United States House of Declarations inowanzorondedzerwa sekamuri reCongress riri pedyo zvikuru navanhu. Nezvigaro zvose 435 zvesarudzo makore maviri ari ose, yakarongedzerwa kuva inogamuchira zvikuru kuchinja murangariro wavanhu. Basa guru reiri boka rine simba kuumba mitemo inodzora rudzi. Nepo murangariro wavose we "kuisa pepa" unonzwika zvakajeka, muitiro chaiwo uyo unovhurika pauriri hweImba unosanonyorwa, wakasanorongwa, uye wakapfuma zvikuru. Kunzwisisa chinoitika apo kurukurirano yePamba inoda kubviswa shure mapepa ematare, miraudzo, uye masangano anorondedzera sangano.

Danho Rokutanga Rinokosha: Gadziriro Yedare

Mutengo upi noupi usati wagona kusvika pauriri hweImba nokuda kwekurukurirano, unofanira kutanga kupukunyuka gadziriro yedare. Ndipo apo chiverengero chikurusa chezvikarakadzo zvemitemo (hwunowanzova 90%) muganhu wazvo wakanyarara. Mutengo unokundikana kubuda mudare wafa zvinobudirira, simba rinozivikanwa se "pigeonholing" gadziriro yedare igadziriro yokubatanidza imba, uye ndiwo muedzo chaiwoiwo wokutanga wekushanda kwechikwama.

Kutsiva Nokuzvidzingirwa

Apo mutezo unotanga chibvumirano chemitemo, Speaker of the House inoinongedzera kudare (kana kuti matare) rine chiremera pamusoro penhau yaro. Iyi rekodhi inodzorwa nemitemo yorumano inorondedzerwa muImba naMazita eJefferson. Somuenzaniso, gwaro pamusoro pemitemo yemutero rinoendeswa kuGwara neFight Metal Komiti, nepo gwaro pamusoro pezvirongwa zvehondo rinoenda kuDare reAdmittery. Rusarumu rwakaoma kunzvimbo dzakawanda runganongedzerwa kumatare anoverengeka panguva imwe chete, muitiro unozivikanwa se "multiplegetratery Komiti inonongedzera kudare reNzvibvumirano."

Kunzwa: Kuunganidza Chokwadi uye Kuvaka Chinyorwa

Kana nyika dzemitemo dzangotanga bedzi mudare, basa chairoiro rinovamba. Dare rinowanzotonga. Mukati meizvi zvipupuriro, mitezo yeAngress inopanikirwa, vangabatanidza vanyori vedare, vakuru vemasangano, nyanzvi dzedzidzo, vadzori vemibato yebhizimisi, uye vagari vemowo zvavo vanotapurwa nomutemo. Uku kunzwa kunobatira zvinangwa zvinoverengeka: vanodzidzisa mitezo panhau yeIntricacation, vanogovera chikuva chavose nokuda kwokuva pamutemo, uye vanovaka chinyorwa chemitemo chapamutemo chinogona kushandiswa gare gare gare kudzivirira mutemo mudare. Chigaro chedare chinoshandisa simba guru pano, uyo anosarudza kupupurira, nhevedzano yenhau, uye kana kuteerera kuchiitirwa vose.

Chiratidzo: Kunyora Rugwaro Rwomutemo

Rutivi runokosha zvikurusa rwebasa redare ndi "marksup" rusando. Iyi inguva apo dare rinogara pasi chaizvoizvo ku "zoratidzira" rugwaro rwepepa. Mitezo inoungana mudais mukuru mukamuri rokunzwa, uye chigaro chinopa musangano kurunyara. Vashandi vazhinji navashandi vashomanene vachava vagadzirira "chiratidzo chemajeko" kana kuti "subtitute agement," iro riri pfundo rokutanga rekurukurirano.

