Basa Rourudzi Mukushatisa Misangano YechiJapan Inotakura Kurura

Urudzi hwave huri simba rinosunda kwenguva refu mumatongerwe enyika eJapan, zvikurukuru mukati memasangano anofamba zvakanaka. Kuvambira paMeiji Reformation kusvikira kuzuva razvino, mirangariro yourudzi yakapesvedzera zvisarudzo zvemiitiro pamusoro pomugariro wehondo, chinjo yebumbiro remitemo, yenhau, uye ukama hwamarudzi ose. Nepo urudzi hunogona kusimudzira rudado rworudzi nouchangamire, hunomutsawo kusawirirana nenyika dziri pedyo uye hunoomesa basa renyika yose reJapan. Nyaya ino inonzvera kuti urudzi hwakaumba sei mativi emapoka anofamba nekodzero dzakarurama eJapan, mativi makuru eiyi miitiro, uye tapuro dzahwo pazvinhu zvomumba nezvokumwe nyika.

Mavambo Enhau Ourudzi hweJapan

Urudzi hweJapan hwakabuda sesimba guru mukati meMeiji Reconsole (1868-1912), apo nyika yakapfaviswa nokukurumidza ndokuita kuti hurumende yayo ive yapakati. Vatungamiriri vakasimudzira pfungwa yechinzwano chorudzi norudado kukwikwidzana namasimba makuru okuMadokero. Meiji Constitution ye 1889 yakaita kuti mambo ave chiratidzo chehurumende, uye Shinto yehurumende yakashandiswa kusakurira ruvimbiko norudzi. Rudzi rwokuwedzera rwakaguma muzana ramakore rechi20 nokubatana kweTaiwan (1855), kutora Korea (1910), uye kudenha kwehondo muChina neSoutheast Asia mukati mema 1930.1940.

Pashure peHondo Yenyika II, kukundwa kweJapan kwakatungamirira kuiswa kwebumbiro remitemo rokusada kurwisana rakanyoreswa neAllied Democratic Party. Chikamu 9 chakaramba hondo uye chakarambidza kuchengeta hondo nebviro yehondo. Zvisinei, mirangariro yezvourudzi yakapfuurira, zvikurukuru pakati pevatungamiriri vetsika vane tsika dzakakomba avo vairangarira bumbiro remitemo senzvimbo yokumwe. Mukati menhambo yehondo yehondo, mapoka anotakura hondo dzakarurama nechakarurama − zvikurukuru Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), iyo yakatonga kwenguva refungurira mberi kwenguva refu chifo cha 1955, yakatsvaka kugadziridza kana kuti kutsanangurazve iyi miganhuro yokudzivirira rudzi yakasimba zvikuru.

Mativi Makuru Echipo Nechinzvimbo Chokutsigira Rudzi Chakarurama

Kusimbisa Uchangamire Hworudzi

Mapati anotakura rudyi muJapan anosimbisa nguva dzose ukoshi hwouchangamire hwenyika yose, kazhinji kazhinji kunyora zvibvumirano zvamarudzi ose namasangano setyisidziro kuutongi hweJapanese. Ikoku kunobatanidza kusava nechokwadi kuChibatanwa chaMarudzi, kutsoropodzwa kwekurangarirwa kuva kwedzongonyedzo mudzidzo kana kuti nhau dzenhau, uye chishoro kuzvivako zvokutonga kwenyika dzose. Musoro wouchangamire unonzwikawo munharo pamusoro pomugariro weSenkaku/Diayu Islands, namasangano enyika anoomerera pakutaura kwakananga kweJapan nebvumirano ipi neipi neChina.

Kuongorora Zvakaitika Kare

Chiratidzo cheidi reJapan rinoparira maruramiro ehondo idzokororo yenhau .Izvozvi zvinobatanidza kuderedza kana kuti kuramba utsinye hwakafanana naMassacre yeIndaneti, kubatwa zvisina kufanira kwavakadzi, uye dzimwe mhaka dzehondo. Vezvamatongerwe enyika navezvoungwaru vanotaura kuti nhau yeJapan yakaratidzirwa zvisina kururama ne "maschist" mabhuku amabhuku uye vatsoropodzi vokumwe. Somuuyo, mapoka anotsigira zvakarurama nokuda kwokuvandudza, shanyo kuYasukuni Shrine yenharo (iyo inorumbidza hondo yakauraya kubatanidza matsoro apamutemo ehondo), uye kubviswa kwekukumbira kwakabudiswa nehurumende dzakapfuura.

