza chidziŵitso cha zinthu chochepa limaletsa kusonkhanitsa chidziŵitso chochuluka kuposa chofunika pa chifuno choikidwiratu. M'malongosole, wolemba ntchito sangangolemba mawu onse olankhulira antchito pa padera kuti chinthu china chofunika kutuluka; mmalo mwake, kuyang'aniridwa kuyenera kugwirizanitsidwa kotheratu ndi bizinesi yokwanira, monga kusungidwa, kukwaniritsa, kapena kuvomereza kwalamulo.
Kuona padera kumafuna kuti antchito adziŵitsidwe bwino lomwe za zimene zasonkhanitsidwa, chifukwa chake, utali umene udzasungidwa, ndi amene adzapezeka. Izi zikupitirira lamulo losadziŵika bwino lobisika lobisika m'buku la ntchito; GDPR imalamula kuti chidziŵitso chiperekedwe m'njira yachidule, yooneka bwino, yosavuta, ndi yosavuta kupezeka. Lamulo la kudziŵerengera limawonjezera olemba ntchito kusonyeza kugonjera kwa [1] Kupyola m'makalata, Data Provincial Assesment Asmentsmentsments (DPIAS), ndi zolemba za ntchito. Zimenezi zapangitsa kuti antchito a ku Ireland asatenge "kukhazikitsa ndi kuiwala" kuyang'anira.
Lamuloli limayambitsanso ufulu wa anthu, kuphatikizapo ufulu wogwiritsa ntchito, kukonzanso, kuletsa, kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu, ndi kuyenera kwa ntchito. Pa nkhani ya ntchito, ufulu umenewu umathandiza antchito kutsutsa kuyang'anira kopambanitsa kapena kosayenera ndi kupempha kuti apeze mfundo zolakwika. Mwachitsanzo, munthu amene amakhulupirira kuti kufunafuna makompyuta pa Intaneti sikunagwiritsiridwe ntchito bwino, angafune kuti apeze chidziŵitsocho ndipo ngati n’koyenera, kuchotsa ntchito yake ngati sakuyenereranso.
Ntchito Yoyang’anira Ntchito ku Ireland
Olemba ntchito ku Ireland ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira yovuta kwambiri yothandizira zinthu za GDPR, malamulo a dziko (DS Protection Act 2018), ndi malamulo oyendera mbali. Bungwe loteteza zinthu la Ireland (DPC) limapereka malangizo ndi kukhazikitsa malamulowo, kupangitsa kuti ziungwe zikhale zofunika kuti zikhale zogwirizana ndi matanthauzo amakono.
Kuyera Malo ndi Kuvomereza
Chikalata chapakati cha GDPR nchakuti njira iliyonse ya chidziŵitso chaumwini iyenera kukhala ndi maziko ovomerezeka. Pamene kuli kwakuti chivomerezo chiri maziko ena othekera, kugwiritsira ntchito kwake muunansi wantchito kumaikidwa mopambanitsa. Chifukwa cha kusalinganizika kwa mphamvu kwachibadwa pakati pa wolemba ntchito ndi wantchito, chivomerezo kaŵirikaŵiri chimalingaliridwa kukhala chaufulu kokha m’mikhalidwe yapadera. Kufufuza kwa antchito ambiri kumakhala kodalira pa zikondwerero zalamulo za abwana, zoperekedwa popanda kuuzidwa kuti nkukana. Komabe, pamene kuyang'anira kumaloŵetsamo chidziŵitso cha zinthu zasayansi [1] Monga chivomerezo cha zaumoyo kapena za thanzi, ndipo olemba ntchito ambiri ayenera kukhala okhoza kutsimikizira kuti kuvomerezako mwaufulu ndi popanda kuuzidwa kulikonse.
Mathayo osonyeza kuonekera kwa ntchito amatanthauza kuti olemba ntchito sangadalire kuvomereza kotheratu lamulo pa nthaŵi yakubadwa. M’malo mwake, ayenera kukambirana mokangalika za njira zoyang'anira, moyenerera kudzera m'makalata apadera, mawu achinsinsi, ndi zikumbutso zanthaŵi zonse. Chitsogozo cha DPC pa madata a antchito chimagogomezera kuti kuonekera bwino ndi ntchito yopitirizabe, osati chidziŵitso cha nthaŵi imodzi.
