Table of Contents

First Amendment inomira seimwe yedziviriro hurusa muhurumende yehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu yeAmerica, ichibatira sechinhu chikuru chorusununguko rwomunhu nehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu. Iyi gadziriro yebumbiro remitemo inotaura kuti "Konrain haisati ichizoita mutemo pamusoro pokutangwa kwerudzidziso, kana kuti kurambidza kushandiswa kwaro kwakasununguka; kana kuti kuganhurirwa kworusununguko rwokutaura, kana kuti rwemitengo yenhau; kana kuti kodzero yavanhu yokuungana norugare, uye kukumbira Hurumende kugadziridza zvichemo zvezvigumbu." Kunzwisisa ukama hwakaoma pakati pehurumende neFirst Amendment kunokosha nokuda kwomugari wemo wose anoda kushandisa kodzero dzavo dzemitemo apo achiziva miganhuro yepamutemo yokuti vadzivirire kuchengetedzwa kwapachena nenhevedzano.

Kunzwisisa Mutezo Wemitemo Wokutanga: Dziviriro Nenheyo Zvedare

Kudzivirira uku kunosanganisira rusununguko rushanu rwakasiyana runoshanda pamwe chete kuti munhu akwanise kuratidzira uye kutora rutivi mune zvechidhimoni.

Donzo Rapakuvamba Rokuratidzirwa Kwakasununguka

First Amendment inopa munhu ari wose anogara muUnited States maruramiro okunzwa mativi ose enhau iri yose uye kuita zvisarudzo zvavo vamene pamusoro penhau idzodzo pasina vhiringidzo yehurumende kana kuti ganhuriro. Iyi dziviriro inopfuudza zvikuru kupfuura kurukurirano yakapfava. Inofukidza mashoko anotaurwa, kurukurirano yakanyorwa, kutaura kwokufananidzira, uye kuramba kune rugare. Kukura kwedziviriro iyi kunoratidzira nzwisiso yavatangi yokuti nzanga yakasununguka inoda kuti vagari vemo vasvike kumirangariro yakasiana - siana uye mano okuratidzira mirangariro pasina kutya kutsiva kwehurumende.

Pamusoro penhau yacho, First Amendment’s Free Spee Claus inorambidza hurumende kudzvinyirira kana kuti kumanikidza kuwirirana nepfungwa dzakati kana kuti mashoko, zvichireva kuti hurumende haina simba rokuganhurira kutaura nemhaka yeshoko rayo, pfungwa dzayo, nhau yayo, kana kuti zviri mairi. Iyi nheyo inomirira nzvero huru pasimba rehurumende uye inovimbisa kuti vakuru vakuru vehurumende havagoni kunyaradza kana kuti kudzivisa mirangariro isingafarirwi nemhaka bedzi yokuti havabvumirani nayo.

Ganhuriro Dzehurumende: Basa Rebumbiro remitemo

First Amendment inodzivisa bedzi ganhuriro dzehurumende pakutaura uye haidzivisi ganhuriro pakutaura dzinoiswa navanhu voga kana kuti mabhizimisi. Uyu musiano unokosha nokuda kwokunzwisisa apo dziviriro dzebumbiro remitemo dzinoshanda. Makambani epachivande, kubatanidza zvikamu zvemasangano anoshandira nzanga, anogona kutanga miitiro yavo vamene yezviri mukati mezvikuva uye kutaura kune mwero pazvikuva zvavo pasina kuputsa Gadziriro Yokutanga nemhaka yokuti havasi vatambi vehurumende.

Kupfurikidza neKineth Amendment, kodzero yemitemo yeFirst Amendment yerusununguko rwokutaura norusununguko rwokunzwisisa inoshanda kuhurumende nehurumende dzomunzvimbomo, uye masangano ehurumende navakuru vakuru vehurumende vanorambidzwa kudzora kana kuti kuganhurira kutaura kana kuti kutaura kwakavakirwa pazviri mukati kana kuti murangariro. Uku kuwedzerwa kweFirst Amendment kunovimbisa kuti kodzero dzebumbiro remitemo dzinodzivirirwa pamwero yose yechiremera chehurumende.

Zvipingamupinyi zvezvinenge zvirimo zvakadzika midzi.

Kumwe kwokusiyana kunokosha zvikuru mumutemo weFirst Amendment kunobatanidza musiyano pakati peganhuriro dzakavakwa nedzisiri dzapamuromo nedzisina kubatanidzwa pakutaura.

Ganhuriro Dzakavakirwa Pazvinhu Zvine Mativi uye Kunzvera Kwakasimba

Mitemo yakavakirwa pazvainoreva inodzora kutaura kwakavakirwa pachinhu chayo, nepo mitemo isina kubatanidzwa inodzora kazhinji kazhinji nguva, nzvimbo, uye mutoo wokutaura, uye hurumende inotakura mutoro unorema mukudzivirira ganhuriro dzakavakirwa pazvirimo, sezvo ichidzorwa nokusanonzvera. Pasi pokunzverwa, mitemo inodzora kutaura kwakavakirwa pazviri mukati kana kuti murangariro inofanira kusanogadzirirwa kubatira fariro dzinogombedzera.

Mutemo wokutaura unotsigirwa nezviri mukati kana mutemo uchishanda kukutaura chaiko nemhaka yemusoro unokurukurwa kana kuti pfungwa kana kuti shoko rinotaurwa. Marudzi aya eganhuriro nenzira isina mufungo ndeokusawirirana nemhaka yokuti anodenha mashoko chaiwo kana kuti mirangariro, achimutsa itiro hanya pamusoro pokunzvera kwehurumende nefungira. Kusarura murangariro kunoitika apo mutemo unobvumira mumwe murangariro asi unoganhurira mumwe panhau imwe cheteyo, uye mitemo yakadaro inowanzova yadzorwa nokusanonzvera.

Mitemo Isina Kupindira

Mitemo isina kubatanidzwa inodzokororwa muchimiro chenzvero yapakati, uko kunoreva kuti sezvingabvira zvikuru inokwanisa kupukunyuka denho. Iyi mirau inonangidzira ngwariro pamaitiro, nguva, kana kuti nzvimbo yokutaura panzvimbo payo panzvimbo peshoko rimene. Hurumende ingaisa ganhuriro dzine mufungo panguva, nzvimbo, kana kuti mutoo wokutaura kwakadzivirirwa, kana ganhuriro dzacho dzichiruramiswa pasina nongedzero kumashoko akarongwa, kuti dzakasanogadzirirwa zvishoma kubatira fariro inokosha yehurumende, uye kuti dzinosiya mikoto inozaruramira mipimo inowirirana yakasiana nokuda kwekurukurirano yamashoko.