Yakabatana yapanze: Nokuda kwenhetembo yedzidzo yedzokororo yenhau muJapan, ona " The Politics of History muJapan: Reformation and the Comfort Women Issue" [[FLT Young Kim] naMikrochi Kim (Asia-Pacific Journal).

Kusimbisa Chinjo Yehondo Nebumbiro Remitemo

Mapoka anotakura rudyi anoomerera nguva dzose nokuda kwechiuto chikuru, chinokwanisa zvikuru uye chipfuro cheChikamu 9 kuti abvumire uto rakabatana kuzvidzora neuto rakakotsekana. Muutungamiriri hweShinzo Abe (066-2006-2020-2020), LDP yakapfuudza mutemo muna 2015 Chikamu 9 kuti chibvumidze Japan kuzvishandisa muboka mumigariro yakaganhurirwa. Varwi vanorangarira iri senhano ku "kudzoreka" basa rehondo reJapan, vachiibvumira kutora rutivi runoshingaira mukushanda kwamarudzi ose nokuchengetekasarutsirana, zvikurukuru neUnited States. Mamwe mapoka, kufanana neJapan Reformation Party (Niption naNepinnophin), akatodanwa nokuda kwechiuto idzva vanhu kunze kweJapan.

Batanidzo yokunze: Council on Foreign Relations inogovera kurangarirwa kwakadzikama kwekurukurirano yechengeteko yeJapan: [[FLT: 0]" Constredary Constreacts neConstitution" yeJapan.

Kuchengetedzwa Kwetsika uye Kuzivikanwa Kwerudzi

Mitemo yerudzi inosimbisawo kuchengetwa kwetsika dzeJapan, mutauro, uye magamuchidzanwa. Ikoku kunobatanidza kutsigira gadziriro youmambo, tsika dzehurumende yeShinto, uye unyanzvi hwegamuchidzanwa. Mapoka ekodzero anowanzoshora kutama netsika, achiramba kuderedza kuzivikanwa kwavo. Vanotsigira nokuda kwemitemo yorudzi uye mipimo yorumano yokupinza vagari vokumwe. Mudzidzo, vanotsigira dzidzo yetsika nedzidzo yourudzi izvo zvinosimbisa kuda rudzi noruremekedzo nokuda kwamambo.

Urudzi Hwezvemari

Nepo kusati kuri nguva dzose kungwariro huru, urudzi hwemari hunoonekawo muzvikamu zvinotakura maruramiro ezvokutengeserana. Ikoku kunobatanidza miitiro yedziviriro yokudzivirira, tsigiro yemaindasitiri edzimba, uye kusava nechokwadi kubvumirano dzebhizimisi dzapachena zvingabetsera China kana kuti South Korea. Masangano ezvourudzi pane dzimwe nguva anoshora Trans-Pacificial internadeship (TP) kana kuti mamwe mabasa okushambadza ezvoupfumi akawanda, achiitirana nharo kuti vakaputsa uchangamire hwemari hweJapan. Zvisinei, urudzi hwemari hunova hwakaderera zvikuru kana kuti hukamuranisa nenhau dzetsika nechengeteko, zvikurukuru muLDP, iyo yakatsigira kutengeserana kwamagamuchidzanwa.

Kutapura Muitiro Wemhuri

Kuedza Kuongorora Bumbiro Remitemo

Muuyo wakananga zvikurusa wepesvedzero yezvourudzi isundo yakatsindirwa kuhwirudzura Bumbiro reMitemo reJapan. LDP yakabudisa kugadziridzwa kwegadziriro chifo cha1990, zvose zvinokarakadza chinjo kuMitemo 9, 96, uye mimwe. Muna 2020, Abe yakakarakadza kuwedzera chitsama chemashoko kusimbisa zvakajeka University-Defense Marpoces, kunyange zvazvo muitiro wacho wakaregeredzwa nemhaka yokushora kwezvamatongerwe enyika uye kuvharaniswa kwavose. Dzvidzo yeNationalism yakatungamirirawo kukududzirwa kweChikamu 9 kupfurikidza nomutemo wedare remitemo, kupfuudzira kutenderwa kwemitemo. Ikoku kwakanyandura pamusoro pekuderera kwegadziro yedzo yedzo nesimba rebazu rehurumende.