Mukati mechinongedzero, mitezo inogona kupa gadziridzo kumutemo. Iyi gadziridzo inokakavadzana uye inovhoterwa nedare. Mitemo inodzora kucherekedzwa kwemari inodzorwa inopfuudzwa zvishoma kupfuura mitemo yapauriri, inobvumira mutemo wakawanda unobatira pamwe (kana kuti kurwisana, kuchitsamira pamiitiro yezvamatongerwe enyika). Mutezo ungapa kugadziridzwa kwokurova chikamu, kuwedzera gadziriro itsva, kana kuti kuchinja mwero yemari. Kuchinja kwemari kunopesana kumwe nokumwe kunokurukurwa, kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji pasi pomutemo wemikoro mishanu yakafanana nouriri, uye ipapo kuvhotera. Pashure pezvibvumirano zvose zvinotemwara, pamutemo zvinoiswa kuvhotera. Kana zvichipfuura, mushumo wacho unoteverwa pamwe chete nomushumo wedare. Chinyorwa chinotsanangura chinangwa chacho chinotsanangura chinangwa chedare, uye chinobatanidza dare risingadzo.

Chikumbiro Chokuodza Mwoyo: Chikumbiro Chisingadzorwi

Kana dare rikaramba kuita chiito papepa remitero rine tsigiro yakafara, voruzhinji veImba vanogona kurimanikidzira kuuriri vachishandisa "chikumbiro chekupisha". Ikoku kunoda voruzhinji veImba (218 siginicha) kusaina chikumbiro chokubvisa bhiri racho mumaoko edare. Kukumbira kwokukuchidzira hakuwanzoitiki uye kwakaoma kuita, sezvo kazhinji kazhinji kunorangarirwa sokuputsa nhevedzano yenguva dzose uye denho kuchiremera chezvigaro zvedare noutungamiriri hwebato. Zvinoshandiswa zvakatanhamara bedzi nokuda kwenhau dzakakurumbira zvikuru, zvigaro zvedare umo bhipartisitan zviri zvigaro zvinodzivisa kuda kwevoruzhinji.

Murindi: Dare Rinodzora Romumba

Kana bhoti rangoshumwa kubva kudare remitemo, harifaniri kungofamba chete pauriri. Inofanira kutanga kupfuura nomuDare paMitemo, sezvinooneka dare rine simba zvikurusa muImba. Dare reMitemo rinoshanda se "traffic cop" kana kuti "gatel" youriri hweImba. i "dare redare redare renguva dzose" riripo kunze kwedare, rinoumbwa nemitezo 13 (9 kubva kuvoruzhinji, 4 kubva kuvaduku) inobatwa noruoko noMutauri.

Mutemo: Zvinoshorwa Nevatambi

Dare reMitemo rinopa dare re "rusarudzo" papepa guru remitemo rimwe nerimwe. Iri ichisarudzo cheDzimba chiri nyore chinogadza mativi ekurukurirano. Igwaro rimwe ramapepa anokosha zvikurusa rinodzora kurwa kwouriri. Mutemo unoreva:

  • Nguva yeNharo huru: Irefu sei Imba yakazara ichakurukura pamutemo umene. Nguva ino inowanzokamuraniswa zvakaenzana pakati pavazhinji namapoka maduku kuti vadzorwe nechigaro nomutezo wapamusoro wedare rakafanira.
  • Muitiro wePezment: Ichi rutivi runokakavara zvikurusa rwomutemo. Mutemo unoraira kuti idzodzodzoi, kana iri ipi neipi, inogona kupiwa pauriri. Kune marudzi anoverengeka emitemo: [
    • Mutemo unovharwa:[[[FLT:]] Hapana muganhu unobvumirwa. Mutengo unofanira kuvhoteredzwa kana kuti kudzorwa chaizvoizvo.
    • [[[FT:0] Mutemo wadzikisirwa: Nheteko dzakananga bedzi, dzakatsikirirwa pachine nguva mberi dzinotenderwa nevoruzhinji.
    • [[FT:0] Mutemo wakarongwa:[[FT:1] Nhamba bedzi yegadziridzo dzakatosarudzwa, idzo dzingabva kumativi ose ari maviri, dzinobvumirwa. Ndirwo rudzi rwakakurumbira zvikurusa rwomutemo mukuru.
    • Mutemo wakazaruka: Mutezo upi noupi unogona kugovera tsinhano ipi neipi. Mitemo yakazaruka ichiri isingawanzowaniki uye inowanzochengeterwa zvikwereti zvisina kubvumiranwa.
  • [[FT:0] Mitemo yamapfundo eNhevedzo: Imba ine mitemo mizhinji inorwisana negadziriro mumabhiri (mutoo, mirairo isina kunyorwa, mipimo, kana kuti mutemo papepa remitemo). Murayiro kazhinji kazhinji unoputsa iyi mipimo yenhevedzano, uchibvumira nenzira inobudirira kuti mutevedzere kunyange kana ichiita zvokuputsa mitemo inomira paImba.

