Table of Contents

Hurumende yeUnited States inoshanda panheyo inokosha yakaumba hurumende yenyika yeAmerica kwamazana maviri amakore: gadziriro yokunzvera nedzikamo. Pamwoyo wetsika ino pane ukama pakati peCongress nebazi guru, umo mutumbi wemitemo unoshandisa masimba anokosha okutarisira kuti uve nechokwadi chokuti chiremera chapurezidhendi chinoramba chine mutoro kuvanhu. Kunzwisisa kuti Kokorodzano inonzvera sei bazu rehurumende inokosha nokuda kwomunhu upi noupi anotsvaka kunzwisisa kushanda kwakaoma kwehurumende yeAmerica nedziviriro dzinodzivirira nheyo dzedemocracy.

Vagadziri veBumbiro reMitemo vakaronga noune hurumende umo simba raizoparadzirwa pakati pamapazu matatu akaenzana, rimwe nerimwe rina mano okuganhurira mamwe. Iyi yakanga isiri tsaona kana kuti yapashure(icho chakanga chiri mhinduro yakarongwa nokungwarira kungozi dzechiremera chakanangidzirwa. Bumbiro remitemo haritauri chinhu pamusoro penzvero netarisiro, asi chiremera chokuita nzvero sezvo Congress ine "masimba ose emitemo". Kupfurikidza nemiitiro yakasiana- siyana inovambira pakudzorwa kwemari kusvikira kukudzorwa, Congress inoshanda sechinhu chinokosha chinopesana nesimba rechiremera, ichivimbisa kuti hakuna purezidhendi anogona kudzora pasina kuzvidavirira.

Chirongwa Chomutemo Chokutarisira Dare

Nepo Bumbiro reMitemo risingapi Congress simba rokutarisira bazu rinotungamirira, iri chiremera chakazivikanwa seragara riri mumuzvarirwo kubasa remitemo chifo chokuvamba kwenyika. Kutonga isimba rinorehwa panzvimbo pesimba rinotaurwa muMutemo weU.S.. Rumano rwemitemo rwehurumende harupi Hurumende chiremera chakananga chokuita kuti pave nebvunzo kana kuti kuongorora kwomukuru mukuru, kuva nezvishandiso zvinoiswa nomukuru mukuru wehurumende, kana kuti kupa pasi peProena nokuda kwezvinyorwa kana kuti chipupuriro chinobva kumukuru wehurumende.

Madzibaba akatanga ainzwisisa kuti kuti kuti Dare rishande zvinobudirira, raifanira kuongorora kuti mitemo yakanga ichiitwa sei uye kana masangano makuru akanga achitevera vavariro yesangano.

George Mason weVirginia akataura paFederal Convention kuti Mitezo yeCongress "haisi bedzi Vatongi asi vane masimba ebvunzurudzo. Vanofanira kusangana kazhinji kazhinji kuti vanzvere Mufambiro wehofisi dzavose. Uku kuzivikanwa kwapakuvamba kwechiremera chokuongorora kwakaisa hwaro hwetsika yakasimba iripo nhasi.

Kutanga Kwesimba Rinodzora Munhau

Kuongorora kukuru kwokutanga kwakaitwa musangano wesangano reCongress kwakaitika muna 1792, apo dare chairo reNzvimbo rakaongorora kukundwa kweuto nendudzi dzeIndia dzakabatanidzwa. Kuongorora uku kwokutanga kwakatanga kwaizoumba kutarisirwa kwemasangano kwemazana emakore aiuya.

Kuzivikanwa kwapamutemo kwamasimba anotarisira kwakashanduka kuvamba kukuru munhau yose yeAmerica. Galislative Reorgantation Act ya 1946 (P. 79-601), kwenguva yokutanga, yakadana zvakajeka nokuda kwe "utariri hwedare" mumutemo wavose. Yakatungamirira matare akamira eImba neDare "kuramba achirinda" pamusoro pemapurogiramu namasangano adzo; vashandi vanotenderwa; uye yakakudziridza masimba e Comptroller General.

Zvimwe zvinjo zvakauya neLegislative Reorganization Act ya 1970 (P. 91-510) yakabvumira dare rimwe nerimwe rakamira ku "kuyera nokufunda, pahwaro hunopfuurira, kushandiswa, kutarisirwa nokuitwa" kwemitemo pasi pehurumende yaro; kuwedzera vashandi vanodzidzira vematare; kuwedzera betsero yakapiwa neCongregational Research Service; uye yakasimbisa purogiramu mitoro yejambwa yeGO.

Utariri Hune Mutemo: Nzvero Hukuru Pasimba Rine Simba Rinodzora

Dare rinotarisira sangano reCongress rinoongorora kuti rionekwe sei uye rinowanzoshandiswa pakuongorora zviremera.

Kukura uye Kutsanangurwa Kwoutariri

CRS yakarondedzera kutarisirwa kwesangano sehwirudzuro, kutarisirwa, uye kutarisirwa kwamasangano ehurumende, mapurogiramu, mibato, uye kushandiswa kwemiitiro. Iyi rondedzero inobatanidza mhatsa huru yemibato inobvira yemitemo uye haiganhuriri basa routariri kumadonzo akati, nharidzano, kana kuti zvirongwa. Ukuru hweiyi rondedzero hunoratidzira rudzi rwakakwana rwemitoro yeDare.

Nhasi, kutarisirwa kwesangano redare kunogona kuitika munodokuva mumubato upi noupi wemitemo uye kupfurikidza nemhatsa huru yemikoto, masangano, uye zvivako. iyi mibato inovambira pakutonga kwedare kwakarongwa kusvikira kuonano yedare kana kuti yavashandi navakuru vakuru; kubva pafundo dzavashandi kusvikira kuhwirudzuro dzokutsigira; uye kubva mukushanda kwenhau dzinoitiswa namahofisi eCombo kufundo dzinogadzirirwa namasangano akadai savamiriri navaongorori vakuru vakuru.

Muitiro Wedare: Enjini Yokutarisira

Dare rinobatira semotokari huru dzinoshandiswa neDare kunzvera kwakakwana uye rinoita kuti bazu guru rizvidavirire. Zvose zviri zviviri House of Decrections neDare rakagadza matare akawanda akamira, rimwe nerimwe riine simba pamusoro penharaunda dzakati dzebasa rehurumende.

Mutoo mukuru wokuita utarisiri hweCongress igadziriro yedare, umo kumira nokusarudza matare kunoitisa nzvero nokutonga. Matare aya anopiwa chiremera chokumanikidza uchapupu nokubudiswa kwezvinyorwa kupfurikidza namapopa. Iri simba duku rinopa matare simba rinokosha apo vakuru vakuru vebazu vanozengurira kubatira pamwe nokuzvidira.

