Table of Contents

Imba yaVamiririri inomira serimwe ramasangano anokosha zvikurusa muAmerica yehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu, ichibatira senzwi rakananga ravanhu muhurumende yehurumende. Sekamuri rakaderera reUnited States Congress, inoita basa rinokosha mumutemo wokuumba, kumirira masangano akasiyana - siyana, uye kuchengeta gadziriro yechekedzo nedzikamo dzinorondedzera utongi hweAmerica. Nokuda kwavagari vemo vanotsvaka kunzwisisa kuti hurumende yavo inoshanda sei uye kuti vanogona sei kutora rutivi nomutoo unobudirira zvikuru mumuitiro wedemocracy Congresssion, nzwisiso yakakwana yeImba yaVamiririri vehurumende ndiyo inokosha.

Hwaro Nedonzo Reimba

Imba yeVamiriri inzvimbo yeBangaral United States Congress, inobatira seimba yakaderera parutivi peDare reUnited States seimba yepamusoro, ine makamuri ose ari maviri ane chiremera pasi peChikamu Chokutanga cheBumbiro reMitemo reUnited States chokupfuudza kana kuti kukurira mutemo wehurumende. VanaBaba Vakawanwa vakaronga Imba kuva bazi rehurumende riri pedyo zvikuru navanhu, nemitezo yakasarudzwa zvakananga navagari vemo kumirira fariro dzavo mumuitiro wehurumende.

Chivako cheImba yacho chakatangwa neChikamu Chokutanga cheUnited States Constitution, icho chakavanza fandesheni yemutumbi unomirira waizokura ndokushanduka norudzi. Vagadziri vaifungidzira sangano rine simba raizowedzera sezvo chiverengero chavagari venyika chaizowedzera, vachivimbisa kuti vaAmerica vaizova nemifananidzo inosvikika muhurumende yavo. Ichi chiono chakaratidzira mirangariro yedemocracy apo rudzi rwakatangwa.

Kuvakwa uye Kurongwa Kweimba

Muviri wa 435-Member

Nhamba yavamiriri vokuvhota muImba inogadzwa nomutemo pasati pari kupfuura 435, zvichienzaniswa nechiverengero chavagari vemo vehurumende 50. Nhamba iyi yakaramba iri yenguva dzose chibviro cha1912, apo Kukohwa kweMurayiro we 1929 kwakaderedza nhamba yemitezo yokuvhota yeImba pa 435. Mumwe nomumwe weidzi vamiriri anobatira ruwa rwakati rwedare mukati mehurumende yavo, achiita savabatidziri vakuru pakati pezvikamu zvavo nehurumende.

Chisarudzo chokuisa imba yacho pamitezo 435 chine mashoko akapoteredza enhau anokosha.Congress nguva dzose yakawedzera ukuru hweImba yacho kuti ipedzerwe nokuda kwokuwedzera kwechiverengero chavagari vemo kutozosvikira yagadza nhamba yemitezo yePostry House muna 435 muna 1911.

Kunhuhwira uye Kumirira Vanhu

Rimwe ramavara anorondedzera eImba nderokuti kumirira kwakavakirwa pachiverengero chavagari vemo, kuchisianisa neDare uko nyika imwe neimwe inowana ratidziro yakaenzana pasinei zvapo noukuru. Kusunungurwa muitiro wokukamuranisa mitezo 435 pakati penyika 50, neCensus Bureaution ichiitisa kuverenga panhambo dzamakore 10 uye ichishandisa miuyo yacho kuverenga chiverengero chemitezo yeNhaka iyo hurumende imwe neimwe ine maruramiro.

Bumbiro reMitemo rinogovera kuti hurumende imwe neimwe ichava neinodeya kuenzana yenhengo imwe muImba yavamiririri veUnited States, uye ipapo kuverenga kwokugovera kunokamura zvigaro 385 zvakasara pakati penyika 50.Izvozvi zvinovimbisa kuti kunyange nyika dzine vanhu vashoma zvikuru dzine inzwi muImba, nepo nyika huru zvikuru dzichigamuchira zvinoenzana nezvinomiririrwa zvakawanda kuti dziratidzire vagari vadzo vadzo vakuru zvikuru.

Yakagamuchirwa neCongress muna 1941 ndokushandisa nhamba imwe neimwe pashure paikoko, mutoo wemwero wakaenzana unoverenga ukoshi hwokutanga kupfurikidza nokukamuranisa chiverengero chavagari vemo vomunyika imwe neimwe kupfurikidza nerevo yezvigaro zvayo zvazvino uno nezvinotevera, kugovera zvigaro 51 kusvikira ku 435. Uku kugadzikiswa kwemasvomhu kunovimbisa ruramisiro mukuparadzirwa kwezvigaro zvesangano zvakavakirwa pakuchinja kwechiverengero chavagari vemo kunoziviswa nokuverengwa kumwe nokumwe nokumwe kuverengwa kwegore negore.

Kuwanda kwezvirongwa zvekuverenga vanhu kwakaitwa muUnited States muna 2020, ruwa rumwe norumwe runomiririra vanhu 761 169.

Nhume Dzisingarongi Nemifanikiso Inokatyamadza

Kupfuura mitezo 435 yokuvhota, House inobatanidzawo nhume dzisingashandisi mari dzinomirira ndima dzeU.S. uye Ruwa rweColumbia. Pari zvino, kune nhume shanu dzinomirira Ruwa rweCombian, Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, uye Commonwealth yeNorthern Marianation Islands, pamwe chete nomumiriri anogaramo uyo anomirira Puerto Rico. Nepo idzi nhume dzisingagoni kuvhota panzvimbo yokupedzisira yemitemo pauriri hweImba, dzinogona kutora basa redare, kusuma zvikwereti, uye mutsigiri wefadzo dzezviwi zvavo.

Mashoko Ebasa Nezvisarudzo

Mitezo yeImba inobatira nhambo yakagadzwa yamakore maviri, nechigaro chimwe nechimwe nokuda kwesarudzo pamberi pokuvamba kweDare rakatevera. Iri nhambo pfupi yesarudzo yakarongedzerwa namaune kuchengeta vamiriri vachizvidavirira zvikuru kuvamiriri vavo. Shoko ramakore maviri rinoreva kuti mitezo inofanira kudzokera nguva dzose kumaruwa avo, kuteerera vavhoti, uye kururamisa zvinyorwa zvavo zvemitemo kana vachida kupfuurira kubatira.

