Simba rokuzivisa hondo nokubvumira kupindira kwehondo rinomira sechimwe chezviremera zvezvisakiso zvikurusa zvakaronzeswa kusangano rorudzi. Irori, rakavakirwa mumazana amakore erondedzero yezvamatongerwe enyika nomuitiro webumbiro remitemo, rinobatira senzvero yakakomba pamusoro pechinzvimbo choukuru uye dziviriro nokuda kwerangariro yehurumende yehurumende. Apo paramende kana kuti musangano rinosarudza kuita kuti nyika ipinde murwisano yehondo, riri kuita chiito chouchangamire icho chinobvisa zvakananga chengeteko yorudzi, pfuma yemari, uye upenyu hwavagari vemo. Kunzwisisa nheyo dzapamutemo, mhindumupinduko yenhau, uye kushandiswa kwazvino uno uno uno kwoukurwa kwesimba rehondo kunokosha nokuda kwomunhu upi noupi anotsvaka kunzwisisa kuti kumhanya kwechiito nechiito nechiito chokuzvidavirira choutongi.

Mhiri kwegadziriro dzebumbiro remitemo dzakasiana----tsaukana, basa redare rehurumende mukuita hondo rinosiyana, asi nheyo huru inoramba iri isingachinji: zvisarudzo pamusoro pehondo norugare hazvifaniri kugarwa chose chose mumaoko omukuru mumwe wehurumende. Munyika dzakadai seUnited States, Germany, Japan, uye France, mutezo wedare rinotonga unodzora wokuzivisa hondo kana kuti kubvumira hondo, kunyange sezvo mufambiro wevakuru vakuru vebasa wezuva kusvikira kuzuva rimwe. Uku kuparadzanisa kwamasimba kunorongedzerwa kusimbisira kuti chiito chehondo chiratidzire chisa chisakafanira chisakarurama chavanhu, kwete rutongeso rusina kuva mutungamiriri mumwe. Bva, mutsetse pakati pekubvumidzwa kwemitemo yemitemo yehondo nemutungamiriri wehurumende wakura zvikuru wakurasanwa mumitezo wamabasa ehondo yehondo yeNyika II.

Nyaya ino inonzvera simba rehondo redare rehurumende kubva mumativi akawanda: mavambo aro ebumbiro remitemo, mibato yaro yokuenzanisa, fundo huru dzenhau, denho dzapanguva ino dzakadai semibato yekombiyuta nebope remagakava anopfuurira pamusoro pechinjo. Kupfurikidza nokuwedzera kupfuura rondedzero yapakuvamba, tinogovera kunzvera kwakakwana kwakakodzera vagadziri vemitemo, nyanzvi, uye varonzeri vakavimbisana kuwirirana.

Mavambo Ebumbiro Remitemo Nemitemo

Gadziriro yapamutemo yokuzivisa hondo inowanzovamba mubumbiro remitemo renyika. United States Constitution, somuenzaniso, inogovera muChikamu I, Chikamu 8 kuti Dare richava nesimba "rokuzivisa Hondo, Rinopa Tsamba dzeMarque neReprisal, uye kuita Mitemo pamusoro peMazita paNyika nemvura. Iyi rugwaro rwakanga rwuri kuita kwakananga kusimba ramambo weBritain rokuita hondo pasina kubvumira kweparamende, chigumbu chaipiwa muZiviso yeChokuzvitonga. VaFramers vakaisa noune simba rehondo muCongress, bazi riri pedyo zvikuru navanhu, apo vaiita Purezidhendi weMaridhea-Chine remauto eBritain pasi peChikamu II, Chikamu 2.

Dzimwe hurumende dzinosarudzwa navanhu dzinogamuchira mapoka akafanana. MuGermany, Sic Law inoda mvumo yeparamende nokuda kwokuiswa kupi nokupi kwamauto ane zvombo kunze kwenyika, kunyange zvazvo kuzivisa kwepamutemo kwehondo kusati kuchashandiswazve. Ruramisiro yeJapan yapashure pehondo inoramba hondo zvakananga uye inoda Diet reviso yokushandiswa kweMitemo yeSuperse Defense. French Constitution of the Fith Republic inoda hurumende kuzivisa nokutsvaka mvumo yehurumende ipi neipi yehondo inopfuurira inopfuura mwedzi mina. Idzi dzino dzinoratidzira kuzivikanwa kuti chibvumirano chehurumende chinobvumira chiuto nehurumende chinodzivisa chiito chehurumende uye chinodzivisa kupindira kwehurumende.

