Kuwonekera bwino m'kuyang'anira ndiko malo a chitaganya cha demokrase. Kumatheketsa nzika kukhala ndi mlandu wa atsogoleri awo, kuzindikira mmene chuma cha anthu chimaperekedwera, ndi kukhala ndi phande m’kupanga zosankha. Pakati pa njira zogwira mtima kwambiri zopangira kuonekera kumeneku pali njira zotseguka zodziŵira, zimene zimatulutsa mokangalika chidziŵitso cha boma m’makompyuta, makompyuta ojambula a magetsi. Mwakupanga zolembera zopezeka mwaufulu kwa anthu, ofufuza, atolankhani, ndi mabizinesi, njira zimenezi sizimalimbitsa chikhulupiriro komanso zimapititsa patsogolo ntchito za anthu. Pamene maboma padziko lonse akulandira kusintha kwa makompyuta, chidziŵitso chotsegulidwa chamakono, anthu a nzika zapamwamba zikulamulira.

Kuzindikira Zofunika za Kudziŵa Zinthu Momasuka

Maluso a chidziŵitso akusonyeza kufalitsidwa kwa dongosolo la zolembedwa za boma . Kufutukula zonse kuchokera ku zowonongedwa za bajeti ndi kugula kwa anthu ku ziŵerengero za upandu ndi kuyang'anira malo okhala . Popanda ziletso pa kugwiritsiranso ntchito kapena kugawira. Cholinga ndicho kupanga zinthu zooneka kumene munthu angapeze, kusanthula, ndi kugwiritsira ntchito chidziŵitso chimenechi kuthetsera mavuto kapena kuyambitsa chidziŵitso chatsopano. Kusintha kwamakono kwa chidziŵitso kwa zinthu kunathandiza kwambiri pa madeko 2000, kosonkhezeredwa ndi .S. Mgwirizano wa Boma la Boma U. U. U. U. UFLD. Ilidi Directive Directive [FLT:] ndi [FLT:] G8] Tchata yamakono ya . Chiyambire mizinda yambiri ya kutsegulidwa kwa madoko, ndi maufumu pakati pa maboma.

Mfundo Zabwino Zothandiza Kulemba

Kuti akhaledi otseguka, chidziŵitso chiyenera kumamatira ku mpambo wa malamulo amakhalidwe abwino okhazikitsidwa bwino. Malamulo khumi otseguka a chidziŵitso amapereka dongosolo lovomerezeka kwa anthu ambiri:

  • Kutheratu:
  • Unduna: [[FLT :1] Data iyenera kufalitsidwa kumagwero ake, ndi kulimba kwapamwamba kothekera.
  • Nthawi: Data iyenera kutulutsidwa mofulumira kwambiri kuti isungike.
  • Kupezeka: Data iyenera kupezeka m'zinthu zambiri, kwaulere, ndi m'mafaelo ojambula ndi makina (m' lekuatiso, CSV, JSON, XML).
  • Non-discrict: Kufikira kuyenera kutsegulidwa kwa onse, popanda kufuna kulembetsa kapena kuloŵa.
  • Kusatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito: mafomu a zinthu a m'zochitika angachititse kugwirizanitsa mosavuta ndi ziŵiya zina ndi ziwiya zakuya.

Kutsegula Mfundo za Boma

Nkhani zotsegulidwa zimaphatikizapo mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinthu. Magulu ofala amaphatikizapo:

  • Kuwononga ndalama: [[FL:1] malipiro a Boma, mapangano, zopereka, ndi zowonongedwa za madipatimenti.
  • Mautumiki a moyo ndi a zachikhalidwe: kuyendetsa kwa chipatala, kufalikira kwa matenda, kuchuluka kwa katemera, ndi zizindikiro za thanzi la anthu.
  • Upandu ndi chilungamo: [[FLT :1] Malipoti a kusatsata, chidziŵitso cha kumanga, milandu ya khoti, ndi ziŵerengero za ndende.
  • Kujambula ndi geospatial :[[FL:1] Kupima kwa mpweya, chidziŵitso cha nyengo, mapu omanga malo, ndi madongosolo a zoyendera.
  • Kuphunzitsa: [ Kuphunzitsa kwa pasukulu, ziŵerengero za anthu olembetsa, ndi zopereka za ndalama.
  • [[MTL:0] Ilogalamu ndi malangizo: [[FULT:1] zolemba, kukopa, ndi kukonzanso zolemba.

