Sumo

Kunyoreswa kwapamutemo kweroorano yevatano yakafanana mumativi akawanda enyika kwakachinja zvikuru nzvimbo yemari nechekurega basa nokuda kweLGBTQ+ varoorani. Kusati kuchamanikidzirwa kutsamira pazvinyorwa zvapamutemo kana kuti tariro nokuda kwokurapwa kwakanaka, varoorani vane mitezo mimwe cheteyo yevatano yevatano zvino zvinofarikanya dziviriro dzimwe chetedzo idzo varoorani vevatano vakaregeredzwa. Kunzwisisa kuti idzi kodzero dzeroorano dzinobatanidzwa nebetsero yepenjeni yebasa, gadziriro dzemitero, kuronga nzvimbo, uye kutarisirwa kwenguva refu zvinonetsa kwete bedzi nokuda kwavadzidzisi, uyewo nokuda kwavadzidzisi, zvirongwa zvemari, uye vagadziri vemiitiro vanobatira chiverengero chavanhu vakasiyana - siyana. Nyaya inopa kunzvera kukuru maruramiro eroorano, nzira dzakajeka dzinotapura kuronge dzichigara panzvimbo yokushanda, uye zvirongwa zvepamutemo nokuda kwokutsvaka kuchengeteka mune zvemari.

Kutanga Kwekodzero Dzevakaroorana Vane Ngozi Dzokurara Nadzo

Pamberi pomugumo wezana ramakore rechi20, ukama hwevatano neSouth Africa hwakava husingaoneki zvikuru mumeso omutemo. Kurwira wirirano yeroorano kwakawana simba muma 1990 namavambo ama 2000, nenyika dzakadai seNetherlands (2001), Belgium (2003), Canada (2005), uye South Africa (2006). muUnited States, fambiro mberi yakavapo murusarudzo kupfurikidza nechisarudzo chedare rehurumende nemwero wemipimo, zvichipedziridza chisarudzo chetsika yeU.S. Chisarudzo chapamusoro cheDare reHurumende [[FLT: 0] OGberge was v. Hodges[FLD 1] [2001], iyo yairangarira kuti varoorani vatene vane maruramiro vorusariranwa mumugariro wapakati pegumi namakumi mana. Icho chinotambanuro kudzoro inopfumisa kudzivirira nokukurumidza kupfurikidza neyamubatanidzwa mubatanidzwa mubatanidzwa, chengeteko, kubatanidza puro yeSocialse, uye mutejiro, inowirirana neyamugoveridzo.

Munyika yose, fambiro mberi yave isina kuenzana. Kubvira pa 2024, roorano yevatano yakafanana yapamutemo munyika dzinopfuura 30, nepo vamwe vazhinji vachipa mubatanidzwa wehurumende bedzi kana kuti kutongozivikanwa. Kunyange munyika umo roorano iri yapamutemo, varoorani vangatarisana nezvinetso kana kuti kumira kunzvimbo dzinosazivikanwa. Kunzwisisa iri basa rekodzero dzavanhu vose kunokosha nokuda kwokuronga kupera basa kupi nokupi kungabatanidza nzvimbo dzakawanda kana kuti kufamba kwamarudzi ose.

Kutapura Kwakaita Nenzira Yakananga Kuronga Kurega Basa

Roorano inopa betsero huru dzehurumende nehurumende dzinopesvedzera zvikuru mari yokurega basa nechengeteko. Kuvakwanyina vounzenza vamwe chetevo avo vainyimwa betsero idzi kare, kuchinja kwave kuchishandurwa. Pasi apa ndidzo nzvimbo huru umo kodzero dzeroorano dzinobatanidzwa nokuronga kutora mudyandigere.

Kubatsirwa Nokuchengeteka Kwenzanga

Chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha zvikurusa zvemari nokuda kwavapukunyuki vazhinji iSocial Security. Pamberi peroorano, vakwanyina voutere vakasagona kuwana betsero dzakafanana kana kuti mupukunyuki. Pashure pa Obergefell v. Hodges, Social Security Administration (SA) inoziva kuti roorano dzose dzinoitwa nenzira yapamutemo nokuda kwedonzo ra:

  • Betsero dzapasi: Mukwanyina anotora nzvimbo yakaderera anogona kugamuchira 50% yebetsero yapamusoro yemukwanyina anotora mudyandigere yakazara apo vose vari vaviri vanenge vari vapenyu.
  • Betsero dzinopukunyuka: Pashure pokunge mukwanyina afa, mukwanyina akasara anogona kugamuchira kusvikira ku 100% dzebetsero yomushandi akafa, kana akagoverwa zera rakati nenhambo yeroorano inosvitswa.
  • [[KAMBIRO: 0] Kubetsera mukwanyina akacherekedzwa: Kana roorano ikaguma muchatanuro pashure paanenge makore 10, aichimbova mukwanyina angava akakodzera nokuda kwebetsero dzakavakirwa pachinyorwa chemari yaaichimbova.