Dzidzo uye Zvaitaurwa Kare

Mabhuku anoshandiswa nehurumende azova nzvimbo inorwisana nemirangariro yenyika. Vezvamatongerwe enyika veConservative vakaraira kuti mabhuku adzikise nongedzero kuutsinye hwenguva yehondo uye panzvimbo pezvo anosimbisa zviitwa zvapashure pehondo yeJapan. Ministry of Education, iyo inorekoshesa mabhuku, yakava necherekedzo yehurumende, ichitungamirira kukutsoropodza vanyori venhau dzomumba nedzenyika dzakawanda. Somuenzaniso, muitiro wekunzvera wa2014 wakatungamirira kumabhuku akazvidza "Trust" gadziriro yehondo yeJapan, ichinyandura kutsutsutsumwa muSouth Korea neChina.

Yakabva kuJapan: Mushumo wakaitwa neHuman Rights Watch uno udzame hwetapuro yebhuku rekudzokorora: [[FLT: 0]" Leans Women and Japan’s Nationalistic Turn"[[FLT: 1].

Nzvimbo Tsvene yeYasukuni Nematongerwe Enyika Okufananidzira

Vakuru vakuru nemitezo yedare vanoshanyira nguva dzose Yasukuni Shrine chiratidzo chine simba chenyika. Nzvimbo yacho inokudza vanenge mamirioni 2,5 vakafa nehondo, kubatanidza 14 vapari vehondo veboka. Shanyo dzavakuru vakuru, zvikurukuru Abe muna 2013, dzinoonekwa setendero yenhau yedzokororo uye dzinonyandura kushurikidzwa kwakasimba kweChina neSouth Korea. Masangano anotakura shanyo dzinodzivirira iyi senhau yokuremekedza hondo yorudzi rwakafa uye kuramba kutsoropodza kwokumwe sechidzokorodzo muzvinhu zvomukati. Iyi gakavaro inopfuurira inotapura ukama hwehurumende nenzwisiso yavose yeJapan kune dzimwe nyika.

Kutapura Muitiro Wokumwe

Ukama neChina neSouth Korea

Mitemo yehurumende yeJapan yakakanganisa yaidzongonyedzazve ukama hweJapan nevavakidzani vayo. Zvichemo zvenhau, zvakawedzerwa nokutaura kwechimumuchidzai neshanyo dzenzvimbo dzinoyera, zvinoparira kusavimba. Magakava anorwisana pamusoro peSenkaku/Dioyu Islands anosimbiswa nenziyo dzerudzi, achiita kuti kubvumirana kuome mune zvematongerwe enyika kuve kwakaoma nokuda kwehurumende ipi neipi yeJapan. Nenzira yakafanana, kunyaradza kwacho kunoramba kuripo neSouth Korea, pasinei zvapo nebvumirano ya 2015 yokuti vakawanda muSouth Korea vanoona sevasina kukwana. Mapokata anotakura maruramiro echiito anorambazve kukumbira kana kuti kubhadhara, achipikisa kuti Japan yakatotaura nhau idzi uye kuti vatsoropotedzerwa nemirangariro inorwisana neJapan.

U.S.-Japan Alliance

Urudzi muJapan hune ukama hunopesana nebvumirano yechengeteko yeU.S. neJapan. Kune rumwe rutivi, mapoka anotakura kurudyi anotsigira chibvumirano senzira yokuwedzera nayo kudzivirira Japan nokudzivisa kukwira kweChina. Kune rumwe rutivi, zvimwe zvinhu zvourudzi zvinoramba kutsamira kweJapan paUnited States uye zvinodana nokuda kwegadziriro yokumwe yakazvimirira. RWP inosunda kuti itsigire nzanga yeboka revoruzhinji iwirirane neU.S., sezvo ichibvumira Japan kuita basa guru zvikuru muchengeteko reruwa. Zvisinei, , donzo rehondo risingadzoreki reUnited States renyika dzakawanda uye joni renyika dzinodairira mubatanidzwa kana Japan ikaronda mitemo inopesana neU.S.