Gakava pamusoro pomutemo umene ikurukurirano yakaparadzana, pfupi yeinenge awa imwe, inodzorwa nechigaro cheDare reMitemo. Kupfuudza mutemo imuedzo mukuru wechinzwano chebato guru. Kana mutemo wacho ukakundikana, mutongo wacho wafa kwenguva ino, uye kukundwa kukuru kwezvamatongerwe enyika nokuda kwemutungamiriri webato.

Gakava MuDare Renyika Yose

Kana mutemo wacho wangogamuchirwa neImba, pamutemo wacho unoenda pauriri nokuda kwekurukurirano yavose uye kugadziridzwa. Kupedza ikoku, Imba inozvishandura imene kuva mutumbi weparamende unozivikanwa se "Commettee of the Coll House on the State of the Union" (inozivikanwa navose se"Committee of the Whole").

Michina Yenharo

Komiti yeWhole ichinhu chinobvumira Imba kukurukura nechinodikanwa chakaderera chegoverum. Panzvimbo pokuda kuti mitezo 218 ivepo (yakawanda yeImba), Dare reVose rinoda mitezo 100 bedzi. Ikoku kunoita kuti kuve nyore zvikuru kuitisa bhizimisi nokukurumidza. Mutauri anosiya chigaro ndokugadza mutezo webato guru kuti ashande se "Chisarudzo cheDare ra Whole"." The Mace, chiratidzo cheGuru, anosundwa kunzvimbo yakaderera.

Gakava guru rinovamba mumashoko omutemo. Nguva inowanzodzorwa nechigaro nenhengo yapamusoro yedare yakashuma chikwereti. Vanopa dzimwe nhengo nguva yokutaura kana kuti kupesana nemutezo. Iyi "mitemo yeawa" inoreva kuti mutezo unogona kutaura kusvikira kuawa, kunyange zvazvo zvichishanda, nguva inoiswa mu5, 10, kana kuti mativi ane 15 emitemo. Iyi ndiyo nhambo yebasa apo mitezo inoita mashoko ayo makuru, ichirumbidza kunaka kwepepa kana kuti kukanganisa kwaro. C-SPANHAME dzinotakura idzi hurukuro, idzo kazhinji kazhinji dzinonangidzirwa zvikuru pamitezo yoruwa kana kuti zvirongwa zvomunguva yemberi kupfuura vamwe vashandi.

Muitiro weFiji: Floor "Marko"

Pashure pokunge kurukurirano yavose yaguma, Dare reVose rinoenda ku "kugadziridza," uko kunowanzonzi "kutengesa pauriri". Ndipo panombochinja muromo. Muitiro unotungamirirwa zvikuru nomutemo uye nemirau yeImba pamusoro pokuvatana.