SSA inoshandisa “nzvimbo yemhemberero” mutemo: kana roorano yakaitwa nenzira yapamutemo musimba rinobvuma roorano youtere, inozivikanwa nokuda kwebetsero dzehurumende kunyange kana varoorani zvino vachigara muhurumende isingawirirani. Nokuda kwavaroorani vakaroora pamberi pa 2015, SSA inowanzorangarira roorano kuva inoshanda kubva pamusi wekunyoreswa pamutemo kwehurumende, uko kuri pashure peicho. Ikoku kunogona kutapura uwandu hwebetsero dzavapukunyuki, idzo dzinoda roorano yemwedzi inenge mipfumbamwe mumigariro mizhinjisa.

Vaviri vanofanira kusanotsinhirana kuti vataure zvirongwa. Somuenzaniso, mukwanyina akaderera angada kuwana betsero dzemari nokukurumidza apo angabvumira betsero yavo vamene kunonoka kuva nechikwereti chokurega basa. Ukuwo, muwani mukuru anganonoka kuva nebetsero ku 70 kuti awedzere betsero yomupukunyuki pakupedzisira. Kushandisa mabharani eSSA paIndaneti kana kubvunza murongi wezvemari akarovedzanwa navakwanyina vouvatana vorudzi rumwe chetevo kunogona kubetsera kuvandudza iyi migariro.

Betsero Dzemutero

Vakaroorana vanogona kusarudza kuronga mitero yemari inotambirwa nehurumende pamwe chete kana kuti vakaparadzana. Vakaroorana vakawanda vevatano imwe chete, vachironga pamwe chete mitero yakaderera zvikuru, zvikurukuru apo mumwe anowana mari yakawanda kupfuura mumwe. Kuisa mitero kwakabatana kunovhurawo:

  • Kuderedzwa kweIRA yomurume uye mano okupa mari kuRoth IRA nokuda kwomukwanyina asiri kushanda.
  • Tsamba yomutero inowanwa inobhadharwa (yavaroorani vane mwero vanowanwa).
  • Mwana wacho uye chikwereti chevaanotarisirwa naye.
  • Kurega mitero kupiwa vanhu vakaroorana pasina kubhadhara mutero kana kuti kubvisa mitero yezvipo.

Zvisinei, “chirango cheroorano” chinogona kushanda apo vose vari vaviri vanowana mari yakakwirira zvakafanana. Muzvinoitika izvozvo, kuisa vakaparadzana pane dzimwe nguva kungabetsera, kunyange zvazvo kuchiwanzobvisa varoorani muzvikwereti zvakawanda nezviripo. Vakaroorana vorudzi rumwe chetevo vanofanira kuronga mitero vachishandisa zvinyorwa zvemitero gore rimwe nerimwe, zvikurukuru mukati mamakore okurega basa apo mari inowanwa ingachinja. Uyewo zvinokosha: IRS inoda kuti varoorani vashandise mugariro mumwe chetewo pahurumende unodzosera padzokerero yehurumende, uko kunogona kuparira zvinetso mumasangano avo vamene emitero.

Kuronga Zvikwereti Nekodzero Dzenhaka

Kuroorana kunongoerekana kwapa mumwe nomumwe kodzero dzakati dzokugara nhaka dzaifanira kugadzirwa nemagwaro anodhura epamutemo.Aya anosanganisira:

  • Dziviriro dzokusabereka: Kana munhu akaroora akafa asina chido, mukwanyina akasara anogara nhaka rutivi runokosha rwenzvimbo, kuchitsamira pamutemo wehurumende uye kana kune vana.
  • Zvitsama zvisina muganhu zveroorano: zvakasiyirwa mukwanyina akasara zvinopfuudza pasina mutero wenzvimbo womubatanidzwa, pasinei zvapo noukuru hwenzvimbo.
  • kusashaikwa kwekubviswa kwomutero wenzvimbo: Chikamu chisingazivikanwi chomutezo wenzvimbo womubatanidzwa wehurumende unohesvurwa wenzvimbo wehurumende chinogona kuchinjirwa kumukwanyina akasara, nenzira inobudirira kupetazve kusiiwa kwevaroorani.
  • Kushanda somumiriri womunhu oga: Mukwanyina asara anowanzova mumutsara kuti ashande somutongi kana kuti mutarisiri wenzvimbo.