Mumiririri mumwe nomumwe anosarudzwa kushoko ramakore maviri achibatira vanhu voruwa rwakati rwedare. Iri denderedzwa ramarusarudzo rakawanda rinosiyanisa Imba neDare, uko mitezo inobatira mashoko amakore matanhatu. Mashoko mapfupi anova nechokwadi chokuti Imba inoramba ichichinja mumurangariro wavose uye kuchinja mamiriro enyika, kuchiiita imba ine simba zvikuru uye inozvidavirira nokukurumidza yeCongress.

Simba Rinokosha Nemabasa

Chiremera Chomutemo

Basa guru reImba yavamiriri nderokuita, kukurukura, uye kupfuudza mutemo wehurumende. Pamwe chete, Imba neDare zvine chiremera pasi peChikamu Chokutanga cheBumbiro reMitemo reU.S. mukuwanira nhau kupfuudzira kana kuti kukunda mutemo wehurumende, unozivikanwa sezvikwereti, uye izvo zvinopfuudzwawo neDare zvinotumirwa kuna purezidhendi nokuda kwokusaina kana kuti kuvhara. Simba remitemo rinobatanidza rutivi rwuri rwose rwomuitiro wenyika, kubva kumitero nokushandisa kudziviriro yorudzi negadziriro dzenzanga.

Muitiro wemitemo muImba wakaoma uye unorerutsira, unobatanidza mwero dzakawanda dzehwirudzuro, kurukurirano, uye kugadziridzwa. Mabhiri anogona kusumwa nomutezo upi noupi weImba, uye iwo anowanzopinda muhwirudzuro yedare, kurukurirano yapauriri, uye kuvhota pamberi pokunanga kuDare. uyu muitiro unovimbisa kuti mutemo upindurwe zvakakwana mumifungo mizhinji usati wava mutemo.

Simba Rinopfuura Mabhiri Emari

Rimwe ramasimba makuru zvikurusa eImba ichiremera chayo chebumbiro remitemo pamusoro pomutemo wemari. Masimba eImba akazara anobatanidza kutanga zvikwereti zvemari yose, kurongera vakuru vakuru vehurumende, uye kusarudza purezidhendi kana pasina muvhoti muElectoral College. Iri simba pamusoro pemitero nemari rinoratidzira chitendero chavavambi kuti simba remitero rinofanira kugumira mukamuri racho rinozvidavirira zvakananga kuvanhu.

Chiremera ichi chakakwana chinoreva kuti mabhiri ose ane chokuita nokukwidza mari yakawandisa ($PUPF) kubatanidza mutemo wemitero, mapurisa, uye zvimwe zvimiro zvemari inotambirwa yehurumende (zvinofanira kutangira muImba yaVamiririri). Nepo Dare richigona kukarakadza kugadziriswa kwezvikwereti zvemari, harigoni kuatanga. Ikoku kunopa pesvedzero huru paImba yacho pamuitiro wemari nebhajeti yehurumende.

Simba Rokutarisira

Imba yacho ine simba rimwe chete kuvakuru vakuru vehurumende, kubatanidza Purezidhendi wehurumende, Mutongi weSanihedrini, mutongi wehurumende, uye vamwe vakuru vakuru vehurumende. Kupa mhaka ipomero yetsika yapamutemo yomufambiro wakashata, yakafanana nepomero mumutemo woutsotsi. Apo Imba inovhota kuisa mupurisa mukuru mukuru, haibvisi munhu iyeyo pahofisi; panzvimbo pezvo, inotumira nhau yacho kuDare, iro rinotonga uye rinosarudza kana richifanira kutora mhaka ndokubvisa mukuru mukuru.

Iri simba rokutaura rinobatira senzvero inokosha pamapazu avakuru vakuru navanotonga, ichivimbisa kuti hakuna mukuru mukuru wehurumende ari pamusoro pomutemo.

Basa Muzvisarudzo ZvaPurezidhendi

Mumugariro usingawanzoitiki wokuti hakuna mutevedzeri wapurezidhendi anogamuchira vhoti zhinjisa dzeElectoral College, House ine mutoro webumbiro remitemo wokuvhota Purezidhendi. Muzvinoitika zvakadaro, nhume imwe neimwe yehurumende muImba inovhota, nehurumende zhinji dzinoda kusarudza purezidhendi. Nepo iyi bvumirano yakakumbirwa kashomanene bedzi munhau yeAmerica, inomirira tsaona inokosha mugadziriro yapurezidhendi yesarudzo.

Kutarisira Nokuongorora

Kupfuura kuita mitemo, Imba inoshandisa chiremera chinokosha chokutarisira masangano ebazu makuru nehurumende.

Iri basa rokutarisira rinokosha kuchengeta kuzvidavirira muhurumende. matare edzimba anogona kuisa zvapupu zvechipopo, zvinyorwa zvokukumbira, uye kuitisa nzvero muchakaipa chingabvira kana kuti kusakwanisa mubazu guru. Simba iri rinovimbisa kuti bazu remitemo rinogona kunzvera simba rehurumende ndokudzivirira fariro yavose.

Muitiro Wedare: Injini Yebasa Rokunyora Mitemo

Chikonzero Nei Matare Achikosha

Matare eImba anorangarira zvikwereti namasangano anotarisira, mapurogiramu, uye mibato mukati memiganhu yavo. Gadziriro inowanzorondedzerwa sepanoitikira basa chairoiro reCongress. Nemitezo 435 nezviuru zvezvikwereti zvinotangwa rusando rumwe norumwe, kungava kusingabviri kuti Imba yakazara irangarire nenzira ine udzame kurutivi rwuri rwose rwomutemo. Matare apedzisa chinetso ichi kupfurikidza nokukamuranisa basa pakati pamapoka maduku, akarovedzeka.

Kune marudzi matatu amatare: kumira, kusanangurwa, uye kubatanidzwa, nematare akamira achiva matare echigarire ane udzori hunoziviswa muHouse Mission. Iri sangano rinobvumira mitezo kuvamba unyanzvi munharaunda dzakati dzemiitiro uye rinovimbisa kuti mutemo uhwirudzurwe zvakakwana, uchiziva usati wasvika pauriri hweImba.

