Chitanga: Kuwedzera Kwoutongi Hwemataundi muUK

Mumakumi maviri amakore apfuura, United Kingdom yakaona chinjo huru mumugariro wayo wokudzora womunzvimbomo, zvikurukuru kupfurikidza nokutanga nokukura kwavanameya vakasarudzwa zvakananga mumaguta makuru uye zviremera zvakabatanidzwa. Ava vanameya vakauya nemitezo mitsva yemitumbi inoita zvisarudzo: matare emoya. Makambani akasarudzwa uye pane dzimwe nguva mitezo yakabatana, aya matare anobatira nokukurudzira meya, muitiro wokusaita, uye kufambisa mumaguta makuru akadai sechotomu, dzimba, kubudirira kwezve zvoupfumi, uye kutsigirwa kwemhoteredzo. Basa rawo razova rinokosha zvikuru mumuitiro weguta, bva rinoshanda chairo mukusvitsa nharidzano dzinooneka dzinoramba dziri nhau yekurukurirano.

Nyaya inonzvera chirongwa, mabasa, uye kushanda kwamatare emochare muUK. Inonzvera zvinhu zvinosarudza budiriro yavo, inosimbisa nzvero dzenhau dzenyika chaiyo dzinobva mumaguta akadai seLondon, Greater Manchester, uye West Midlands, uye inokurukura zvinetso zvinopfuurira zvinoganhurira pesvedzero yavo. Nokunzwisisa zvose zviri zviviri bviro nengozi dzeaya matare, vaiti vemitemo navagari vemo vanogona kuyera zviri nani mubato wavo kukubudirira kweguta nokuzvidavirira kwehurumende.

Zvirongwa Nemarudzi Ematare eMayoral

Matare eMayoral haasati ari emonlithic; anosiana zvikuru zvichitsamira pagadziriro yapamutemo yechiremera chakabatanidzwa kana kuti dare romunzvimbomo, mamiriro ezvamatongerwe enyika, uye mutoo wakananga. Zvikurukuru, aya matare anowira mumapoka matatu akafara: kunzvera, kunzvera, uye kuita zvisarudzo. Rimwe nerimwe rinoita basa rakasiana, uye dzikamo pakati paro rinogona kusarudza kuti muitiro weguta unofambira mberi sei nenzira inobudirira.

Matare Okutungamirira

Matare ezvokuronga anopa mubatanidzwa wenyanzvi uye rumbidzo kuna meya panhau chaidzo. Anowanzobatanidza kwete bedzi vasarudzo asi nyanzvi dzokunze, vatungamiriri vebhizimisi, uye vamiririri venzanga. Somuenzaniso, matare eLondon Environment Strategy Advisory Group anounza pamwe chete vapangi kuti vaparidze pamusoro pezvirongwa zvakasvibira uye kugadziridza mamiriro okunze. Nepo aya matare asina masimba okuita zvisarudzo zvepamutemo, pesvedzero yawo inogona kuva yakasimba apo meya anokoshesa unyanzvi hwokunze uye kuvaka. Zvisinei, kubudirira kwavo kunotsamira pamashandisiro akakomba anoita meya kurumbidza kwavo.

Matare Okuongorora

Matare okunzvera akagadzirirwa kurangarira meya navakuru vakuru vavo. Vanonzvera zvisarudzo, kuhwirudzura, uye vanogona kukumbira kuti vapindure. Mumutemo weLocal Government Act 2000 uye nhevedzano yemitengo yokuchinja zvinhu, zviremera zvakawanda zvakabatanidzwa zvakatanga matare okunzvera anofanira kunzvera magadzirirwo ezvirongwa zvikuru nemari inorongwa. Matare aya anogona kukumbira mashoko nerumbidzo, asi haagoni kuchinja zvisarudzo zvemongi. Simba rawo riri muvururami uye ndyiko dzezvamatongerwe enyika dzokufuratira zvawanwa. Apo matare anonzvera anosanosanonatsa miuyo yakaisvonaka uye akadzikama mune zvamatongerwe enyika, anogona kuvandudza zvikuru miuyo kupfurikidza nokuziva zvikanganiso uye kukarakadza kuvandudza pakuvamba mugadziriro.

Kuita Matare Anoita Chisarudzo

Mamwe matare emeya akagovera chiremera chokuita zvisarudzo, zvikurukuru nokuda kwenhau dzinoshanda kana kuti zvirongwa zviduku zvikuru zvedzimbahwe. Somuenzaniso, dare reTrast yeLondon (TFL) rinoshanda namasimba makuru anogoverwa nokuda kwemibato yezuva nezuva, kunyange zvazvo meya achichengeta udzori hwezvose. Muzviremera zvakabatanidzwa, matare akadai seWest Middlands Drided Authority (WCA) Dare rinobatanidza meya nevakuru vakuru vakuru, vachiita zvisarudzo zvetsika pakugoverwa kwemari uye kudzora. Mapoka aya kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji anoshanda zvakanaka mukufambisa motokari, asi anogonawo kupa ngwariro nesimba uye anogona kudzorwa kusinganzwisisiki.