Pasinei zvapo neiyi dziviriro, kuronga nzvimbo kunoramba kuchikosha nokuda kwavaroorani vane mitezo mimwe cheteyo yokubereka nayo. Mhuri dzinobatanidzwa, vana vanobva muukama husati hwaitwa, uye zvinhu zvinochengetwa muutsanana kana kuti maakaundi okurega basa zvinoda kusanoshandira pamwe. Chido kana kuti ruvimbo chapaupenyu chinogona kubvisa mitemo isati yakarongwa yokusasarura uye kuva nechokwadi chokuti zvinhu zvinopfuura maererano nezvido zvevaroorani. Kuwedzera, varoorani vorudzi rumwe chetevo vanofanira kuhwina kana mukwanyina akawana zvinhu.

Mushandirwi Anokumbirwa Kurega Basa Nebetsero Dzoutano

Imba inopa vakwanyina vane mitezo mimwe cheteyo yokubereka nayo vanokwanisa kuwana betsero dzinogoverwa nevashandirwi. Kana vari vokurega basa, ikoku kunoreva:

  • Kodzero dzekubvuma: Nokuda kwezvirongwa zvemudyandigere zvakarondedzerwa, mukwanyina anofanira kusaina mubhadhari kana mutsigiri achida kusarudza chisarudzo pane mubatanidzwa akakwaniriswa uye anopukunyuka. Ikoku kunodzivirira mukwanyina asara kuti asasiyiwa pasina mari.
  • [ Mirairo yeukama hwemhuri yakarongeka (QDROs): Muchinoitika chechatanuro, chikamu chegadziriro yokurega basa chinogona kugoverwa kune aichimbova mukwanyina pasina zvirango zvemitero.
  • Kudzorwa kweakaundi dzemudyandigere: Mukwanyina asara anogona kutenderera pamusoro peIRA yakagarwa nhaka kana kuti 401(k) muzita ravo vamene, kunongedzera kuinodikanwa kugovera zvishoma kusvikira pazera 73. Varidziri vanobatira havafaniri kuparadzira makore anopfuura 10.

Betsero dzoutano dzinokosha zvakaenzana. Inishuwarenzi youtano yavashandirwi inogona kufukidza mukwanyina, uye bhadharo inorangarirwa semari isingabhadharwi yomutero. Pashure pokurega basa, mano okupfuurira kufukidza pasi peCOBRA kana kuti kusvika gadziriro youtano yomukwanyina akarega basa inogona kuvhara mukaha kusvikira Medicasare remari. Varoorani vorudzi rumwe cheterwo veHR vanofanira kuva nechokwadi chokuti varongedzere zvinyorwa zveroorano ndokunzwisisa kuti roorano dzechikwanyina dzakafanana dzinobatwa zvakafanana kuroorano dzevatano dzakapesana.

Kuramba Uine Matambudziko uye Kufunga Kunobatsira

Pasinei zvapo nechirongwa chapamutemo chakatangwa ne bergefell, vakwanyina vevatano vamwe chetevo vachiri kutarisana nedenho dzechienzi dzokuronga kuzorora pamudyandigere idzo dzinoda ngwariro.

Mitemo Yehurumende Inochinja uye Kutyisidzira Kwechinjo Dzomunguva Yemberi

Chisarudzo cheDare guru reU.S. mu Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization (2022) chakamutsa funganyo pakati penyanzvi dzemitemo idzo dzimwe maruramiro anobva mumuitiro wakaderera wakafanira neapo roorano imwe cheteyo yapamberi pere, hakudi kuti roorano imwe cheteyo igozodzorwazve. Nepo [[FLT:] Respect for Marriage Act[[FLT:] [2002] [202]) izvi zvinoda hurumende yehurumende yehurumende uye masangano ose okuziva roorano mamwe cheteyo inoitirwa mumugariro upi noupi, hakudikani kuisa kutaura kuti roorano imwe cheteyo ive roorano inotenderwa kuidzwa kupfurikidza nokufambira mberi kwenguva iyoyo, asi ingagona kuva inotobvumwa kuro.