Matare Akamira

Matare akamira ane mutoro wokuhwirudzura zvikwereti, kutungamirira, uye kuumba mutemo kupfurikidza nerumbidzo dzawo. aya matare echigarire anofukidza nzvimbo dzakafara dzemiitiro uye akarondedzera miganhu yakagadzwa nemitemo yeImba. Pari zvino, Imba inochengeta matare anenge 20 akamira, rimwe nerimwe richinangidzira ngwariro panharaunda dzakati dzemiitiro yehurumende.

Mamwe amatare ane simba zvikuru anosanganisira:

  • Dare reMifungo: Dare paNzira naMatemu idare rakaresa rakamira muImba yaVamiririri, rakatanga kusikwa sedare rakasarudzwa muDare reProces reProces musi waJuly 24, 1789, uye kuva dare rakamira muDare rechi 4 (1795-177). Dare iri rinobata mutemo wemitero, mutezo wezvokutengeserana, uye Social Security.
  • [[FLT: 0] Dare Rokuchinja: Dare iri rine simba rinodzora kudyira kwehurumende kupfurikidza nokusarudza kuti masangano ehurumende namapurogiramu anogamuchira mari yakawanda sei gore rimwe nerimwe.
  • Dare reMabasa Rinoshongedzwa:[[FLT: 1] Rinotarisa Department of Defense and auto, kubatanidza mari yokuzvidzivirira nayo uye mabasa ehondo.
  • Dare roRuzivo: Rinotonga mutemo une chokuita nedare rehurumende, kuchinja kwebumbiro remitemo, mutemo woutsotsi, uye kutama.
  • [ Dare rezvokutengeserana:[[FT:1] Rimwe ramatare akafara zvikurusa, ane simba pamusoro petarisiro youtano, kurukurirano yekurukurirano, dziviriro yomutengi, uye muitiro wesimba.

Sarudza Matare Anokosha

Matare anosarudza anowanzoitwa nechisarudzo chokuitisa kunzvera kana kuti kurangarira matanho, kazhinji kazhinji pamisoro yakati, uye haamutsidzirwi pahwaro husingagumi nokusiiwa kweSarudzo Yechisarudzo Dare paIntelligence. aya matare echinguvana anoumbwa kuti apedze nhau dzakati kana kuti aitise nzvero dzakati idzo dzinokundikana kunze kwechiremera chamatare akamira kana kuti dzinoda ngwariro yakananga.

Matare anosarudza akaita mabasa anokosha munhau yose yesangano, achinzvera chinhu chiri chose kuvambira pamabasa ouchenjeri kusvikira kudenho dzakati dzomutemo. Nepo iwo ane chaizvoizvo ganhuriro dzoupenyu, mamwe matare akasarudzwa akabvumikisa kuva anokosha kwazvo zvokuti akava zvikamu zvechigarire zveImba.

Mahofisi Akaderera: Kunangidzira Pfungwa Pachinhu Chimwe

Masangano makuru anoumbwa namatare mazhinjisa kugoverana mabasa akati mukati medare rakazara, uye ane mutoro kubatira nokushanda mukati menhungamiro dzakatangwa namatare avo avabereki. Aya mapoka maduku anobvumira kunyange kunzverwa kwounyanzvi zvikuru kwenhau mukati mechiremera chikuru chedare.

Mitemo muImba yavamiriri veUnited States inowanzoganhurira dare rimwe nerimwe rakazara kuvatendi vaduku vashanu, kunze kweAppropriation (12 vamirimo miduku), Mitemo Yezvombo (7), Mimwe Mitambo (7), uye Tsvene and Infractive and Inslactive (6). Ichi chivako chinovimbisa kuti nzvimbo dzakaoma dzinogamuchira ngwariro ine udzame kubva kumitezo ine unyanzvi hwakati kana kuti fariro mumisoro yakati.

Vatungamiriri Vedare Nemabasa

Zvigaro zvedare zvinosarudzwa kuti mubato upi kana upi uri muvoruzhinji, uye boka duku rinosarudza mitezo yapamusoro kuti rizvitungamirire. Chigaro chedare chinoshandisa simba rinokosha, chinodzora purogiramu yedare, kusarudza kuti zvikweretii zvinogamuchira nzeve, uye zvishandiso zvedare navashandi.

Vamiririri vanotsvaka matare ane miganhu munharaunda umo vane unyanzvi kana kuti vanotsigira fariro dzamaruwa avo. Migove yeDare inogona kuumba zvikuru basa renhengo nokubudirira muCongress. Mumiriri womuruwa rwokurima angatsvaka chigaro muDare rePuriculture, nepo mutezo une ruzivo rwemari muzvemari angaronda nzvimbo muDare reMabasa eMarime.

Muitiro wokugovera mitezo kumatare unoitwa nedare rokutungamirira rebato rimwe nerimwe, iro rinorangarira zvinhu zvakadai sezvisarudzo zvemitezo, unyanzvi, kukura, uye zvinodikanwa zvemaruwa avo. Iyi migove inotenderwa necaucus yakazara yebato uye pakupedzisira neImba imene kupfurikidza nokugamuchirwa kwezvisarudzo.

Mashandiro Anoita Matare

Matare anotungamirira basa rawo kupfurikidza nemibato mikuru inoverengeka:

  • [[FOLT:0] Matare anonzwa: ane nyaya dzokuunganidza mashoko pamusoro penhau dziri mukati mehurumende, chipupuriro chokunzwa chinobva kune zvapupu zvine unyanzvi, vakuru vakuru vehurumende, uye vapamberi vemari vanotapurwa.
  • [[FOLT:0] Zvikamu zvemabhakisi: Mukati mokupa mutero, mitezo yedare inokurukura uye inopedza mapepa okuvhota pamberi pokuzvishuma kuImba yakazara.
  • Mibato:[ Matare anotarisira masangano ebazu anotarisira namapurogiramu, achivimbisa kuti anoshanda nenzira inobudirira uye mutsinhirano nevavariro yedare.
  • Kumwe kunzvera: Apo kunenge kuri madikanwa, matare anoitisa nzvero mukuita chakaipa chinofungidzirwa, kukundikana kwemiitiro, kana kuti zvimwe zvinhu zveitiro hanya yavanhu.
  • [ Mishumo nezvinokarakadzwa:[ Matare anobudisa mishumo pamusoro pemitemo nenhau, achigovera kunzvera nokurumbidza kuImba yakazara.