Kusiyana - siyana Munharaunda dzeUK

Chivako chamatare emeya chakaumbwawo nezvibvumirano chaizvo zvokuchinja zvakaitwa pakati pehurumende nenharaunda imwe neimwe. Greater Manchester Counciled Authority (GMCA), somuenzaniso, ine gadziriro yakasiyana yemacostationfolio inotungamirira nejenas matare echigaro anofukidza nzvimbo dzakadai seutano, dzimba, uye unyanzvi. London, neyayo yeGuer London Authority (GLA), inoshanda muenzaniso mukuru zvikuru umo Mayo agadza vateshi nedzimba zvemitumbi inoshanda. MuTees Valley, Authority ine chivako chiduku chedare chinoratidza mamiriro ezvinhu adzo akaganhurirwa zvikuru. Uku kuchinja uku kunoreva kuti hapana muenzaniso mumwe wedare rinotonga unoshanda, rinoshandawo rose pamusoro pemauganda.

Zvinhu Zvinoita Kuti Matare eMayoral Abudirire

Pasinei nokuti matare emochareal anoshanda sei, kubudirira kwematare ehurumende kuti abudirire kuita zvinangwa zvemumaguta kunoenderana nemubatanidzwa wezvinhu zvinoumba sangano, zvematongerwo enyika, uye zvinoshanda.

Kuchinjwa Kwezvinhu Neautonomy Yezvemari

Zvichida chisakiso chakakomba zvikurusa kuwanika kwezviwanikwa. Matare anoda vashandi vakakwana, mabasa okunzvera, uye kuronga kuti vaite mabasa avo. Muzviremera zvakawanda zvakabatanidzwa, matare anovimba navakuru vakuru vanobva kudare romubereki kana kuti chiremera chakabatanidzwa, icho chinogona kuganhurira kuzvimirira kwavo. Apo matare ane bhajeti yawo amene yemari yakarongwa. Somuenzaniso, kuronga kana kuti kubvunza kwokuronga. Nhevedzano dzinova nani kuti dzive negadziriro yokugadzira. Muzvititumicha zvaHurumende yeHurumende[ yacherekedza kuti matare emone mari inoparwa mari yakakwirira zvikuru (yakadai seManchesterinestery) anowanzova netapuro yemitenzi.

Kururamisa Kwezvamatongerwe Enyika NeConsensus

Masangano ezvamatongerwe enyika edare anopesvedzera mano awo okusvika zvisarudzo nokutsigira. Apo meya nevoruzhinji vemitezo yedare vari vebato rimwe chetero, kugadzirwa kwemiitiro kunoratidzika kuva kusinganatsii, asi kunzvera kungasava kuduku. Nenzira inopesana, matare akakamukana mune zvamatongerwe enyika anogona kuparira utariri hwakaoma zvikuru asi angawana jasi. Matare anobudirira zvikurusa anotanga tsika dzokushanda panhau dzisiri dzomugariro wokunze, dzakadai sechokufambisa zvinhu kana kuti kunaka kwemhepo, uko nharidzano dzinogoverana dzinogona kukurira mitsetse yebato.

Kubatanidzwa Pachena Nokuzvidavirira

Matare eMayoral anoitirwa kumirira vagari vemo, asi kungwaririra kwavose nokuvimbisana zvinoramba zviri zvishoma. Vagari vashoma vanoziva zvinoitwa neaya matare kana kuti nzira yokuvapesvedzera nayo. Matare anotsvaga zvinopinzwa nokuteerera vanhu vose, kubvunza paIndaneti, uye masangano enzanga anowanzoita mitemo inoratidzira zviri nani zvinodikanwa zvomunzvimbomo. Somuenzaniso, dare remhoteredzo reLondon rinoita misangano yavose nguva dzose uye rinoshandisa magirabhuroko, izvo zvinowedzera kuzvidavirira uye kushanda kwemitemo.

Kujeka Kwedonzo Nechiremera

Matare akarondedzera zvakajeka zvirongwazve namasimba okuita zvisarudzo ane bviro huru yokuwana miuyo. Kufunga pamusoro pokuti dare idisvori kana kuti imonitor kunogona kutungamirira kukukangaidzika nokupambadza nhamburiko. Ministry yeHouses, community and Local Government inoisa kudikanwa kwezviremera zvakabatanidzwa kuti zvigadzire mabasa edare zvakajeka mumabumbiro azvo emitemo. Mubasa, matare anobudirira anowanzoita zvirongwa zvebasa regore negore nezvipfuro zvinoda kuenzana nguva.