Muti We Amendeji

Imba inoshanda pagadziriro yakaoma inonzi "muti wokugadziridza". Iyi irondedzero yedare revafundisi idzodzoreswa inogona kupiwa uye munhevedzanoi. Kazhinji kazhinji, mutezo unogona kupa "dhigree resitoree" kurugwaro rwomutengi. Imwe nhengo ipapo inogona kupa "kugadziriswa kwechipiri" kuicho chokutanga. Dare reVolume vese padaree resivi rese, ipapo rugwaro rwokutanga rwegweta (sezvinobvira).

Nyanzvi yeparamende nenyanzvi yebato vanogona ku "zadza muti." kupfurikidza nokupa zvigadziriso chaizvo munhevedzano yakananga, mutungamiriri mukuru anogona kuvhara zvimwe zvigadziko zvose kuti zvisapiwa, achidzivisa nenzira inobudirira mano evo vashomanene okuchinja mutengo. Ichi chishandiso chine simba chinoshandiswa kudzivirira chibereko chikuru chemutezo wemitemo.

Kutonga Kushanu

Kudzikamiswa kunokurukurwa pasi pomutemo wedare. Mutsigiri wekugadziriswa anowana maminiti mashanu okutsanangura. Ipapo, mutezo unopesana nepedzisi unowana maminiti mashanu okutaura pamusoro payo. Pashure paikoko, nguva inodzorwa nechigaro chedare, chinogona kutera kumitezo nokuda kana kuti kupesana. Iyi nhambo yeshure neyokupedzisira inogona kupfuurira kwamaawa, achibvumira kunyudza kukuru muzvikamu zvakananga zvepepa. Pashure pekurukurirano paidzoro, Dare reMavota ose riri pairi, kazhinji kazhinji nenzwi.

Kurwira Mashoko Akanyorwa

Vavhoti venzwi vanokurumidza, asi havatiudzi kuti mutezo mumwe nomumwe wakavhota sei. Kana mumwe wemitezo iripo akairaira, vhoti yakarekodhwa inogona kuitwa. MuDare reVota raVose, mavhoti akarekodwa anoitwa achishandisa gadziriro yokuvhota yemagetsi. Mitezo inoisa makadhi avo okuvhota muzviteshi zvokuvhotera pauriri, uye migumisiro inoratidzirwa papuranga guru muimba. Iyi inotora 15 kusvikira kumaminiti 20. Chityisidziro chenguva dzose chevhoti inochengeta mitezo yakanyorwa uye inosungirwa kuti imire pazvigadziko zvokuvhotera.

Mutambo Wokupedzisira: Kukwira Nokushuma

Kana kugadziridzwa kwose kwaitwa, nokuvhoterwa, Dare reWose rinobva. Rinovhota kuti riudzezve mutengo wacho kuImba yakazara nezvigadziriso zvakagamuchirwa. Spenger anotangazve chigaro, Make anomutsirwa kukwirira kwacho kwose, uye Imba inoumbwazve.

Mutambo Uri Parwendo Rwokupedzisira

Imba ipapo inovhota pakugamuchira gadziridzo yabvumira muDare reWhose (kazhinji kazhinji rinoitwa "kazhinji) kana kuti mukufamba kumwe) uye ipapo pakupfuura kwokupedzisira kwemutemo sekuchinjwa. vhoti pandima yokupedzisira inodokuva nguva dzose chivhoti chakanyorwa. Voruzhinji vemitezo iripo nevokuvhota vanodikanirwa kuti vapfuure. Kana vhoti yakasungirwa, Mutauri angavhota kuputsa tayi, asi kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji, vhoti inoreva kuti chivhoti chishatsama.

