Magwero a Mbiri: Kumanga Chigwirizanocho

Ubale pakati pa Ulster Unionist Party (UUUP) ndi Orange Order ndi umodzi wa maunansi olongosola ndi otsatirapo kwambiri m'mbiri yamakono ya ndale zadziko ya Britain ndi Ireland. Maziko ake afikira ku malo ampatuko a kumapeto kwa zaka za 18 zapakati pa Ireland, kukhazikitsa UP. Orange Order, yoyambitsidwa mu 1795 pambuyo pa Nkhondo ya Diamond, inakhazikitsidwa monga gulu la Aprotesitanti lodzipereka kuchirikiza Chiprotesitanti Ascreancy ndi kukhulupirika ku Briteni. Kwa zaka zoposa zana limodzi, inapereka msanganizo wamphamvu wa kugwirizana kwa chipembedzo ndi ziwalo za ndale kaamba ka mgwirizano wa chigamu.

Pamene ndawala ya ulamuliro wa Palamende ya Ireland inakula mphamvu chakumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 19, kufunika kwa galimoto yachikhalidwe yandale kunaonekera kwa atsogoleri. Kupambana kwa gulu la Parliary Parliary parite pansi pa Charles Stewart Parnell anatumiza kuswa kwa Ulster's protestanti. Mu 1905, Ulster Unionism Council (UUUC) inakhazikitsa pamodzi, kubweretsa pamodzi magulu a mgwirizano wa maukwati. Mokulira, malamulo a UUC adasunga 50 a mipando 100 ya mamembala ake a Orange Oracle Ordern. Kugwirizana kumeneku kunapereka Ordern kulongosola mwachindunji njira ndi utsogoleri wa gulu latsopanolo. UUP siina anangochotsapo chivoti, kuyambira kukhazikitsa kwake, gulu la Orangedwa ndi atsogoleri ake oyambirira a Ostreusson, kuphatikizapo Apner, Asner, Ornerner, amene anali otchuka pa ntchito yawo andale ndi andale.

Chigwirizano chimenechi chinafikira pakusintha kwa nkhondo ya UP kuchokera ku gulu la ndale zadziko m'Chilango Chachitatu cha Kulamulira kwa Home. Solemn League ndi Covenant ya 1912 adasainidwa ku Ulster, kaŵirikaŵiri m'ma holo a Orange ndi m'misonkhano ya alendo. Orange Order adapereka gulu lomangira la gulu la kusonkhanitsa kumeneku, kusintha ndawala ya UUP kuchokera ku gulu la ndale zadziko ku mpikisano wachipembedzo wa nkhondo yowopsa. Ulster Colunior Cooc Force (UVF), inapangidwa mu 1913, kuchokera ku Orangendo za maleshoni ake ndi ziwalo. Nyengo imeneyi inalimbitsa lingaliro lakuti mgwirizano ndi Orangedwa ndi Orangedwa ndi mbali ziŵiri za ndalama. Isitala ya nkhondo yomayankhulitsa ndi nkhondo yotsatira ya ufulu wa ufulu wa ufulu wa ufulu wa ufulu wa ufulu wa ufulu, kuwonjezera kuchirikiza u Britain ndi kutchuka kogwirizana ndi ku UUganda kukhala koyenerera kwenikweni.

Zonulirapo Ziŵiri: Kumanga Boma Lachiprotesitanti kaamba ka Anthu Achiprotesitanti

Pambuyo pa kugaŵidwa kwa Ireland ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa Northern Ireland mu 1921, UUP inalamulira popanda kudodometsedwa kwa zaka zoposa 50. Mkati mwa nyengo imeneyi, kugwirizana ndi Orange Order kunakhala mbali yodziŵika ya bomalo. Nduna yaikulu James Craig, pambuyo pake Lord Craigavon, analengeza kuti bomalo linali "Palamenti ya anthu a Chiprotesitanti. Ili si nkhani wamba. Boma la UUUP linakhazikitsa mwatsatanetsatane ulamuliro wa ndale ndi chikhalidwe wa bungwe la Aprotestanti, ndi Orangendo ndi gulu loyang'anira zipata ndi mphamvu ya kuyendetsa.