Hurumende ingaganhurira kazhinji kazhinji nguva, nzvimbo, kana kuti mutoo wokutaura, kana ganhuriro dzisina kufanana neizvo kutaura kwacho ndokusiya vanhu vane dzimwe nzira dzakaringanira dzokuratidzira nadzo mirangariro yavo, uye somuenzaniso, hurumende ingaganhurira kushandiswa kwamagudzanzwi munzvimbo dzinogarwa, ganhurira ratidziro dzose dzinovhara motokari, kana kuti kurambidza kusarudzwa kwose kwemisha yavanhu. Aya marudzi eganhuriro anorangarirwa kuva ane mufungo nemhaka yokuti anobatira fariro dzehurumende dzapamutemo mukuchengeta nhevedzano yavose uye kudzivirira kunaka kwoupenyu hwavagari vemo pasina kuisa ngwariro pamashoko akananga kana kuti mirangariro.

Marudzi Okutaura Kusingadzivirirwi

Dare Repamusorosoro rakaongorora matauriro akasiyana - siyana anobudiswa kunze kweFirst Amendment nemhaka yokuti vanhu havatombonyanyi kufarira kudzivirirwa uye vangangokuvadzwa.

Mugadzikiso Womuenzaniso Weganhuriro Dzokutaura

Mutoo wakakwana wemirau yakavakirwa pazviri wokutaura unobva muChaplinsky v. New Hampshire, umo Dare rakarangarira kuti kune mapoka akati ekutaura akasanotsanangurwa uye akaganhurirwa ayo asina rutivi runokosha rwekutsanangurwa kupi nokupi kwepfungwa, uye ndeeukoshi huduku hwakadaro hwenzanga senhano kuzvokwadi zvokuti hurumende ingadzivisa kutaura ikoko nokuranga avo vanokutaura pasina kumutsa nhau dzipi nedzipi dzebumbiro remitemo.

Marudzi ekutaura kusinganyanyi kudzivirirwa neFirst Amendment anosanganisira zvinonyadzisa, kubiridzira, zvinonyadzisira zvevana, kutaura kunoitwa kuti zvive zvisiri pamutemo, kutaura kunonyandura chiito chokusateerera mutemo chiri pedyo, kutaura kunopesana nomutemo wezvepfuma, tyisidziro dzechokwadi, uye kutaura kwezvokutengeserana kwakadai sokushambadzira. Masangano ose aya akanyatsotsanangurwa mumakumi emakore eDare Gurukota Gurusa reMitemo yeMitemo yeNyika Yose kuti ave nechokwadi chokuti kunze kwedziviriro dzeFirst Amendment dzinoramba dziripo uye dzinosanotsanangurwa zvakanaka.

Kunyandurira Chiito Chisina Kutsaurwa Chomutemo

Rusununguko rwokutaura nerwunobudisa nhau harubvumiri nyika kurambidza kushandiswa kwesimba kana kuti kuputswa kwomutemo kunze apo kudzora kwakadaro kunonangidzirwa kukunyandura kana kuti kuparira chiito chokusateerera mutemo chiri pedyo uye sezvingabvira kunyandura kana kuti kuita chiito chakadaro. Uyu mupimo, wakatangwa muBrandenburg v. Ohio, unomirira dziviriro inokosha nokuda kwokutaura kwezvamatongerwe enyika uye kudzora nepo uchibvumira hurumende kudzivisa kutaura kunoparira ngozi nokukurumidza kuchengeteka kwavanhu.

Kunyandura (-) mashoko ayo ari ose ari maviri "kunyandura kana kuti kuita chiito chokusateerera mutemo chiri pedyo uye sezvingabvira kunyandura kana kuti kuita chiito chakadaro"(hakuna kudzivirirwa neFirst Amendment). Mativi makuru eiyi muedzo anoda zvose zviri zviviri kuparira chiito chokusateerera mutemo chiri pedyo uye bviro yokuti chiito chakadaro chichaitika zvomenemene. Kudzorwa kwekuputswa kwomutemo, kunyange kana kuchigumbura kana kuti kumutsa nharo, kunoramba kuri kutaura kwakadzivirirwa pasi pouyu mupimo.

Kupandukira uye Kutaura Kwenhema

Kuzvidzwa kunobatanidza kutaura kwenhema kwakati kweidi pamusoro pomunhu anotaurwa namashoko (murevi) kana kuti mukunyora (ribel), uye seshoko rokuzvidza, mativi okuzvidza anotsamira pamutemo wapamutemo wapamutemo wapamutemo wehurumende uye Dare Rapamusorosoro rakasununguka. Kunyange zvakadaro, kunyange zvazvo kutaura kwokuzvidza kurangarirwa kuva kutaura kusina kudzivirirwa, Dare rakaziva miganhu yeFirst Amendment panjodzi dzinopa mhaka, uye muzvinoitika apo kutaura kwacho kune chokuita nemutongi kana kuti munhu, mutezo unozvidza mukurukuri wacho unofanira kuratidzira kuti mushandisi we "shanje," ndiko kuti, zivo yokuti kutaura kwacho kwakanga kuri kwenhema kana kuti kuzvidza pamusoro pezvokwadi yako.

Hapana kupesana kwavose neFirst Amendment nokuda kwokutaura kwenhema. Panzvimbo pezvo, semutemo wavose, nhema dzinodzivirirwa, nokusarerekera kwapashoma napaduku kwakadai sokuzvidza, kunyengera, kushambadzira kwenhema, kunyengera, uye kureva nhema mukati mehurumende yapamutemo inopfuurira, uye kunyange nhema dzamaune pamusoro pehurumende dzinodzivirirwa zvizere. Iyi dziviriro nokuda kwokuziva kwenhema kweDare kuti kutaura kwenhema hakudzivisiki mukurukurirano yavose yakasimba uye kuti kubvumira hurumende kuranga kutaura kwose kwenhema kungaita ngozi dzisingagamuchiriki dzokunzvera.

Uori uye Zvinonyadzisira Zvevana

MuMiller v. California (1973), Dare Rapamusorosa rakaronga mupimo wezvitatu zvinobatanidza zvinhu zvinofanira kusangana kuti zvirangarirwe sezvinonyangadza zviri pamutemo: kana munhuwo zvake, achishandisa mipimo yenzanga yepanguva imwe cheteyo, aizowana kuti basa, rinoitwa rose, rinokurudzira ku "fariro yakanyanyisa muvatano); ringave basa racho rinoratidzira kana kuti rinorondedzera, nenzira inonyadzisa nenzira yapamutemo, mufambiro wevatano; ringava basa, richiitwa sebhuku rose, risina kunyorwa kwamashoko kwaro, kugadzirwa nemifananidzo, zvamatongerwe enyika, kana kuti ukoshi hwesayenzi.