Kutungamirira Mumba

Mutauri Weimba

Mukuru mukuru anotungamirira ndiye mukurukuri weImba, anosarudzwa nenhengo dzayo.Mukurukuri ndiye nzvimbo ine simba zvikurusa muImba uye wechipiri mumutsara wokutevedzana kwapurezidhendi pashure poMutungamiriri wePurezidhendi. MuScoumer anowanzova mutezo mukuru webato revoruzhinji uye anosarudzwa neImba yakazara pamavambo eDare idzva rimwe nerimwe.

Mabasa eMutauri namasimba anobatanidza:

  • Kutarisira zvirongwa zvepaimba uye kuchengeta kurongeka panharo
  • Kunongedzera zvikwereti kumatare akakodzera
  • Kugadza nhengo kuti dzisarudze matare emisangano
  • Kudzora gadziriro yomutemo ndokusarudza kuti zvikwereti zvipi zvinouya pauriri nokuda kwokuvhota
  • Kushanda semunhu anozivikanwa nevanhu uye mutauriri weimba
  • Kuita basa rinokosha mukukurukurirana neDare, Purezidhendi, uye vamwe vatungamiriri vezvematongerwe enyika

Kukura uye Kutungamirira Kuduku

Mitemo yeImba inowanzotaura nezvegadziriro yezvikamu zviviri, ine boka revoruzhinji muhurumende, uye boka duku rinoshora. Necheshure kweSpeaker, vose vari vaviri mapoka mazhinji nemaduku vakasarudza vatungamiriri vokuwedzera kutungamirira zvirongwa zvavo uye nzira yomutemo.

Boka guru rinosarudza Majority Mutungamiriri, uyo anobatira somutezo wechipiri webato revoruzhinji uye anobetsera Mutauri mukutungamirira rudungwe rwemitemo negadziriro yebato. Boka ruzhinji rinosarudzawo Majornity Wip, uyo ane mutoro wokuverenga vhoti nokuvimbisa mitezo yebato inotsigira zvinoiswa pakutanga nemitemo youtungamiriri.

Boka duku rinosarudza Mutungamiriri muduku, anobatira somukuru wechishoro uye anotungamirira nhamburiko dzebato vashomanene kupesvedzera mitemo nemitemo inovapo. Boka duku rinewo Muduku Anoita mabasa okuvhota nemutezo nokuda kwebato raro.

Kuungana Kweboka Nemisangano

Mubato mumwe nomumwe unochengeta caucus (Democrats) kana kuti musangano (Republicans) unobatanidza mitezo yose yebato muImba. Masangano aya anosangana nguva dzose kukurukura gadziriro, utungamiriri hunosarudzwa, uye kuita zvisarudzo pamusoro pemigove yedare nenzvimbo dzemapati pamutemo. Misangano nemisangano zvinoita mabasa anokosha mukuumba mubato uye gadziriro yomutemo.

Gadziriro Yomutemo Muimba

Kuva Kunoita Bhiri

Kushandiswa kwemari inobhadharwa kuva mutemo muImba kunobatanidza matanho akawanda, rimwe nerimwe rakagadzirirwa kuva nechokwadi chokusanorangarirwa nekurukurirano:

[[FT.: 0] Inkunguro: Mutezo upi noupi weImba unogona kutanga mutezo kupfurikidza nokuupa kuClerk yeImba. Chibvumirano chinogamuchira nhamba (H.R. nokuda kwezvikwereti zveDzimba) uye chinonongedzerwa kudare rakafanira rakavakirwa panhau yaro.

Committee Anakisi: Dare rinohwirudzura mutengi, ringagona kuva nenzwi rokuunganidza mashoko nemirangariro. Dare ringagadzirisa mutengi mukati mepurogiramu dzekudzosa uye ipapo rivhota kuti richaushuma zvakanaka kuImba yakazara. Zvikwereti zvizhinji zvinofa mudare ndokusatongogamuchirazve kurangarirwa.

Komiti: nokuda kwemutemo unokosha zvikurusa, bhoti inofanira kupinda muDare reMitemo, iro rinosarudza kurukurirano pauriri hweImba, kubatanidza kuti inguvai ichagoverwa nokuda kwekurukurirano uye kana kugadziriswa kuchigona kupiwa.

[ Nharo: Mutengo unokurukurwa pauriri hweImba mukuwirirana nemirairo yakatangwa neDare reMitemo. Mitezo inogona kutaura nokuda kana kuti kupesana nemutemo, uye gadziridzo dzingapiwa ndokuvhoterwa pahwaro pakurukurirano yomutemo.

Kuvhota: Pashure pokunge kurukurirano yaguma, Imba inovhota papepa. Voruzhinji vakapfava vaavo varipo navanovhota vanodikanirwa kuti vapfuure. Imba inoshandisa mitoo inoverengeka yokuvhota nayo, kubatanidza vhoti dzenzwi, mavhoti eboka, uye vhoti dzakarekodwa.

[ Kurangarira: Kana Imba ikapasa mutemo, inoenda kuDare nokuda kwokurangarira. Dare rinofanira kupfuudza shanduro yakafanana yomutemo kuti ipfuurire kuna Purezidhendi.

Predésitive Action: Kana makamuri ose ari maviri achipfuura shanduro dzakafanana dzegweta, anoenda kuna Purezidhendi, anogona kurisaina mumutemo, kuirega kuva mutemo pasina kusaina pashure pamazuva gumi (kana Musangano uri murusando).

Miitiro Nemitemo Chaiyo

Imba inoshanda mumirau yakaoma uye miitiro inodzora marangarire emitemo. Iyi mitemo inogona kuva netapuro huru kuti zvikweretii zvinogamuchirwa sei uye kuti zvinokurukurwa sei. Vazhinji, kupfurikidza nokudzora kwavo Mitemo Komiti nehofisi yeScoumer, vanodzora zvikuru gadziriro yemitemo nepurogiramu.