Ntchito, Nyumba, ndi Kulamulira

Chisonkhezero cha Order chinafalikira mu mlingo uliwonse wa moyo wa anthu. Malo aakulu a Job ku magawo onga kumanga ngalawa, unjiniya, ndi utumiki wa anthu onse anali ofala. Chinali chinsinsi choonekera chimene ofunsira achikatolika anayang'anizana ndi zopinga zosagonjetseka m'maindasitale ambiri. Kukhala chiŵalo cha boma la kumaloko cha "Tcherec" ndi kuyanjana ndi anthu kunali kofunika kwambiri kukonza nyumba ndi ntchito m'mabungwe olamulira. UUP siip inalekerera dongosololipilo lokha; inachirikiza mwamphamvu mayanjano a anthu a m'dziko mwachibadwa "aunansi odalirika" adatanthauza kuti kukhala chigamu cha "abwino" cha chipembedzo ndi kulinganiza kwa anthu ndi ntchito zambiri m'mabungwe olamulira a bungwe la olamulira. UUganda inathandiza kwambiri.

Mabungwe a Malamulo a Boma ndi Chitetezo

Chisonyezero chomvekera bwino kwambiri cha mgwirizano umenewu chinali Ulster Special Conssabulally (USC), yodziŵika kwambiri monga B-Specials . Inayamba mu 1920, pafupifupi nthaŵi ino, mphamvu zachiprotesitanti zokha zinatengedwa mokulira kuchokera ku gulu la Orange Order. Ma B-Special adagwiritsiridwa ntchito kutsendereza kutsutsa ufulu wa dziko ndipo adaopedwa kwambiri m'midzi ya Akatolika. Mabungwe a Akatolika, anali osunga malire ndi otetezera chikhulupiriro. Boma UUP linawapanga iwo kukhala chida chodalirika kwambiri cha boma kuposa apolisi anthaŵi zonse. Kugwirizana kumeneku, mokhulupirika, dongosolo lachigwirizano, ndi chisungiko zinapanga dongosolo lolamulira. Chilichonse cha Orangedwa ndi chigaŵenga cha ulamuliro cha UP, chipani chandale chimene chinawafunsa chigawa, ndi kutsutsa chipani chandale.

Makoswe m’Nyumba: Mavuto ndi Kusokonezeka kwa Ndale zadziko

Gulu la ufulu wachibadwidwe la kumapeto kwa ma 1960 linavumbula maumboni a kuchuluka kwa boma la Orange. Pamene boma la UUP pansi pa Captain Terence O'Neill linayesa kusintha kochepa, kugwirizana ndi Orange Order kunayamba kusonyeza kupanikizika kwakukulu. O'Neill anazindikira kuti dongosolo lakale silinathe, koma zoyesayesa zake zomanga maulalo ndi Dublin ndi kukwaniritsa zofuna za Akatolika zinaonedwa kukhala chinyengo ndi ogwirizana mwamphamvu ndi atsogoleri a Orange. Iye anakakamizidwa kuchoka ku ofesi mu 1969, mkhole wa magulu enieniwo amene anafuna kulinganiza zinthu.

Kutha kwa Ulamuliro Wachigumula ndi Wolunjika

Kubuka kwa Mavuto ndi kutha kwa Nyumba ya Malamulo ya Tsitsi mu 1972 kunasonyeza kulephera kwakukulu kwa ntchito ya UP-Orange. Dongosolo la ulamuliro wa mgwirizano, lotsogozedwa ndi chipani ndi lamulo, linali litagwa. Brian Faulkner, Mkulu wa Aupo Prime, anayesa kubwezeretsa mkhalidwewo kudzera ku Sunningale Region, imene inalinganiza mphamvu yolamulira. Orange Order, m'chigwirizano ndi Ian Paisley, yosagwirizana ndi Dreantist Union (DUP), yomalizira ndi Sun Prime. Msonkhano wa Ulster Woyendetsa ntchito zamphamvu wa 1974, umene unabweretsa mphamvu zoyendetsa ntchito, unachirikizidwa kwambiri ndi Orangedwa ndi nthaŵi yosafunikayi. Urecton adatsatira U Orgated Regement Regement Regement.