Zvinonyadzisira zvevana zvinomiririra boka rakasiyana rokutaura zvisina kudzivirirwa rine mitemo yakasiyana. Mutemo wacho unoratidza kuti kutaura hakudzivisiki kana ku "chinooneka kuti kunoratidza kuti vana vari pasi pemakore akawanda uye "kuita zvepabonde kana kuti kuratidzira zvinonyangadza kana kuti zvinonyadzisira.

Kutyisidzira Kwechokwadi Namashoko Anorwa

Kutyisidzira kwechokwadi kunosanganisira kutaura kunoratidza kuti munhu ane mufungo angataura achireva kuti ane chinangwa chokuitira mumwe munhu kana kuti boka chisiri chepamutemo.

Kurwa mashoko kunorondedzerwa sokutukwa kwemarudzi angangokonzera kurwa uye kungarangwa, kunyange zvazvo kutsinhira nhau dzezvamatongerwe enyika, dzechitendero, kana kuti dzenzanga kungasarangwa, kunyange kana vamwe vanhu vakagumburwa kwazvo nokurwa.

Kubiridzira uye Kutaura Zvinokonzera Kuzvibata Kwoutsotsi

Nepo First Amendment isingarambidzi kutaura kwenhema kana kuti kunotsausa, marudzi akati okutaura kwokunyengera anokundikana kudzivirira, uye hurumende kazhinji kazhinji inogona kuisa mutoro nokuda kwokushambadza kwenhema kana kuti pavakurukuri vanoita nokuziva kusabvumirana kwechokwadi kuti vawane mari kana kuti zvimwe zvinhu zvinobetsera (zvakadai sebasa).

Dare Gurusa rakachengeta First Amendment haridziviriri "kutaura kana kuti kunyora kunoshandiswa sorutivi rukuru rwomufambiro mukuputswa kwomutemo weutsotsi," uye chikumbiro chetsotsi pakupfura pfuti kuti upe mari yako hachisi kutaura kwakadzivirirwa, kana kuti kuva tsotsi, chirongwa cheutsotsi, kana kuti kukumbira kuita mhaka yakati. Matauriro aya haadzivisirwi nemhaka yokuti anokosha kuutsotsi panzvimbo pokupa mupiro kuhurukuro yavose kana kuti kutsinhanhano yepfungwa.

Zvinhu Zvinokosha Nechiremera Chehurumende

Mwero wedziviriro yeFirst Amendment unogona kusiana zvichitsamira pamashoko akapoteredza umo kutaura kunoitika uye ukama pakati pomukurukuri nehurumende.

Zvinhu Zvehurumende Nezvirongwa Zvevanhu Vose

Kutaura pamigwagwa yakagadzirwa nehurumende uye mumapaki (zvinonzi "masangano avose egamuchidzanwa) kwakadzivirirwa pakudzvinyirirwa kwehurumende sekutaura kuri panzvimbo yomukurukuri amene. Idzi nzvimbo dzavanhu dzamagamuchidzanwa dzakashandiswa kare nokuda kwegungano ravose nekurukurirano, uye hurumende inotarisana neganhuriro huru dzebumbiro remitemo pakuedza kuganhurira kutaura munzvimbo idzodzi.

Zvisinei, kutaura pamusoro penyika yehurumende kana kuti muzvivako zvehurumende kungaganhurirwa kazhinji kazhinji, kana hurumende isingasaruri pahwaro hwemurangariro wekutaura. Mwero wedziviriro unotsamira pakuti zvinhu zvehurumende zvinorongwa senzvimbo yavose yegamuchidzanwa, nzanga yakasarudzwa, nzanga yakaganhurirwa, kana kuti nzanga isiri yavanhu. Chirongwa chimwe nechimwe chine mipimo yakasiana nokuda kweganhuriro dzehurumende dzinobvumirwa.

Zvikoro Negadziriro Dzedzidzo

Dare Repamusorosoro rakaona kuti zvikoro zvinofarira chaizvo kuchengeta kurongeka uye kusimudzira zvinangwa zvedzidzo zvinoruramisa zvimwe ganhuriro pakutaura kwevadzidzi kusingabvumirwi mune zvimwe zviitiko.

Vadzidzi vechikoro chesekondari, chesekondari, uye chesekondari vangarangwa nokuda kwokutaura zvinhu zvinokanganisa zvikuru muitiro wedzidzo kana kuti kushandisa zvinonyangadza kuchikoro. Zvisinei, vadzidzi havarasikirwi nedziviriro dzose dzebumbiro remitemo pavanopinda muzvinhu zvechikoro. Dare rinodzikamisa kodzero dzevadzidzi dzeFirst Amendment pafariro dzedzidzo dzepamutemo pahwaro hwenhau yenhau.

Ndizvo zvakaitawo hurukuro inotaurwa nevadzidzi veyunivhesiti, kana hurukuro yacho isiri pakurukurirano dzekirasi kana kuti migove yekirasi.College neyunivhesiti dzinowanzowana dziviriro huru zvikuru kupfuura vadzidzi K - 12, vanoratidzira kukura kwavo kukuru zvikuru uye basa regamuchidzanwa redzidzo yapamusoro somusika wepfungwa.

Vashandi Vehurumende

Vashandi vehurumende, somuenzaniso, vangadzingwa nokuda kwokutaura zvinhu zvinodzongonyedza kushanda kwomushandirwi. Dare Rapamusorosoro rakatanga gadziriro yokunzvera kutaura kwehurumende uko kunodzikamisa maruramiro avashandi savagari vemo kuti vatsigire pamusoro penhau dzeitiro hanya yavose pamusoro pefariro dzehurumende somushandirwi mukusimudzira kubudirira kwebasa uye kuchengeta chivimbo chavose mumabasa ehurumende.

Vashandi vehurumende vanochengeta dziviriro dzokutanga pavanotaura savagari vemo voga panhau dzinoitirwa hanya navanhu vose, asi vangatarisana nechirango apo kutaura kwavo kunoziviswa kumabasa avo ehurumende kana kuti apo kunovhiringidza mabasa ebasa. Kunzvera kwacho kunoda matare kurangarira kana mushandi aitaura somugari wemo kana kuti somushandi, kana kutaura kwacho kwaitaura nhau yeitiro hanya yavose, uye kana fariro dzehurumende mubasa dzichibudirira dzichipfuura fariro dzehurukuro dzomushandi.