Nokuda kwavaroorani vanoronga kurega basa mune imwe nharaunda, kuchenjera kunzvera dziviriro dzenzvimbo dzehurumende dzevakwanyina vevatano imwe cheteyo, kubatanidza mitemo pamusoro penhaka, kuita zvisarudzo zvezvokurapa, uye kudzivirira. Dzimwe nyika dzine dziviriro dzakasimba dzisingasaruri; dzimwe dzine ganhuriro. Kubvisa gweta renzvimbo rinoita izvi nhau kunogona kugovera rugare rwendangariro.

Kurambana uye Kuparadzana

Kodzero dzimwe chetedzo dzeroorano dzinogovera betsero dzinoparirawo misengwa. Kurambana pakati pavakwanyina vane mitezo yakasiana yevatano yakafanana, uye kuguma kunogona kuoma kupfurikidza nenguva pfupi yezivikanwo yapamutemo nokuda kwevaroorani. Kugovera betsero dzeNhungamiro yenzanga, uye kutsigirana kunoda kuronga kwepamutemo nekwemari. Zvibvumirano zveroorano kana kuti zvepashure peroorano zvinogona kujekesa idzi nhau pachine nguva mberi. Varoorani vevatano imwe chete vanofanira kuziva kuti kunyange mibatanidzwa yemhuri kana kuti mibatanidzwa yavagari vemo inochinjirwa kuroorano ingava nemitemo yakasiana, zvichitsamira pamutemo wehurumende.

Kutarisira Kwenguva Refu NeMedicaid

Varoorani vane dziviriro dzinodzorwa naMedicaid nokuda kwendyiko refu dzetarisiro. Munzvimbo zhinjisa, mukwanyina womuMedicaid anokumbira anogona kuchengeta chitsama chakati chemari nezvinhu ( “mari inotambirwa yavose yavose mukwanyina”) pasina kumanikidzirwa kupinda muurombo. Varoorani voutere vakaroorana musimba rinoona roorano yavo inofanira kubatwa nenzira imwe cheteyo, asi kuchengetwa kunoshanda kunogona kusiana. Vanyakuroorana vanofanira kushanda nomugamuchiri womutemo anonzwisisa mhesano yeMedidi, roorano, uye mufambiro wevatano.

Mazano Anoshanda Kune Vakaroorana Vane Utano Hwakafanana Vanoronga Kurega Basa

Panyaya iri pamusoro apa, hedzino nhanho dzakanyatsoita kuti vanhu vanenge vaita zvepabonde vawedzere kuchengeteka kwavangawana pavanenge varega basa.

Ongorora Wovandudza Mapepa Ose Apamutemo

Roorano yoga haisati ichipfuura magwaro echinyakare akagadzirwa pamberi pomuchato. Varoorani vose vanofanira kuva nechokwadi chokuti zvido, kusavimbana, masimba egweta, magwaro okutarisira utano, uye zvido zvokurarama zvinoratidza mugariro wavo weroorano wazvino uno nezvinodiwa. Mazita okusawirirana pamaakaundi okurega basa, inishuwarenzi youpenyu, uye zviito zvinofanira kugadziriswa kuti vatumidze mukwanyina uko kunoda. Vakaroorana vane vana vapakuvamba vanofanira kuita gadziriro dzakavakirwa pakuvimbana kuti vagove vose vari vaviri mukwanyina navana, vachishandisa mipimo yakafanana nettiesvoswoswos kuti vachengetedze fariro dzavo.

Kuzviti Kunotsigirwa Nenzanga Kwakabatana

Nemhaka yokuti vakaroorana vane mitezo mimwe cheteyo yevatano vangava nenhau dzemari nezera zvakasiyana, vanogona kuita kuti betsero dzavo dzakabatanidzwa dzoupenyu dzive dzakaenzana kupfurikidza nokusarudza zera rakanakisisa rinoda mukwanyina mumwe nomumwe. Sangano reSocial Security Administration rinopa “Nzanga yangu” nzvimbo apo vanhu vanogona kurangarira chinyorwa chavo chemari uye betsero dzinofungidzirwa. Varoorani vanofanira kurangarira kusangana nomurongi wemari uyo anogona kushandisa zvinoitika izvo zvinobatanidza nduramo youpenyu, mamwe manyuko, uye bviro nokuda kwebetsero yomukwanyina yokupfuurira kuva mupukunyuki.