Mwachitsanzo, atolankhani amagwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana pofuna kupeza mmene ziphuphu zimagwirira ntchito, anthu okonza mapulogalamu amagwiritsira ntchito ndandanda ya ntchito, ndipo mabungwe a m’derali amafufuza zaumoyo kuti apeze njira yabwino yothandizira anthu ogwiritsa ntchito njira zimenezi.

Kufunika kwa Kuona Malo Abwino Powalamulira

Kuona padera si njira yokha yopangitsira anthu kukhulupirirana. Pamene nzika ziwona mmene zosankha zimaperekedwera . Zimakhalira ndi amene amakumana nawo, mmene amaperekera bajeti, ndi malamulo oyendetsera zinthu . Iwo amawona kwambiri ziungwe zoikidwiratu kukhala zabwino ndi zoyenerera. Kudalirana, kumalimbikitsa kugonjera mwaufulu ku malamulo ndi misonkho, kuchepetsa kusagwirizana kwa mayanjano, ndi kukhazikitsa malamulo a demokrase. Koma, kukongola kumayambitsa kukayikira, kuipitsa, ndi kuwononga pangano la boma.

Kuŵerengera ndi Kutsutsa

Kutseguliratu chidziŵitso kumalimbitsa kuŵerengera mlandu mwa kupanga machitidwe a boma kuonekera. Mwachitsanzo, pamene mapangano opanga mapangano afalitsidwa ndi kuonekera kwathunthu, mabungwe oyang'anira ndi aulutsi angapereke zinthu zosayenera monga zokwera mtengo kapena mikangano ya chiwongola dzanja. World Bank inapeza kuti mayiko okhala ndi malamulo otseguka kwambiri a chidziŵitso ali ndi mlingo wotsika kwambiri wa kachiphuphu, monga ngati kutsekereza kwa kuwonongeka kwa mafeance . Mofananamo, mabanki otsegula ndalama amalola nzika zapansi olonjezedwa kuyerekezera ndi magalasi osungira zinthu zenizeni, kuwatheketsa iwo kufuna mafotokozedwe a nkhani za kusagwirizana.

Kupita Patsogolo ndi Kukonzanso Chuma

Kuposa kulamulira, kutsegulidwa kwa chidziŵitso kumakulitsa phindu la zachuma. Makampani ndi malungwe a boma amakhazikitsa ma aplogalamu a kuyendetsa malo, kupenda za malo, kuneneratu zanyengo, ndi zikalata za zaumoyo za munthu. McKinsey Global Institute inayerekezera kuti kutsegulira chidziŵitso cha mabiliyoni a madola m’makampani padziko lonse lapansi mwa kuwongolera chipambano ndi kupangitsa mautumiki atsopano. Mwachitsanzo, UK’s data. [[FTLT:1]]

Kutengamo Mbali Kwapoyera Kukukuzidwa

Kuona padera kumathandizanso kuti anthu akhale ndi ufulu wodziwitsana. Ngati anthu ali ndi chidziŵitso chodalirika, akhoza kukhala ndi phande logwira ntchito pofufuza anthu onse, kupanga malamulo ogwirizana, ndi kukambirana mozindikira nkhani za kusintha kwa nyengo kapena kulinganiza kwa mizinda. Kutsegulira zinthu kumachepetsa chopinga cholowa m'mabungwe a anthu, kuwapatsa umboni wochirikiza kusintha. Mwachitsanzo, ku Brazil, magulu a anthu a m'dziko anagwiritsira ntchito njira zoonera zinthu zomangira sukulu, zomwe zikuchititsa kuti zinthu ziwongoleredwa ndi kukonzanso katundu wa za m'mafakitale.