Zofunika Kuzifuna Monga Maziko Oyenera a Malamulo
Maziko ovomerezeka a zikondwerero ndi amene amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku Ireland. Komabe, pamafunika mayeso oyeza antchito. Olemba ntchito ayenera kutchula chikondwerero chenicheni (m’chitsanzo, chitetezo cha asodzi, kuletsa chinyengo, kuyendetsa), kupenda kuti apeze chidwi chimenecho, ndi kuchiyeza kuti kuyenera kutsatiridwa ndi antchito oyembekezera kukhala achinsinsi. Kulinganiza kumeneku kuyenera kulembedwa m'Magitimete Assesment (Llia). Mwachitsanzo, kuyang'anira njira za mail kuti apeze mayeso, pamene kupitiriza kulemba makidwe a ntchito kuti apeze ntchito, mwina sikungapimizidwe, kuperekedwa ndi zinthu zongopezeka.
Kuteteza Zinthu za M’thupi Kumachititsa
GDPR imalamula DPI kuti ikhale ndi vuto lalikulu pa ufulu wa munthu. Ntchito yoyang'anira nthaŵi zonse imachititsa zimenezi, makamaka pamene iphatikizapo kuyang'anira kwadongosolo, kuyang'anira kwa kachitidwe. A DPA iyenera kufotokoza kukonza, kufunika kwake, ndi kulinganiza; kupenda ngozi kwa anthu; ndi kulinganiza zinthu zochepetsa ngozizo. Olemba ntchito a ku Ireland ayenera kuchita zinthu monga asanagwiritse ntchito njira zatsopano zofufuzira, monga kuyang'anira nkhope, GPS, kapena kuyang'anira kwa kachitidwe ka zinthu. ASCA ankhondo kuti agwirizane ndi machitidwe achinsinsi a anthu pa malo otsogolera ndi kutsogolera kuti madongosolo a kujambula kuti akhale otsalirapo.
Mitundu ya Kupima Ntchito Yoyambukiridwa ndi GDPR
Kusintha kwa GDPR kumasiyanasiyana malinga ndi njira yoyang’anira imene ikugwiritsidwa ntchito. Pansipa, timafufuza njira zofala kwambiri zolondera ku malo antchito a ku Ireland ndi mmene malamulo amasinthira kagwiritsidwe ka ntchito yawo.
Kufufuza Makope ndi Zolankhulana
Olemba ntchito ambiri amayang'anira ma email a makampani kutsimikizira kugwirizana ndi malamulo a kampani, kuletsa kuchuka kwa madata, kapena kuyang'anira ntchito zalamulo. Pansi pa GDPR, kuyang'anira koteroko kuyenera kukhala kochepetsedwa ndi koonekeratu. Olemba ntchito satha kuŵerenga nthaŵi zonse ma email onse ngati kulibe chifukwa chenicheni, cholembedwa chopimira ku kusamvera. Kutsegulidwa kwa makompyuta kumakhala kovomerezeka, koma kufufuza kulikonse kwakuya kumafuna DCA ndipo, kaŵirikaŵiri, kuyang'anira kwalamulo. Olemba ntchito ayenera kuuzidwa kuti maemail amayang'anitsidwa, ndipo nthaŵi ya kubwerera kwa ma-mail kuyenera kusungidwa kumlingo woyenerera.
Kufufuza Zinthu pa Intaneti ndi Pakompyuta
. . . . . . . . . . . . . kutsekereza kulikonse kotereku kuyenera kuchitika pa cholinga chomveka. Monga kuletsa kulowa m'malo oipa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito bwino nthawi ya kampani. Komabe, kutsekereza mawebusaiti onse (m., malo onse a nyuzi) kukhoza kukhala kosafunika kwambiri ngati kulibe malire okhwima kwambiri (m., malire a nthaŵi) angakwaniritse cholinga chimodzimodzicho. Olemba ntchito ayeneranso kulingalira kuti nthawi ndi nthawi zina kugwiritsira ntchito intaneti yaumwini nthaŵi zambiri n’kololedwa; kuyang'anira zimene zingasowetse ufulu wa antchito pa ufulu wa munthu payekha wa ku Ulaya pansi pa Msonkhano wa ufulu wa anthu, umene GDR.