Chero nzvimbo imwe neimwe yeCongress ingapa masimba ayo kumatare anoumbwa nemitezo yayo. Kukwanisa kwedare kunzvera bazu guru kwakawanda uye kuri kudzokororwa chero bedzi nhau yacho iri musimba rayo uye kunzvera kwacho kuri "kubatanidzwa, uye kupfuurira, basa rapamutemo reCongress".

Kunzwa Nekuongorora Kwedare

Kutongwa kweCongress kunomirira rumwe rwenzira dzinooneka zvikurusa dzoutariri. Kunzwa kunowanzoitwa nokuda kwezvikonzero zvitatu: kurangarira mutemo uri kumirira; kunzvera nhau dzingada mutemo munguva yemberi; uye, kunzvera nokutarisira zvirongwa zvomubatanidzwa. Uku kuongorora kwehurumende kunobvumira mitezo yeCongress kubvunza vakuru vakuru vebazu, kuunganidza mashoko, uye kuunza nhau kungwariro yavose.

Nzvero dzeCuarsions hadzingobatsiri bedzi vaiti vemitemo kuita zvisarudzo zvemiitiro zviri nani, asi iko kunokosha kugadziriro yokunzvera nedzikamo. Kunzwa kwokunzvera kunogona kufumura kushandiswa zvisina kufanira kwapurezidhendi kwesimba noushati, zvakadai sechipokanidzo cheTeapot Dome muma 1920 kana kuti Watergate muma 1970. Kunzvera uku kwakakwirira kunoratidzira simba routariri hwedare rokufumura zvakaipa ndokuita kuti bazu rechiremera rizvidavirire.

Dzimwe dzenzvero dzisingawanzowandirwi zvikurusa kupfurikidza nokusarudza matare mumabasa makuru ebazu kana kuti mumabasa makuru ebazu dzakashaikwa. Zvisarudzo chaizvoizvo mibvunzo yechinguvana yakasarudzwa yedare kupinda: Kuwana kweChina zvombo zvenyukireya, muna 1999; Iran\Contra, muna 1987; sangano rouchenjeri rinobata zvisina kufanira, muna 1975 -1976, uye chinyadziso cheWatergate muna 1973-1974.

Michina Inomanikidza Kutarisira

Vakuru vakuru vebazi pavanoramba kushandira pamwe nokuongorora kwedare, Congress ine zvishandiso zvakawanda zvokuita kuti vanhu vatevedzere mitemo.

Dare ringatsvaka kutongerwa mumwe nomumwe mhaka yokusawirirana nedare risiri repamutemo ringatsvaka chisarudzo chedare rehurumende chinozivisa kuti munhu ari kubvunzwa wacho anosungirwa pamutemo kuwirirana nedare resangano.

Pamusana pokuti pakanga pasingawanzoshandiswi, pakanga pabvumira Congress kuvhara nokuisa mujeri kana kutozosungwa kusvikira paitwa. Criminal Consurtion of Congress inosanganisira kuendesa kuU.S. Actorney nokuda kwokuvharirwa kwemhosva nemutemo wehurumende. Kana akanzi aipomerwa, mhosva yacho ihombe inotakura zvirango zvinogona kubatanidza mari inosvika ku $100 000 uye gore rimwe chete mujeri.

Tsigira Nhungamiro Dzinowedzera Ungwaru

Congress haitarisiri yoga. Masangano akati kuti anopiwa tsigiro inokosha nokuda kwemibato yokutarisira. Kutarisira kweCongregational kunobatanidza masangano edare netsigiro yemasangano ehurumende anoverengeka, kubatanidza Council of the Inspectors General on Heigh and Ecconfizel (CIGIE), Office of Management and DBB (OMB), Pursement Accostance Office (GAO), Congregation Research Service Service (CRS), uye Congregational Intelligational Reservation Department Office (CBO).

Hurumende Inopa Accounting Office (GAO) inoshanda sechikamu chinoongorora cheCongress, ichiongorora nokuongorora nguva dzose mabasa esangano rehurumende.

Congressonal Baccultural Office (CBO) inogovera Congress kunzvera kusino rutivi kwemari nezvinoitika zvemari. Basa reCBO rinozivisa utariri kupfurikidza nokuronga tapuro dzemari dzemitemo yazvino uye chinjo dzinokarakadzwa. Masangano aya anotsigira anopa Congress unyanzvi hwezvokugadzira uye simba rokurapa zvinoda kutungamirira mabasa epabazu repamusoro akaoma kunzwisisa.

Simba Rechitengo: Kudzora Rongedzero Yebhajeti Secheki

Chimwe chezvishandiso zveCongress zvine simba zvikurusa zvokunzvera bazu guru ichiremera charo chebumbiro remitemo pakushandisa mari kwehurumende. Congress inoisa chiremera chebumbiro remitemo pakushandiswa kwemari yehurumende, ichiita kuti kuronga kuve zvishandiso zvinokosha zvokutarisira. Iri "simba rechikwama" rinopa Congress simba gurusa pamusoro pemibato yebazu rapamusoro nenzvimbo yokutanga.

Kushanda Kunoita Vane Roorano

Nokuchinja, kutendera, kana kuti kuramba mari, Congress inogona kutungamirira kana kuti kumisa chiito chokutarisira. Rongedzero dzebhajeti dzinoratidza zvinhu zvinokosha, uye kupfurikidza nesimba iri, Dare rinogona kumanikidza kubvumirana, kutanga migariro yokutarisira, uye pakupedzisira kutungamirira ndangariro yemibato yemukuru webasa. Pasinei zvapo nokuti purezidhendi angatsigira zvakasimba sei purogiramu yakati kana kuti kutanga, haigoni kupfuurira pasina kuronga.

Muitiro wokurangana unoitwa gore negore, kuchipa Congress mikana yenguva dzose yokuhwirudzura kushanda kwebazu rebazu nokugadziridza mari nenzira inowirirana. Gadziriro yokushandisa ibasa rinotungamirira iro rinoisa pamutemo reCongress "simba rechikwama". Matare anogona kuisa mari nokuda kwehwirudzuro dzakananga kana kuti kuraira mishumo ine udzame pamusoro pokushandiswa kwemari yakagoverwa. Uku kudzora kunobvumira kuti Paramende iite masangano asingapiwi mari inodzorwa uye kuranga.

Kupiwa Chitendero uye Kunyengedzwa

Miitiro yemiitiro yemari inodzorwa nemitemo yemari inodzorwa kupfurikidza nemiitiro miviri yakasiana asi yakafanana: mvumo nehevedzo. Zvikwereti zvokubvumira zvinotanga, pfuurira, kana kuti gadziridza mapurogiramu ehurumende ndokugadza ganhuriro dzemari dzinoshandiswa. Kuronga mari inodzorwa nepurogiramu idzi. Iyi nhanho mbiri inopa Congress mikana mizhinji yokuhwirudzura nokudzora mibato yebazu yakananga.