Mimwe mingava inorangarirwa pasi pe "kudzorwa kwemirau," muitiro unoshandiswa nokuda kwemutemo usiri wewirirano uyo unoda vhoti yezvitatu zviviri nokuda kwokupfuura asi ganhuriro yekurukurirano neganhuriro. Mimwe mitero ingarangarirwa mumirau chaiyo iyo kurukurirano yegadziriro munzira dzakananga kupfavisa kana kuti kuvimbisa nhau dzakati kuti dzinokurukurwa.

Kumirira uye Kuitira Vamwe Mabasa

Basa Romumiriri

Mitezo yeImba inoshanda mabasa maviri: ivo vaiti vemitemo vanotora rutivi mukugadzira muitiro worudzi, uye vamiriri vanotsigira fariro dzakananga dzeruwa rwavo nezvinodikanwa. Kudzikamisa aya mabasa kunoda kuti mitezo irambe yakabatana neyayo ichifungawo fariro dzorudzi.

Vamiriri vanowanzotarisira mahofisi muWashington, D.C., uye mumaruwa avo. mahofisi eruwa anobvumira mitezo kugara ichisvikwa nemitezo yemibatanidzwa yenharaunda nehurukuro dzenhau dzomunzvimbomo, nepo mahofisi avo eWashington anovagonesa kutora rutivi mumibato yemitemo nebasa redare.

Basa Rinogutsa

Chikamu chinokosha chebasa romumiririri chinobatanidza kubetsera vamiririri kuti varave masangano ehurumende nepurogiramu.

  • Kubatsira Kuchengetedza Vanhu Kana Kuti Kurapa
  • Kubatsira varwi kuti vakwanise kuwana zvinhu zvinovabatsira
  • Kupedza zvinetso nemasangano ehurumende
  • Kupa mashoko nezvemapurogiramu ehurumende uye mabasa
  • Kubatsira panyaya dzokutama
  • Vari kubatsira kunzwisisa mutemo womubatanidzwa uye mitemo

Mabasa aya anobatsira kuvaka ukama pakati pevamiririri nevanhu vavanoshumira, nepo achipawo mhinduro inokosha pamusoro pokuti mitemo nemapurogiramu ehurumende zviri kushanda sei.

Kurukurirano Navaitaurirana

Vamiririri vazvino uno vanoshandisa mitoo yakasiana - siana kukurukura nokunzwa kubva kuvamiriri vavo:

  • [[FLT :0] Misangano yeHoro dzakazviwanira: ruzhinji apo vamiriri vanogona kubvunza mibvunzo ndokuratidzira itiro hanya zvakananga kumumiriri wavo
  • [[FUNDO:0] Maawa eHofisi dzeMaruwa: nguva dzakarongwa apo vamiriri vanogona kusangana nemitezo yomumiriri kana kuti vashandi
  • Newslates and Email Update:[ kurukurirano yenguva dzose pamusoro pemibato yemitemo namashoko oruwa
  • [ Sacial Media:[ Platforms se Twitter, Facebook, uye Instagram inobvumira vamiriri kugoverana mashoko uye kubatanidzwa neadition munguva chaiyoiyo
  • [[[Nto:0] Horo dzeTown: Misangano inobvumira vagari kutora rutivi vachibva kumba
  • [[[Nhamba] Zvishandiso neMabhonzo: zvokuyera pfungwa panhau dzakati

Imba Mugadziriro Yemakeja Nedzikamo

Vane Simba Rinotungamirira

Imba inoita basa rinokosha mukunzvera simba rebazu guru kupfurikidza nemiitiro inoverengeka. Chiremera charo chinobvumira matare kunzvera mibato yebazu rapamusoro, vakuru vakuru vanotarisira, uye kukumbira magwaro nechipupuriro. Simba rechikwama / Chikwama cheNzvimbo yeSango pamari inoshandiswa nehurumende inopa simba rinokosha kupfuura zvinokosha zvebazu ravakuru vakuru nepurogiramu.

Kupfurikidza negadziriro yokuronga, Imba inogona kutsigira kana kuti kubvisa basa ramahofisi makuru, richiumba zvinobudirira izvo bazu guru rinogona uye risingagoni kuita.

Ukama Nedare

Imba neDare zvinofanira kushanda pamwe chete kusvitsa mutemo, kugadzira gadziriro yebucameral nedzikamo. Makamuri maviri kazhinji kazhinji ane mirangariro yakasiana panhau dzemiitiro, anoratidzira zvivako zvawo zvakasiana nenzvimbo. Imba, namazita ayo mapfupi uye kuratidzirwa kwavagari vemo, inoratidzika kuva inogamuchira zvikuru kumurangariro wavose wapakarepo, nepo Dare, namashoko marefu zvikuru nomufananidzo wenyika wakaenzana, kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji inoita mutoo wokubvisa nawo.

Apo makamuri maviri anopfuudza shanduro dzakasiana dzemitemo imwe cheteyo, vanofanira kuyanana misiyano kupfurikidza nedare remusangano kana kuti kupfurikidza nomuitiro wokugadziridza nokudzokororwa. Ichi chinodikanwa chebvumirano yebhidamal chinovimbisa kuti mutemo unowana kurangarirwa kwakakwana mumifungo mizhinji usati wava mutemo.

Kupindira Nebazu Rokutonga

Kunyange zvazvo Imba ine batano yakananga nebazu rinotonga kupfuura nomukuru mukuru, ichiri kuita mabasa anokosha pamusoro pematare.Imba inotora rutivi mukupiwa mutongo wavatongi vomuhurumende, ichigovera chekero pamufambiro usina kururama wedare.

Matambudziko Nenharo Zviripo Iye Zvino

Chikamu uye Chikamu Choruwa

Imwe nyaya iri kuramba ichikurukurwa ine chokuita nokuti vamiririri 435 vanokwanisa here kuva nerudzi rwevanhu vanopfuura mamiriyoni 330, uye mumiririri mumwe nomumwe iye zvino ava kushanda paavhareji yevanhu vanopfuura 760 000, vamwe vanoti Imba inofanira kuwedzerwa kuti ive nani pakumiririra uye pakuwanikwa kwayo.