Kutungamirira uye Kukwidziridzwa Kwenhengo DzemaDare

Ruvara rwemitezo imwe neimwe rune chokuita zvikuru. Masangano ane migariro yezvemari yakakodzera yakadai savarongi veguta, nyanzvi dzemari, kana kuti mainjiniya − angabetsera zvinobudirira zvikuru kukurukurirano dzounyanzvi. Vanamagen’a vanouya kuruzivo rwesangano, nepo mitezo mitsva inopa mifungo mitsva. Gadziriro dzokurovedza mitezo yedare dzinogona kuwedzera zvikuru kushanda, zvikurukuru mukunzwisisa mienzaniso yemari yakaoma kana kuti zvirongwa zvapamutemo. Zvimwe zviremera zvakabatanidzwa, zvakafanana neWester of England Exten Exved Authority, zvinopinza mumarusando okuvandudza miuyo yemitezo yedare.

Kuongorora Zvirwere Zvevanhu Vari Mumataundi

Kuongorora kwakaita matare emochareya kwakabatsira kunzvimbo dzakati dzemitemo dziri munzvimbo dzakasiyana - siyana dzeUK kunopa uchapupu hwakasimba hwokushanda kwadzo, pamwe chete nezvipingamupinyi zvadzinotarisana nazvo.

London – Motokari Nedzimba

Meya weLondon anoshanda namasimba akasimba zvikurusa omutungamiriri upi noupi weguta reUK, kubatanidza udzori hwokufambisa nomuTfL uye pesvedzero huru pamusoro pedzimba kupfurikidza neLondon Plan. dare rezvokufambisa reLondon rakaita basa rinokosha mukuronga zvirongwa zvikuru zvakadai seElizabeth uye kukura kweUltra Low Eugging Zone. Kupfurikidza nenhau dzavose nemiraudzo, dare rakasundidzira nokuda kwokuwana kuri nani nokuoneka. Zvisinei, dare rezvo musikirwo wechisiko rinoita kuti zvisarudzo zvemone remochaire zvigone kunzvera, sezvinoonekwa mukukura kunomutsa kuvhotera kweULZ. Mudzimba, dare rokugara rave rinosimudzira kukwira musha, asi rakarumbidza kazhinji rakaganhurirwa nokutsigira dare rehurumende.

Manchester Mukuru – Druevolution Nedzimba

Manchester mukuru ane rimwe ramabasa akakwirira zvikurusa okugadzira zvinhu muUK, neGMCA anotarisira zvokufambisa, dzimba, unyanzvi, uye utano. Hospital, kuronga uye Nhungamiro yave ichishandiswa mukugadzira Mukuru weManchester Hospital Strategy [[[[FLL:1], yakagadza zvipfuro zvevavariro zvenhando zvokuvaka misha mitsva 30 000 pagore, nengwariro pamusoro pemari. Dare rinonangidzira mativi omuchinjikwa-pakati nenzvimbo yeguta rakabetsera kuchengeta muitiro wokupfuurira kugura muSarudzo yemakuru. Kubudirira kwaro kwaro kwaro kubva pamasimba akananga okuita mari yedzimba nokugadziridza mashati. Zvisinei, dare rakatarisana nokusarongeka kwemiteverwa kwemitezoro yeguta renyika yomunzvimbomo napashure raMay.

Madokero - Kubudirira Kwezvemari

West Midwands Commoned Authority (WMCA) yakanangidzira nhamburiko dzayo dzamadare pakukura kwezvemari, neWMCA Board ichishanda seboka guru rinoita chisarudzo. Maya anogarawo Dare reEconomic Development neReation Reation Commonealth Communing Commonent Projects uye Coventry Mother Rail. Dare iri rakaita mari inobudirira kubva kuWMCA, asi simba raro rakadzorwa nokusawirirana kwezvamatongerwe enyika pakati pameyaiguru uye vatungamiriri vedare, zvikurukuru pamusoro pokugoverwa kwemari inoshandiswa. Basa rokunzvera rinoitwa nedare reChritin, iro rakarumbidzwa nokuda kwokunzvera kwarongedzerwa kwaro kwaro kwaro kweWMCA, asi rakarumbidza kazhinji kazhinji kudzorwa kwarodzwa. Midminglandlands anoenzanisira mamiriro ezvinhu adzo adzo adzoro enyika.

