Rusaruro rwezera runoramba rwuri chinetso chinopfuurira munzvimbo zhinji dzebasa, ruchitapura kwete bedzi vashandi vakura asi pane dzimwe nguva vashandi vaduku pamwe chete. Apo unopfuudzirwa nokuda kwokusimudzirwa, unobviswa mukuderedzwa kunonyumwirwa musimba, kana kuti unoiswa kutsinhiro dzinozvidza pamusoro pezera rako, tapuro inogona kuva inoparadza kubasa rako uye pfungwa yako yokuva anozvibatira. Sezvineiwo, mitemo yehurumende nehurumende inogovera mishonga ine simba nokuda kwavanosarurwa vezera. Kunzwisisa iyi inhano yokutanga kudzivirira kodzero dzako uye kuita kuti vashandirwiswe. Nyaya ino inogovera kupfupi kwakajeka kwakakwana kwezvisarudzo zvepamutemo zvinowanika, miitiro inofanira kutevera, uye matanho anoshanda kuti uvake nhau yakasimba.

Kunzwisisa Mitemo Yezera Rakasiyana

Chinokosha chomutemo wesarura wehurumende wezera ndi Age Displation in Act yeMabasa ye 1967 (ADEA). Uyu mutemo unodzivirira vanhu vane makore 40 ezera kana kuti vakura kubva kurusarura rwebasa pazera. ADEA inoshanda kuvashandi vapachivanda vane 20 kana kuti vashandi vakawanda, uyewo kuhurumende, masangano ebasa, uye masangano evashandi. Inoreva mabasa akawanda, kubatanidza kubhadharwa, kukwidzwa, kukwidziridzwa, mibayiro, kugoverwa kwebasa, kurovedzwa, uye zvimwe mamiriro ezvinhu api naa api ebasa.

Zvinotokosha kuti ADEA inorambidzawo kunetswa kunobva pazera, zvakadai semajee anosemesa, mashoko anonyadzisa, kana kuti mashoko anokonzera kushatirwa kwevashandi. Kudzorwa kunorambidzwawo: mushandirwi haagoni kukuranga nokuda kwokuita kuti udzore miitiro yokusarura, kutora rutivi mukuongorora, kana kuti kushora udzvinyiriri. Mutemo unoshanda kuvashandi vose vazvino uno uye vanoshanda.

Nepo ADEA iri mutemo mukuru wehurumende, haisati iri dziviriro bedzi inowanika. Mitemo yakawanda ine mitemo yayo inorwisana neparamende inopa dziviriro huru. Mimwe mitemo yehurumende inofukidza vashandi vose pasinei zvapo nezera (kwete bedzi rinopfuura 40), inoshanda kuvashandirwi vaduku kupfuura ADEA subrie, kana kuti inogovera mimwe mishonga yakadai sechakaipa chakapfuudzwa. Somuenzaniso, California Fair Roomm neHoslact (FA) inopa dziviriro huru uye inobvumira kukuvadzwa kukuru mumigariro yakati. Nenzira yakafanana, kodzero dzavanhu dzeADEA del inodzivirira vashandi vezera ripi neripi neripi rinotemwa. Kutsoropodza kunzvera mitemo mumugariro wako nemhaka yokuti mishonga inogona kudzoreka kana kuti kupfuudza vanhu vorudzi.

Mukuwedzera, ADEA yakasimbiswa ne Whoomer Workers Benefit Protection Act ya 1990 , iyo inojekesa kuti rusaruro rwezera rinotenderwa murongedzero dzevashandi runobetsera pamutemo kutoti kwaruramiswa nemisiyano mikuru. OWBPA inogadzawo zvinodikanwa zvechimbichimbichimbi nokuda kwavaparadziri veADEA mubvumirano dzechibvumirano kana kuti kurudziro dzokutanga dzechipamberi. Kana mushandirwi akakukumbira kusaina muroyi, unofanira kupiwa mazuva anenge 21 kuti urangarire (mazuva 45 nokuda kwemisiyano) uye mazuva manomwe kuti urege kusaina kwako. Kukundikana kuwirirana nezvinodikanwa izvi kunoreva kusashanda.