Kupfurikidza netendero, Congress inogona kutanga zvinodikanwa chaizvo zvokuti masangano anotungamirira anofanira kushanda sei, kubatanidza kushuma zvinodikanwa, mipimo yebasa, uye ganhuriro dzinoshanda. Muitiro wekushanda ipapo unosarudza kana masangano anogamuchira mari inodikanwa kuita mabasa awo akatenderwa. Kupfurikidza nokudzora zvose zviri zviviri mvumo nemiraudzo, Congress inochengeta pesvedzero inopfuurira pamusoro pemabasa ebazu anotungamirira.

Kushandisa Mari Neganhuriro

Dare rinowanzobatanidza mamiriro ezvinhu okupindira, richida kuti masangano anotungamirira asvitse zvinodiwa kana kuti ganhuriro dzakati kuti ashandise mari yaakapiwa kuti apedze mari yakarongwa.Mamiriro aya anogona kusanganisira zvinodiwa kuti ape mashoko akakwana, arambidzwe kushandisa mari nokuda kwezvimwe zvinangwa, kana kuti arambidze kuti ashandise mitemo yakananga. Mari yakadaro inopa Dare simba guru pamusoro penzira rinoita nayo bazu guru, kunyange munzvimbo umo purezidhendi ane chiremera chakasimba.

Somuenzaniso, Dare ringashandisa mari yakakodzera yepurogiramu yokuzvidzivirira asi ringarambidza kushandiswa kwemari iyoyo kusvikira Dhipatimendi Rezvokudzivirira rapa mishumo yakananga kana kuti rasangana nezvimwe zviratidzo.

Simba Rokusimbisa: Kugadza Purezidhendi

Simba reDare rokusimbisa kana kuti kuramba kugadzwa kwapurezidhendi rinomirira imwe nzvero inokosha pachiremera chikuru.Chikamu II, Chikamu 2, cheBumbiro reMitemo rinopa kuti Purezidhendi achagadza vakuru vakuru veUnited States "Nechikarakadzo uye nebvumirano yeDare". Ichi chinodikanwa chebumbiro remitemo chinovimbisa kuti purezidhendi arege kukwanisa kuzadza nzvimbo huru dzehurumende pasina kuiswa mutemo.

Kukura Kwekusimbiswa Kwedare

Kugadza kwose kwapurezidhendi kunoda kusimbiswa kweDare (PAS) kunofanira kutevera muitiro wokusimbisa kugadzwa usati watora basa. Kunyange zvazvo nhamba yenzvimbo dzePAS ichisiyana kupfurikidza nehurumende, inobatanidza chaizvoizvo vanyori vose vedhipatimendi guru, pasi pevawari, uye vaongorori vakuru. Mamwe mabasa mumasangano anozvimirira kana kuti mahofisi anodawo kusimbiswa. Vadzori vemisi ichangobva kupfuura iyi vakabatanidza zvinzvimbo zvinenge 1 200 PSS.

Kugadzwa kwemauto nokusimudzirwa kunoumba kuwanda kwezvisarudzo, inenge 45 000 pagore rimwe nerimwe, uye zvizhinjisa zvinosimbiswa nenzira yenguva dzose. Dare rimwe nerimwe, Dare rinorangarirawo zvinenge 4 000 zvavagari vomunyika, uye zvakare, zvakawanda zvazvo, zvakadai sokugadza kana kuti kusimudzirwa muBasa reMamwe Marudzi, muitiro. Kunyoresa kwavagari vemo kunorangarirwa naVanetenanisi vehurumende navakuru vakuru vakuru vanodudzwa mumasangano ehurumende, masangano azvimiriri, uye makambani ehurumende namahofisi.

Gadziriro Yokusimbisa

Muitiro unovamba apo purezidhendi anogovera kunyorwa kwoumbirino kuDare, apo rinoraviwa pauriri ndokugoverwa nhamba. Kunyorwa kworugwaro ipapo kunonongedzerwa kudare reDare rakakodzera rine chiremera panzvimbo yacho. Somuenzaniso, kurondwa kwenzvimbo dzeDhipatimendi reHurumende kunoenda kuSforeign Relations Committee, nepo Defense Depart eence eence Services Komiti yeAdmittery.

Kusimbiswa kunoitwa mudare rakakodzera reDare, rakasarudzwa rakavakirwa pahofisi umo mumiririri achabatira. Somuenzaniso, kutonga nokuda kwomunyori woMunyori weNhevedzo kuchaitwa muDare reDare reMipiona reZvombo. Mudare, vanamajeri vanobvunza vamanine mibvunzo pamusoro poruzivo rwavo, mirangariro yemiitiro uye nzira yavanoronga kuita nayo mabasa avo.

Pashure pokutongwa, dare rakafanira rinosarudza kana richifanira kurumbidza mutongi kuDare rakazara. Kana dare richitendera kunyorwa kwembiriso, rinoenda kuDare rakazara nokuda kwokurangarirwa. Kuti ribvumikiswe, mumirine anofanira kugamuchira voti zhinjisa muDare (51, kana Dare rakazara rikavhota, kana kuti 50 kana muteveri wapurezidhendi akaputsa tayi mutsigiri wechibvumirano chekusarudza). Kana mumirine ane chokwadi, vanogona kuita basa ravo idzva.

Kuchinja Kunoita Kuchinja

Zvisarudzo zvisati zvatosvika Dare, vagadziri vanobvira vanowana tsiva huru. Murongi akasarudzwa ipapo anofanira kupfuura nomunhevedzano yenzvero neFederal Bureau of Investigation, Internal Revenuve Service, Office of Government Ethics nemukuru mukuru mukuru wetsika kubva kusangano apo nzvimbo yacho inogoverwa. Muneminee anofanirawo kuzadza Public Financial Disloharence Report uye mapepa enhau ane chokuita nechekero yake.

Mukuwedzera kukunzvera kwekare nezvimiro zvekuzivisa mari, vamiriri vezvigaro zvinobvumidzwa zveDare vanofanira kupedza mibvunzo yedare. Dare rimwe nerimwe rine bvunzurudzo yaro rimene, uye ivo vanosiana munhau yavo yenhau nerefu. Mibvunzo inowanzofukidza mashoko enhau yapasi nemari, uye mamwe matare anokumbirawo vamanimani kuti vapindure kumiteo yenhau.

Kurambwa uye Kunonoka Sechenjero

Nepo Dare richisimbisa kunyoresa kwapurezidhendi kwakawanda, muitiro wokusimbisa umene unobatira secherekedzo pasimba ravakuru vakuru kunyange apo vamirine vanotenderwa pakupedzisira. Munhau, Dare rakasimbisa kuvhota kwapurezidhendi vazhinjisa, asi "muzvinoitika zvisingawanzoitiki" vhoti yokusimbisa yakundikana. Mumakore 100 apfuura, Dare rakaramba kuvhota mazita matatu.