Ukuru hwakatsiga hweImba hunotapurawo Electoral College, sezvo vhoti dzehurumende imwe neimwe dzichienzana nenhamba yadzo yakabatanidzwa yavamiriri navamiriri. Chinjo kugovana Mumba naizvozvo dzine revo dzinopfuura kumirira kwourongwa.

Kuchinja Kunoita Kudenga

Imba yacho yakava nokuparadzaniswa kunowedzera mumakumi amakore achangobva kupfuura aya, nemitezo yemapoka makuru maviri okuvhota mumativi ebato nguva dzose zvikuru uye kuwana chikonzero chiduku chinowirirana panhau dzemitemo. Uku kubatana kwenyika imwe kunogona kuita kuti kubatira pamwe kwebipartis kuve kwakaoma uye kungabetsera kurongazve mitemo panhau dzenharo.

Zvinokonzera kuparara kwenyika dzinogara dziripo zvakaoma uye zvinokakavadzana, kusanganisira zvinhu zvakadai semaitiro okuchinja mamiriro ezvinhu, kuchinja kwokushandiswa kwezvinobudisa nhau, uye kupesana kukuru kwenzanga netsika.

Kuderedza Nokuderedza Magariro

Vatsoropodzi vanoti maruwa anotora magungano anenge aita kuti pave nenharo, anotora miganhu yemaruwa anenge achiratidza kuti pane vamwe uye anoita kuti pave nezvigaro zvakakotsekana apo vamiririri vanokwikwidzana zvishoma.

Kuchinja kwakasiyana - siyana kwakakarakadzwa kukurukura masangano anoongorora madhipatimendi azvimirira uye masvomhu enzvimbo dzinodhirowa. Kukakavadzana pamusoro pemiitiro yokuchinja zvinhu kuri kuramba kuchiumba kukurukurirana pamusoro pemienzaniso uye musiyano.

Mari Nemitongo Zvenhimbe

Mumakore achangopfuura, kumhanya kweCongress kwakawedzera zvikuru, kunetseka pamusoro pesimba remari mune zvematongerwe enyika uye kana gadziriro yezvemari yenhimbe ichiparira mhinganidzo dzokupinda kwevanoda kusarudzwa.Makore maviri okusarudza kunoreva kuti nhengo dzeDzimba dzinofanira kuramba dzichitsigira mari, izvo vanotsoropodza vanopikisa zvinovhiringidza basa remitemo uye basa rokutonga.

Nzira Iyo Vagari Vanogona Kuita Nayo Mumba

Kuonana Nomumiriri Wako

Imwe nzira yakananga zvikurusa yokuita nayo neImba ndeyokuonana nomumiriri wako. Unogona kuwana mumiriri wako achishandisa maturusi apaIndaneti anopiwa neIndare yeVamiririri pawww.house.gov[. Kana wangoziva mumiririri wako, unogona kusvika:

  • [ Phone:[ Kuridza Washington, D.C., hofisi kana kuti hofisi yoruwa kuti itaure mirangariro yako pamusoro pemitemo kana kuti betsero yekukumbira
  • Email kana kuti ONUTS formations: Vamiriri vazhinjisa vanochengeta mawebsite ane zvimiro zvekurukurirano
  • [[[Nzira:0] Tsamba dzeWritten: Tsamba dzamagamuchidzanwa dzichiri nzira inobudirira yokukurukura nayo itiro hanya dzine udzame kana kuti nzvimbo
  • SOCIAL Media:[ Vamiriri vazhinji vanotarisira nhau dzavo dzesociation ndokupindura kumashoko anobatanidzwa
  • [ Mumisangano yePersance: misangano yokukumbira mukati menhambo dzebasa roruwa apo vamiriri vanenge vari pamba vachibva Washington

Kugoverana muHoro dzeGuta Nenzvimbo Dzavose

Misangano yehoro yeguta nenzvimbo dzenzvimbo dzavose zvinogovera mikana yokubatanidzwa zvakananga nenhume yako navamwe vamiriri. Izvi zvinoitika zvinokubvumira kubvunza mibvunzo, kutaura zvinonetsa, uye kunzwa nzvimbo dzomumiriri wako panhau. Zvinoratidzawo kumiririra nhau dzine chokuita zvikuru nedzadzokwavo.

Kupupurira Pamberi Pamatare

Matare edzimba anogara achitonga mitemo nenhau dzemitemo, uye anowanzokoka uchapupu hwepachena. Kana une unyanzvi kana kuti ruzivo runokosha kubasa redare, ungakwanisa kupupurira uye kutsigira gadziriro yomutemo. Kunyange kana usingapupuri mumunhu, matare akawanda anogamuchira mashoko akanyorwa nokuda kwechinyorwa chacho.

Mubato Womutemo Unotevera

Kuziva zviri kuitwa neImba yacho kunokosha kuti vanhu vagarisane zvakanaka.

  • Group.gov: Website yapamutemo yokuronda mutemo womubatanidzwa, mibato yedare, uye zvinyorwa zvedare
  • C-SPAGE: Inogovera kufukidzwa kupenyu kwezvinoitika zveimba nekutonga kwedare
  • [[FORT:0] Imba.gov:[ Website yeImba ine mashoko pamusoro pemitezo, matare, uye miitiro
  • Kommittee Website: Matare mamwe namamwe anochengeta mawebsite ane mashoko pamusoro pemibato yawo, misauriro, uye mutemo
  • [[FLT]New Media: Manyuko enhau anotanhamarika anogovera kufukidzwa nokuongororwa kwemibato yesangano
  • Govtrack: Website yakazvimirira pa www.govrack.us iyo inoshandisa mutemo uye inogovera maturusi nokuda kwomubato wesangano

Kubatsira uye Kuita Basa

Kusarudza kunoitwa mumba kunopa vamiririri vechechi mikana yokuti vamiririri vavo vazvidavirire uye kuti vatungamirire padare.

Kugona Kudya Nemakwenzi

Vagari vemo vanogona kukumbanira kana kutsigira masangano ezveunyengeri anoshanda panhau dzavanoitira hanya, kutora rutivi munhimbe dzouswa dzokuvaka tsigiro kana kuti chishoro kumitemo, uye kutsinhirana navamwe vamiriri kupa mashoko akabatana kuvamiririri.