Kufufuza Njira Zothandiza Kudziŵa Zinthu Zopezeka

Maboma ambiri asonyeza kuti chidziŵitso chotseguka chingapereke zotulukapo zowonekera.zi zikusonyeza machitidwe abwino koposa ndi zotulukapo zokhoza kutsutsidwa.

United Kingdom: Accounts.gov.uk

Inapangidwa mu 2010, data.gov.uk ndi imodzi ya mabogi otseguka kwambiri a chidziŵitso padziko lonse, yophatikizapo madanga oposa 50,000 kuchokera ku madipatimenti a boma ndi mabungwe. Pulogalamuyi inapangidwa ndi njira zothandizira anthu ogwiritsa ntchito intaneti, kuphatikizapo mafomu a zofunsira za masamu ndi chitaganya chopatulidwa. Yathandiza kukonza zinthu monga Kupeza Zanga Zapafupi [[FLT:]] API , maaumboni a utumiki akwawo, ndi mbiri yakale ya [FLT:] utumiki, kulola ogula galimoto kutsimikizira maboti a galimoto. 2020 akuyerekezera kuti doko la ma £ £5 .5 biliyoni a zipatalansi ya za anthu ndi kuyendetsa zinthu zachuma zoyendetsedwa bwino.

Mzinda wa New York: NYC Yotsegulira Chidziŵitso

. Ilo tsopano limalamulira masamu oposa 3,000, kuphatikiza pa 311 zifuno za ntchito yofufuza ndi kugulitsa katundu. Malo a pa kampani agwiritsiridwa ntchito ndi atolankhani kuvumbula zopinga m'mautumiki a kuyeretsa, ndi ofufuza kujambula kutentha, ndi kumanga zipangizo zopangira katundu. Mzindawo umapanganso “Malo Otsegula a Thurs Cooke [1] ndi masewero a matalente, kutsimikizira kuti chidziŵitsocho sichimafalitsidwa kokha koma chikugwiritsiridwa ntchito.

Estonia: Chitsanzo cha Magulu a Maboma

Estonia wagwirizanitsa chidziŵitso chotseguka m'makompyuta ake apamwamba, kuphatikizapo X-Road [[FLT :1] . . . . . . . . . . Nzika zingapeze ndandanda za za thanzi la izo, misonkho, ndi malo olembetsera zinthu zoikizidwa, pamene kuli kwakuti zosakhala ndandanda ya mphamvu ndi njira za pamsewuningo . Kuonekera kumeneku kwathandizira ku madeti apamwamba a Estonia mu Chilango Chapale ndi Eunia ndi Evernation Development . Boma limatulutsanso makhodireji yotseka kwa manambala ake, kugwiritsa ntchitonso njira zina.

4. Kenya: Kutsegulidwa kwa Chigawo cha Accounting

Kenya anatsegula pulogalamu yake yotseguka mu 2011, poyambirira poyang'ana za bajeti, thanzi, ndi maphunziro. Kufufuzako kunali kodziwika chifukwa cha kugogomezera kwake mapulani a anthu ogwiritsa ntchito, kuphatikizapo kutumiza mauthenga a m'manja ndi kukopa. Mabungwe a boma anagwiritsira ntchito zolemba za anthu pofufuza zinthu zimene boma lakhala likufuna. Kufufuza kwa 2016 kunapeza kuti kuonekera bwino kwa malo oonekera bwino m'mafakitale ndi kuchepetsa kusamvera malamulo a zaumoyo. Zokumana nazo za Kenya zimasonyeza kuti ntchito yotsegulira zinthu zachinsinsi ingakhale yothandiza ngakhale m'malo oyendetsera zinthu za boma.

Mavuto Amene Amakhalapo Pogwiritsa Ntchito Zolemba za pa Intaneti

Ngakhale kuti zinthu zimapindula kwambiri, njira zodziŵira zinthu zimakumana ndi mavuto aakulu.