Vatarisiri vanogona kupesvedzera muitiro kupfurikidza nomuitiro wokusimbisa, kupfurikidza nokuramba vaminene kana kuti zvimwe kupfurikidza nokutora zvipikirwa kuvamiriri vasati vabvuma.

Nguva yeavhareji inoda Dare kusimbisa mugadziri wapurezidhendi akadokupetwa kaviri pakati peReagan naObama vadzori. Zvisakiso zvokunonoka zvikurukuru ndezvezvamatongerwe enyika, sezvo Senator vanotarisana nesundo dzokushandisa muitiro wokusimbisa kuronda nharidzano dzezvamatongerwe enyika nedzemiitiro inowirirana. Somuuyo wokunonotswa kwesimbiso, nzvimbo zhinji dzinoramba dzisina kuzadzwa kana kuti dzakazadzwa navarongwi. Idzi nzvimbo dzinogona kuva nemiuyo yakashata kubatanidza kuva nomugariro wadzorwiridzo yehurumende nemitoo inoderedzwa yehurumende yehurumende.

Senatorial Courtesy and Home-State Effect

Mumakore gumi okutanga, Dare rakatanga muitiro wetsika dzakanaka dzedare, umo vamiririri vedare vaikarira kubvunzwa pavashandi vose vomuhurumende mukati mehurumende dzavo. Iyi pesvedzero pamusoro pokuzadza mabasa ehurumende akasimba akapiwa simba navatarisiri vehurumende, uye vazhinji vakava vatungamiriri vamasangano ezvamatongerwe enyika ayo akatanga pakuvamba kwezana ramakore rechi 19. Iyi gamuchidzanwa inopfuurira kupa pesvedzero huru pavatungamiriri vehurumende dzavo vanotapura nyika dzavo.

Purezidhendi angada mutoo wokusimbisa unopfavirira nokukurumidza, naizvozvo angasarudza kubvunza vaSenator pamberi pokusarudza mutezo wedare. Vasata vanowanzobvunzwa, zvikurukuru navashandi vemibatanidzwa yeGwaro reWhite House, vaSenator vanobva kuhurumende yemusha, vatungamiriri vedare rehurumende, uye vatungamiriri vebato raPurezidhendi muDare. Iyi kurukurirano inopa vasarutsi mubatanidzwa mukugadzwa kwebazu rehurumende pamberi pokusaiswa kwedare.

Chibvumirano Chokuparadzana Nezvibvumirano Zvechiremera

Simba reDare rokuita zvibvumirano zverafy rinomirira imwe cheki inokosha pachiremera chavakuru vakuru munhau dzokunze. Bumbiro reMitemo rinoda kuti zvibvumirano zvigamuchire tendero yezvikamu zviviri nezvitatu zveDare zvisati zvagona kushanda. Ichi chinodikanwa chikuru chinovimbisa kuti misengwa mikuru yamarudzi ose ine tsigiro huru uye haigoni kuiswa napurezidhendi oga.

Chibvumirano Chokuchengetedza

Apo purezidhendi anotaurirana chibvumirano nenyika yokumwe, chinofanira kuiswa kuDare nokuda kwokurangarira. Dare reDare reSangano Rokukurukurirana Kwamarudzi Akawanda rinowanzoita kuti chibvumirano chinzwiwe, richinzvera gadziriro dzacho nezvinobatanidzwa nokuda kwefariro dzeUnited States. Dare ipapo rinovhota kana richirumbidza kugadzirwa kwedare rakazara.

Kana chibvumirano chikasvika uriri hweDare, chinoda vhoti mbiri ne 3 kuti chitsaure. Ichi chikumbaridzo chakakwirira chinoreva kuti vapurezidhendi vanofanira kuvaka tsigiro yakafara yezvibvumirano zvikuru zvamarudzi ose. Dare rinogonawo kubatanidza zvibvumirano nepanikiro, nzwisiso, kana kuti zviziviso izvo zvinogadziridza kana kuti kujekesa kunyoresa kwechibvumirano kuUnited States.

Zvibvumirano Zvevakuru - vakuru uye Kutarisira Kwemasangano

Mapurezidhendi pane dzimwe nguva anoshandisa zvibvumirano zvavakuru vakuru panzvimbo pezvibvumirano kuti aite misengwa yamarudzi ose pasina kubviswa kweDare. Nepo zvibvumirano zvavakuru vakuru zviri zvishandiso zvapamutemo zvesimba rapurezidhendi, Congress yakatanga gadziriro dzokutarisira kushandiswa kwazvo.Congress inogona kupa mutemo unoraira purezidhendi kushuma zvibvumirano zvehurumende kuCongress, uye inogona kushandisa simba rayo rokuita zvibvumirano kudzivisa kuitwa kwezvibvumirano zvaichishora.

Musiyano uri pakati pezvibvumirano nezvibvumirano zvevakuru vakuru wave uri manyuko enyanduko pakati pamapazu.Congress yakatsvaka kuchengeta tarisiro yezvibvumirano zvavakuru vakuru kupfurikidza nezvinodikanwa zvokushuma uye kupfurikidza nokutaura kuti marudzi akati emisengwa yamarudzi ose anoda tendero yebvumirano, kupfurikidza nokubatanidza kana kuti kupfurikidza nokubvumira mutemo.

Kubvuma: Kuongorora Kukuru

Kuongorora kunomirira kuongorora kwakakomba kweCongress pamusoro pesimba guru. Bumbiro reMitemo rinopa Dare chiremera chokubvisa purezidhendi, mutevedzeri wapurezidhendi, uye vamwe vakuru vakuru vehurumende nokuda kwe "Kufunga, Chiokomuhomwe, kana kuti mamwe Matsotsi makuru naMakanganiso" simba iri rinovimbisa kuti kunyange vakuru vakuru vakuru vakuru vakakwirira vanoramba vachizvidavirira kumutemo uye kuvamiririri vavanhu.

Basa Reimba: Kuunza Tongero

Muitiro wokunzvera unovamba muImba yaVamiriri, iyo ine simba rimwe rokupa vakuru vakuru vehurumende. Imba yacho inowanzoitisa nzvero kupfurikidza namatare ayo, ichiunganidza ufakazi nokunzwa pamusoro pekusazvibata kunofungidzirwa. kana dare rinonzvera rikawana ufakazi hwakakwana, inonyora nyaya dzokusapa mhaka dzinodudza pomero mukurwisana navakuru vakuru.

Kana voruzhinji veImba vachivhota kuti vatendere nyaya ipi neipi yokusateerera, mukuru mukuru anorambwa. Kupiwa neImba kwakafanana nokupomerwa mhaka mumutemo wetsotsi nepomero, hakubvisi mukuru mukuru wacho pahofisi.

Basa reDare: Kutonga

Pashure peImba inoshora mukuru mukuru, nhau yacho inoenda kuDare nokuda kwokutongwa. Dare rine simba rimwe rokuedza kudzosa. Mukati mokutonga, maneja eDzimba anopa mhaka nokuda kwokupwiswa, nepo magweta omukuru mukuru anopa dziviriro. Vatongi vanoita savatongi, vanonzwa ufakazi nezvibvumikiso zvinobva kumativi ose ari maviri.