Kugadzirisa Kwapamutemo Vaya Vakasarurwa Muzera Ravakwegura

Apo mushandirwi anoputsa mutemo wehurumende weADEA kana kuti wehurumende, vanyajambwa vane maruramiro okuwana mishonga yakasiyana - siyana yakagadzirirwa kuvaita kuti vave vakakwana uye kudzivisa rusaruro rwomunguva yemberi.

Kupa Pomero Nebasa Rinoitirwa Vashandi Vakaenzana (EEOC)

Usati wagona kuisa dare redare reADEA mudare rehurumende, iwe unofanira kuisa faira yokutanga pomero yorusaruro neEEOC. Iyi idikanwo yokudzora yapamutemo. EEOC isangano rehurumende rine mutoro wokusimbisa ADEA nemimwe mitemo yerovha. Muitiro unovamba kupfurikidza nokupa fomu rakasainwa, paIndaneti, zvimwe netsamba, kana kuti munhu pahofisi yeEOC. EEOC ipapo EEC ichazivisa mushandirwi wako ndokutanga kunzvera.

Nguva inodenha. Une [[FLT: 0] mazuva 180 ekarenda kuvambira pamusi wechiito chinofungidzirwa choudhimoni kunyora pomero neEOC. Zvisinei, mumashoko ane mutemo wazvo umene unorwisana ne(profig) uye sangano rehurumende (inonzi “denderral" state), nhambo inotambanurwa mazuva 300 [. Zviitondero zvemareverturel zvinobatanidza California, New York, Florida, Texas, uye Illinone. Kana ukakundikana iyi ganhuriro, ungarasikirwa nekodzero yako yokutaura kuti woga.

Mukati menzvero yeEEOC, mativi ose ari maviri angakumbirwa kugovera ufakazi, magwaro, uye chipupuriro. EEOC angaedzawo kupfavisa kugamuchidza kupfurikidza nenhau. Kana EEOC akawana chikonzero chine mufungo chokudavira chaitika, kuchaedza kuwirirana nomushandirwi kuti asvike chisarudzo chokuzvidira. Kana kubvumirana kukundikana, EOC kungaisa mhaka pauri. Zvinowanzova, EEOC ichapa mhaka [[FL: 0]“ Kururama kwaSueae , [[FLT:], uko kunopa mvumo kutendero kurusarudzo mudare romubatanidzwa. Unofanira kuisa mhaka yako mukati [FF:]

Kuita Chiito Chapamutemo Mudare

Kana ukagamuchira kodzero yokuenda kuSue kutsamba yeEEOC, kana kuti kana mazuva 180 apfuura chifo chawakaita pomero yako uye EEOC haina kupedza kunzvera kwayo (kwose kwapamberi pezvi), unogona kupfuurira kudare rehurumende.Mitemo pasi peADEA inotongwa pamberi pedare rinobetsera vatongi, uko kunogona kuva kune betsero nokuda kwavatongi nemhaka yokuti majangari angava anonzwira tsitsi tsvetesaro yezera.

Kunyunyuta kwako kunofanira kudonongodza zviito zvokusasarura, kuti vakaputsa ADEA sei, uye kuvadziko yawakatambura. Mushandirwi achava nebanza rokupindura uye angaparira chiito chokudzinga kana kuti chokutonga kwokupfupikisa. Kuwana kunotevera, apo mativi ose ari maviri anotsinhana ufakazi uye anotora zvibvumirano. Kana mhaka yacho isingagadziriswi, inoguma nokutongwa.

Mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu, ungakwanisawo kuunza chiito chekirasi mudare muADEA. Zvisinei, kusafanana namamwe marudzi mazhinji orusaruro, mabasa ekirasi anoda kuti kirasi imwe neimwe ive “mu” kupfurikidza nokunyora chibvumikiso chakanyorwa chokubatanidzwa mudare. Ikoku kwakasiana nezviito zveboka rechi23 apo vapurisa vanofanira kusarudza. Kana uri kurangarira chiito chekirasi, kunokosha zvikuru kushanda negweta rebasa rine ruzivo rwokuzviwanira.

Kutsvaka Kuwana Nekuvadziko

Kana ukakunda kutaura kwezera rako kwokusarura, dare rinogona kupa mhatsa yemishonga:

  • [[FT.:0] Mubhadharo: Uyu mubhadharo, mubhadharo, uye betsero zvawaizowana kubva pamusi wechiito chokupa mhosva kutozosvikira musi worutongeso, shomanene zvikuru. Mubhadharo wokudzosa unobatanidza mabhonasi akarasika, zvibvumirano, kusimudza, uye mimwe mibayiro yokupedzisira. Mushandirwi angadikanwawo kuripira mubhadharo wemari.
  • Muripo: Muzvinoitika apo kudzorerwa kusingabviri (somuenzaniso, kana nzvimbo yebasa yava ine hasha zvikuru kana kuti mushandirwi asingagoni zvake kuvimbwa kuti akubate nenzira yakarurama), dare ringapa mari pamberi (nenhau huru) nguva yako yemberi yakarasika inotambira mari kwenguva ine mufungo kutozosvikira wawana basa rakaenzana. Mubhadharo wenzvimbo inotsamira pamari inokarirwa, inoderedzwa nemari ipi neipi yaunowana pabasa idzva.
  • Chisarudzo:[[FLT: 1] Dare rinogona kuraira mushandirwi kukupa basa rako rekare kana kuti kukuisa munzvimbo yakafanana. Kurondedzera imhinduro inodikanwa asi haisi inoshanda nguva dzose. Kwakakurumbira zvikuru muzvinoitika zvokubvisa zvisina kururama apo ukama hwebasa husati hwakuvadzwa nenzira isina kugadziriswa.
  • Kukuvadza kwakakomba: MuADEA, kana kupunza kwomushandirwi kwakanga kuri [ musengwa [] kureva kuti yaiziva kuti mufambiro wayo wakanga usiri wapamutemo kana kuti yakaratidza kusaremekedza mutemo nokusangwarira, dare rinogona kukuvadza zvakafanana nemubhadharo wako wemusana. Ikoku nenzira inobudirira kunopeta kugadziriswa kwako kwemari.
  • Kuparadzanya nokuda kwenhamo yemirangariro: Kusafanana nezvinotaurwa pasi peTitle VII (raka, vatano, rudzidziso), ADEA inoita [ kwete inobvumira kuvadziko nokuda kwenhamo yendangariro, marwadzo nokutambura, kana kuti vhiringidziko. Uku kuganhurirwa kukuru. Zvisinei, kana chiitiko chako chikaiswa pasi pomutemo wehurumende unobvumidza kukuvadzwa kwakadaro, ungakwanisa kuzvinayamura nenzira yakafanana.
  • Attorney’s Fees nendyiko: Kana ukawina, dare richaraira mushandirwi sezvingabvira kuripira mari yegweta rako rine mufungo nendyiko. Ikoku kunokosha nemhaka yokuti kumhanya nebasa kunogona kuva kunodhura, uye iyi gadziriro inobetsera kuenzanisa nzvimbo yokutamba.
  • Rusununguko Rwokusatapurwa: Dare rinogona kuraira mushandirwi kumisa miitiro yokupa mhaka, kushandisa miitiro mitsva, kugovera rovedzo, kana kuti zviziviso zvepashure pamusoro pekodzero dzevashandi.