Mutemo wenyika yose unoisawo ganhuriro. Chibvumirano cheSangano Romubatanidzwa Wenyika Dzapasi Pose, chinotenderwa nenyika zhinjisa, chinorambidza kushandiswa kwesimba kunze kwokuzvidzora kana kuti netendero yeSavice Council. Kunyange zvazvo Charter isingarayiri kugoverwa kwemasangano ehondo mumusha, chinoumba mhoteredzo yapamutemo iyo matare okugadza anofanira kurangarira apo anobvumira. Mitemo mizhinji yenyika inobatanidza misengwa yebvumirano, ichida nenzira inobudirira kuti masangano emitemo aonese kuwirirana nomutemo wamarudzi ose pamberi pokuita mauto.

Key :

  • Constitution yeUnited States inopa Congress simba rokuzivisa hondo, asi Purezidhendi anorayira mauto.
  • Germany inoda Bundestag tendero nokuda kwenzvimbo dzokuvaka mhiri kwamakungwa.
  • France inoraira kubvumidzwa kweparamende nokuda kwokupindira kunopfuura mwedzi mina.
  • Chibvumirano cheUN chinorambidza kushandiswa kwesimba rokuzvitonga kana kuti kudzora Dare Rokuchengetedza.

Kufambira Mberi Kwesimba Rehondo Dzakatevedzana

Pfungwa yokuti mutezo wedare unofanira kudzora kugadzira hondo yakatanga munguva yazvino uno sorutivi rwesangano rakafara kuhurumende inomirira. MuEngland, Chinjo inokudzwa ya1688 yakaderedza mano amambo okuchengeta uto rakamira pasina kubvumira kweparamende, ichitanga nheyo yokuti "simba rechikwama" ringanzvera gwinyiro rehondo. Vagari veAmerica vanotora iyi gamuchidzanwa ndokuriisa mubumbiro ravo idzva.

Muzana ramakore rechi19 rose, zviziviso zvemitemo zvehondo zvakanga zviri tsika.Congress yakazivisa hondo muna 1812 neBritain, muna 1846 muhondo neMexico, muna 1898 mukurwisana neSpain, uye muna 1917 mukurwisana neGermany. Chiziviso chimwe nechimwe chakatangira nekurukurirano huru nevhoti. Purezidhendi, apo aiitisa mabasa ehondo, aishanda mutendero wapamutemo wechiremera chemitemo. Iyi yakava muHondo yeNyika II, uye Congress Congress ichizivisa hondo paJapan pana December 8, 1941, uye pakupedzisira paGermany neItaly.

Nhambo yapashure pa1945 yakaratidzira chinjo inoshamisa. Chibvumirano cheSangano reSangano Romubatanidzwa weNyika Dzapasi Pose neRwisano Yemashoko zvakakurudzira "zviito zvehurumende" uye "mishoni dzokuchengeta rugare" izvo zvakanzvenga zviziviso zvetsika. Hondo yeKorea (1950 9553) yakatenderwa neUN Security Council, kwete nechiziviso cheUS. Purezidhendi Harry Truman akadudza UN Charter namasimba omuzvarirwo aPrezidhendi weSangano reSangano reHurumende. Ikoku kwakagadza muenzaniso wekupindira kwehurumende kwemauto, gare gare gare gare yakatevera muVietnam, Balkans, Ribhian, uye Hondo yakapararira paGorchize.

Mitemo kupota nyika yose yakagadziridzwa kupfurikidza nokupfuudza mvumo nokuda kwokushandiswa kwesimba rehondo (AMFs) panzvimbo pezviziviso zvepamutemo. muUnited States, Gulf of Tonkin Resolution (1964) yakabvumira Purezidhendi Lyndon Johnson kuita "matanho ose ari madikanwa" muSoutheast Asia, nenzira inobudirira kupa simba rehondo kumukuru wehurumende. Ge73 General Power Declagement yakaedza kudzosa chiremera chePrezidenti kupfurikidza nokuraira Purezidenti kuzivisa Dare mukati mamaawa 48 okuita mauto uye kubvisa mauto pashure pamazuva 60 kutoti Dare rakaramba richibvumirwa.