Apo purezidhendi anotongwa, Mutongi Mukuru weDare Rapamusorosoro anotungamirira dare. Nokuda kwavamwe vakuru vakuru, mukuru mukuru anotungamirira anowanzova mubati mukuru weDare kana kuti mumwe mutezo akasarudzwa. Pashure pokunge kutonga kwapera, Dare rinovhota kana richifanira kupinza mutongo mukuru mukuru panhau imwe neimwe yokusabvumirana. Kutendiswa kunoda vhoti mbiri dzezvikamu zviviri zvavatongi varipo.

Migumisiro Yokutenda

Kana Dare rikapa mutongo mukuru, munhu iyeyo anobviswa pakarepo panzvimbo. Dare ringavhotawo kusakwanirisa mukuru mukuru akapomerwa kuva nenzvimbo yehurumende yomunguva yemberi, kunyange zvazvo ikoku kuchingoda vhoti yakapfava bedzi.

Munhau yose yeAmerica, Imba yacho yakanzvera purezidhendi vatatu − Andrew Johnson muna 1868, Bill Clinton muna 1998, uye Donald Trump muna 2019 ne 2021(81) asi Dare harina kutongowanira mhaka purezidhendi. zvisinei, muitiro wokusafunda umene unobatira sechenjedzo ine simba, sezvo tyisidziro yokusatevedzerwa inogona kupesvedzera mufambiro wapurezidhendi uye muitiro wacho unounza nzvero huru kukufungidzira kuti mufambiro wechiremera.

Zvinorehwa Nenhau Yokurayira

Mumakore akatevera Hondo yevagari vemo, Republicans muDare vakatsvaka kunetesa simba raPurezidhendi Andrew Johnson pabazu guru kupfurikidza nokuita kuti kuve kusiri kwapamutemo kuti abvise vakuru vakuru vedare pasina tendero yeDare. Kuzvidza kwaJohnson mutemo uyu, Tenare of Office Act, kwakava chiteshi chenhau chenhau dzeDzitsidzo reNhau muna 1868. Uyu muenzaniso wenhau unoratidzira kuti kusabetsera kwakashandiswa sei sechishandiso murwisano huru zvikuru pamusoro pedzikamo yesimba pakati peDare napurezidhendi.

Simba rokusaita basa rinoshanda kwete bedzi somutoo wokubvisa nawo vakuru vakuru vakaipa kana kuti vapari vemhosva asiwo sechidziviso chokudzivisa kutsotswa kwavakuru vakuru.

Masumo Okushandisa Mutemo Okutsvaka Chiito Chine Chinotungamirirwa Navakuru

Kupfuura utarisiri, kusimbisa, uye kurongeka, Dare rine zvimwe zvishandiso zvinoverengeka zvokunzvera simba rehurumende. Izvi zvinobvumira kuti Dare rigadzirire maitiro ebazu kupfurikidza nemitemo yarinopfuudza uye zvinodikanwa zvarinoisa.

Ganhuriro Dzokudzika Mirayiro Nezvinodikanwa

Dare rinogona kuisa mitemo inoganhurira chisarudzo chamasangano anotungamirira kana kuti kuisa zvinodikanwa zvakati pamasangano anodzora anofanira kushanda. Iyi ganhuriro yemitemo inogona kufukidza chinhu chiri chose kubva muzvinodikanwa zvetsika nokuda kwokuita chisarudzo chesangano kusvikira kuganhuriro dzezviito izvo masangano anogona kuita. Kupfurikidza nokuronga mitemo nokungwarira, Congress inogona kudzvinyirira simba ravakuru kunyange munharaunda umo purezidhendi ane chiremera chapamutemo chinokosha.

Congress inorayira kuti vakuru vakuru veBazu Vanodzora vape mishumo yenguva dzose ndokupa uchapupu panhambo nenhambo pamabasa amasangano. Izvi zvinodikanwa zvinobatanidzwa mumitemo yavose, yakadai seLegislative Reorgation Act ya 1946. Zvinodikanwa izvi zvokushuma zvinovimbisa kuti Congress igamuchire mashoko enguva dzose pamusoro pemibato yebazu yakatanhamara, kuchigonesa kupfuurira kutarisirwa.

Kutarisira Kutonga

Nzvimbo huru yehwirudzuro inobatanidza kutarisirwa kwemitemo yehurumende kuvimbisa mitemo yeBazu ine Guru rinodzorwa nedonzo resangano. Iyi nzvero inoitwa kupfurikidza nokuteerera nokuhwirudzurwa kwokuita mitemo kwesangano, ichisimbisa kuti mutemo unotsigirwa. Apo masangano makuru anopa mirau yokushandisa mitemo yemitemo, Congress anohwirudzura iyi mitemo kuva nechokwadi chokuti vanoita donzo romutemo nenzira yokutendeka.

GAO yakazivisa nzira dzakawanda dzokuti Congress ingawedzera nadzo kutarisira kurongwa kwedare rebazi rinotonga.

Zvisarudzo Zvemitemo

Congress yakatanga nzira dzokuongorora uye kuputsa mabasa evakuru vakuru.Congress Review Act inobvumira kuti pasarudzwe zvisarudzo zvokusatendera kuti iputse mitemo yesangano ichangobva kubudiswa. Kana nzvimbo dzose dziri mbiri dzikapfuudza chisarudzo chakadaro uye purezidhendi achipa zviratidzo (kana kuti Congress achipfuudza purezidhendi churu), mutemo wacho unobviswa uye sangano rinorambidzwa kubudisa mutemo wakafanana zvikuru pasina mvumo itsva yokuronga.

Chishandiso ichi chinopa Congress nzira yokuongorora nayo kugadzwa kwehurumende pasina kuisa mutemo mutsva kupfurikidza nomuitiro wetsika wagara uripo, unobvumira nguva yakawanda. Inoshanda zvikuru pakuranga mirau yakapiwa munguva yapamberi pedare rapurezidhendi inoshora Congress itsva.

Simba Rehondo Noutariri Hwehondo

Bumbiro reMitemo rinokamura masimba ehondo pakati peCongress napurezidhendi, richiumba imwe nharaunda umo kunzverwa kwedare pachiremera chavakuru vakuru kunokosha. Nepo purezidhendi achibatira somutungamiriri mukuru wamauto ane zvombo, Dare rine simba rokuzivisa hondo, kusimudza nokutsigira mauto, uye kuita mitemo nokuda kwemauto.