Kuchuluka kwa CCTV ndi Mavidiyo
CCTV kuntchito nkofala chifukwa cha zifukwa zachitetezo. GDPR, limodzi ndi EDPB zitsogozo pa zipangizo za vidiyo, imakhazikitsa mikhalidwe yokhwima. Kamera ziyenera kuikidwa kokha m'malo amene kuli chitetezo chotsimikizirika. Osati m'zipinda zosambira, kusintha zipinda, kapena kuswa malo kumene antchito amayembekezera kwambiri zachinsinsi. Zizindikiro ziyenera kusonyezedwa bwino, kunena cholinga ndi woyang'anira woyang’anira. Mapazi olembedwa ayenera kusungidwa bwino ndi kusungidwa kwa masiku 30 okha ngati palibe chochitika). DPC ku Ireland yakhala ikutsatira lamulo loletsa olemba ntchito amene amagwiritsa ntchito CTVVV kapena chifukwa choyang'anira ntchito.
Kufufuza malo
GPS Kufufuza malo a magalimoto a kampani kapena zipangizo za m'manja zoperekedwa kwa antchito kuli kofala. GDPR imafuna kuti kujambula koteroko kukhale kolingana. Mwachitsanzo, kulondola njira yoperekera magalimoto kuti afike poti afike bwino ku mapulogalamu kungakhale kovomerezeka, koma kupitiriza kulondola malo a antchito kunja kwa maola akuntchito kungasokoneze. Olemba ntchito ayenera kukhazikitsa malo ozungulira kuti azigwira ntchito kokha panthaŵi yantchito ndi kutseka kuima foni pamene chiwiyacho chilibe pantchito. A DCA ayenera kukambirana ndi ngozi za kuchuluka kwa makompyuta osonyeza makhalidwe aumwini, kupezeka pa ntchito, kapena maadiresi a chipembedzo.
Kufufuza Mmene Zinthu Zimayendera
Kupita patsogolo kwa tekinoloji kwachititsa kuti pakhale makina ofufuzira zidindo, kuyang'ana nkhope, kapena kupima kwamphamvu kuti atsimikizire kapena apange zinthu. Kufufuza zinthu kumaonedwa kuti ndi "gulu lapadera" pansi pa GDPR, kumene kumaletsa kukonza zinthu popanda chilolezo chenicheni kapena kusafuna kuchepetsa. Ku Ireland, mabwana ambiri achoka pa njira zopimira zopimira ku DPC, kumene malangizo a pa Intaneti akuthandiza kuteteza ngozi. Kuyang'anira zinthu monga kuyendera mouse [1] n’kutsutsananso ndi kutsutsana; kungafunikire kuti pakhale DPIA yokha ikhale yoyenerera m'malo apamwamba (m.g., malo a zamalonda) kumene kuli kofunika kwambiri kuletsa chinyengo.
Kusintha kwa Kachitidwe m’Mantchito a ku Ireland
Makampani a ku Ireland asintha kwambiri njira zimene antchito awo amayendera potsatira GDPR.
Kufotokoza Zinthu Zobisika ndi Mabuku Olemba Ntchito
Olemba ntchito akupereka zikalata zachinsinsi zimene zimafotokoza bwino mitundu ya kuyang'anira, maziko a lamulo, zifuno, nthaŵi zokumbukira, ndi zoyenera za antchito. Zikalata zimenezi zimaperekedwa pobzala ndi kusintha poyang'anira. Makampani ena amapereka zikalata zolembedwa: chidule chachidule chotsatiridwa ndi chikalata chatsatanetsatane. DPC imayembekezera kuti mapepalawo alembedwe m’chinenero chomveka bwino, kupeŵa malamulo.
Kuletsa Kupereka Chikalata Chochepa
Malamulo a kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito makompyuta athandiza olemba ntchito kuyendera makompyuta. M’malo mojambula magalimoto onse apakhomo, ambiri tsopano amagwiritsa ntchito makompyuta obisika kapena oletsedwa ngati n’kotheka. Mwachitsanzo, kujambula ntchito kungadalire pa makompyuta amene akugwiritsidwa ntchito m’malo mwa kupitiriza kujambula wailesi. Olemba ntchito akutumizanso makompyuta awoawo ndi ntchito yawo. Mwachitsanzo, mwa kulola antchito kutchula desiki kapena mamenti a intaneti monga "al" imene imachotsedwa pa ndandanda yanthaŵi zonse.
