Kutanga: Nei Mitero Ichikosha Kuvagari Vose

Mitero haisi musengwawo zvawo wemari inoiswa nehurumende; ndiyo inoita kuti nzanga ishande. Nzira iri yose, chikoro, chipatara, uye basa rekotsekano rinotsamira pamipiro yakabatana yavagari vemo namabhizimisi. Kunzwisisa ukoshi hwokutera mitero kunobetsera vanhu kuona kupfuura mutoro wapakarepo ndokuziva basa guru ravanoita mukutsigira nzanga zvakanaka, chengeteko yemari, uye fambiro mberi yenyika. Iyi nhungamiro inonzvera rudzi rwemitero, mabasa avo echigaro, uye nhano dzinoshanda nokuda kwemitoro yemugarire wevagari vemo vane mutoro.

Mitero Chii?

Mitero misha inosungirwa kubhadharwa nehurumende pavanhu vamwe navamwe, masangano, uye mamwe masangano. Iyo ndiyo nzira huru iyo hurumende dzinosimudzira nayo mari kuti itsigire mari inobhadharwa yavose. Mitero inogona kurongwa mumapoka maviri akafara: mitero yakananga (yakadai somutero wemari inotambirwa uye mari) uye mitero isina kunanga (yakadai somutero unobhadharwa nomutero wemari yasara). Rudzi rumwe norumwe runoita chinangwa chemari inobhadharwa kuti ruderedze kusaenzana kwemitero, nemari inobhadharo, neyamuhoshonga.

Basa Remitero Munzanga

Hurumende hadzigoni kupa vagari vemo mitero zuva nezuva kana pasina mari yemitero.Pazasi pane nzvimbo huru dzinotsigirwa nemitero, uye mashoko akadzama pamusoro pokuti imwe neimwe inoita sei kuti pave negarikano yakanaka.

Dzidzo

Dzidzo yavose kubva kukireshi kupfurikidza neyunivhesiti inotsamira zvikuru pamadhora emitero. Mitero yemitero yemari yemari yevadzidzisi, zvirongwa zvezvikoro, zvokushandisa zvokurairidza, uye mapurogiramu okuyamura vadzidzi. Somuenzaniso, hurumende yeUnited States inopa mabhiriyoni gore negore kunzi Titting Ini inopa zvikoro zvemari yakaderera uye Pell Grants nokuda kwedzidzo yakakwirira. Mitero yemari yemo inowanzowedzera kutsigira mari yehurumende, kuparira kusabatana pakati pemaruwa akapfuma nearombo (jere)

Kurapwa

Mitero inobhadharwa nokuda kwemitero yezvoutano hwavanhu vose, kubatanidza Medicare, Medicaid, Children’s Health Inshuwarence Program (CHIP), uye Veterans Health Administration. Munyika dzakawanda, kutarisirwa kwoutano hwepasi pose kunobhadharwa chose chose kupfurikidza nemitero. Kunyange mumitero yapachivande, mitero inobetsera vanhu kubhadharwa. Nhimbe dzoutano dzehurumende dzinoita semushonga, kuongorora hosha, uye kugadzirira kwekurumidziro.

Dzidzo

Migwagwa, mabhiriji, nhandare dzendege, zviteshi zvemvura, uye mibatanidzwa yezvokufambisa inovakwa nokuchengetwa nemitero. Somuenzaniso, Stockhoogray Trust Fund yeUnited States inotsigirwa nemitero yepeturu nemimwe mibhadharo. Zvinhu zvakakwana zvinotsigira kutengeserana, zvinoderedza nguva yokufamba, uye zvinovandudza kunaka kwoupenyu. Kana mari yemitero ichiderera, mitero inoderera, mitengo inova nemitengo, inotungamirira kukudhura kwemitengo yakareba.

Kuchengeteka Kworuzhinji Nomutemo

Madhipatimendi emapurisa, mamiriro emoto, kurapwa kwekurumidziro, uye gadziriro yokutonga zvinotsamira pakushandisa mari yemitero.

Kubatsira Vanhu uye Kubudirira

Kuchengeteka kwenzanga, kubatsira kushaya mabasa, kuremadzwa, zviteshi zvezvokudya (SNAP), mapepa okuchengetedza dzimba, uye mamwe mapurogiramu okudzivirira njodzi anobhadharwa nemitero.