Kubvuma Kwemauto Kuitwa neDare

Kunyange zvazvo purezidhendi ane chiremera chikuru chokushandisa uto rehondo kuita chimwe chinhu kumigariro inokurumidzira uye kudzivirira chengeteko yenyika, mabasa ehondo akatsigirwa zvikurukuru anoda mvumo yesangano.Dare rinogona kubvumira chiito chehondo kupfurikidza neziviso dzakarongwa dzehondo kana kuti kupfurikidza nemvumo dzokushandiswa kweuto (AMFs). izvi zvibvumidzo zvinorondedzera ukuru nourefu hwehondo, zvichipa pesvedzero huru pamusoro penzira iyo purezidhendi anoshandisa nayo simba rehondo.

War Powers Resolution ya 1973 yakaedza kusimbisa kudzora kwesangano panzvimbo dzinorongwa hondo kupfurikidza nokuraira purezidhendi kuzivisa Congress mukati mamaawa 48 okuita mauto muchiuto uye kubvisa masimba mukati mamazuva 60 kutoti Dare rakabvumira chiito chinopfuurira. Nepo purezidhendi vakapokanidza kuva kwebumbiro remitemo regadziriro dzomutemo uyu, kunomirira kutaura kunokosha kwechiremera chehurumende pamasimba ehondo.

Ungwaru

Nharaunda dzakaiswa panzvimbo chaidzo dzokutarisira dzinobatanidza chengeteko yenyika nemibato youchenjeri. Idzodzi dzinohwirudzurwa namatare akazvitsaurira akafanana neDare Rinosarudza Dare pamusoro peUchenjeri neHouse Secrent Committee on Intelligence. Iyi yanangidzira ngwariro kudikanwa kwokuvanza nechinodikanwa chebumbiro remitemo nokuda kwokudzora uye kuzvidavirira.

Kutarisira ungwaru kunopa zvinetso zvakasiyana - siyana nemhaka yokudiwa kwokudzivirira mashoko akarongwa uye manyuko anozivikanwa uye nzira dzokuita zvinhu.

Zvinetso uye Kuganhurirwa Kwoutarisiri Hweungano

Kunyange zvazvo Dare riine simba rokuongorora hofisi yebazi iri, kukwanisa kuongorora uku kunosangana nematambudziko akawanda.

Ropafadzo Yakananga Namashoko Zvinowanika

Ikoku ndokwechokwadi zvikurukuru apo sangano rinonangidzirwa — ringava munhu oga, sangano, kana kuti sangano rebazu guru rokugovera mashoko ayo Congress inorangarira kuva ari madikanwa kukubvunza kwayo.

Washington yakabvunza Kibinet yake kukurukura kuwirirana nokunzvera kweImba. Vakabvumirana pamirau yokuzivisa iyo yakavamba hwaro hwapakuvamba hweinozivikanwa zvino se "ropafadzo yokuuraya," kana kuti maruramiro aPurezidhendi kushandisa magwaro omunhu oga nezano risina kushatiswa kuti agadziridze zvisarudzo zvemitemo. Chikumbiro chechiremera chinogona kuganhurira kusvika kwoukuru hwemashoko, kuchiparira kusawirirana pakati pamapazu.

Zvomene yenhau kazhinji kazhinji yave iri yokuti rwisano dzenzvero pakati pebazu rezvamatongerwe enyika dzinopedzwa kupfurikidza nehondo yamasanga pakati pamapazu ezvamatongerwe enyika panzvimbo pokupika nematare.

Zvematongerwe Enyika uye Kutarisira

Utungamiriri hunoitika mumugariro wezvamatongerwe enyika wazvino uno umo ukama hweCongress namasangano anodzora hunogona kuvambira pakubatira pamwe kusvikira kurwisano. Uyezve, pane kusawirirana kwomuzvarirwo kwebumbiro remitemo nerezvamatongerwe enyika pakati peCongress naPurezidhendi kunyange mukati menhambo dzehurumende yakabatana. Kurangarira kwezvamatongerwe enyika hakudzivisiki kupesvedzera nenzira ine utsinye sei Dare rinotarisira bazu ravakuru.

Apo boka rimwe chetero rinodzora zvose zviri zviviri Congress napurezidhendi, kutungamirira kwourongwa kungava kwakasimba zvishoma semitezo yebato rapurezidhendi kusingadi kunyadzisa kana kuti kumanikidza utarisiri hwavo vamene. Nenzira inopesana, apo mapoka akasiana - siana anodzora mapazu, utariri hunogona kuva hunotsiva zvikuru, nebato rinoshora richishandisa nzvero kuwana mapfundo ezvamatongerwe enyika panzvimbo pokuita tarisiro yapachokwadi.

Mazano Okushandisa Mari

Kutarisira kunobudirira kunoda zvinhu zvinokosha, kubatanidza nguva yavashandi, unyanzvi, uye mari.Congress inofanira kudzikamisa mibato yokutarisira pamimwe mitoro yayo, kubatanidza kuronga, basa rokuvhota, uye kutsigira kusarudzwazve. Bazu revakuru vakuru rakakura zvikuru kupfuura Congress, namamirioni avashandi uye zviwanikwa zvakawanda, zvichiita kuti kutarisira kuve kwakaoma zvikuru.

Izvi zvinoreva kuti mamwe mabasa ebazi rinotungamirira haanyanyi kutarisirwa, kunyanya mune zvemabhizimisi kana kuti mune zvematongerwo enyika.

Kubudirira Kwekutarisira Kunoitiranwa Nharo

Dzimwe nyanzvi dzakapanikira kushanda kwoutarisiri hwesangano mukuvimbisa kuita kwehurumende uye kuwirirana nomutemo.kurukurirano dzokuvapo dzinopfuurira pamusoro pokuti utarisiri hwesangano hunodzora nenzira inobudirira mufambiro webazu rehurumende kana kuti kana bazu rapamusoro richiva noutongi hwakajeka pasinei zvapo nenzvero dzedare.

Madonzo esangano anobatanidza kunzvera simba rebazu guru, kunzvera kuti mutemo uri kupiwa sei, uye kuzivisa Congress nevoruzhinji. Madonzo iwaya angafanira kududzwa zvikuru nemhaka yokuti anobatira kudzivirira maruramiro esangano ndokusimbisa mano avanhu veAmerica okuyera mabasa echiremera nezviito. Kunyange apo tarisiro haisati ikakurumidza kuchinja mufambiro wechiremera, inobatira mabasa anokosha kupfurikidza nokupa mashoko kujeka uye kuita kuti kuzvidavirira kushande kuvanhu.

Mhindumupindu Youkuru Hweukama Hune Chirevo

Kunzwisisa mhindumupindu iyi kunobatsira kunzwisisa kuti zvinhu zviri kuitika mazuva ano uye kusawirirana kunoramba kuchiitika pakati pebazi racho.

Kukura Kwesimba Rine Simba Rinodzora

Mapurezidhendi emazuva ano anotarisira mamiriyoni evashandi vehurumende uye anoshandisa simba panzvimbo huru dzemitemo yemumba neyekunze kwenyika. Uku kuwedzera kwakaita kuti kutarisira dare resangano kuve kunokosha zvikuru asi kwakaomawo zvikuru, sezvo Dare richiedza kutarisira kuva nevakuru vakuru vakasiyana - siyana.