[[[FOTI:0] Nhamba dzinoitika:[

  • 1689:[ Chirungu Bill of Rights inoganhurira hondo kumira pasina mvumo yeparamende.
  • 1787: US Constitution inopa simba rehondo muCongress.
  • 1945:[ UN Charter inoganhurira hondo isina kudzorwa.
  • 1964:[[FLT] Gulf of Tonkin Resolution inowedzera chiremera chavakuru vakuru.
  • 1973: Masimba eHondo Chisarudzo kuedza kudzorera utarisiri hwedare.
  • [[FOLT:0]2001: Chibvumikiso chokushandisa Mauto eHondo (AMF) mukurwisana namagandanga.

Mitemo Yemitemo Inoenzanisa

Kunyange zvazvo United States ichiwanzova nekurukurirano dzemasimba ehondo, mamwe marudzi anopa misiyano inorayiridza. MuUnited Kingdom, chimiro chebumbiro remitemo chave chiri chokuti Mutungamiriri wehurumende neCabinet anoshandisa chiremera choumambo kugadza mauto ane zvombo. Zvisinei, chibviro cha2003 Hondo yeIraq, kokorodzano yebumbiro remitemo yakatanga kuda mvumo yeparamende nokuda kwechiito chehondo chinokosha. House of Commons yakavhota muna 2003 kubvumira kuvhozhotera kweIraq, uye muna 2013 yakaramba kubvumira kurwisana nemhepo kurwisa Siria, ichimanikidza hurumende kuchinja nzira. Iyi, nepo isina kubatana nomutemo, inoratidzira kukura kwetsika kwechibvumirano chemitemo yemutemo.

MuCanada, hurumende inofanira kutsvaka mvumo yeparamende nokuda kwokuiswa kwemauto ari kunze kwenyika kwemazuva anopfuura 60, sezvakarayirwa mugadziriro yokufamba ya2008. Kuzvipira kweCanada kumishoni muAfghanistan kwakakurukurwa kwataurwazve ndokuvhoterwa muImba yeCommons. Australia inotevera mutoo wakafanana: nepo Gavhuna Mukuru weGeneral seMutungamiriri weChief ane simba, hurumende dzinotevedzana dzakatsvaka paramende retendero yezvibvumirano zvikuru, kubatanidza Iraq muna 2003 uye nhimberi yeIraq/SSIS muna 2014.

Dare reNavy Law reGermany, Chikamu 115a, rinoda chisarudzo chepamutemo cheparamende nokuda kwe "state of dziviriro" (hondo). Nokuda kwechishoma zvikuru, Federal Constitution Court yakasarudza muna 1994 kuti kurongwa kupi nokupi kwamauto eGermany ane zvombo kunze kwenyika kunoda mvumo isati yaitwa neBundestag, kutoti kana kuti pane ngozi iri pedyo. Ikoku kwakatungamirira kukurukurirano dzine udzame nevhoti pamishoni muKostanbosbo, Afghanistan, uye Mali. Chinodikanwa pane dzimwe nguva chakaderedza mhinduro asi chakasimudzira kuva nomutemo wedemocracy.

Bumbiro remitemo reJapan, Chikamu 9, chinoramba hondo netyisidziro kana kuti kushandiswa kwesimba senzira yokupedza nayo makakatanwa amarudzi ose. Kwemakumi amakore, aya Masimba eIye amene akaganhurira kumabasa okuzvidzivirira. Kubvira muna 2015, kududzirazve uye mutemo zvakabvumira kuganhurirwa kweboka rokuzvidzora uye kuchengetedza rugare kwakawedzerwa, asi mabasa api naapi anoda kutenderwa naDiet. Chinoitika cheJapan chinosimbisa kuti pamutemo unoumba sei masimba ehondo emitemo.

Betsero Dzokudzora Kwomutemo Pamusoro Pechiito Chehondo

Kutarisira kwomutemo kwokuita hondo kunopa betsero dzakasimba dzinoverengeka dzinosimbisa udzori hwehurumende yehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu noungwaru hwakakodzera.