Mauto Nemajeri

Nezvehondo yeUnited States, hurumende ine simba rakafara zvikuru rokuganhurira kutaura kwavakuru vakuru vehondo, kunyange kana ganhuriro yakadaro ingave isingashandi kune musiri murwi, uye Dare Rapamusorosoro rakasimbisa iyi nheyo apo Dare raichengeta hondo zvikurukuru rakanga riri "nzanga yakazvimirira yakabva munzanga isiri yavanhu voruzhinji", iyo yaida nhungamiro dzorumano zvikuru. Kuraira kwechienzi kwechirango chehondo nokudikanwa kwebatira pamwe kunoruramisa ganhuriro pakutaura kwehondo uko kungava kusina kuwirirana nemitemo yehurumende mumigariro yehurumende.

Apo hurumende inoshanda savatarisiri vemajeri, ine mano makuru okuganhurira kutaura kwakasununguka kwevasungwa, uye zvikurukuru ganhuriro ipi neipi ine chokuita ne “nene mufungo nefariro dzapamutemo dzebumbiro remitemo" inoshanda. uyu mupimo wakakomba unoratidzira itiro hanya dzechengeteko nedenho dzokutarisira dzinobatanidzwa mumabasa okururamisa.

Kudzivirira Kutaura Kwezvokutengeserana

Kutaura kwezvekutengeserana (jekiseni) ine chokuita nekutengeserana uye kushambadzira) inogamuchira dziviriro yeFirst Amendment, asi pamwero wakaderera kupfuura kutaura kwezvamatongerwe enyika kana kuti kwounyanzvi. Matauriro eDare Rapamusorosoro okutaura kwezvokutengeserana akachinja nenzira inokosha mumakumi amakore anoverengeka apfuura.

Kushanduka Kwedzidziso Yemashoko Yokutengeserana

Kutaura kwezvokutengeserana, kutaura kana kuti kunyora kwakaitirwa chinangwa chokuburitsa mari, kwakanga kusina kudzivirirwa kunenge kutangira makore 50 akapfuura, uye kutanga pakati pema1970, Dare repamusorosoro reUnited States rakatanga kugadza miganhu pamano ehurumende okurambidza, kurambidza, kana kuti kumanikidza kutaura kwezvokutengeserana muzvimiro zvakasiyana - siyana. Kuchinja uku kwakaziva kuti kutaura kwezvokutengeserana kunoshanda mabasa anokosha mukuzivisa vatengi uye kushayisa mari.

Kushambadza kwezvokutengeserana kungaganhurirwa munzira idzo kumwe kutaura kusingagoni kubviswa kana fariro huru yehurumende ikapfuurira, uye ganhuriro dzakadaro dzinotsigira fariro iyoyo pamwe chete nokuva kusina kunyanyofara. Hurumende ine rusununguko rukuru rwokudzora kutaura kwezvokutengeserana kupfuura kutaura kwezvamatongerwe enyika, zvikurukuru apo kutaura kwezvokutengeserana kuri kwenhema kana kuti kunotsausa.

Muedzo weCentral Hudson

Central Hudson anotanga muedzo wezvikamu zvina kuti aone kana ganhuriro pakutaura kwezvokutengeserana ichiputsa First Amendment: Ko kutaura kwokutengeserana kuri panhau kunobatanidza basa rapamutemo here? Kunotsausa here? Ko hurumende yakasimbisa fariro ye "yokusagona" mukutsigira murairo here? Mutemo wacho unoti fambiro mberi yakananga" fariro yehurumende here? Mutemo wacho unotongo mukuru kupfuura zviri madikanwa kubatira fariro iyoyo here?

Kushambadza kwenhema kana kuti kwokunyengera hakuwani dziviriro yeFirst Amendment, kuchibvumira masangano ehurumende kudzivirira vatengi pamiitiro yebhizimisi yokunyengera pasina kukanganisa mitemo inorambidza kutevedzerwa.

Rusununguko Rwepepanhau

Rusununguko rwemashoko anobudiswa mupepanhau runogovera dziviriro chaidzo nokuda kwavanyori venhau namasangano enhau, vachiziva basa rinokosha iro munobudisa nhau wakasununguka udzori hwehurumende yehurumende.

Bvisa Rusununguko Nekuva Nomutsananguro Kwehurumende

Kodzero yokutaura nekodzero yokubudisa pasi peFirst Amendment yakadudzirwa zvakafara kuti idzivirire vanhu nenzanga pakuedza kudzvinyirira pfungwa nemashoko kunoitwa nehurumende, uye kurambidza kuongororwa kwemabhuku, magazini, nemapepanhau pamwe chete nokudhirowa, mafirimu, nziyo nezvinhu zviri paInternet.

Zvisarudzo zvedare zvemisi ichangobva kupfuura iyi zvakasimbisa dziviriro dzehurumende pakunyengera. Mutongi weUnited States akataura mitemo inoda kuti masangano enhau apedzisire avimbisa kusaunganidza mashoko kutoti vakuru vakuru veVadziviriri vakabvumira nenzira yapamutemo kusunungurwa kwawo zviri pakurwisana neFirst Amendment, vachicherekedza kuti "Avo vakanyoresa First Amendment vaidavira kuti chengeteko yorudzi inoda pepanhau rakasununguka navanhu vanoziva uye kuti chengeteko yakadaro inoiswa mungozi nokudzvinyirirwa kwehurumende kwekutaura kwezvamatongerwe enyika.

Miganhu Padziviriro Dzezvinobudisa Nhau

Kunyange zvazvo rusununguko rwokubudisa nyaya rwakasimba, First Amendment haisununguri mutori wenhau kuti asarudze mutongi mukuru uye kupindura mibvunzo ine chokuita nokuongorora kwemhosva, saka, First Amendment haipi mutori wenhau ropafadzo yokupa uchapupu hwepamutemo hwebvumirano yokuti vanovhara chokwadi chine chokuita nokuongorora kwedare guru kana kuti kuvanza utsotsi hwemanyuko aro kana kuti uchapupu hwaro.

Hurumende ine chiremera chakati chokuwedzera chokuganhurira kutaura paredhiyo neterevhizheni. Ichi chiremera chokuwedzera chinobva mubasa rehurumende mukuzivisa musiyano wezviredhiyo uye mavara echienzi ezvinobudisa nhau, kunyange zvazvo idzi ganhuriro dzisingatambanudziri kutsikirira kutsikirira zvinobudisa nhau, terevhizheni yetambo, kana kuti kurukurirano yeInternet.