Nemhaka yokuti ADEA haigoveri chirango kana kuti chirango, vanyajambwa vanowanzowana kuti kunaya kwavo kwakaganhurirwa kutoti vagonawo kubvumikisa mutemo wehurumende ikoko. Somuenzaniso, mumashoko akafanana neCalifornia, Fair Workers and Hosle Act inobvumira kuvadziko isina kuganhurirwa nokuda kwenhamo yendangariro nerakataro mumhaka dzedzvinyiriro, utsotsi, kana kuti utsinye. Ichi chikonzero chine simba kubatanidza kutaura kwehurumende panguva ipi neipi yaibvira.

Dzimwe Dziviriro Nekurangarira

Hurumende Nemitemo Yomunzvimbomo

Sezvataurwa, mitemo yehurumende inogona kuzadza misiyano yasiyiwa neADEA. Mitemo yakawanda ine mitemo inotevedzera ADEA asi inoshanda kuvashandirwi vane vashandi vasingasviki 20, inodzivirira vashandi vari pasi pemakore 40, kana kuti inobvumira kukuvadzwa kwakawanda. Dzimwe nzvimbo, dzakadai seNew York City, dzine mitemo yadzo yekodzero dzevanhu iyo inotova shamwari huru. Somuenzaniso, New York City Human Rights Law inorambidza kusarura munhu upi noupi ane makore 18 kana kuti akura, uye inobvumira kukuvadza nokuranga pamwe chete nokuranga kwevagari vemo. Pakuvaka mhaka yako, nguva dzose funga nezvekodzero dzakanakisisa.

Vatambi Vemasangano Nevagamuchiri VeFederal Fund

Vashandi vanobvumirana nehurumende kana kuti kugamuchira betsero yemari yehurumende vanodzorwa nezvinodikanwa zvakawedzerwa. Mumutezo weHumbiso 11246, vagandi vehurumende vane vashandi 50 kana kuti kupfuura $50 000 havafaniri kusarura pazera uye vanofanira kuita chiito chokubvuma kuti vashandise uye vapfumi vakakwaniriswa. Hofisi yeFederal Contract Compliance Programs (OFCCP) inogona kuita kuti izvi zviitwe. Vanyajambwa vanogona kuisa kunyunyuta neOFCCCP, uko kungaitisa zvibvumikiso nokuisa zvibvumikiso, kubatanidza zvibvumirano zvenguva yemberi.

Kufunga Kwamarudzi Ose uye Kwamarudzi Akawanda

Kana uchishanda pakambani ine vanhu vanobva mumarudzi akawanda kana kuti uri mugari wemuUnited States anoshanda kune imwe nyika, ADEA anogona kuva akaoma.ADEA anowanzoshanda kuvagari vemo vokuUnited States vanoshanda nevashandirwi vehurumende dzokuAmerica munyika dzokumwe, kutoti kubvumirana kwaizoputsa mutemo wenyika yaunogara.

Nzira Yokusimbisa Nayo Rusaruro Rwezera Rako

Kutanga kuremekedzerwa kuti uone kuti wakura sei ndiko kwaiita kuti mushandirwi anyatsosarudza kuti aende zera rake.