Mapurezidhendi akasimbisawo tsananguro huru dzesimba ravakuru vakuru, zvikurukuru munharaunda dzakadai sechengeteko yorudzi, nhau dzokumwe, uye mhinduro yekurumidziro.

Kupindura Kwemasangano Nekuchinja Zvinhu

Dare rakaita kuti pave nokuongorora kwakasiyana - siyana kwakaita kuti vanhu vafunge nezvako, uye vose vari vaviri bazu guru neDare rakatungamirira vakagadzira zvishandiso zvitsva uye nharo dzepamutemo kuti vakwikwidze nharo dzedare.

Dare rakachinja nguva nenguva miitiro yaro yokutarisira kuti risimbise mano aro okunzvera simba ravakuru vakuru. Iyi chinjo yakabatanidza kuvamba masangano matsva etsigiro, kufutunuka kwavashandi vedare, kuvandudza gadziriro dzemichina yemashoko, uye kutanga unyanzvi hutsva hwokutarisira. Kudzora bazu guru ndirimwe remitoro mikuru yeCongress. Mumakore achangobva kupfuura, Congress yakanzvera nzira dzokunzvera nadzo mabasa ayo munharaunda ino, kubatanidza kutungamirira kwapamutemo uye kumirira dare zvapamutemo nokuda kwokushanda nebazu gurukota.

Basa Rematare Mukukakavadzana Kwokutarisira

Mukushayikwa kwerugwaro rwakajeka rwebumbiro remitemo, ukuru hwesimba rinonzvera hwakaumbwa ndokurondedzerwa zvikurukuru nomuitiro wokuungana, kurukurirano pakati pamapazu ezvamatongerwe enyika, uye mirangariro yeDare Rapamusoro. Nepo matare panhambo nenhambo akapindira mugakava pakati peCongress nebazu rapamusoro, iwo anosarudza kazhinji kazhinji kuti mapazu ezvamatongerwe enyika apedze rwisano dzakadaro kupfurikidza nokukurukura.

Mumakore anouya, zvisarudzo zvinoitwa neCongress sezvainoita zvinangwa zvayo zvokutarisira zvingapfuurira kuumba kudzikamiswa kwesimba pakati pemapazu. Mhindumupindu inopfuurira yemiitiro youtariri nedzidziso dzapamutemo dzinovimbisa kuti ukama pakati peCongress nebazi guru hunoramba huchishanda.

Miitiro Yakanakisisa Yokutarisira Zvirongwa Zvinobudirira

Kunzwisisa zvinoita kuti kutarisira kubudirire kunogona kubatsira vagari vomunzvimbo yacho kuona kuti masangano anoitwa sei uye kuita kuti vamiririri vaamiririri vazvidavirire.

Kushandira Pamwe Kwebipartisa

Kutarisira kunoshanda zvikuru apo kunova netsigiro yebipartisan. apo vose vari vaviri vanobvuma kuti nhau yakafanira kunzvera, kutarisira sezvingabvira zvikuru kuchava kwakakwana, kunodavirika, uye kunopesvedzera.

Kuvaka bipartistan kunoda kunyanya kunetseka nezvokushanda kwehurumende pane kushandisa utarisiri kuti zvibatsire mune zvematongerwo enyika.

Jekesa Zvinangwa uye Tevedzera

Kutarisira kunobudirira kunoda vavariro dzakajeka nengwariro inotsigirwa. Matare anofanira kuziva mibvunzo yakananga yaanoda kupindura ndokutanga gadziriro dzokuwana mashoko ari madikanwa. Kunzwa kumwe kunoparira misoro mikuru yenhau asi kusina kutevera hakuwanzoparira miuyo ine revo.

Dare rinofanirawo kutevera zviwanwa zvokutarisira nokuita chiito chakafanira, kungava kunoreva kupa mutemo wokururamisa, kuchinja kunzvera, kana kuti kunongedzera nhau nokuda kwokunzvera kwoutsotsi.Ungwaru hunozivisa zvinetso asi hunokundikana kuronda zvigadzikiso zvinopambadza zvinhu uye zvinoderedza kuvimbika kwesangano.

Kushandisa Zviwanikwa Zvinobudirira

GAO, CBO, uye CRS zvinopa simba rinokosha rokutarisira rinogona kuita kuti kutarisira kubudirire. Matare anofanirawo kutsvaka mashoko kubva kunyanzvi dzokunze, kusanganisira nyanzvi, vaimbova vakuru vakuru vehurumende, uye vanotarisira vanobatanidzwa nemitemo yebazi.

Vashandi vanowana zivo yakadzama yemasangano akati uye nzvimbo dzemiitiro vanogona kutungamirira zvikuru kupfuura vaya vasina unyanzvi hwakadaro.

Kuona Zvinhu Zvakajeka uye Kubatanidzwa Pachena

Kutarisira kunoshanda zvikuru apo kunobatanidza vanhu uye kunoshanda nenzira inooneka. mirangariro yavose, mishumo inobudiswa, uye mashoko anowanika zvinobetsera vagari vemo kunzwisisa zviri kuita hurumende yavo ndokuita kuti vakuru vakuru vazvidavirire.

Zvisinei, kutarisira kunofanira kuitika mugadziriro dzakarongwa kuti kuchengetedzwe kwenyika.

Kukosha Kwenzvero DzeCongress Muhurumende Yechido Chose Yazvino Uno

Kuongorora uye kudzikamisa zvinhu kunobvumira kuti Congress itarisire uye iganhure simba rokutungamirira kunoramba kuchikosha pakudzora hurumende yeAmerica.

Kudzivisa Kushandiswa Zvisina Kufanira Kwesimba

Chinangwa chikuru chekuongorora simba revakuru vakuru ndechokudzivisa kubatwa zvisina kufanira nouori. Pasinei nokuti vakasanorangarirwa, vakuru vakuru vane simba risingadzorwi vanogona kubatwa nokunyengerwa uye kusazvibata. Kutarisira kweCongregation kunoparira gadziriro dzokuzvidavirira dzinodzivisa chakaipa uye dzinogovera mishonga apo chinoitika.

Nhau inoratidza kuti vakuru vakuru vebazu, kubatanidza mapurezidhendi, pane dzimwe nguva kushandisa zvisina kufanira chiremera chavo.Nzvero dzeCongress dzakafumura uori, kunzvera kusiri kwapamutemo, kushandiswa zvisina kufanira kwepfuma yehurumende, uye kumwe kusazvibata.