Kunzwisisa Karenda Yomutemo

Kunzwisisa karenda iyi kunogona kukubatsira kuti unyatsokwanisa kuvimbisana. Vamiririri vanowanzosvika panguva dzebasa roruwa, asi kutaura navo pamisangano mikuru yemitemo kunogona kubatsira kuvhota mavhota avo pazvikwereti zvakati.

Basa Reimba Munzvimbo Dzikuru Dzemiitiro

Muitiro Wemari Nebhajeti

Imba inoita basa guru mumitemo yehurumende yehurumende yemitemo pamusoro pezvikwereti zvemari uye kubatanidzwa kwayo mumiitiro yemari uye miitiro yokuronga.Imba Imba inoronga zvisarudzo zvemari zvinoronga kushandiswa kwose nokushandiswa kwemari, nepo Dare reApprogriations rinosarudza mwero chaiyo yemari yemasangano ehurumende nemapurogiramu.

Chiremera chemari chinopa pesvedzero huru paImba pamusoro pezvinhu zvenyika. Zvisarudzo pamusoro pemitero, mari, uye mamiriro emari ehurumende, mabasa ehurumende, uye utano hwemari yenyika. Muitiro wemari yegore negore ndimumwe wemitoro inokosha zvikurusa neinokakavadzana yeImba.

Kuchengeteka Kwenyika Yose Nokuzvidzivirira

Kupfurikidza nematare akadai seAdmineal Services, Intelligence, and Homeland Security, Imba inotungamirira gadziriro yechengeteko yenyika uye inobvumira kushandiswa kwedziviriro.Imba inofanira kudzikamisa kugovera zvinhu zvakakwana zvokudzivirira zvorudzi nomutoro wakakwana nokutarisira mabasa ehondo nemibato youchenjeri.

Basa reImba muchengeteko yenyika rinobatanidza kubvumira mabasa ehondo, kutungamirira masangano akangwara, uye kuva nechokwadi chokuti mari inodzivirira inobatira fariro dzorudzi nenzira inobudirira. Iri basa rinoda mitezo kubata mashoko akaganhurirwa ndokuita zvisarudzo zvinogona kuva nemiuyo youpenyu norufu.

Muitiro Wokutarisira Utano

Imba inoita basa guru mugadziriro yokutarisira utano kupfurikidza namatare ane simba pamusoro peMedicare, Medicaid, Affordal Care Act, purogiramu dzoutano hwavanhu, uye mirau yezvoutano. Kurangarira ikoko kwoutano kunomirira rutivi runokosha rwemari yehurumende uye inotapura muAmerica ari wose, zvisarudzo zvedzimba pamusoro pomuitiro woutano zvine revo huru.

Kugadziridzwa Kwemari Nemari

Komiti yeSangano reMari reHouse inotarisira gadziriro yebhangi, misika yokuchengetesa chikwereti, masangano edzimba, uye mirayiridzo yeinishuwarenzi. Dare raMajeresa neFract rinobata miraudzo yemitero, inoumba kurudziro dzemari nemari yehurumende. Basa iri rinotapura kukura kwemari, mari, uye kugoverwa kwepfuma.

Mitemo Yenzanga Nekodzero Dzevagari Vemo

Dare rezvemagariro evanhu rinobata kodzero dzakawanda dzevanhu uye nyaya dzokutama - tama, kusanganisira dzidzo, kodzero dzevanhu, kutama, ruramisiro yemagariro evanhu uye purogiramu dzenzanga.

Muitiro Wemhoteredzo Nesimba

Kuburikidza nematare akadai seEnergy and Commerce and Natural Resources, imba yacho inoumba mitemo yokudzivirira mhoteredzo, kugadzirwa kwesimba, uye maitiro ekuchinja kwemamiriro okunze.

Kushanduka - shanduka Kwenhau Nokubudirira Kwemasangano

Kukura Nokuchinja Nokufamba Kwenguva

Sezvo nyika yacho yakawedzera nokuwedzera kwenyika uye kuwedzera kwevagari vemo, Imba yakakura kuti imiririre nyika itsva uye vanhu vari kuwedzera. Sangano racho rakaumbawo mitemo yakaoma, maitiro, uye masangano okutarisira basa raro riri kuwedzera uye kuva nhengo dzaro.

Kuchinja kukuru kwakachinja nguva nenguva imba, kubatanidza Legislative Reorganisation Acts of 1946 ne 1970, iyo yakabatanidza gadziriro yedare nokushanda kwesangano kwazvino uno. Uku kuchinja kwakaratidzira zvinodikanwa zvinochinja nedenho zvakatarisana nesangano racho.

Kuchinja Musimba Nokurovedza

Simba rachinja munguva ichangopfuura. Mukutanga kwezana remakore rechi20, vatauri vane simba saJoseph Cannon vakashandisa udzori hwekudzora imba. Chinjo muna 1910-1911 dzakaderedza simba romuShoundi ndokuparadzira chiremera zvakafara zvikuru. Mumakumi amakore achangopfuura, utungamiriri hwebato hwakavazve nesimba guru pamusoro pomutemo.

Kunyange zvazvo matare achine chokuita nemitemo, vatungamiriri vebato zvino vanodzora zvikuru mabasa ematare uye migumisiro yemitemo kupfuura munguva dzakatangira.

Kuchinja Kwezvigadzirwa Nenzanga

Imba yakachinja kuchinja kweruzivo rwokugadzira zvinhu kwakachinja mashandiro ainoita uye matauriro ainoita.

Kuchinja kwenzanga kwakachinjawo kugadzirwa kweImba. Sangano racho razova rakasiyana zvikuru nokufamba kwenguva, nenhamba dzinowedzera dzevakadzi, vanhu vashoma vemadzinza nemadzinza, uye nhengo dzemamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana - siyana dzinobatira muCongress. Kusiyana uku kuri kuwedzera kwakaunza mifungo mitsva uye zvinhu zvinokosha kumuitiro wemitemo.

Kuenzanisa Imba Nemimwe Mitumbi Yacho

Mibatanidzwa yedzimba.