Rusununguko Rworudzidziso

First Amendment ine zvikamu zviviri zvezvikamu zvorudzidziso: Kugadzwa kwaClaus, uko kunorambidza hurumende kutanga rudzidziso rwapamutemo kana kuti kufarira rumwe rudzidziso kupfuura rumwe, uye Free Execle Claus, iyo inodzivirira maruramiro avanhu vamwe navamwe okushandisa rudzidziso rwavo rwakasarudzwa pasina vhiringidzo yehurumende.

Kutangwa kwaClaus

Kurambidzwa uku kunoitwa nehurumende, hurumende, hurumende, uye nzvimbo uye mabasa akasiyana - siyana ehurumende, kubvira pachikoro chehurumende kusvika pazviratidziro zvehurumende uye zvisarudzo zvemari.

Matare anoshandisa nzvero dzakasiana - siana kuti aone kana chiito chehurumende chichiputsa Chirongwa chaClaus, kurangarira zvinhu zvakadai sokuti chiito chacho chine chinangwa chenyika, kana fambiro mberi yacho huru kana kuti kuvhiringidza rudzidziso, uye kana kuchiparira hurumende yakanyanyisa kupindwa mungozi norudzidziso.

Kurovedza Claus Kwakasununguka

Free Execle Claus inodzivirira kodzero dzevanhu kuti vachengete zvitendero zvechitendero uye kuti vaite zvavanotenda, kunyange zvazvo dziviriro yomufambiro worudzidziso isina kukwana.Hurumende ingaisa mitemo isingatori rutivi yemitemo yose zvayo yokusarerekera uko nomutoo unotambudza muitiro worudzidziso unoremedza, asi mitemo iyo inodenha zvikurukuru mufambiro worudzidziso kana kuti iyo isiri isina rutivi uye inowanzoshanda kunzvera kwakakomba.

Apo hurumende inoremedza zvikuru kushandiswa kworudzidziso, inofanira kuratidzira kuti mutoro unobatira fariro inogombedzera yehurumende uye unoshandisa mutoo muduku unoganhurira wokufambisira fariro iyoyo.

Kodzero Yokuungana Norunyararo uye Kukumbira

Kuungana uye kukumbira zvine rugare kunoita kuti vagari vemo vakwanise kuronga, kuratidza, uye kutsigira kuchinja kwezvematongerwo enyika uye kwenzanga.

Kodzero Dzemagungano Dzine Rugare

Zvisinei, une kodzero yokuungana norugare uye kunyunyuta muFirst Amendment, kodzero iyi inouya nemitemo pamusoro penguva, nzvimbo, uye mutoo wokuva nechokwadi chokuchengeteka kwavanhu.Hurumende ingaisa ganhuriro dzine mufungo panguva ipi, kupi, uye sei magungano anoitika, asi idzi ganhuriro dzinofanira kuva dzisingagutsikani ndokusiya mikoto yakazaruka yakakwana nokuda kwekurukurirano.

Unogona kuungana pachena kuti utaure mirangariro pasina kudzongonyedzwa nehurumende kana kunyunyuta kukaramba kune rugare, dzimwe nzvimbo dzinoda mvumo dzokuramba kukuru kuti uchengetedze nokurongeka, uye kuvhara motokari kana kuti kuparira masimba masimba kunogona kutungamirira kukusungwa pasinei zvapo nekodzero dzokuramba.Izvi zvinodikanwa zvinodzikamisa kodzero yokuungana nefariro dzehurumende dzapamutemo mukuchengeta nhevedzano yavose nechengeteko.

Kodzero Yokukumbira

Chikamu chechikumbiro chinodzivirira kodzero dzevagari vemo dzokukurukura nevakuru vakuru vehurumende, kukwirira matare mufaira, uye kutsvaka kuchinja mumitemo yehurumende. Chibvumirano ichi chinobatanidza mabasa akasiyana - siyana, kubva pakunyora tsamba kusvikira kuvhota vamiririri kusvikira kuvhotera kudzosa zvikumbiro uye kutora rutivi mutsinhiro dzavose pamirau inokarakadzwa.

Chikumbiro chacho chakarurama chinoshanda somutoo unokosha wokuzvidavirira kwehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu, kuvimbisa kuti vagari vemo vanogona kuita kuti manzwi avo anzwiwe ndokutsvaka kugadziriswa kwezvigumbu.

Venga Kutaura uye Kutaura Kunogumbura

Rimwe ramativi anoitiranwa nharo zvikurusa omutemo weFirst Amendment rinobatanidza dziviriro inopiwa kukutaura kunogumbura, kunovenga, kana kuti kunonyandura.

Hapana Mutungamiriri Wehurumende Anoregwa Nokuda Kwokuvenga

Kutaura kwokuvenga hakusi kudzivirirawo kwose kwokudzivirira kwokutanga, kwokuda kurara nomunhu, kana kuti kwemamwe mafungire anotaurwa, kunowanzodzivirirwa nemitemo, kunyange kana kutaura kwakadaro kuchigumbura vanhu vakawanda zvikuru.

Kutyisidzira kwedzinza hakudzivisiki neFirst Amendment pamwe chete nezvimwe tyisidziro, uye kutaura somunhu oga kutuka kwourudzi kungava kunorangwa pamwe chete namamwe mashoko okurwa, asi kutaura kwakadaro kungasarangwa zvikuru nemhaka yokuti ndokwourudzi, kutsigira vatano, kana kuti kuvenga rudzidziso rwakati.

Kunyange nhandaro, kutaura kwakashata, "kuvenga kutaura kwakaipa" (kutaura kunoshuviwa pamusoro pedzinza rakati, marudzidziso, zvimiro zvevatano, uye zvakafanana), kumhura Mwari (mashoko anogumbura mirangariro yorudzidziso yavanhu), uye mitambo yevhidhiyo yamasimba masimba inodzivirirwa neFirst Amendment. Iyi dziviriro yakafara inoratidzira nheyo yokuti hurumende haifaniri kubatira somupi wemifungo inogamuchirika neisiri.

Kutaura NepaIndaneti

Kuwedzera kweInternet uye kukurukurirana kwemakombiyuta kwakapa denho itsva nemibvunzo nokuda kwomutemo weFirst Amendment.Matare kazhinji kazhinji akatambanudzira nheyo dzegamuchidzanwa dzeFirst Amendment kukutaura paIndaneti apo airwisana nenhau dzechienzi dzinomutswa nezvirongwa zvemichina.