Chengeteko Yomunharaunda Nekudzivirira

Mupesvedzero yourudzi, Japan yakakudza nenzira yakatsiga mano ayo ehondo. Mari yokuzvidzivirira yakasvika mwero yekare, ine gadziriro dzokuwana zvombo zvinokandwa zvinofamba-famba zvakavhengana nokutanga mano okurwisa. Masangano ezvourudzi anotsigira nokuda kwedzidziso inokunda namano okudzivirira zvitsuwa zviri kure. Izvi zvinonyevera China neNorth Korea asi zvinoruramiswa navatungamiriri veJapan sezvinodikanwa nokuda kwokuzvichengetedza vamene mumhoteredzo inoterama. Kushandiswa kwenhau dzechengeteko dzechengeteko kunowanzoshandisa tyisidziro dzinobva kuNorth Korea neChina kudzivirira mauto kuti zviwandere tsigiro yavose nokuda kwekukura kwehondo.

Mienzaniso Yenguva Ino uye Zviverengero Zvinokosha

Nhaka yaShinzo Abe

Shinzo Abe akanga ari mutungamiriri wezvourudzi akatanhamara zvikurusa muJapan yazvino uno. Mitemo yake yezvemari yakakweva ngwariro yenyika yose, asi purogiramu yake yezvourudzi yenziyo dzeReformation, inosimbisa mauto, uye hwirudzuro yenhau . yakarondedzera rondedzero yake. Chiono chaAbe che "Japan yakatsvinda" (Utsukii Kuni) chakamutsa rudado mutsika uye chakatsvaka kukurira kuzvidza kwapashure pehondo. Kuuraya kwake muna 2022 kwakava chikatyamadzo, asi pesvedzero yake inopfuurira mukati meLDP, apo kukwikwidza kwake kutsigira zvisakiso zvorudzi.

Boka Rehurumende Rinosunungura Nhasi

Mupasi poMutungamiriri wePrime Femio Kisida, LDP yakapfuuridzira miitiro yakawanda yezvourudzi, kunyange zvazvo ine chimiro chine mwero zvikuru. Kisida yakaronda dziviriro uye yakazvipira kuhwirudzuro yebumbiro remitemo, asi ave achingwarira panhau dzenhau. Mubiyake weLDP, Komeito, anoita seburi retsika renyika rakanyanyisa, asi mapapiro makuru anodzivisa vavariro yapakuvamba yebato ye "rudzi rwakanaka". Kumuka kwamapoka akawanda evoruzhinji anoregerera mukati meLDP, zvakadai se "Kuzviisa pasi pemitemo kurangaridza iyo inodzivirira Japan" (Nhon at Kenōmor Mau), anovimbisa kuti misoro yenyika inoramba iri pakati pebato renyika.

Boka Rokudzorerwa reJapan Nemamwe Mapoka Ane Kururama

Misangano yakadai seNippon Ishin no Kai (Japan Reformation Party) neBoka reJapanese Kokoro (Kokoro) vanogamuchira pachena urudzi. Japan Reconsolement Party, yakavakirwa muOsaka, vatsigiri vedzo yemitemo inodzokororwa, dziviriro yakasimba, uye kudzorwa kwenharaunda. Inotsigirawo kukurukurirana kwechibvumirano kwakakomba kuChina. Mapoka maduku ezvombo amarudzi enyika anowanzoshanda kunze kwechiito chikuru chezvamatongerwe enyika asi anogona kupesvedzera hurukuro yavose kupfurikidza nezvinobudisa nhau uye zviito. Somuenzaniso, boka revoka ramarudzi akawanda "Zaikutakaihai" (Iita kuti Boka reQunga raVagari veKoreyania Vasingadariginyi chaiwo muJapan) rinona pakudzivisa kurwisana neKaresarifara neaimani, kupesvedzera kurukurirano yekurukurirano yavose yemitepfendo yemiteve.