Vane Chinetso Nebasa Remutauri

Pamberi poruvhotoro rwokupedzisira, mutezo unogona kuraira "kudana kwechikomupiti" kuva nechokwadi chokuti chitsama chiduku chebumbiro remitemo chemitezo 218 chiripo. Speaker anoita basa rinokosha mukuvhiya, achishanda neMajor - Wip kuvimbisa kuti mitezo iri pauriri yakakwana kuti ipfuure bhiri. Kana muvhoti wokupedzisira wava pedyo, Mutauri anogona kuita kuti vhoti ivhure kwemaminiti kana kuti kunyange maawa okushatisa maoko nokuchinja pfungwa. Nepo vhoti yemagetsi inonyatsorongwa mumaminiti 15, Mubati ane uchenjeri hwokuivhura nguva refu kuti ichengetedze mavhoti anodiwa. Simba iri rakatungamirira kugakava rinokosha mumakore achangobva kupfuura.

Chii Chinoitika Pashure Pemba?

Kupfuura paImba yacho chinhu chikuru, asi chinongova chitsauko chimwe chete chenyaya yemitemo.

Kushongedzwa uye Dare

Kana bhii rangopfuura Imba, i "yengrosed" — rugwaro rwapamutemo runotsikirirwa nedzose dzinogamuchirwa. Kopi iyi yakatapurwa igotumirwa kuDare neshoko rapamutemo. Dare rine mitemo yaro rimene yakasiyana (kubatanidza imonitorbuster), uye rinogona kupfuura pamutemo seri, kuibvisa, kana kuti kuifuratira. Kana Dare rikapfuudza shanduro yakasiana yemutemo, makamuri maviri anofanira kuyananisa misiyano yawo.

Dare Romusangano

Kupedza misiyano pakati peshanduro dzeImba neDare redare remitemo, dare re "bvumirano" rinoumbwa. Iri idare rechinguvana rinoumbwa nemitezo mishomanene (inonzi "vasonganiri") kubva mukamuri rimwe nerimwe, yakagadzwa naSpeaker naDare Majorist. Varongi vanosangana seri kwemisuo yakavharwa kuti vasaidze chinyorwa chemitemo. Uyu mushumo wemusangano unozodzoserwa kudzimba dzose nokuda kwevhoti isinazve kubvumirwa. Chibvumirano chinobvisa dare redare redare rava pedyo zvikuru kuti rive mutemo.

Chiito Chapurezidhendi

Pashure pokupfuudza makamuri ose ari maviri muchimiro chakafanana, rugwaro rwacho ndi "runopetwa" uye runopiwa kuna Purezidhendi. Purezidhendi ane mazuva gumi (anowedzera maSvondo) kusaina mutemo, kuudzorera kuCongress, kana kuti kurega uve mutemo pasina siginicha. Kana Purezidhendi akasaina rugwaro, Chibvumirano chinogona kudzora dare navazhinji vazhinji muzvose zviri zviviri Imba neDare.

Zvomene Yegakava Razvino Uno Redzimba

Muitiro unorondedzerwa pano ndi "nhevedzo yomutemo". Muitiro, Imba yazvino uno inoshanda nokusanoita kukuru kunosundwa noutungamiriri hwebato. Kushandiswa kwemirau yakavharwa neyakarongeka kwakawedzera zvinoshamisa, kuchiganhurira mano evoruzhinji kupa gadziridzo. Ukuru hwevoruzhinji hunoraira kumhanya kwemitemo; voruzhinji vanogona kupfuudza zvikwereti nokukurumidza, nepo voruzhinji vashomanene vachida kurova kukurusa uye kutsinhirana pavhoti iri yose.

Nharo muImba haisati iri kurukurirano yechiSocrates inonangidzirwa kukuwana zvokwadi. Imakwikwi akarongwa, anotora, uye kazhinji kazhinji enzvimbo yemitambo nokuda kwesimba. Voruzhinji vanoda kupfuudza purogiramu yaro, vashomanene vanoda kumisa kana kuti kumanikidza vhoti dzinokuvadza mune zvamatongerwe enyika, uye mitemo yedare reparamende zvishongo nenhoo zvinoshandiswa muiyi hondo yezuva nezuva. Kunzwisisa uyu muitiro, kubva kudare rinonzwa kusvikira kuhama yokupedzisira, kunokosha kuti unzwisise hurumende yeUnited States.