Kutonga Kwehurumende Nekodzero Dzevanhu uye Kuzvidavirira

Apo kurukurirano dzedare remitemo dzinobvumira chiito chehondo, chisarudzo chinowana maruramiro kuvamiriri vakasarudzwa vavanhu. Uyu muitiro unovimbisa kuti inzwi ravanhu, murevereri kupfurikidza navamiriri vavo, risati ranzwiwa ropa nepfuma zvisati zvapiwa. Kuzvidavirira kunova kunobvira nemhaka yokuti vaiti vemitemo vanogona kuvhoterwa nokuda kwokutsigira kana kuti kushora hondo. Zvisarudzo zvoukuru hunoshaiwa bedzi uyu mukoto wakananga wokuzvidavirira.

Kuzvipira uye Uchenjeri Hwokuunganidza

Gadziriro yemitemo inomanikidzira kumira nokuda kwokurangarira. Matare ane nyaya, zvapupu zvine unyanzvi zvinopupurira, uye nharo dzemhepo dzinopesana. Uku kurangarira kwakarongwa kunogona kufumura mirangariro isina kururama, kuzivisa miuyo isingakanwi, uye kutanga zvisarudzo zvakasvinurira. Kukundikana kukurukura zvizere nzvimbo dzeHondo yeIraq muUS Congress muna 2002 kunowanzodudzwa sechinhu chinoparira kukanganisa kuronga kwapashure pehondo.

Kubvumidzwa Nomutemo Nokujeka

Chibvumikiso chemitemo chapamutemo chinogovera hwaro hwapamutemo hwemibato yehondo, hunokosha nokuda kwetsika dzechiuto, kuzviisa pasi kwomutemo wamarudzi ose, uye dziviriro dzapamutemo dzomumusha. Vhoti yakajeka inojekesawo ukuru nourefu hwebasa, kudzivirira basa kumhanya. Somuenzaniso, AUMF yakadudzirwa zvakafara kufukidza mapoka akafanana neISSIS, kuchitungamirira kukujeka kwapamutemo. Chibvumikiso chakananga chingagona kudzivisa kurava kwakananga kwakadaro.

Kutarisira Kwakakomba

Hondo inodhura. Kudzora kwemari kunopa chirongwa chine simba chokupesvedzera mutemo wedare rehurumende. Kuramba mari yakafanira nokuda kwerwisano kunogona kuigumisa nenzira inobudirira, sezvakaitika nokubuda kweUnited States muVietnam pashure pokunge Congress yarega kutsigira mari muna 1973. Simba rechikwama rinozadzisa simba rokuzivisa hondo, kuchiparira kupeta kupeta kuviri kwepesvedzero yemitemo.

Matambudziko Nokutsoropodza Kwesimba Rehondo Rinotungamirirwa Nomutemo

Pasinei zvapo nebetsero dzayo, udzori hwemitemo pamusoro pokuitwa kwehondo hunotarisana nokutsoropodzwa kunoshanda uye kunoitwa nenzira inozivikanwa.

Kunonoka Mune Zvinoda Kukurumidza

Kurangarira kwapamutemo kunogona kuva kunononoka zvikuru nokuda kwedavidzo yokukurumidza kudenho kana kuti njodzi iri kukudziridzika nokukurumidza. Muzana ramakore rechi 21, tyisidziro dzinogona kumuka mumaawa, kwete mavhiki. Kuvhota musangano usati watsiva mubatanidzwa kana kuti kuita chiito kukurwisa kwekombiyuta kungagona kusiya rudzi rwaratidzirwa. Vatsigiri vechisarudzo chevakuru vakuru vanofanira kutanga kuita chiito ndokutsvaka mvumo gare gare.

Kurwisana Kwematongerwe Enyika uye Kuparadzana

Zvikamu zvakadzika zvemapoka zvinogona kutadzisa chibvumirano chemitemo. Kana Congress isingagoni kubvumirana kana ichizobvumira basa, mukuru mukuru angatoita chimwe chinhu pasina kuzombodavidza. Chivhoti cha 2013 paSyria chinorova muUS House neDare chakaratidza kuti kusabatana kwezvamatongerwe enyika kunogona sei kutadzisa kubvumira kunyange apo Purezidhendi anorikumbira. Muzviitiko zvakadaro, kusaita kwedare remitemo kunogona kuva sevhoti.