Mafungiro Oruzhinji Nemasimba Oruzhinji

Mitemo yehurumende haifarirwi munyika yose pakati pavavhoti vechiJapan. Nepo vazhinji vachitsigira kuzivikanwa kwehondo kwakasimba uye rudado muzivikanwo yenyika, kunewo murangariro wokusatora hondo une revo, zvikurukuru pakati pezvizvarwa zvakwegura navakasiiwa vavhota. Rubudiriro rweLDP runowanzova runowirirana zvikuru pamusoro pechengeteko, asi rune chokuita zvishoma nekurukurirano dzenhau. Electoralsssss zvinoratidza kuti kukwirira kwevorudzi kunogona kuunganidza vapangi vehurumende asi vanozviisa mungozi kune mwero. Rubudiriro rweLDP runowanzotsamira pakudzikamisa nzvimbo dzoudzo rwenyika nezvipikirwa zvemariro negarikamikano. Mumakore achangobva kupfuura, kubuda kweDidemocraticmental Party of Japan (CDP) sechiporechipo chokushora rudzi rwenyika yose, kunyange zvazvo zvichigoverwa neboka renyika yePLD

Nhevedzano yokunze: Mashoko avose pamusoro pekugadziridzwa kwebumbiro remitemo anoteverwa ne Asahi Shimbun: " Support nokuda kwePurogramu yeBumbiro remitemo, Asahi Poll Shows".

Zvinetso Nokutsoropodza

Mitemo yezvourudzi muJapan inotarisana nedenho dzinoverengeka. Kudzokororwa kwenhau kunokuvadza simba rakapfava reJapan neukama hwemibatanidzwa, zvikurukuru neChina neKorea. Mumhuri, kusunda kugadziridzwa kwebumbiro remitemo kwaigona kunyandura zvikuru kupesana nemapoka avose netsoropodzo dzezvoupfumi. Urudzi hwemari hungarwisana nemari inotsamira paJapan. Uyezve, tyisidziro iri kukura inobva North Korea nehondo yeChina inoda mitemo yokuchengeteka inopfuura kunyora kwakapfava kwerudzi. Vatsoropote vanoramba kuti urudzi hunogona kushandiswa zvisina kufanira kururamisa kutsigira zvourongwa hwehondo neHyrigist, kuderedza nheyo dzehurumende yeJapan.

Mukuwedzera, masangano ezvourudzi muJapan pane dzimwe nguva akabatanidzwa nokuvenga kutaura uye rusaruro mudzinza duku, zvikurukuru vaKorea navagari veChina. Nepo mapoka makuru achidzivisa kuvenga kwakananga, mapoka anonyanyisa achipesvedzera hurukuro yavose. Hurumende yakagadza mitemo yokurwisa kutaura kworuvengo asi kurwisa kudzikamisa kutaura kwakasununguka netsinhirano. Denho nokuda kwemapoka anokwidza maruramiro eJapan ndeyokubatanidza urudzi hunosimudzira rugare nebudiriro pasina kudzokorora zvikanganiso zvekare.

mhedziso

Urudzi hunoramba huri simba guru mukuumba miitiro yemasangano eJapan anotora maruramiro. Kuvambira pakugadziridza kwenhau uye kuchinja kwebumbiro remitemo kusvikira kukukura kwehondo nokuchengeteka kwetsika, mirangariro yourudzi inosunda zvakawanda zvenhau dzakakwikwidzanwa zvikurusa mumatongerwe enyika eJapan. Nepo urudzi hunogona kusimbisa kuzivikanwa kworudzi nouchangamire, hunoomesawo ukama hweJapan nevavakidzani vahwo nenharo dzayo pamusoro penhau nerevomupimo. Kunzwisisa basa rourudzi kunokosha nokuda kwenzvero ipi neipi yetendi yeJapan yomubatanidzwa wezvamatongerwe enyika muzana ramakore rechi 21. Japan inotarisana nedenho dzechengeteko, kuderera kwouwanduko, uye kuchinja kwenyika yose, kubatanidzwa pakati pezvido zvenyika nekurukurirano zvehurumende yomunyika yose. Kurondedzera kwomunguva yemberi kuchapfuurira kurondedzera.