Meyi - Rwiyo Neunyanzvi Hwokufambisa

The Tees Valley Authority ine chirongwa chiduku zvikuru chedare, chinoratidzira chibvumirano charo chakaganhurirwa zvikuru chekubviswa kwechinjo. Dare rePutuz rakatarisira kuiswa kwegadziriro yeTees Valley Metro nevandudzwa kuA66, asi tapuro dzaro dzakadzorwa nokushayikwa kwemari yenguva refu. Dare reDzikori neDzidzidzo zvashanda ne makoreji kuti zvigadzirire kuperevedza kwounyanzvi mumaindasi emakemikoro negadziriro. Nepo matare aya aita mabasa akananga, mano awo ose okuumba muitiro weguta kupfuura kuchinja kwokuwedzera kwemari anoramba aripo nemhaka yokubudirira yemari muWhighall.

Zvinetso Nokutsoropodza

Matare akawanda anopa mazano ezvokungotaura kuti anoshanda here uye kuti anoshanda sei.

Rimwe dambudziko nderokusawirirana kwematare nezviwanikwa.Matare anowanzobata nenzvimbo dzakaoma kuisa mari yepenjeni sedzinoiswa mari yepenjeni kana kuti kusava nekwayakarerekera kumunhu akazvimirira kana kuti kutadza kuongorora kana kupa mazano.

Kutora rutivi kwavose kunoramba kuchirangarirwa kuva kwakaderera. Matare anowanzorangarirwa kuva akajeka, nemisangano inoitwa mukati mamaawa okushanda nepurogiramu izvo zvakaomera vanhuwo zvavo kutevera. Ikoku kunobvisa kuva pamutemo kwavo kwedemokrase uye kunoreva kuti zvisarudzo zvemiitiro hazviratidzi zvizere zvinhu zvenzanga. Mushumo 2023 unoitwa ne Centre for Cities[ wakawana kuti vashomanene muvagari vemo gumi munharaunda dzakabatana vanogona kududza meya wavo, kutozongova mabhii anozvitsigira.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, meya akagadzirazve matare kuti aderedze kuzvimirira kwavo kana kuti aunganidze masangano ezvematongerwe enyika. Izvi zvinogona kuchinja matare kuva zvitempe zverabha pane kubvisa pfungwa dzechokwadi.

Kukurudzirwa Kwesimba Rokutungamirira Dare

Kuwedzera kubudirira kwematare emochare mukusvitsa nharidzano dzemiitiro yomumaguta, chinjo dzinoverengeka dzinofanira kurangarirwa. Chokutanga, matare anoda masimba akajeka uye anomanikidzirwa. Hurumende dzinofanira kuraira kuti zvisarudzo zvakati kuti “zvakadai segadziriro huru dzezvifambiso kana kuti zvipfuro zvedzimba dare rezvokufambisa (hwu kunzvera dare, kwete kungobvunza. Ikoku kungapa matare danda rine revo mumiuyo.

Chechipiri, kutsigira matare kunofanira kusimbiswa.

Chechitatu, Dare rinofanira kuita misangano yemanheru kana kuti yokupera kwevhiki, purogiramu dzokutepfenyura paIndaneti, uye kukumbira mashoko nemakombiyuta anoshandiswa pakuongorora zvinhu zvakadai semakombiyuta.

Pakupedzisira, panofanira kuva nechinodikanwa chakarongwa chokuti vanameya vabvume pachena kurumbidzwa nedare, vachitsanangura kuti vakasarudza kusatevera matare rini uye nei vakasarudza kusaatevera.

mhedziso

Mayoral matare muUK ane simba guru sezvishandiso zvokusvitsa zvinangwa zvemiitiro yomuguta, asi kubudirira kwavo kunosiyana zvichitsamira pamagadzirirwe, pfuma, uye magariro ezvematongerwe enyika. Apo matare anopiwa simba nechiremera chokuita zvisarudzo, mari yakakwana, uye tsika dzebatira pamwe inodzorwa nepakati pemichinjikwa, zvinogona kuita kuti pave nevafambi vakanaka mumotokari, dzimba, uye kukura kwezvemari. Zvisinei, apo anenge akawirwa nevavakwameyamhisi, kushayikwa kwepfuma, kana kuti kubviswa kubva kune voruzhinji, vanova vasina mipano yezvipfuuni zvinokundikana kubudisa chinjo ine revo. Nguva yemberi yokutonga kweguta muUK ichatsamira pakusimbisa mabhiri, kuchivapa masimba uye kutsigira kugadziridza maguta mangwana. Kuongorora nokuchinja nokuchinja zvinhu hakungova kunokosha nokuda kwekuvimbisa kuti vadzorere matare.