Chipangano cha Anglo - Irish chinapereka pangano lachiairishi lofuna ntchito ku Northern Ireland. UUP pansi pa James Molyneaux, woyang'anira ndi wotsogolera wa gulu la Orangeman, adagwirizana kwambiri ndi Lamulo la kutsutsa anthu ambiri. "Ulster Sat No" inali mkupiti wopanga wogwirizana, wogogomezera kuti pa kusintha konse kwa ndale zadziko, UUP adadalirabe pa gulu la Orange Order's broot kusonkhanitsa unansi wa bungwe la oferatoriate. Komabe, kutsutsana ndi UUP kunakhala chiwopsezo chofunikira. Pamene kuli kwakuti kutulutsa kwa lamulo la malamulo andale, DUP kuwonjezerapo mwa kunena kuti, mfundo zotsimikizirika, zosagwedetsedwa za Orangedwa ndi Orange.

Kusweka kwa Magazi ndi David: Mbali Yoipa

Garvaghy Road mkangano mu Portadown ndi Drumcree mentoffs ya ma 1990 inakhala masinthidwe a mgwirizano. David Trimble, amene anakhala mtsogoleri wa UUP mu 1995, anali wophunzira ndi chiŵalo cha Orange Order . Wotchukayo anayenda pansi pa Garvaghy Road mu 1995, kuiwala ndi Ian Paisley , adaimira kugwirizana kogwirizana. Komabe, zimenezi zinatsimikizira kukhala chida chachikulu cha mgwirizano. Trimble chipambano chachikulu cha ndale zadziko, Chikalata chabwino cha Pandal (GA) cha 1998, chinafuna kusweka kwa Yeroold. GFA inafuna kugwirizana ndi chipani cha dziko la dziko la dziko la Icom, ndi kusintha kwa zida zankhondo.

Orange Order inakana mwalamulo Chipangano Chabwino Lachisanu, akumachiwona kukhala kugulitsidwa kwa chirichonse chimene Order inaimira chiyambire 1795. David Trimble anakakamizidwa kutsutsa maziko ake a ndale zadziko. Iye anakhala Nduna Yoyamba ya Northern Ireland pamene anali kuchotsedwa ndi gulu la iye kukhala wa moyo wake wonse. Unansiwo unaswedwa poyera. Trimme anakanikizidwa pa Twerfth ya July a zisonyezero, ndipo Lamulo linamenyetsedwa mokangalika motsutsana ndi GFA m'endendi. Nkhondo yachiŵeni yachi pakati pa chigwirizano chinagawanika UUPTHY. Gululo linataya mbali yake yamwambo monga woimira mgwirizano wa mgwirizano.

Parades Commission ya 1998, yomwe inakhazikitsidwa kuti iyang'anire maulendo otsutsana, inakhala chizindikiro chachikhalire cha zinthu zatsopano zandale. UP, umene unateteza kwa nthaŵi yaitali kuyenera kwa Orange Order kuti ayende panjira iliyonse ya anthu onse, unakakamizidwa kulandira lamulo. Orange Order adaona kuti zimenezi ndi chinyengo. Zotsatira za sankho zinali zachangu ndi zowononga. Dup, osakhudzidwa ndi kulolera molakwa kwa boma ndi kugwirizana ndi Orangers, kutsogolo. Vuto la UUP’s Order linali lomaliza: silingakhalenso gulu la Orange boma, koma silinadziŵe mmene lingakhalire gulu lamakono la anthu. UP adafotokoza chipanicho tsopano kwa zaka 90 chinzake.

Zimene Anthu Akuona M’tsogolomu Ndiponso Zimene Zili Zoona

M’zaka za zana la 21, kugwirizana pakati pa UUP ndi Orange Order kwasintha kuchokera ku makina andale zadziko olinganizidwa kukhala kugwirizana kwa chikhalidwe ndi chitaganya. UP tsopano ndi gulu laling'ono, likufufuza mokhazikika Sinn F&ecute;in, Dupu, ndi Alliance Party . Orange Order, kuyang'anizana ndi kuchepa kwa mamembala ndi kusintha kwa anthu, mwalamulo anatenga kaimidwe ka uchete wandale zadziko pambuyo pa GFA, ngakhale kuti ikali mawu osonkhezera kwambiri chitaganya cha anthu a dziko.