Kudziwa Zinthu Zokha

Malamulo oteteza zinthu amafunika kusiyanitsa bwino zinthu zimene anthu akudziwa. Masewero okhala ndi mayina, maadiresi, kapena anthu ena odziwika ayenera kutchulidwa bwino kapena kugawidwa kuti atetezedwe. Maboma ambiri atengera njira zachinsinsi mwa kugwiritsa ntchito njira, monga zipangizo zothandizira anthu opanga zinthu komanso mapangano okhwima. Komabe, ngozi ya kuswa dzina kapena kusiyanitsa zinthu idakali nkhaŵa, kufunikira madongosolo a boma apadera ndi kuyang'anira zinthu zoyendera bwino.

Kudziŵa Zinthu ndi Kukhazikitsa Uchifumu

Kutsegulira masamu kuli kothandiza kokha ngati kuli kolondola, kokwanira, ndi kosasintha. Masamu ambiri a boma amavutika ndi metadata yopanda pake, mapindu osoŵa, kapena mafomati osagwirizana. Kuikidwa m'mabungwe ambiri kumafookera, kumapangitsa kusanthula kopimira mtanda wokulira kukhala kovuta. Kutchula zimenezi, maboma ena apanga magulu a ma data ogwira ntchito (m'jerect , mawu a DAT kaamba ka ma a ma alcatalog ) ndi kuikidwa m'zati za makompyuta. Popanda zoyesayesa zimenezi, ogwiritsira ntchito angataye chikhulupiriro m'zo.

Kulimbana ndi Mabungwe ndi Kulephera Kugwira Ntchito

Kupereka chidziŵitso chotseguka kumafuna kusintha kwa chikhalidwe m'boma. Oyang'anira ntchito angakane kugawana chidziŵitso chifukwa cha kuwopa kusuliza, kusoŵa zisonkhezero, kapena zizoloŵezi zotetezera. Ndiponso, mabungwe ambiri alibe ntchito zaluso kapena zofunika kuti afalitse chidziŵitso mosasintha. Kuyesayesa kopambana kaŵirikaŵiri kumapanga malamulo apamwamba aŵiri ndi nyumba ya pansi pa mlingo, kulangiza oyang’anira ntchito za chidziŵitso ndi ochirikiza chidziŵitso opatulidwa m'dipatimenti iliyonse. Andale andale amasoŵa kutsogolera kuti athetse kufalikira.

Kuthandiza Kupeza Malo Osungira Zinthu ndi Kuchirikiza

Kusunga chidziŵitso chotseguka ndi kuchisunga kumafuna kupitirizabe kupereka ndalama kwa olemba, mapulogalamu, ndi othandizira ogwiritsa ntchito. Ndalama zothandizira ntchito ya kanthaŵi kochepa zingatsogolere ku kutayidwa kapena kuthyoka kwa mapangano. Machitidwe abwino kwambiri amaphatikizapo kutsegula zinthu m'maudindo anthaŵi zonse AI, kupanga ofesi yopatulidwa (monga ngati UK’s Open Data Institute ), ndi kufufuza kugwirizana kwa anthu onse kuti agaŵane ndi ndalama. Kulimba kungadalirenso kuonetsa phindu la ndalama zopitiriza.

Njira Zothandiza Kuti Zinthu Zizidziwika Bwino

Kuti athetse mavuto amenewa, maboma angagwiritse ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zochitira umboni.

Kudziloŵetsa m’Magulu Ankhondo Kuyambira Poyamba

Maluso otseguka a chidziŵitso akusonyeza ofalitsa malembo ndi ogwiritsira ntchito makompyuta kukhala opanga a kampani. Zimenezi zimatanthauza kuloŵetsamo chitaganya cha anthu, atolankhani, maphunziro, ndi mabizinesi popanga madeti a matheki, kukhazikitsa masamu, ndi kupereka chivomerezo pa kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Makampani monga ngati kufufuza kwapoyera, ogwiritsira ntchito oimba, ndi kufufuza kwanthaŵi zonse kumathandiza kulinganiza bwino zinthu. Mwachitsanzo, mzinda wa Buenos Aires umasunga “Aup CD [1] pamene nzika zimayambitsa chidziŵitso chatsopano ndi kuthandiza okhalapo.