Kudzivirira Kwenyika Dzose Nokuuraya

Kudzivirira uchangamire hwenyika yose uye kugadzikana, nepo rubatsiro rwokune dzimwe nyika uye mabasa evamiririri vehurumende achifambisira mberi zvinhu munyika yose.

Nei Kubhadhara Mitero Kuchikosha

Kunze kwokubvuma kwapamutemo, kubhadhara mitero kunozadzika basa rehurumende rinosimbisa hurumende inosarudzwa navanhu nesonganiro yenzanga.Hezvi zvikonzero zvikuru nei kubhadhara mitero kwakakodzera nguva uye kwakarurama.

Kusimudzira Kuenzana uye Kuderedza Kusaenzana

Mitero inotevedzana inobhadharwa nokuunganidza mari yakawanda kubva kune vaya vanogona kutenga zvakawanda. Mari yacho inozoshandiswa kupa zvinhu zvinobatsira vanhu vose, kunyanya vagari vemo vasina dziviriro. Izvi zvinoderedza musiyano pakati pevapfumi nevarombo uye zvinoita kuti pave nenzanga inoruramisira. Pasina kubhadhara mitero inobudirira, kusaenzana kunowedzera, zvichiita kuti pave nenyongano uye kusabudirira mune zvoupfumi.

Kunotsigira Kukura Kwemari Nokugadzikana

Mitengo yemari yemari yemari inonyandura upfumi: zvirongwa zvebasa zvinoumba mabasa, dzidzo inovaka vashandi vane unyanzvi, uye kunzvera kunopa mavambo matsva. Uyezve, vatsigiri vanogadzira zvinhu zvavo zvavo kufanana neinishuwarenzi yezvemagariro avanhu, vanotsigirwa nemitero, vanobetsera kuderedza kuderera kwemari. International Monetary Fund (IMF) ne Kuwedzera nokuda kweEconomic Copersonation and Development (ECD)[FLD] inosimbisa kuti miitiro yemitero inosanosimudzirwa inosimudzira kukura kunowirirana.

Ane chokwadi Chokuti Hurumende Ichazvidavirira

Apo vagari vemo vanobhadhara mitero, vane ganhuriro yakananga mumashandisirwe emari yavo.Iyi inoparira dzvinyiriro pahurumende kuva dzinooneka, dzinoshanda, uye dzinogamuchira. Kuzvidavirira kwemari, kuongorora, uye kunzwa kwapachena inzira dzinobuda muukama ihwohwu.

Kufambira Mberi Kwenzanga Yavapfumi

Zvirongwa zvemari yemitero zvomunharaunda 9399 mene: mapaka, maraibhurari, kugadziridza migwagwa, mapurogiramu epwere, uye zviitiko zvetsika. Izvi zvinhu zvinovandudza upenyu uye kuvaka dzimbahwe renzanga. Vagari vanoona betsero dzemadhora avo omutero sezvingabvira zvikuru vachatsigira zvirongwa zvenguva yemberi uye kutora rutivi muupenyu hwehurumende.

Kugadzirira Nokuda Kwemamiriro Ezvinhu Nenjodzi

Mitero inobvumira hurumende kuvaka nzvimbo dzinochengeterwa mitero uye kuita chimwe chinhu nokukurumidza kunjodzi dzinongoitika dzoga, zvirwere, kana kuti njodzi dzemari. Somuenzaniso, hurumende yeUnited States yakakwanisa kuendesa mamiriyoni emabhiriyoni muyamuro mukati medenda reCOVID 9319 nemhaka yesimba remitero riripo. Pasina kuunganidzwa kwemitero kwakasimba, kuita kwokukurumidzira kunononotswa uye kunoshanda zvishoma.

Migumisiro Yokusabhadhara Mitero

Kukundikana kuita mitero — kunyange kupfurikidza nechikanganiso chapabonde, kudzivisa, kana kuti kunzvenga chose chose — kune miuyo yakakomba nokuda kwavanhu vamwe navamwe uye nzanga yose zvayo.