Kunyanyodzora uye Kumhanya - mhanya Kwokupedzisira

Zviremera zvakatanga nzira dzakawanda dzokurega nadzo masimba ehondo. Vanogona kuratidzira mabasa se "kupindira kwechiHuman," "kurovedza mishoni," kana kuti "kurova kwemagandanga kwapanyika" kunowira pasi pechigadziko chehondo. Vanogona kushandisa mvumo dziripo zvino. Vanogona kushandisa masimba chaiwo pachivande, kana kuti kuvimba navakwanyina vemibatanidzwa yemarudzi ose kugovera kuvanza. Kushandiswa kukuru kwekurova kwemadrone muPakistan, Yemen, neSomalia, kazhinji kazhinji pasina kurangaridza kwapamutemo, kuratidzira uku kumhanya kwokupedzisira.

Kusimba kwehondo neNhamo

Chii chinokosha? Mutsetse pakati pehondo, kuchengetedza rugare, kurwisa ugandanga, uye chiito chamapurisa unowedzera kuva usina kujeka. Kurwisa kunoparira kuvadziko dzomuviri kunomutsa mibvunzo yakafanana. Magislature anotamburira kurondedzera apo mvumo yawo inodikanwa. Majereta eWar Power Resolution e "uzwisaru" akadudzirwa nenzira isinganzwisisiki, achiita kuti zvisave zvawo. Uku kuoma kunobvumira vakuru vakuru kubatira munzvimbo dzachena.

Nzvero Dzapamhosva: Kutenderwa Kwomutemo Muchiito

Hondo yeVietnam (1955 - 1975)

Hapana kurukurirano yesimba rehondo remitemo yakakwana pasina Vietnam. Gulf of Tonkin Resolution (1964) yakapfuudzwa nodokubvumirana pashure pemishumo yedenho isina kupambadzwa pamuparadzi weUS, yakaziviswa kuva inotsausa. Chisarudzo chacho chakapa Purezidhendi Johnson chiremera chakafara kuti atore mativi ose ari madikanwa kubvisa kudenha kupi nokupi kune zvombo" pasina kuzivisa kwepamutemo kwehondo. Ikoku kwakava ruramiso nokuda kwokuva mukuru. Pakasvika 1973, Constansion yakanga yarasikirwa nokutenda uye yapfuudza Masimba eHondo pamusoro paPrezidhendi Nixon'sveto, asi hondo yakapfuurira kwamakore maviri. Vietnam inomira senyevero pamusoro pezvibvumidzo zvisina kujeka.

Hondo yeGulf ya 1991

Mukupesana, Purezidhendi George H.W. Bush akatsvaka ndokugamuchira mvumo yakajeka yemisangano yokushandisa simba mukurwisana neIraq pashure pokuvhozhokera kwayo Kuwait. Chisarudzo chakapfuura Dare 52-47 neImba 250-183 pashure pekurukurirano huru. Vhoti yakateverwa neganhuriro yakakomba yemazuva 60 yakasungirwa kuchisarudzo cheUN. Uyu muenzaniso unowanzodudzwa somuenzaniso wekurodza mutemo ndokuvaka tsigiro yavose pamberi pokupindira kukuru kwechikwapanguva.

Kupindira kweRibya (2011)

Purezidhendi Barack Obama akatanga kurova ndege kurwisana namauto ehurumende yeLibyan muna March 2011 pasi pechisarudzo cheUN Security Council chinobvumira "matanho ose anokosha" kudzivirira vanhu. Vatungamiriri veObama vakapikisa kuti basa racho rakanga risiri "mitoro" pasi peWar Powers Resolution nokuti pakanga pasina mauto neU.S. zvaitsigira mauto akabatana. Mitezo yakawanda yeCongress yakaramba ichibvumirana, uye kushanda kwacho kwakapfuurira kupfuura muganhu wezuva 60 pasina mvumo. Vatungamiriri vehurumende vaidzo yepamutemo vakashorwa zvikuru, uye chinoitika chakasimbisa mano evakuru vakuru vakuru avaidzo okududzira mitemo kure.

