Kunzwisisa Matanho Ehurumende: Ndiani Ari Kutonga Apo Njodzi Inorova?

Kunzwisisa Matanho Ehurumende: Ndiani Ari Kutonga Apo Njodzi Inorova?

Njodzi dzinongoitika dzoga, njodzi dzoutano, uye njodzi dzakakura hadziremekedzi miganhu yehurumende. Kana dutu rikaputsa nyika, magetsi anopisa, magetsi anopararira munzanga, kana kuti denda rinopararira munyika yose, mubvunzo wokuti ndiani ane chiremera uye mutoro unokurumidza kukurumidza kukurumidza. Mhinduro yacho haiwanzova nyore. Tsinhiro yenjodzi muUnited States inobatanidza dare rakarongwa nokungwarira rehurumende, hurumende, uye hurumende dzomunzvimbomo, imwe neimwe ine zviremera zvapamutemo, pfuma, uye mitoro. Kunzwisisa kuti mwero iyi yehurumende yokushandira pamwe chete inokosha sei nokuda kwavakuru vakuru vakuru vezvinhu, vakuru vakuru venzanga, uye vagari vemo vemo vemo vakafanana. Apo munhu wose anoziva basa ravo uye anonzwisisa nhevedzano yemiraudzo, kuita chimwe chinhu, zvinobatanidzwa nokukurumidza, uye zvinobudirira zvikuru pakuchengetedza zvinhu uye mabasa.

Gadziriro inodzora mhinduro yengwavaira muUnited States inovakirwa panheyo yehurumende, umo simba rinogoverwa pakati pehurumende dzenyika nehurumende. Stafford Act, gadziriro yapamutemo yokutanga nokuda kwebetsero yengwavaira yehurumende, inotanga muitiro unovamba pamwero womunzvimbomo uye unowedzera bedzi apo zvishandiso zvomunzvimbomo nedzehurumende zvichakurirwa. Iyi nzira yakaderera inova nechokwadi chokuti nzanga dzinochengeta tarisiro dzadzo dzimene nepo dzichiva netsigiro yehurumende apo inenge ichidikanwa. Zvisinei, kuoma kwetsika ino inogona kutungamirira kunyonganiso, kunonotsa, uye kuendesana kwakaipa kana mativi ose asina kugadzirirwa zvakanaka uye kuwiriranwa zvakanaka. Nyaya ino ichanzvera mwero mumwe nomumwe wehurumende muudzame, inonzvera sei kuti iwirirane njodzi mukati menjodzi, uye zvidzidzo zvikuru munjodzi dzakaita kuti zvive zvamatoko agadzirirwa.

Nha. Yomunzvimbomo: Vagamuchiri Vokutanga Nechiremera Chokutanga

Hurumende yomunzvimbomo ndiyo nhambo yengwavaira. Apo dutu rinosvika pasi, kurasika kwamakemikoro kunoitika, kana kuti mafashamo anotanga kukwira, idhipatimendi remapurisa romunzvimbomo, redzimidzo, mabasa ekurumidziro, uye vashandi vamabasa avose vanogamuchira kutanga. Masangano aya ari pedyo zvikuru nechinoitika, anoziva nzanga nehuvato dzayo, uye anorovedzwa kuita chiito nokukurumidza pasina kumirira mvumo inobva kumwero yakakwirira yehurumende. Muzvinoitika zvizhinjisaidzo, hurumende yomunzvimbomo inoramba iri chiremera chinotungamirira mukuita nokunayazve kwose, kunyange apo hurumende nezvishandiso zvehurumende zvinoumbirwa kuti zvibetsere.

Mabasa Ehurumende Yomunzvimbomo

Mitoro chaiyo yehurumende yomunzvimbomo mukati mengwavaira yakafara uye inoshanda zvikuru. Chokutanga, mabasa ekurumidziro omunzvimbomo ane mutoro wekushanda kwokukotsekana kwoupenyu nokukurumidza. Mapurisa akachengeteka nharaunda dzakatapurwa, motokari dzakananga, uye nhevedzano. Vadzimi vomwoto vanonzvera nokudzima njodzi, uye vane moto unodzima. Varapi vekurumidziro vanorapa nokutakura avo vanoda mwero mikuru yetarisiro.

Kupfuura mhinduro yapakarepo, hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzine mutoro wekugadzirira nzanga neganhuriro. Ikoku kunobatanidza kutanga nokuchengeta gadziriro dzekurumidziro dzakajeka, kurovedza nokurovedza nguva dzose, kudzidzisa vanhu pamusoro penzira dzokutiza nenzvimbo dzokuvanda, uye kuisa mabumbiro okuvaka akagadzirirwa kuderedza ngozi dzomusikirwo. Hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzinotarisirawo gadziriro dzenyevero, dzakadai seheel, dzinodzosa runhare 911, uye mhevero dzekurumidziro dzisingashandiswi, idzo dzinogovera mashoko anokosha kuvagari vemo pamberi uye mukati mengwavaira.