Kudzivirira Kutaura KwepaInternet

Matare akaziva kuti Internet inzvimbo inokosha pakupa hurukuro yavose uye kuti kutaura paIndaneti kunowanzodzivirirwa sezvinoitwa pachishandiswa mutemo wepamutemo.

Dare Repamusorosoro rakaramba kuedza kurambidza kutaura zvinhu zvine chokuita neInternet zvichienderana nokudzivirira vana kana kuti kudzivirira zvinhu zvinokuvadza.

Zvinobudisa Nhau Zvenzanga Nezvikamu Zvevanhu

Facebook nedzimwe nzvimbo dzinobudisa nhau dzenzanga dzinogona kudzora kana kuganhurira kutaura panzvimbo dzadzo nemhaka yokuti dziri masangano avanhu voga. Nheyo iyi yazova inokosha zvikuru sezvo nzvimbo dzinobudisa nhau dzesocial network dzazova nzvimbo huru dzehurukuro yavose. Nepo zvikuva izvi zvinogona kuva nemwero uye zvichishandisa mipimo yazvo zvimene yebasa, hazvisungirwi neganhuriro dzeFirst Amendment nemhaka yokuti makambani emunhu oga panzvimbo pavatambi vehurumende.

Nharo dzinopfuurira pamusoro pokuti hurumende inogona sei kudzora miitiro yezvinobudisa nhau yetsika dzenzanga pasina kuputsa kodzero dzeFirst Amendment. Nhau idzi dzinobatanidza mibvunzo yakaoma pamusoro pechimiro chezvikamu zvemichina uye dzikamo yakafanira pakati pokudzivirira kutaura kwomunhu anoshandisa uye kuremekedza chisarudzo chokunyora nhau.

Kudzikamisa Kuedza Nokuhwirudzura

Matare anoshandisa nzira dzakasiyana - siyana dzokuongorora zvinotaura nezveFirst Amendment, zvichienderana nokuti mashoko anotaurwa sei uye kuti hurumende inorambidza sei kuti vanhu vaende kunzvimbo ipi.

Kunzvera Kwakakomba

Dare Rapamusoro Zvikurusa rakaisa mitemo yaitaura nezvevari kuda kutongwa yakavakirwa pamashoko ayo anokurukura kuti iongorore zvikuru, hurumende inofanira kuratidza kuti ganhuriro inobatira fariro yehurumende inogombedzera uye yakasanogadzirirwa kuwana fariro iyoyo ichishandisa nzira duku inowanika.

Uyu mupimo unoraira unoratidzira murangariro wokuti ganhuriro dzinoiswa pamashoko hadziwirirani nemitemo. Hurumende haiwanzobudirira mukupedza uyu mutoro, uyo unobatira sedziviriro ine simba pakunzverwa kwenhau uye rusaruro rwemirangariro.

Kuongorora Kunobatanidza

Zvirambidzo zvokusatora rutivi namapoka akati okutaura, zvakadai sokutaura kwezvokutengeserana, zvinogamuchira nzvero yapakati. Kana mutemo uchidzora bedzi kutaura kwokutengeserana kwakadzivirirwa, dare ringashandisa nzvero yapakati, iyo isina zvinodikanwa zviduku, asi ichiri kuda hurumende kuratidza kuti mutemo wacho unosanowirirana nefariro huru yehurumende.

Uyu mupimo wapakati unogovera hurumende kuchinjika kukuru kudzora kutaura apo ganhuriro yacho inenge isina kuvakirwa pashoko riri kupiwa ndokubatira fariro dzinokosha dzehurumende dzisina kubatana nokudzvinyirira kutaura.

Kuhwirudzura Kwokuva Nechikonzero Chokuva Nemhaka

Kana mutemo uchidzora kutaura kusina kudzivirirwa bedzi, ungasagamuchira nzvero yeFirst Amendment kana kuti mupimo wokuregeredza wehwaro hune mufungo hwehwirudzuro.

Zvinetso Zvetevedzero Yokutanga

Mutemo weFirst Amendment unoramba uchichinja sezvo matare anotarisana noruzivo rutsva rwezvokugadzira zvinhu, kuchinja kwetsika dzenzanga, uye kutyisidzira kuri kumuka kwokutaura pachena.

Kudzokorora Kutaura Kwounyanzvi

Dare Repamusorosoro reUnited States rakati zvinorambidzwa kutaura nenyanzvi dzemitemo zvingaita kuti vanhu vanyatsoongorora purogiramu yeFirst Amendment, uye hurumende dzinotarisira zvakasimba mitemo padzinoudza vatengi zvavangaudzwa nenyanzvi dzezvemapepa, dzichiramba kuedza kubata ganhuriro dzakadaro semitemo yomufambirowo zvawo.

Dare racho rakasimbisa kuti nyanzvi dzine rezenisi dzinochengeta dziviriro dzose dzeFirst Amendment, kunyange apo dzinoshanda mukati mebasa rinodzorwa. Iyi nheyo inoganhurira mano ehurumende okuganhurira izvo vanachiremba, magweta, varapi, uye vamwe nyanzvi vanogona kutaura kuvatengi vavo, kunyange apo hurumende inodavira kuti ganhuriro dzakadaro dzingabatira fariro dzoutano hwavose kana kuti dzekotsekano.

Kurwisa Mari Nekutaura Kwezvamatongerwe Enyika

Matare akaziva kuti kudhura kwezvamatongerwe enyika kunobatanidza kutaura nemhaka yokuti kunorerutsa kutaura kwezvamatongerwe enyika, asi kusabvumirana kunopfuurira pamusoro pomwero wakafanira womutemo wehurumende.

Vamwe vanotaura kuti kupambadza kusina muganhu kwezvamatongerwe enyika kunoitwa navanhu vakapfuma namasangano kunoshatisa miitiro yehurumende yehurumende uye kunoruramisa ganhuriro dzehurumende.

Mashoko Asina Kunaka Nemashoko Asina Kunaka

Zvisinei, Dare Repamusorosoro rakaramba kupesana zvachose neFirst Amendment nokuda kwemashoko enhema. Izvi zvinokonzera kusawirirana pakati pezvido zvokudzivisa kupararira kwenhema dzinokuvadza uye kurambidzwa kwemitemo yehurumende kudzora kutaura kwakavakirwa pachokwadi chayo kana kuti nhema.