Kupiwa Mutongo Wepamutemo Wevanhu

Kunzvenga mutero imhosva. Kudzorwa kunogona kubatanidza faindi, mubereko nezvitsama zvisingabhadharwi, kupamba zvinhu, uye kuiswa mutorongo. MuUnited States, Internal Revenue Service (IRS) inogona kuisa zvirango zvokubiridzira zvavagari vemo zve75% zvokubhadharwa, uye utsotsi hungatungamirira kumakore mashanu mutorongo rehurumende. Hurumende dzakafanana dziripo munyika zhinjisa. Kunyange kunonoka kana kuti kubhadhara pasina vavariro yokudzivisa zvirango zvinokosha.

Kurasikirwa Nemabasa Anoitirwa Vanhu Vose uye Kuparara Kunodzidziswa

Apo vanhu vazhinji zvikuru kana kuti mabhizimisi vanonzvenga mitero, mari yehurumende inoperevedza. Mikaha yemari inovapo inoderedza dzidzo, tarisiro youtano, migwagwa, uye chengeteko. Munhu ari wose anotambura (zvikurukuru avo vanovimba zvikurusa namabasa avose. 2021 vanodzidza ne U.S. Dhipatimendi reTreasurement yakafungidzira kuti mukaha wemutero (musiyano pakati pemitero yakafanirwa nokubhadharwa) unodyira hurumende yehurumende yehurumende inopfuura mabhiriyoni 600 emadhori pagore, mari yaigona kuisa mari yaigona kubhadhara zvirongwa zvinotsoropodza.

Kusagadzikana Kwemari Nemari Inochengetwa

Kurega kubhadhara mitero kwakapararira kunokanganisa misika uye kunokanganisa kukwanisa kwehurumende kutarisira upfumi.

Mutoro Wakawedzerwa Pavabhadhari Vemitero

Kutsiva mari yakarasika, hurumende dzingakwidziridza mitero pane avo vanobhadhara (kana kuti vanoderedza ndyiko). Ikoku kunoparira nhambo yakaipa: mwero yakakwirira inokurudzira kunzvenga kwakawanda, kupfuurira kuremedza kuzviisa pasi. Pakupedzisira, vagari vemo vakatendeseka vanotakura ndyiko yokusatendeseka kwavamwe.

Kukuvara Kwokuvimbwa Kwavanhu uye Kubatana Munzanga

Vanhu pavanoona kuti vamwe havasi kubhadhara mugove wavo wakanaka, havazodi kuzviisa pasi. Izvi zvinogona kuita kuti vasanyanya kuwirirana, zvoita kuti mitero yose uye zvisave nyore kubhadhara zvibvumirano zvenzanga.

Kudzivisa Mutero Nokusaenda Mutero

Kunokosha kusiyanisa pakati pokudzivisa mutero wapamutemo (kushandisa mitoo yapamutemo kuderedza mitero) nokusashandisa mitero kusiri kwapamutemo (kubhadharira mari inobhadharwa kana kuti kuderedza). Nepo kudzivisa kuchibvumirwa, zvirongwa zvokudzivisa zvamasimba masimba kazhinji kazhinji zvinoganhura pakunzvenga ndokukwezva nzvero yezvemitemo. OECD’s Baserosion and Information Shifting (BEPS) chirongwa chokudzivisa nzira dzinodzivisa mutero dzamarudzi akawanda. Vagari vashanyi vanofanira kutsvaka zano reunyanzvi rokugara mukati pamutemo.

Kushandiswa Kunoitwa Mitero: Kunyatsotarisisa

Mari yemitero inopiwa mumitengo yakasiana - siana yehurumende($federal, hurumende, uye nzvimbo yacho) imwe neimwe ine mitoro yakasiyana. Kunzwisisa uku kunobetsera vagari vemo kuona uko mari yavo inoendeswa ndokusimudzira gakava rezivo pamusoro pezvinhu zvinokosha.

  • Mari Inoshandiswa: MuU.S., ndyiko hurusa dzehurumende iSocial Security, Medicare/Medicaid, dziviriro yenyika, uye fariro pachikwereti chenyika. Kushandisa mari yeuchenjeri kunofukidza dzidzo, zvokufambisa, sayenzi, uye yamuro dzokumwe.
  • Chiteshi chemari inobhadharwa: yeStates inotsigira dzidzo (K7612 namayunivhesiti avose), kutarisirwa kwoutano (Medicaid), zvokufambisa (kunze nokufamba), kururamisa, uye mapurogiramu eyamuro. Mitero nemitero yemari inotambirwa ndiwo manyuko makuru emari.
  • [ Mari inoshandiswa munzvimbo iri pedyo: Hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzinotsamira zvikuru pamitero yenzvimbo nemitero yokutengesa kuti dziwanire mari zvikoro, mapurisa namadhipatimendi okudzima moto, mapaki, maraibhurari, uye kugadzirirwa kwemanyuko.