Kusunga Zinthu Zachinsinsi ndi Kusunga Zinthu Mwapadera
GDPR imafuna njira zaluso ndi zolinganiza kutsimikizira chisungiko. Kupima moni . "*] Mitengo, CTV persege , kapena GPS [1] Iyenera kusungidwa ndi kulembedwa kope, makompyuta ogwiritsa ntchito, ndi zothandizira zanthaŵi zonse. Makampani ambiri a ku Ireland amafotokozedwa bwino. Makampani ambiri tsopano amachotsa okha zinthu zofufuza zinthu pambuyo pa masiku 30 pokhapokha ngati ali mbali ya kufufuza kochitidwa. Kuyang'anira zinthu ndi HR, chitetezo, ndi oyang'anira ntchito yofunikira kudziŵa.
Asayansi apeza ufulu wochita zinthu ndi a Mboni za Yehova
Olemba ntchito amafunika kuti apeze nthawi yokwanira yoyendera makompyuta awo potsatira ufulu wa munthu wowalemba. Olemba ntchito ayenera kuyankha pa mwezi umodzi ndipo ayenera kuwapatsa kope la zimene akugwira, kuphatikizapo mitengo, malipoti, kapena mapepala. Zimenezi zakakamiza makampani kukonza zolembedwa molondola ndi kutha kufotokoza chifukwa chake pakufunika kuyang’anira. Mabungwe ena akhazikitsa njira za m’kati kuti antchito ayesetse kugwiritsa ntchito ntchito makompyuta popereka chilango.
Mavuto a Kukwaniritsa Zochita
Ngakhale kuti amalemba ntchito a ku Ireland amawapatsa malangizo omveka bwino, amakumana ndi mavuto ambiri powayang’anira.
Kulinganiza Zofunika pa Zosoŵa ndi Ufulu Wokhala Wekha
Chidani chachikulu chikupitirizabe: Olemba ntchito afunikira kutetezera katundu, kutsimikizira chisungiko, ndi kuyendetsa bwino zinthu, pamene antchito ali ndi chiyembekezo choyenera cha kukhala okha. Mayeso oyenera samamveka nthaŵi zonse, makamaka m’mikhalidwe yachilendo monga ntchito. Pamene makampani ambiri a ku Ireland ayamba kugwiritsira ntchito zipangizo zoyendera zakutali, kuyang'anira makompyuta, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito makompyuta. DPC yasonyeza kuti machitachita ameneŵa akugonjera ku malamulo a GDPR ndipo angakhale ovuta kwambiri kulungamitsa pamene antchito ali m’nyumba zawo, kumene kuyembekezera kwachinsinsi kuli kokulira.
Kulinganiza Unansi wa Ntchito
Monga taonera, kuvomereza sikumakhala maziko oyera a kuyang'anira. Komabe makompyuta ena . Makamaka makompyuta a biometric . Vuto nlotsimikizira kuti chivomerezo nchaufuludi, kutanthauza kuti antchito angakane popanda zotsatira zoipa. Makampani ambiri a ku Ireland asankha kusiya njira za biometric pokhapokha kuti agwirizane ndi njira zina zothandizira kuchepetsa ubongo monga makadi oyandikana ndi foni. Komabe, zimenezi zingayambitse kutsutsana ndi kutetezeka ngati dongosolo la zinthu lamphamvu silinasankhidwe bwino.
Chisungiko cha Chigwirizano ndi Chidziŵitso cha Kusintha
Kufufuza makompyuta kumatenga makompyuta ambirimbiri ovuta kwambiri, ndipo zimenezi zingachititse kuti anthu ayambe kukopeka ndi zinthu za pa Intaneti. Kuswa pulogalamu ya antchito yofufuza zinthu kungavumbule mbiri za malo, njira za malo, kapena ngakhale zinthu zina zogwiritsa ntchito. Pansi pa GDPR, olemba ntchito ayenera kudziŵitsa DPC pa maola 72 kuti adziwe kuti kuwonongeka kwa zinthu zimene zachititsa kuti anthu ayambe kudwala. DPC yakhala ikufufuza kuti iwonongetse zinthu zoyendera bwino, ndipo yaperekedwa chifukwa chosowa chitetezo. Zimenezi zachititsa kuti abwana a ku Ireland ayambe kugwiritsa ntchito ntchito kwambiri ntchito yopeka, mayeso a za chitetezo, ndi zokambirana zochitika.
Kuona Zinthu Mtsogolo ndi Kutsatira Zomwe Ena Amachita
Chisonkhezero cha GDPR pa kuyang’anira antchito chikusinthabe chifukwa cha kusintha kwa luso la zopangapanga, malangizo, ndi ntchito yoonetsetsa kuti anthu akugwira ntchito ku Ireland ndi ku Ulaya konse.