Kufunafuna Chidziŵitso kwa M’gulu la Opaleshoni

Kutsatira UUP atsogoleri a UP alimbana ndi kulinganiza maziko a m'mbiri ndi kufunika kwa kukopa osankhidwa . Atsogoleri onga Mike Nesbitt anayesetsa kusiyanitsa chipanicho ndi kagulu kake kakale, kusumika maganizo pa zathanzi, maphunziro, ndi zolinga zachuma. Komabe, chipanichi chimakhala chokhazikika pakati pa, m'midzi, Chiprotesitanti, chimene chimasankha munthu amene kale ndi gulu la Orange Orange Order. Tom Elliott, amene anatsogolera chipanicho kuyambira 2010 mpaka 2012, anali munthu wotchuka, woimira phepo yake. Mtsogoleri wamakono, Doug Beattie, wosankhidwa mu 201, amaonetsa kuvuta kwa unansi wamakono. Beat Tie ndi woyang'anira asilikali wakale ndi chiŵalo cha Orangendo, koma amagwirizana ndi malingaliro otchuka kwambiri a Orangedwa ndi Old.

Pangano la Kumpoto kwa Ireland ndi Traffor yotsatirapo yayesanso maulamuliro ameneŵa. Orange Order adatsutsa motsutsana ndi makonzedwe a malonda a pambuyo pa Bortit, kuwawona kukhala kuwonongeka kwa malo a Northern Ireland mu United Kingdom. UP, pansi pa utsogoleri wa Beattie, kuchotsedwa pa ulamuliro wa mphamvu mu 2022 pa Protocol , kugwirizanitsa ndi malingaliro a Orangedwa. Komabe, gululo linabwerera ku ulamuliro mu 2024 pambuyo pa kuyambitsidwa kwa ntchito ya kuyendetsa kwanthaŵi yaitali. Kuchenjera kumeneku kunasonyezanso kulimba mtima kwa gulu: kuyenera kusonyeza kugwirizana kwake ndi kutetezera DUP, pamene kulibe kosakhoza kulamulira chigawocho.

Kupirira Choloŵa ndi Kufunika kwa Chikhalidwe

Unansi wa mbiri yakale pakati pa Ulster Unionist Party ndi Orange Order wapereka choloŵa chocholoŵana ndi chopweteka kaŵirikaŵiri ku Northern Ireland. Ilo linalongosola malo akuthupi kupyolera m'maholo a Orange ndi malo otentha moto, kalendala ya ndale zadziko kupyolera pa tchuthi cha July, ndi kuchotsedwa kwa chipembedzo kwa mibadwo ya nyumba zopatulidwa ndi ntchito. Chigwirizanocho sichinali chabe pangano la ndale zadziko; chinali mkhalidwe wakuya wa chikhalidwe umene unalamulira moyo wa anthu, kudziŵika, ndi malire a mudzi.

Nkhani ya masiteshoniyi idakali imodzi ya nkhani yomvetsa chisoni kwambiri ku Northern Ireland. Parades Commission ikupitiriza kutsutsana zimene zakhala zotsatirapo za kutchuka kwa chigawo cha Orange. Kwa aup-Ougend, ubale wa UP ndi chikumbukirizo cha tsankho la boma. Kwa ogwirizana, kutha kwa UUP ndi malamulo a Orange Order kuimira kutayikiridwa kwa ulamuliro ndi kudziŵika.

Pamene kuli kwakuti UUP sulamuliranso UUP ndi Orange Order sachitanso mwambo walamulo pa ndale za chigwirizano, mbiri yawo ikupitiriza kuwonekera kwa nthaŵi yaitali. UP imaonedwabe ndi osankha ambiri monga "apadera a malo ogona," ndi kuipirapo. Orange, mosasamala kanthu za kusaloŵerera kwake kwa boma, idakali gulu lamphamvu koposa la chikhalidwe pakati pa mgwirizano, ndipo mapindu ake akupitirizabe kulongosola kukambitsirana kwa Britain ku Northern Ireland. UUP ikupezekabe kuchokera kwa mmodzi wa olamulira mwachindunji ku ku kulinganiza kwa chikhalidwe ndi ndale zadziko. Masiku a "Orangete" apita, koma nkhani yake yokwera ndi kulephera kumvetsetsa magaŵano andale ndi chikhalidwe a anthu amakono a ku Northern Ireland. UUP ikupezabedwa kukhala gulu laling’ono loyesa kulinganiza malo ake kulinganiza kulinganiza bwino kwa chikhalidwe, pamene kuli kwakuti Lachisanu ndi Lachisanu ndi Lachisanu ndi Lachiwiri lakunja la chiwiri, koma osasinthanso m'chiyambika, kufalikira kwa ubale wa anthu ambiri m'matchalitchi ndi ufulu wambiri m’kaubwenzi ndi ufulu wa zaka khumi ndi