Muike Malamulo a Chidziŵitso ndi Miyezo

Maboma ayenera kutengera miyezo ya chidziŵitso yofala, yonga ngati Kutsegulira Active Standard [FLT :1] kapena [[FLT ] International Iffect Intection Initive Intection [1] (FLT]3]). Kugwiritsira ntchito malongosoledwe osasintha kutheketsa chidziŵitso kulumikizana ku maulamuliro ndi kusanthula pamlingo. Kusungidwa kwa AP Ism (Motiondificiations) mmalo mwa kulimbikitsa makompyuta enieni a nthaŵi yojambula. Zosungiramo za filimu ndi madansi a thambo zingachepetse kujambula ndi kuwongolera kulowa kwa munthu.

Muziphunzira Kuwerenga ndi Kuphunzira

Ogwira ntchito a boma ndi anthu a m'dziko amafunikira maluso kuti agwiritsire ntchito bwino. Maprogramu ophunzitsa antchito a m’dziko osunga zinthu, kuonera, ndi makhalidwe angachepetse kulephera kwa anthu. Kwa anthu, maboma angalinganize masuti, ma crathonson, ndi ma Intaneti. Kulemba ndi kulemba zinthu pasukulu kutsimikizira mibadwo yamtsogolo kukhala yokonzekera kuchita ndi chidziŵitso chotseguka. Open Data Institute [1]

Pangani Kulamulira Koyenera ndi Makampani Opanga Malamulo

Malamulo omveka bwino oletsa kulembedwa kwa madata, achinsinsi, ndi ogwiritsiridwanso ntchito n’ngofunika. Zolemba zambiri zotseguka zimafalitsidwa pansi pa malaisensi ngati Commons Atgate 4.0 kapena Op a Boma [[FLT:]] Loise Laisensi ya Boma [, imene imalola malonda ndi osakhala a bungwe la ogulitsa zinthu kugwiritsa ntchito moyenerera. Maboma ayeneranso kukhazikitsa mkulu wa a za madata kapena mkulu wa za makompyuta woyang'anira ntchito a pulogalamu a . Mafti anthaŵi zonse ndi kupita patsogolo kwa anthu kumasunga njira.

Yesani Kuthandiza Ena Kuti Azilankhulana Bwino

Kufufuza ma metric . monga ma metal ofalitsidwa, maulendo apawebusaiti, kukopa, ndi kukhutiritsa kwa nzika za anthu otsala . Makampani asonyeza kubwereranso pa zoikizira. Chofunika kwambiri n’chakuti, kufufuza kotsegulira kwa masinthidwe a kayendetsedwe ka zinthu, ndalama zimene anasunga, kapena mautumiki atsopano kuyenera kugawiridwa ndi anthu ambiri. Kufotokoza kumamanga chichirikizo cha ndale zadziko ndi kulimbikitsa mabungwe ena kuti achite nawo. Mwachitsanzo, mzinda wa Chicago umapereka lipoti la mbiri yotsegulidwa pachaka yosonyeza mmene ntchito ndi mapindu a zachuma.

Kumaliza

Kufufuza kotseguka sikuli kokha kugwiritsa ntchito kwa luso; kuli kotheketsa kuonekera, kuŵerengera, ndi kulabadira. Mwakupanga chidziŵitso cha boma kukhala chopezeka mwaufulu, njira zimenezi zimapatsa nzika mphamvu zofufuza ntchito za anthu, kutengamo mbali m'zosankha, ndi kupanga zinthu zatsopano. Kufufuza kochokera ku UK, New York, Estonia, ndi Kenya kumasonyeza kuti pamene zichitidwa bwino, chidziŵitso chotsegulidwa chingachepetse ziphuphu, kukonzanso mautumiki, ndi kukonzansonso chidaliro chawo m'mabungwe a democracy. Komabe, chipambano chimafuna kusungidwa kwa ndale, kusungidwa kwa zinthu ndi zigwirizano zimene zidzagwiritsira ntchito. Monga momwe kuyang'anira kwa makompyuta kusinthitsa, chidziŵitso chotsegulira chidzakhala chida chofunika kwambiri kuti maboma asawoneke mowoneratu koma kuti atse anthu awo azitumikira.