Kunzwisisa Mitero Yakasiyana - siyana

Pano pane kuongorora kuwanda kunoitwa mitero yakasiyana - siyana muupenyu hwezuva nezuva, kusanganisira kuti inoverengwa sei uye nei ichikosha.

Mutero Wemari

Mutero unobhadharwa unobhadharwa pamutero, mitero, mhindu, mhindu, uye mamwe marudzi emari inotambirwa. Mitengo mizhinjisa inofambira mberi, nemimwe mitsara inokwira sezvo mari inokwira. MuU.S., mutero wemari yehurumende une mabhuroko manomwe (3% kusvikira ku 37% muna 2025). Mitero yemari yehurumende inosiana (mimwe ine mwero inofambira mberi, mimwe yakafara, uye nyika shomanene hadzipi mari inobhadhara mutero yose. Kubhadharwa mitero (Kuchengeteka nokuchengetedzwa kwemitero) kwapamutemo kwakaparadzana asi kazhinji kacho inoiswa pamwe nemitero yemari inotambirwa.

Kutenga Mutero

Mitero inotengeswa inoshandiswa pakutengesa zvinhu uye mabasa. MuUnited States, mwero inovambira pa0% (dzimwe nyika) kusvikira kuinopfuura 10% mumaguta akati. Mitero inowanzodzokororwa nemhaka yokuti mhuri dzinowana mari shoma dzinopedza chikamu chikuru chemari yadzo pamitero.

Mutero Wezvinhu

Mitero yepfuma inobhadharwa panzvimbo yezvivako zvichienderana neukoshi hwayo. Iko kunonyanya kuwanikwa nehurumende dzemo nenzendo dzezvikoro. Mwero yemitero yezvinhu inosiyana zvikuru uye inoiswa nezviremera zvomunharaunda.

Mutero Wemaune

Mutero wemari inotambirwa unoiswa pamhindu dzamakambani. MuU.S., mwero wemitero yesangano rehurumende mubatanidzwa musingabhadhari 21% (pashure poMutero weChiteshi neMutengo weMabasa wa2017). Mitengo yebhizimisi ingawedzera mitero yayo imene. Mitero yemari yemari yemari yemari yemari yemari yehurumende, asi kuitika kwemitero inokakavanwa kurukurirano inosimudzirwa pakupedzisira navashandi navatengi kupfurikidza nemiripo yakaderera nemitengo.

Guta Rinowana Mutero

Mutero wemari unobatira kumibereko yemari inotengeswa, yakadai semasheya, majoni, uye nzvimbo. Kuwana mari kweLonǵters (seshiviro dzinochengetwa rinopfuura gore rimwe) kunobhadharwa pamwero yakaisvonaka (0%, 15%, kana kuti 20%) muU.S. uku kubatwa kunokurudzira bhizimisi asi nenzira isingaenzaniswi kunobetserawo mhuri dzakapfuma.

Kupa Mitero Nemitero Inodzorwa Nehurumende

Mitero yakakomba inoshandiswa kuzvinhu zvakati zvakadai sepetroli, doro, fodya, uye pfuti. Inowanzoitirwa kuodza mwoyo kushandiswa kwemari (mitero yechivi) kana kuti kutsigira mapurogiramu ane chokuita negadziriro (sezvinei, mari yokuchengetesa mari yomumugwagwa). Mapepa ezvikwereti mitero pazvinhu zvinotengwa, zvinoshandiswa kudzivirira maindasitiri omumba kana kuti kubudisa mari.

Nzira Yokuva Netsiyereso: Nhano Dzinoshanda Nokuda Kwavagari Vapasi

Kana vanhu vakatevedzera mitemo yemitero uye vakashandisa zvinhu zvavainazvo, vanogona kuita zvavanofanira kuita nechivimbo.