Hurumende inogona kugadzirisa mashoko enhema, akadai sokunyengera, kushambadzira kwenhema, uye kuzvidza, asi haigoni kuisa ganhuriro dzakafara pakutaura kwenhema pasina kushatisa First Amendment.Idzi ganhuriro dzinoratidzira itiro hanya idzo kubvumira hurumende kubatira somupi wezvokwadi dzinoparira ngozi dzisingagamuchiriki dzokunzvera nokubata zvisina kufanira.

Zvirongwa Zvinoshanda uye Mienzaniso Yenyika Chaiyo

Kunzwisisa kuti nheyo dzeFirst Amendment dzinoshanda sei mumamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo kunobatsira kujekesa kudzikama kuri pakati pokutaura kwakasununguka nefariro dzehurumende dzapamutemo.

Kupokana Kwezvamatongerwe Enyika Nokuratidzira

Vagari vemo nguva dzose vanoshandisa kodzero dzavo dzokutanga dzeFirst Amendment nokuramba zvematongerwo enyika uye kuratidzira.

Hurumende ingaisa ganhuriro dzine mufungo, nzvimbo, uye nomutoo pakuramba, zvakadai sokuda mvumo nokuda kwokuratidzira kukuru kana kuti kurambidza kuratidzira kunodzivisa kusvika kwemotokari yekurumidziro. Zvisinei, idzi ganhuriro dzinofanira kushandiswa nomutoo wokusatora rutivi uye hadzigoni kushandiswa kudzivisa mirangariro yakati kana kuti mashoko.

Kuratidzirwa Kworudzidziso Munzvimbo Dzavose

Vanhu vezvitendero uye mapoka ane kodzero dzokutaura zvavanotenda muMitemo Yokutanga uye kuita zvechitendero.Hurumende haigoni kurambidza kutaura kwechitendero mudzimba dzemagamuchidzanwa nokuti vamwe vanhu vanongoona kutaura kwakadaro kuchigumbura kana kuti nokuti hurumende inoda kudzivisa chero chitarisiko chipi zvacho chechitendero chinotenderwa.

Asi hurumende inofanira kudzivisa zviito zvinotsigira chitendero kana kuti zvinopa kubatwa zvakanaka pane kutaura kwechitendero pane kutaura zvinhu zvenyika.

Kuratidzwa Kwounyanzvi uye Kwemashoko

Hurumende haigoni kurambidza mabhuku, mafirimu, nziyo, kana kuti mifananidzo nokuti chete vakuru vakuru kana kuti vanhu vomunzanga havadi kunzwa mashoko kana kuti mashoko anenge arimo.

Mashoko bedzi anowirirana nerondedzero yapamutemo yokushatisa anowana kunze kwedziviriro yeFirst Amendment, uye matare akadudzira ikoku kusingabvumirwi chose chose kudzivisa kudzvinyirira mabasa noukoshi hwakakomba hwounyanzvi, hwokunyora, hwezvamatongerwe enyika, kana kuti hwesayenzi.

Kutaura Kwokufananidzira

Kupisa mureza kana kuti kupfeka bhendi remaoko matema kwakadzivirirwa neFirst Amendment.

Hurumende ingadzora kutaura kwokufananidzira apo ingava nefariro inokosha isina chokuita nokudzvinyirira shoko racho uye ganhuriro yacho haisati iri huru zvikuru kupfuura iri madikanwa kupfuuridzira fariro iyoyo.

Basa Rematare Mukudzivirira Kutaura Kwakasununguka

Dare rematare rinoita basa rinokosha pakutsanangura kudzivirirwa kweFirst Amendment uye kuva nechokwadi chokuti hurumende inoremekedza mitemo yepamutemo pasimba rayo rokurambidza kutaura.

Kuzvimirira Mukutonga Nokutaura Kwakasununguka

Matare anogona kubvisa mitemo nezviito zvehurumende zvinoputsa kudzivirira kweFirst Amendment, kunyange kana mitemo yakadaro ichitsigirwa nevakawanda kana kuti ichiita zvinangwa zvinoonekwa nevakawanda sezvinokosha.

Iri basa rokutonga risingabvumirwi rinoratidza kunzwisisa kuti kodzero dzebumbiro remitemo dziripo kuti dzidzivirire vanhu uye vanhu vashoma pakutsoropodzwa nehurumende, kusanganisira kutsoropodzwa kunotsigirwa nezvikuru zvehurumende inosarudzwa nevanhu.First Amendment inodzivirira kutaura kusingadiwi nokuti kutaura kwakakurumbira hakudi kudzivirirwa.

Kududzira Kunoshandura

Kuvambira muma 1920, Dare Gurusa rakavamba kurava First Amendment yakafara zvikuru, uye iyi kombamiro yakawedzera zvikuru muma 1960, uye nhasi, dziviriro yapamutemo yakapiwa neFirst Amendment yakasimba kupfuura nakare kose munhau yedu. iyi mhindumupindu inoratidzira nzwisiso dzinochinja dzebasa rokutaura kwakasununguka munzanga yehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu nengozi dzokunzvera kwehurumende.

Matare anopfuurira kuvandudza dzidziso yeFirst Amendment sezvaanotarisana neruzivo rutsva rwezvoruzivo rwokugadzirwa kwezvinhu, kuchinja kwenzanga, uye tyisidziro dziri kubuda dzokutaura norusununguko.

Mitoro Neganhuriro

Nepo First Amendment ichigovera dziviriro dzakasimba dzokutaura, haibvisi miuyo yose nokuda kwokutaura kana kuti vatauri vasingasunungurwi vemutoro wamashoko avo.

Migumisiro Yokutaura

Vashandi vanogona kupfura vashandi kuti vataure zvinopesana nemitemo yekambani kana kuti zvinokuvadza bhizimisi, zvirongwa zvemagariro evanhu zvinogona kurambidza vanoshandisa vanoputsa mashoko ebasa, uye vanhu vanogona kutarisana nokusafarirwa kana kuti kutsoropodzwa nemhaka yokutaura pfungwa dzisingafarirwi nevamwe.

Kudzivirirwa kwebumbiro remitemo pakuongororwa kwemitemo kunoshanda bedzi kuganhuriro dzehurumende pakutaura, kwete kumhinduro dzomunhu oga kukutaura.

Kugarwa Kwenyika

Vatauri vanogona kutarisana nemhosva yehurumende yokuzvidza, kuvhozhokera kwokuva woga, kutambudza kwepfungwa nemaune, uye zvimwe zvigumbu, zvichinzi zvisaenderane neFirst Amendment.

Mipimo yakananga inosiyana zvichienderana nokuti munhu wacho anotaura sei uye kana ari munhu anozivikanwa nevanhu kana kuti munhu ari oga.