Zvombo zveSiriya zva2013

Apo Purezidhendi Barack Obama akazivisa aizotsvaka mvumo yesangano nokuda kwezvipfuro zvendege mukurwisana nehurumende yeSiria mukutsiva nokuda kwokushandiswa kwezvombo zvemakemikoro, vazhinji vaikarira vhoti yapedyo. Imba neDare zvakatongwa, uye chishoro chavanhu chakawedzera. Pakupedzisira, vadzori vakabvisa chikumbiro chacho pashure pokuita chibvumirano chemibatanidzwa yokubvisa zvombo zvechiSyrian. Ichi chiitiko chakaratidzira kuti tyisidzirowo zvayo yevhoti yemitemo inogona kuumba muitiro, asi kuti kuwana kubvumirwa mutendero mumhoteredzo yakapoteredza yapasi pevhuro kwakaoma zvikuru.

Matambudziko Azvino Uno uye Anosangana

Kuvhiya Kwechinyakare

Kurwisa kweCyber kunogona kuparira kuvadziko yakaenzana nedenho dzesimba rokunyama(nzimbe dzinoparadza, mashoko anoshatisa, kudzongonyedza gadziriro dzemari(*) asi hakuwirirani zvakajeka nerondedzero yegamuchidzanwa yehondo. Ko mutembiriso unofanira kubvumira matsive eIndaneti anoparira kuvadziko mumuviri? Ko kana kuti kushanda kweIndaneti kwapabushipi? United States haisati yada kuvhota masangano esangano pakombiyuta nokuda kwokushanda kwekombiyuta, asi nhau yacho inokakavadzana zvakasimba. Vamwe vanotaura kuti 2001 AUMF ingagona kufukidza mabasa ekombiyuta namapoka amagandanga, nepo vamwe vanoomerera kuti zvibvumidzo zvitsva zvinodikanwa. Chinetso chitsarudzo chitsva chokudzora.

Kurovanywa Netsvina uye Kuurawa Kwevanyajambwa

Kushandiswa kukuru kwemadronesi ane zvombo kurova vanhu kure nenhandare dzehondo kwakamutsa mibvunzo mikuru pamusoro poutarisiri hwemitemo. MuUnited States, kunyange dare revakuru vakuru rakamanikidzira nenzira inobudirira chiremera chevakuru vakuru kushandisa simba rinouraya mukurwisana nenzvimbo dzehondo dzinofungidzirwa. 2001 AUMF yakadudzirwa kubvumira kurova al-Qaeda, Taliban, uye "mauto akashatiswa" kunzvimbo ipi neipi munyika. Vatsoropodzi vanopikisa kuti iri iboka renyika inozvidza basa reDare reHurumende. Dzimwe nyika, dzakadai seGermany, dzinoda mvumo yeparamendi rekurovanya, asi mukushandisa kurovanya ikoko hakuwanzowaniki.

Kuchengeta Rugare Nemabasa Okubatana

Mabasa mazhinji azvino uno anoitwa muNaTO, African Union, kana kuti UN. Magweta angaparapatika kudzora kutora rutivi kwenyika yavo muzviito zvemibatanidzwa umo murairo wose nebasa zvinogadzwa mumativi akawanda. Paramende ingavhota kutendera kutora rutivi mubasa rokuchengeta rugare, asi mitemo yokuvimbisana nourefu inogona kuchinja nokufamba kwenguva. Iyi "Miitiro" inogona kubvisa chinangwa chemitemo.

Kuronga Chinjo Nenhungamiro Dzomunguva Yemberi

Pamusana pokusawirirana kuripo pakati pokuchinja kwehurumende nokutarisira hurumende, zvikarakadzo zvakawanda zvokuchinja zvakavapo kuti zvivandudze dzikamo.