Ramba Uchiziva Nezvechinjo Dzomutemo Wemutero

Mitemo yemitero inochinja kazhinji kazhinji nemhaka yemitemo, gadziridzo dzemitengo, uye zvisarudzo zvedare. Zvinyorere kuvandudza kubva kuIRS kana kuti kuchiremera chemitero yenyika yako. Somuenzaniso, IRS inobudisa Murayiridzo weTS for Small Business uye nguva dzose inozivisa pamusoro pechinjo. Kuchinja kukuru kwomutero kwakadai se 2017 Cents Cuts neJobs Act /wwwww.

Ramba Uine Mashoko Akarurama Uye Akarongwa

Chengeta marisiti, mapepa, mapepa ebhangi, uye magwaro kwaanenge makore matatu (kana kuti marefu nokuda kwezvimwe zvinhu). Maturusi eredhiyo akadai sesoftware yemaakaundi, purofiti, kana kuti apps (sezvikuru, Quick Books, Magate) akapfava kutevedza. Kana iwe pachako uchishanda basa kana kuti uine mari yokurenda, kuchengetedza zvinyorwa kwakakomba kunokosha kutsigira purofiti.

Fairaira Panguva uye Ripa Nhamba Kana Iri Namadiro

Faira udzoke kupfurikidza nenguva yaunotambira (sezvifananidzo April 15 muU.S.) kunyange kana usingagoni kuripa zvakazara. Kumhanya nokuda kwewedzero kunokupa mimwe mwedzi mitanhatu yokunyora mufashoni, asi kwete kubhadhara. Kana uchikarira kuva nechikwereti chinopfuura $6, ita mari inofungidzirwa kuva zvirango zvapamutsirwo. IRS inogovera Form 104076ES nokuda kweichi chinangwa.

Tsvaka Rubatsiro Rwenyanzvi Padzinenge Dzichidiwa

Vanamazvikokota vemitero (CP, vanyoresi vemitero, kana kuti magweta emitero) vanogona kubatsira pamamiriro ezvinhu akaoma: mari inowanwa munyika dzakawanda, kuva nebhizimisi, kuwana mari, nhaka, uye kuongorora. IRS inochengeta mabhii enyanzvi dzemitero. Vakawanda vanobhadharwa mari shoma vanokodzera kubatsirwa pachena nepurogiramu yePurgate Inhome Taxis (VITA).

Shandisa Hurumende Nezviwanikwa ZvepaIndaneti

IROS[ inopa zvimiro zvemitero zvapachena, mirayiridzo, zvinyorwa, uye maturusi okunyorera akadai se “Kupi Kunondifadza?” Madhipatimendi akawanda emari yemari yehurumende ane zviteshi zvakafanana. mapeji emutero we anogovera mashoko nenhungamiro zvemarudzi ose zvekuenzanisa navateresi vemarudzi akawanda.

Shandisa Ruzivo Rwokugadzira Zvinhu Kukubetsera

Purogiramu yokugadzira mutero (sezvinei, TurboTax, H&R Block, Taxislayer) inotungamirira kuzviitiko zvakarovedzeka uye kuongorora zvikanganiso. IRS Free File purogiramu inopa rusando rwapachena rwehurumende nokuda kwavanhu vane mari iri pasi pechikumbaridzo chakati. Irectronic ideredza zvikanganiso uye inomhanya-kurumisa tsvina.

Mugumo: Mubatanidzwa Wemutero

Kubhadhara mitero kunopfuura zvikuru chinodikanwa chapamutemo, (101) iratidzirwo huru yomutoro weboka. Dora rimwe nerimwe remitero rinobetsera kudzidzo, utano, chengeteko, uye gadziriro zvinoita kuti shambidziko yazvino uno ibvire. Apo vagari vemo vanonzwisisa kuti basa remitero rinoshandiswa sei, kuti rinoshandiswa sei, uye miuyo yokusawirirana, sezvingabvira zvikuru vacharangarira mutero semubatanidzwa panzvimbo pomutoro. Kupfurikidza nokugara vakaziviswa, kuchengeta marekodhi akarurama, uye misengwa yekuita panguva, mumwe nomumwe wedu anobetsera kutsigira zvakanaka uye kuchengetedza chivimbo icho chinochengeta nzanga pamwe chete.