Imba inosiana neDare munzira huru dzinoverengeka. Imba yakakura, nemitezo 435 inoenzaniswa ne 100 vavhoti. Mitezo yeimba inobatira mashoko egore maviri apo vamiririri vanobatira mashoko egore matanhatu. Imba inorongwa zvikuru, noutungamiriri hwebato hwakasimba zvikuru nemitemo inoganhurira zvikuru inodzora kurukurirano. Dare rinobvumira mitezo mimwe nemiitiro yakadai sechiberekeko uye kuchengeta mutemo.

Iyi misiyano inoratidzira vavariro yavatangi yokugadzira makamuri maviri ane mabhii akasiyana- siyana,() Imba semubati mukuru, kamuri rinogamuchira, uye Dare sechikamu chinorerutsa zvikuru, chakatsiga. Makamuri ose ari maviri anofanira kubvumirana pamusoro pomutemo, kugadzira gadziriro yemichero nechiyero.

Kuenzanisa Kwakaitwa Munyika Dzakawanda

Imba yaVamiriri yeU.S. inogoverana mavara akati nedzimba dzakaderera mudzimwe hurumende dzinosarudzwa navanhu, zvakadai seBritish House of Commons kana kuti Canadian House of Commons, asi inewo mativi akasiana. Gadziriro yeDare reDzimba reU. inosanokudziridzwa zvikuru kana ichienzaniswa nedzimwe mirairo dzakawanda. Ukuru hwakagadzwa hweImba negadziriro yoruwa yemitezo imwe inosianisa migariro inoshandisa miraudzo yemwe.

Nguva Yemberi Yeimba Yevamiririri

Kuchinja Kungaitika uye Kuchinja

Kuchinja kwakasiyana - siyana kwakakarakadzwa kupedza zvinetso zvakatarisana neImba yacho, zvinosanganisira:

  • Kukudza ukuru hweImba kuti vawedzere kumirira
  • Kuchinja magadzirirwo ezvirongwa zvokuderedza kugadziriswa kwemvura
  • Kuchinja mitemo yemari yezvirongwa zvokutsigira mari kuti ideredze kupesvedzera kwemari mune zvematongerwe enyika
  • Kugadzirisa mitemo yepaimba kuti ikurudzire kushandira pamwe kwepartina
  • Kuvandudza kujeka uye kuwana mashoko emitemo
  • Kurambidza mitemo yetsika nokutarisira
  • Ruzivo rwokugadzira zvinhu rwazvino uno nepfuma

Kuti kuchinja uku kungaitwa sei uye kuti kungaitwa sei, zvinoramba zvichiitwa nenharo uye kukurukurirana kwezvematongerwe enyika.

Kujairana Nematambudziko Matsva

Imba yacho inotarisana nezvinetso muzana remakore rechi21, kusanganisira kugadzirisa nhau dzenyika dzakadai sokuchinja kwemamiriro okunze uye kusachengeteka kwemakombiyuta, kuchinja kwokugadzira zvinhu nokukurumidza, kuchinja kwezvirongwa zvemagariro evanhu, uye kuramba vanhu vachivimba nemasangano ehurumende inosarudzwa nevanhu.

Kukosha Kwokubatanidzwa Muchibvumirano Chokuberekana

Nguva yemberi yeImba pakupedzisira inotsamira pabvumirano yehurumende yavagari vemo vakaziva. Ubati ushe hwehurumende hune utano hunoda vagari vanonzwisisa kuti hurumende yavo inoshanda sei, vanotora rutivi sei musarudzo, vanoita kuti vamiririri vazvidavirire, uye vanopinda nenzira inovaka munharo dzavose pamusoro penhau dzemitemo. Kupfurikidza nokudzidza pamusoro peImba yavamiriri uye kutora rutivi mumuitiro wehurumende yehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu, vagari vemo vanogona kubetsera kuva nechokwadi chokuti iyi gadziriro inokosha inopfuurira kubatira donzo rayo rebumbiro remitemo rokumirira vanhu veAmerica.

Kupedzisa: Imba Sedare Ravanhu

Imba yavamiriri inobatanidza nheyo yehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu inomirira iri pakati pehurumende yeAmerica. Sezvo kamuri rinozvidavirira zvakananga zvikurusa kuvanhu, nemitezo inosarudzwa makore maviri ari ose kubva mumaruwa murudzi, Imba inobatira senzira huru yokushandurira vanhu nokuda kwechido chehurumende. masimba ayo pamusoro pomutemo, mutero, mari, uye tarisiro anoiita rutivi runokosha rwegadziriro yechekedzo nedzikamo zvinodzivirira rusununguko rweAmerica nehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu.

Kunzwisisa chivako cheImba, masimba, miitiro, uye basa mugadziriro yehurumende yakafara($M) vagari vemo kuti vatsive nenzira inobudirira zvikuru muhurumende inosarudzwa navanhu. Kungave kupfurikidza nokuvhota, kusangana navamiriri, kutevera nharo dzemitemo, kana kuti kupinda mukusatendeseka, vagari vemo vanoziva vanogona kupesvedzera basa reImba uye kubetsera kuumba mitemo inotapura upenyu hwavo nenzanga.

Imba yavamiriri haisati iri sangano riri kure, risinganzwisisiki asi panzvimbo pezvo mutumbi unoumbwa navamiriri vanosarudzwa vanoshanda ndokupindura vanhu veAmerica. Kupfurikidza nokugara vakaziviswa, vakabatana, uye vachishingaira mumuitiro wehurumende yehurumende yehurumende yeruzhinji, vagari vemo vanogona kuva nechokwadi chokuti Imba inopfuurira kuita basa rayo rebumbiro remitemo sekamuri ravanhu muhurumende yeAmerica. Simba rehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu yeAmerica rinotsamira pavagari veAmerica vanonzwisisa hurumende yavo uye vanoshandisa kodzero dzavo nemitoro sevatori rutivi mumuitiro wehurumende yedemocracy.

Nokuda kwamashoko akawanda pamusoro peImba yaVamiriri, shanyira nzvimbo yepaIndaneti yepamutemo pa www.house.gov, mutemo wokuronga pawww.confor.gov, kana kuti nzvera zviwanikwa zvedzidzo pamusoro peCongress pawww.visit thecapitol.gov.