Mitoro Yourongwa uye Yenzanga

Kudzivirirwa kwemitemo hakurevi kuti kuchenjera, kuzvibata, kana kuti kubetsera munzanga inosarudzwa nevanhu. Vagari vomunzanga ine vanhu vanosarudzwa nevanhu vane mitoro yokutaura nezvekutenda kwakanaka, kutsvaka chokwadi, uye kufunga kuti mashoko avo anobatsira sei vamwe.

Iyi mitoro yetsika haigoni kumanikidzirwa pamutemo kupfurikidza nokunzvera kwehurumende pasina kuputsa First Amendment, asi inoramba iri miitiro inokosha inobetsera kuchengeta hurukuro yavose yakanaka netsika yehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu.

Maonero Anoita Nyika Dzose Uye Kuenzaniswa Kwaanoita

Kunzwisisa misiyano iyi kunogovera mashoko akapoteredza mutemo weAmerica First Amendment uye kunosimbisa zvisarudzo zvinobatanidzwa mukudzikamisa kutaura kwakasununguka mukurwisana nemimwe mipimo.

Venga Kutaurwazve

Nyika dzakawanda dzinotonga noruzhinji dzinorambidza kutaura kworuvengo uye dzinopa zvirango zvoutsotsi nokuda kwokutaura kunonyandura ruvengo pamapoka akadzivirirwa.Idzi ganhuriro dzinoratidzira rutongeso rwakasiana - siana pamusoro pedzikamo iri pakati pokutaura kwakasununguka nokudzivirira mapoka asina dziviriro pakutaura kunokuvadza.

Mutemo wemitemo weAmerica unowanzoramba ganhuriro dzakadaro, uchidzivirira kunyange kutaura kworuvengo nokutuka kutoti kwakapinda mukati mezvikamu zviduku zvakafanana netyisidziro dzechokwadi kana kuti kunyandurira kuchiito chokusateerera mutemo chiri pedyo. Iyi nzira inoisa ratidziro yakasununguka pamimwe mipimo uye inoratidzira panikiro pamusoro pamano ehurumende okudzora kutaura kwakavakirwa pakurwisana kwawo pasina kupinda murusarura mirangariro.

Mipimo Yokutsauka

Kutonga kwomutemo wokupandukira kunosiyana zvikuru munyika dzakawanda, dzimwe nyika dzichipa dziviriro huru nokuda kwomukurumbira kupfuura zvinobvumirwa nomutemo weAmerica.United States inoda nhamba dzevoruzhinji kubvumikisa utsinye chaihwoihwo munhau dzokuzvidza, kuchikuita kuti kuve kwakaomera vezvamatongerwe enyika navakakurumbira kuti vatekeshere mumiitiro yenhema.

Uyu mupimo unoraira unoratidzira rutongeso urwo gakava rakasimba pamusoro penhamba dzavose rinoshanda mabasa anokosha ehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu uye kuti ngozi yokuzvitutumadza ichibva mukuvadziko inokurira kuvadziko kumikurumbira yomunhu oga. Dzimwe nyika dzinorova iyi dzikamo nenzira yakasiana, dzichigovera dziviriro huru nokuda kwomukurumbira kunyange apo nhamba dzavose dzinobatanidzwa.

Zvinhu Zvinobatsira Kunzwisisa Kodzero Dzako

Vagari vanotsvaka kunzwisisa ndokushandisa kodzero dzavo dzeFirst Amendment vanogona kuwana zvinhu nemasangano akawanda akatsaurirwa kudzivirira kutaura kwakasununguka.

Zviwanikwa Zvepamutemo

Masangano akadai seAmerican Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), Foundation for Indivitation and Expression (FIRE), uye Electronic Frontice Foundation (EFFF) anopa mashoko pamusoro pekodzero dzeFirst Amendment uye anopa rubatsiro rwepamutemo kuvanhu vane kodzero dzakapunzwa. Masangano aya anopindawo mumhiko dzokugadza nokudzivirira nheyo dzebumbiro remitemo.

Mari dzehurumende, kusanganisira zvinhu zvinobva kuHofisi Inotarisira Dare reUnited States uye Library of Congress, dzinopa mashoko edzidzo pamusoro pekodzero dzebumbiro remitemo uye gadziriro yokutonga.

Mikana Yedzidzo

Masangano ehurumende, maraibhurari, uye masangano ehurumende anopa zvirongwa nezvinhu zvokudzidzisa vanhu nezvekodzero dzeFirst Amendment uye mitoro.

Kushandisa zvinhu izvi uye kuitawo chimwe chinhu mudzidzo yehurumende kunobatsira kuti vanhu varambe vachitaura vakasununguka uye kunoita kuti zvizvarwa zvomunguva yemberi zvinzwisise uye zvikoshese kudzivirirwa kweFirst Amendment.

Kupedzisa: Kukosha Kunoramba Kuchipfuurira Kwedziviriro Dzokutanga

Kupfurikidza nokuganhurira simba rehurumende rokuganhurira kutaura, rinovimbisa kuti vagari vemo vanogona kutaura vakasununguka, kushandisa rudzidziso rwavo rwakasarudzwa, kuungana norugare, uye kukumbira chinjo pasina kutya kutsiva kwehurumende.

Kunzwisisa dzikamo iri pakati pefirst Amendment nezvinodzivirirwa nehurumende zviri pamutemo kunoda kuziva zvose zviri zviviri kukura kwedziviriro dzebumbiro remitemo uye kuganhurirwa kwakaganhurirwa kubvumira hurumende kuganhurira mapoka akati okutaura kunokuvadza.

Kuchengetedza dziviriro dzakasimba dzokutaura norusununguko kunoda kungwarira hurumende inonyengerwa, kuzvipira kunheyo dzemitemo, uye kuziva kuti kudzivirira kutaura kwatisingabvumirani nako kunokosha kuti tidzivirire kutaura kwedu.

Ukama huri pakati pehurumende neFirst Amendment pakupedzisira hunoratidzira mibvunzo inokosha pamusoro porudzi rwehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu, basa rorusununguko rwomunhu oga, uye ganhuriro dzakakodzera dzesimba rehurumende.

Nokuda kwamashoko akawanda pamusoro pekodzero dzebumbiro remitemo nerusununguko rwavagari vemo, shanyira Pepanhau reAmerican Constitution Union, [[FLT]] United Dare reUnited States zviwanikwa zvedzidzo, Constitution Center , uye Faundiation for Inity and Action. Masangano aya anogovera mibato inokosha yokunzwisisa nokudzivirira rusununguko rwokutanga munzanga yazvinovapo.