  • Chinyorwa Chiri chose: Chengeta maemail, kuhwirudzura, mabasa, uye kurukurirano ipi neipi yakanyorwa inoratidza tsinhiro dzezera dzine chokuita netsinhiro kana kuti kubatwa kwakasiana. Chengeta chinyorwa chine udzame hwezvinoitika, kubatanidza misi, nguva, zvapupu, uye tsinhiro dzakajeka. Kana ukaiswa pasi pemajee ezera kana kuti matuka, icherekedze nokukurumidza.
  • [[FLT: 0] Kuwana vashandi biyako vaduku asi vari muchimiro chimwe chetecho (nzvimbo imwe cheteyo, mwero wokuita mumwe cheteyo, mutariri mumwe cheteyo) uye vakabatwa zvakanaka zvikuru. Somuenzaniso, kana wakabviswa apo mushandi muduku ane ruzivo rwokuzviwanira rushoma akachengetwa, ikoko ufakazi hwakasimba hwe rusaruro.
  • Holy Services:[ Kana mushandirwi wako akavamba kamwe kamwe kutsoropodza basa rako pamberi chaipo pokupera, iko kungava chikonzero chokusarura. Chengeta makopi erangariro dzakasimba, mabhadharo, uye rumbidzo.
  • [[FLT: 0] Kuzivisa Zvapupu: Vashandi vakanzwa kutaura kwokusasarura kana kuti vakawana kubatwa kwakafanana vanogona kuva zvapupu zvakakomba. Ziva kuti vamwe vangazengurira kubuda mberi nokuda kwokutya kutsiva, asi chipupuriro chavo chinogona kugombedzerwa kupfurikidza nokunzvera mhaka kana kuti EEOC.
  • Usaidza Chinhu Chipi nechipi Pasina Mazano Apamutemo: Kana mushandirwi wako akapa chibvumirano chenguva kana kuti kukumbira kusaina kubudiswa kwezvirevo, usasaina pasina gweta. OWBPA inoda kuziviswa zvakananga uye nguva dzokumirira vatsigiri vapamutemo. Kuisa zita rakashata rechitsotsi kunogona kurasikirwa nekodzero dzako.
  • [[FT:0] Nheyo dzinokurumidza: Miganhu yemisi yokuisa paEEOC inodzorwa. Usamirira. Kunyange usingazivi kana une mhaka, nyora pepa rokuchengeta kodzero dzako. Unogona kuibvisa nguva dzose kana mamiriro ezvinhu asarudza.

Kuwana Nokushanda Nenyanzvi Yemitemo Yebasa

Nyaya dzezera rinosarurana dzakaoma. Gweta rebasa rine ruzivo rinogona kukubatsira kuyera simba rezvaunotaura, kuongorora EEOC, uye kutanga nzira yokuita nayo. Magweta mazhinji ebasa anopa kubvunza kwokutanga kwapachena uye kushanda pahwaro hwechibhadharo (kureva kuti vanobhadharwa bedzi kana ukahwina). Kuwana gweta rakakwaniriswa, unogona kushandisa pfuma yakadai se Nationalal Alocyers Association (NATA) kana kuti sangano regweta renyika yako rinonongedzera kubasa renyika.

Paunosangana negweta, uya negwaro rako rose uye iva akagadzirira kukurukura nguva yezviitiko, mazita evanhu vakakodzera, uye uchapupu hupi nohupi hwawaunganidza.Bvunza pamusoro peruzivo rwegweta racho nenhau dzezera rinosarura, mashandiro aro, uye kuongorora kwaro mhaka yako.

mhedziso

Kusarura kwezera hakuna kungoipa chete, asi hakubvumirwi nemutemo. Vanyajambwa vakawana mishonga yepamutemo yakakwana mumitemo yeADEA nehurumende, kubvira pamubhadharo womusana nokudzorerwa kukuvadziko yakaparadzwa neyamuro yesimba. Muitiro wacho unogona kuva unotyisa, zvikurukuru apo unenge uchitobata nedzvinyiriro yemirangariro nedzemari yorusaruraganda, asi haufaniri kutarisana nayo uri woga. Nokunzwisisa kodzero dzako, kuunganidza ufakazi, kusvitsa nguva, uye kutsvaka zano repamutemo, unogona kuita kuti waunoshandira azvida uye asvike ruramisiro yaunokodzera. Kana ukadavira kuti wave uchisarurwa nemhaka yezera rako, ita chiito nhasi. Taura basa kana kuti upiwe mutongi kana kuti upomedzerwa nechipo. Kodzero chako chako chako chako chako chakakodzera nokuda kwezvo.