Mipiro Yokurega Basa Yakawanda

Varoorani mumwe nomumwe vanogona kupa mari yeIRA (mutsika kana kuti Roth) kana vakawana mari yakaringana. Kana mukwanyina mumwe ane mari shomanene kana kuti asina, mukwanyina anoshanda anogona kugovera kuIRA yeIRA nokuda kwomukwanyina asiri kushanda, zvinobudirira kupetazve mari yomutero yemhuri yakaiswa pamutero. Nokuda kwa 2025, ganhuriro yomupiro weIRA i $7 000 ($8 000) nokuda kwaavo vezera 50 kana kuti kupfuura). Mukuwedzera, mushandirwi akadai sa401(k) na 403(b) vanofanira kuiswa musero mukuru kusvikira kutambanuko inobvira, zvikurukuru kana mushandirwi akagovera wirirano.

Ronga Ndyiko Dzoutano

Kutarisira utano kazhinji kazhinji indyiko hurusa. Varoorani vevatano yechipfuva chevatano vanofanira kunzvera zvisarudzo zveinishuwarenzi youtano mukati mamakore avo okushanda, kubatanidza inishuwarenzi yavashandirwi nokuda kwomukwanyina. Pazera ramakore 65, vakwanyina vose vari vaviri vanova vanofanirwa nokuda kweMedicare, asi mumwe nomumwe anofanira kunyoresa somunhu mumwe nomumwe. Zvirango zvapashure zvinoshanda kana Part B kana kuti Particle D zvichisundwa pasina imwe chikwereti. Vaviri vanofanira kurangarirawo kutenga inishuwarenzi yenguva refu yezvokutarisira, kana kuti kana mumwe ane nhau dzoutano dzinokosha, kuisa parutivi mari yavanochengeta mari inochengetwa muutano (HA) mukati mamakore okushanda. Saizvozvo vanopa mitero mitatu uye vanogona kushandiswa mukubhadhara mari yokubhadhara mitero inokwaniri inokwaniriswa yokurapa.

Kutsvaka Kungwarira, Kusimbisa Mazano Ounyanzvi

Vagadziri vezvemari, vagadziri vemitero, uye magweta ezvenzvimbo avo vanonzwisisa mu LGBTQ+ nhau dzinokosha. Mazita ane ruzivo akadai seCFP® kana kuti ChFC anobetsera, asi chinokosha ndechokuwana mugadziri wemifungo yevaviri vezvezera rimwe chetero: nhau yekusaenzana kwapamutemo, ukoshi hwekunyora ukama, uye kukwanisa kwechinjo dzemitemo munguva yemberi. Masangano akadai se [[FLT:][2]

Kukosha Kwokuramba Uchishingaira

Kuronga kutora mudyandigere hachisi chinoitika chimwe chete. Mitemo inochinja, mamiriro ezvinhu omunhu oga, uye zvinangwa zvemari zvinochinja. Vakaroorana vezvevatano zvakafanana vanofanira kuronga kuhwirudzura kwakakwana makore matatu kusvikira kumashanu ari ose, kana kuti nguva ipi kana ipi chinoitika chikuru choupenyu chinoitika (kuberekwa, rufu, chinjo yebasa, kufamba, kana kuti kuchinja mumugariro weroorano). Kuchengeta zvinyorwa zvokungwarira zvetsamba dzeroorano, mirauchata, uye chinjo dzezita zvinogona kudzivisa kutemwadza musoro wehurumende apo dzinotaura kuti inobetsera.

Nokuda kwavadzidzisi navaiti vemitemo, uyu musoro unosimbisa kudikanwa kwedzidzo yokurega basa yakakwana nedziviriro dzapamutemo. Sezvo LGBTQ+ zera ravagari vemo, kuva nechokwadi chokuti gadziriro dzemari dzinobata vose vakaroorana zvakaenzana dzinoramba dziri nzvimbo yokutanga inopfuurira. Kupfurikidza nokunzwisisa tapuro yakazara yekodzero dzeroorano pakuronga kutora mudyandigere, varoorani vevatano yevatano imwe cheteyo vanogona kuvaka nguva yemberi yakachengeteka yakafanirwa nayo.