Kutsvaka Hurumende Inobudirira

Congress inonzverawo gadziriro dzehurumende nokushandisa kuti ione kushanda zvakanaka uye kudzivirira tsvina, kunyengera, uye kushatiswa. Kunyanyodzora hakusati kuri pamusoro pokudzivisa chakaipa(ichowo pamusoro pokuva nechokwadi chokuti hurumende inoshanda nenzira inobudirira uye nenzira inobudirira. Kuhwirudzura kweCongregational kunogona kuziva mapurogiramu asingashandi, kupedza zvisina kururama, uye mitemo inoda kugadziriswa.

Nokuongorora mashandisiro anoita mitemo uye mashandisiro anoita mapurogiramu, Dare reHurumende rinogona kuziva miitiro yakanakisisa, kusimbisa zvinhu zvitsva, uye kukurudzira kuti pave nokuvandudza.

Kuramba Tichizvidavirira Kune Dzehurumende

Vatarisiri veCongress vanova nechokwadi chokuti vakuru vakuru vebazi vasingasarurwi vanoramba vachizvidavirira kuvamiririri vakasarudzwa uye, kupfurikidza navo, kuvanhu.

Kutarisira kweCongregational kunopa nzira yokuti vagari vemo vadzorerwe nayo mitemo uye vatsvake kugadzirisa kana masangano asingaiti zvakanaka kana kuti asingashandi.

Kuumba Nharo Yavose

Kunzwa, kuongorora, uye mishumo zvinoita kuti zvirongwa zvehurumende zviwedzere kujeka uye zvinopa vagari vemo mashoko avanodisisa kuti vaongorore zvinoitwa nehurumende yavo.

Uku kujeka kunokosha nokuda kwokudzora kwehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu. Vagari vemo havagoni kuzvidavirira kuhurumende yavo kana vasingazivi zvairi kuita. Kutarisira kweCongress, zvikurukuru apo kunoitwa kupfurikidza nokutongwa kwavose uye mishumo inobudiswa, kunovhenekera mibato yehurumende uye kunogonesa kutora rutivi kune revo mumiitiro yehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu.

Mupeto: Simba Rinoramba Richingopiwa

Ukama pakati peCongress nebazu ravakuru vakuru hunomirira chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha zvikurusa muhurumende yeAmerica. Kupfurikidza nokutarisira, kusimbisa, kusimbisa, kurongeka, uye mamwe mashandiro, Dare rinochengeta nzvero dzinokosha pasimba revakuru vakuru. Uku kunzvera hakusati kuri kungovawo zvako dziviriro dzinokosha dzinodzivirira hurumende yebumbiro remitemo nedzosero.

Kunyange zvazvo mapazi ehurumende akasiyana uye, mumashoko akafara, akaenzana musimba, bazi remitemo rinodzivisa uye rinonzvera simba romutarisiri munzira dzinokosha, kubatanidza kupfurikidza nokushandisa masimba okutarisira.tsika ino yokunzvera nedzikamo yakabvumikisa kuva yakasimba zvikuru, ichichinjira kumigariro inochinja nepo ichichengeta basa rayo guru rokudzivisa simba rakaganhurirwa.

Kubudirira kwekuongorora simba revakuru vakuru kunotsamira pazvinhu zvakawanda, kubatanidza kuda kwezvamatongerwe enyika, nzvimbo yesangano, uye kuvimbisana kwavanhu. Apo Congress inoshandisa mitoro yayo yokutarisira nesimba uye mukutenda kwakanaka, inoshanda senzvero ine simba pakunyengera kwevakuru vakuru. Apo kuderera kwoutariri nemhaka yokurangarira kwechikamu, mipinyiro yezvipikirwa, kana kuti kushaikwa kwechido chezvamatongerwe enyika, simba rechiremera rinogona kuwedzera risingadzorwi.

Vagari vanoita basa rinokosha mutsika ino kupfurikidza nokuita kuti vamiriri vavo vazvidavirire nokuda kwokuita tarisiro ine revo.

Kunzwisisa kuti Congress inonzvera sei bazu guru kunokosha nokuda kwomunhu upi noupi anoda kunzwisisa hurumende yeAmerica. Izvi zvisati zviri nheyo dzebumbiro remitemo dzinoshanda dzinoumba mashandire anoita hurumende uye simba rinoparadzirwa. Kupfurikidza nokuchengeta utariri hwokungwarira, kudzora kurongeka, uye kuchengeta chibvumikiso chokupedzisira chokusatendera, Congress inovimbisa kuti simba revakuru rinoramba richizvidavirira kuvamiriri vavanhu.

Gadziriro haina kukwana, uye kusawirirana pakati pamapazu hakudzivisiki uye kunotova kwakanaka. Vagadziri varongi vakagadzira hurumende yamasimba akaparadzana nemhaka yokuti vakanzwisisa kuti chinzvimbo chinofanira kukurira chinzvimbo. Kukurukurirana kunopfuurira pakati peCongress nebazi rapamusoro pamiganhu yamasimba avo anotsaukana kunoratidzira gadziriro yeBumbiro remitemo uye kuvimbisa kuti hapana bazi ringadzora rimwe.

Sezvo hurumende inopfuurira kushanduka - shanduka uye denho itsva dzinomuka, miitiro iyo Congress inonzvera nayo simba ravakuru vakuru ichapfuurira kuwirirana. Unyanzvi hutsva, tyisidziro dzechengeteko dzinochinja, uye simba rezvamatongerwe enyika zvichada kuti Dare ritange unyanzvi hutsva hwokutarisira ndokusimbisa chiremera charo mumigariro mitsva. Nheyo huru, zvisinei, inoramba iri yenguva dzose: muhurumende inosarudzwa navanhu, simba ravakuru vakuru rinofanira kuongororwa noutarisiri hwehurumende kudzivirira rusununguko uye kuvimbisa hurumende inozvidavirira.

Nokuda kwaavo vanofarira kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro poutariri hwedare naparadzano yamasimba, [[FLT: 0] website yedare reSangano.gov inogovera zviwanikwa zvikuru, kubatanidza mishumo yedare, kunzwa mapepa, uye magwaro ehurumende. [[FLT:] Office yeMatare] . [[FLT:] org] inogovera kuongororwa kwakazara kwemishumo yemibato yayo yokutarisira, inogovera nzwisiso dzakadzama mumashandire anoita utariri hwedare. [[FLT:][FLT][5]

Gadziriro yecherekedzo nedzikamo dzinobvumira Congress kutarisira bazu guru rinomirira chimwe chezvitsva zvinokosha zvikurusa zvehurumende yeAmerica yebumbiro remitemo. Kupfurikidza nokunzwisisa aya mashandisirwo uye kutsigira kushandiswa kwawo kunobudirira, vagari vemo vanogona kubetsera kuva nechokwadi chokuti tsika ino inopfuurira kudzivirira kudzora kwedemokrase ndokudzivisa kuiswa kwesimba uko vavambi vanotya. Kutarisira kweCongregation hachisi rutiviwo harwo rwounyanzvi rwemibato yehurumende yeAmerica.