Kusimbisa Chisarudzo Chesimba Rehondo

MuUnited States, zvikarakadzo zvinobatanidza kudzikamisa rondedzero ye "hostrificiation Act," kupfupikisa wachi yemazuva 60, kudikanisa kutenderwa kwedare pamberi pechiito chipi nechipi chinokosha chehondo, uye kuderedza mano aPrezidhendi kushandisa AUMFs iripo panguva ino. Chirongwa cha2019 National Defense Leactive Act chinobatanidza gadziriro dzokudzosa nguva ya1991 ne200 Iraq AUMFS, asi kudzokororwa kwechigere kuitwa zvizere. Vamwe vatsigiriri vanotsiva kutsiva zvose zviripo neAUMFs, nguva yakaganhurirwa inoratidzira muvengi, mamiriro enzvimbo, uye kupera kwenguva.

Kuchengeta Mutemo Pamabasa Ehondo

Dzimwe nyika dzakaedza kukumbira tendero yeparamende mukati menhambo yakatarwa pashure pokuvamba kwemibato, yakafanana nomutemo wemwedzi mina weFrance. Ikoku kunopa mutungamiriri chisarudzo chokutanga asi kunomanikidzira kurukurirano yapashure. Zvibvumikiso zvakadaro "position" hazvidzongonyedzi zvikuru kupfuura kunyorwa kwapamberi pekunyorwa asi zvichingogovera nzvero.

Kushandiswa Kuri Nani Kwesimba Rechitoro

Congress inogona kushandisa udzori hukuru kupfurikidza nokupfuudza zvinorambidza zvokushandisa pakushandisa mativi pamabasa akati, kana kuti kupfurikidza nokuda kuti mari ivhoterwe zvakaparadzana sezvikamu zvokuwedzera. Imba yaVamiririri padzimwe nguva yakakurukura kugadziridzwa kwemibato yakajeka muYemen neLibya. Kuita kuti mari yehondo itsive chisarudzo chakajeka chevhoti.

Kuchinja Kwezvibvumirano Zvenyika Yose

Pamwero wamarudzi ose, kusimbisa basa reUN Security Council mukupa simba raigona kuderedza rutsamiro pachiito chechiremera chimwe. Zvisinei, chivako cheSarefety Council chinoramba chiri mhinganidzo. Masangano eruwa akafanana neAfrican Union akavamba mitemo inoda kubvumira hurumende isati yapindira, asi aya anowanzorega kutenderwa nomutemo pamwero wenyika.

mhedziso

Simba redare rokuzivisa hondo nokubvumira kupindira kwehondo rinoramba riri musimboti wehurumende inosarudzwa nebumbiro remitemo. Rinovimbisa kuti chisarudzo chikurusa chinovapo pashure pehurumende inosarudzwa nehurumende. Rudzi runogona kuita kuti vagari varwo vaende kuhondo(chinozviisa pasi pokurangarira kwavose, kubvumirwa kwapamutemo, uye kuzvidavirira kwehurumende yehurumende yehurumende). Asi kushanduka kwehondo mumazana amakore 20 ne21 kwakaedza nguva dzose iyi nheyo. Vatungamiriri vehurumende vakawana nzira dzokuumba kufuratira kana kuti kutsanangurazve mitemo, uye vagari vemitemo kazhinji kazhinji vave vachizengurira kushandisa chiremera chavo.

Kudzorera dzikamo pakati pekumhanya nokutarisira idenho inopfuurira. Inoda kwete bedzi chinjo yapamutemo asiwo tsika yezvamatongerwe enyika iyo inokoshesa kurukurirano yemitemo uye inodzivisa kuchengeteka kwehurumende yorudzi. Vagari vanofanira kuraira kuti vamiriri vavo vakasarudzwa varangarire masimba ehondo nenzira yakakomba, uye vamiriri vanofanira kuomerera pabasa ravo rebumbiro remitemo. Simba rokuzivisa hondo harisati ririwo zvaro mugadzirirwo webumbiro remitemo; ichenjedzo inoshingaira, inoshanda inofanira kushandiswa kuchengetedza chimiro chehurumende yehondo.

Nokuda kwokuravazve, nzvera Bumbiro reMitemo ra [[FT:0], URIndi yeUN, uye Congational Research Service pources. Zviwanikwa izvi zvinogovera nzwisiso yakadzama yegadziriro yapamutemo nomuitiro wenhau izvo zvinorondedzera basa rechigadziko mukubvumira kushandiswa kwehondo.