Kusintha kwa Kusintha kwa Zinthu
Kusintha kwa njira (pakali pano pokambirana) kudzakhudzanso kuyang'anira njira zolankhulirana zamagetsi. Ngakhale kuti siikugwira ntchito, idzagwirizana ndi GDPR mwa kuika malamulo achinsinsi a kulankhulana, kuphatikizapo metadata. Olemba ntchito a ku Ireland akangowalandira, afunikira kutsatira malamulo okhwima kwambiri pa kutumiza maemail a antchito, mauthenga, ndi kuitanira tsatanetsatane wa zinthu.
Kupanga Zosankha Zodzifunira
Kuyang'anira kuwonjezereka, kukugwiritsiridwa ntchito kuphunzitsa ojambula AI kuti apange maluso, apezedwe mwachinyengo, kapena ngakhale kupanga zosankha za moto. Chigawo 22 cha GDPR chimapatsa anthu kuyenera kwa kusagonjera ku chigamulo chozikidwa pa kulinganiza kwa ongopanga kumene kumatulutsa ziyambukiro zalamulo kapena ziyambukiro zazikulu zofanana. Kumeneku kudzakhala malo ankhondo yaikulu mu Ireland pamene abwana awo akutumiza zida za AIB kapena kuwalamula kuti alangidwe. Olemba ntchito ayenera kutsimikizira kuti zosankha zilizonse za galimoto zikhale zolongosoka, zopikisana, ndi kukhala ndi uyang'aniro wa anthu.
Kuyembekezera Mokakamiza
DPC yakhala imodzi ya mabungwe okangalika kwambiri ku Ulaya, kutulutsa faindi yaikulu yolimbana ndi makampani aakulu a tekinoloji otetezera makompyuta. Pamene kuli kwakuti ambiri a mafashoni odetsa nkhaŵa a ogula, malamulo ofananawo amagwira ntchito ku makompyuta a antchito. Ntchito ya DPC imaphatikizapo kufufuza za makompyuta a antchito m'magawo osiyanasiyana. Olemba ntchito a ku Ireland angayembekezere kupendedwa mowonjezereka, makamaka pa kuyang'anira antchito akutali ndi njira za sayansi ya zinthu zamakono. Kutsatira kochitidwa ndi makompyuta anthaŵi zonse, DPC, SPIS, ndi maphunziro a antchito kuyenera kupeŵera chilango.
Kumaliza
GDPR yasinthanso kuyang'anira antchito ku Ireland, ikumachititsa chidwi kuchokera ku kuyang'anira kosaletsedwa ku njira ya malamulo yozikidwa pa kuonekera, kufunika, ndi ulemu kaamba ka ufulu wa munthu wachinsinsi. Olemba ntchito a ku Ireland tsopano amagwira ntchito pansi pa malamulo amene amafuna kulungamitsidwa kwa ntchito iliyonse yoyang'anira, kulimba kwa mapepala, ndi ulemu pa ufulu wa antchito. Pamene kuli kwakuti mavuto akutsalabe . Kulinganiza malonda alamulo ndi nkhani zachinsinsi, kuvomereza, ndi kusinthira ku tekinoloji yatsopano . N’zomveka bwino: Kugonjera kulakwa, ndipo mtengo wa antchito osakhala ogwirizana ndi makompyuta umaposa kutayikitsa kudalirana ndi kudalirika ndi mbiri.
Mabungwe ayenera kupitiriza kukonzanso malamulo awo, kuchita DPI , ndi kutsogolera kuchokera ku DPI Protection Commission . Mwa kukhazikitsa chinsinsi m'madongosolo oyendera, olemba ntchito a ku Ireland angakwaniritse zolinga zawo polimbikitsa chikhalidwe cha kuntchito chimene chimaona kuti ntchito ndi ulemu wa munthu. Lamulolo sililetsa kuyang'anira kogwira mtima; ndilo maziko a ulamuliro wathayo umene, ngati wagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino, umapindulitsa onse aŵiri abwana ndi antchito.
Kuti muŵerenge zambiri, funsani nduna ya , ndi [FLT project'S GDPR shopence , malemba onse a REULATION (EU) 2016/679 / FLT:3], ndi [[FLT:]]B malangizo othandiza pa vidiyo yoyang'anira, .