Vakuru vakuru vomunzvimbomo vakasarudzwa, vakadai sameya nemitezo yedare reguta, vanoita basa guru mukuita zvisarudzo nekurukurirano yavose. Vane chiremera chokupa mirairo yokubvisa, kutanga nguva dzokusvika panguva, zvivako zvakazaruka, uye kukumbira betsero yehurumende. Kurukurirano inoshanda inobva kuvatungamiriri vomunzvimbomo inokosha kuchengeta chivimbo chavanhu uye kuva nechokwadi chokuti vagari vemo vanoita zviito zvokudzivirira. Apo vakuru vakuru vomunzvimbomo vanogovera zvakajeka, panguva yakafanira, uye mashoko akarurama, vanhu vose sezvingabvira zvikuru vanowirirana nemirairo yokubudisisa uye mimwe mirairo yokudzivirira.

Kuganhurirwa Kwokukwanisa Kuitwa Kwomunzvimbomo

Hurumende dzomunzvimbomo nepo dziri dzokutanga kupindura, hadzina kushongedzerwa nguva dzose kubata ngwavaira huru padziri dzoga. Mataundi maduku namaruwa angava nenhamba dzakaganhurirwa dzavadzimi vomoto, vakuru vakuru vemapurisa, uye vashandi vezvokurapa vekurumidziro. Zvinhu zvakadai semidziyo inorema yokununura, gadziriro dzekurukurirano, uye motokari dzinoshanda zvinoda kushandira zviripo zvingava zvishoma. Kana njodzi inopfuura simba romunzvimbomo, hurumende yomunzvimbomo inofanira kukumbira betsero kubva pamwero wenyika. Uku kudzorwa idikatemwa uye inokarirwa yegadziriro yokutarisira njodzi, uye inoparira muitiro wakarongwa wokugovera mari nerongamira mibato inounza mano okuwedzera kutakura.

Nyika: Kubatana, Zviwanikwa, uye Chiremera

Hurumende inobatira sebhiriji rinotsoropodza pakati penzanga dzomunzvimbomo nezviwanikwa zvehurumende. Apo ngwavaira inokurira nzvimbo yomunzvimbomo, hurumende inoita basa rokubatira pamwe netsigiro iro rinokosha kuchengetedza nhevedzano uye kuvimbisa kuti mari iende kunzvimbo yainodikanwa zvikurusa. Gavhuna ndiye mukuru mukuru wedavidzo yengwavaira yehurumende, akabata chiremera chapamutemo mumutemo wehurumende neStafford Act kuti zviite zvishande izvo hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzisingagoni. [

[[FLT]] [Masimba eGavhu neHurumende yeEmetermeter - reNment [F] [FLT] [[FLT]] [i] [chi] chinoshandiswa zvikuru] nagate namambo mudavi renjodzi ikumbiro yemhiviro yechamupitiswokuzivisa mugariro wengozi. Ichi chiziviso chiziviso chinozivisa chiziviso chehurumende chapamutemo uye chidzo chakasimba mumugariro wapamutemo kuti chishandukire mumirire kuti chipfuure kupfurikidza nemute mamiriro ezvinhu adzo.

Hurumende imwe neimwe inochengeta sangano rayo imene rokutarisira njodzi, iro riri dare guru rinoronga nokuda kwedavidzo yengwavaira pamwero wenyika. Masangano aya, akadai seHofisi yaGavhuna weCalifornia yeEmergency Service (Cal OES) kana kuti Texas Division of Emergency Management Management (TDEM), ane mutoro wokutanga nokuchengeta gadziriro dzekurumidziro dzehurumende, kutarisira nzvimbo yezvokukurumidzira, kubatana nehurumende dzomunzvimbomo, uye kukumbira nokuparadzira pfuma kuhurumende. Makambani anotarisira mamiriro ezvinhu ekurumidziro ekurumidziro anotungamirirawo anotungamirira kurovedza nokurovedza vanamakurukota vomunzvimbomo uye kugovera betsero yezvoruzivo rwemipidhina yeyamuro.

Kubatanidzwa Kwemanyuko Neyamuro Pamwe Chete

Rimwe remabasa anokosha zvikuru ehurumende panguva yenjodzi isangano rehurumende rinobatsira vanhu pakubatsira. Kana hurumende ichikumbira rubatsiro, sangano rinotarisira njodzi rinoshanda kuti rizadze chikumbiro ichocho kubva kupfuma dzehurumende kana kuti kupfurikidza nezvibvumirano zvokuyamurana nezvimwe nyika. Emergency Management Intective Consolation Confictive (EMAC) chibvumirano chinokosha zvikuru chehurumende chinobvumira nyika kugoverana vashandi, midziyo, uye migove panguva yenjodzi. EMAC yave ichishandiswa zvikuru mudututututututu, njodzi, uye zvimwe zviitiko zvikuru, zvichigonesa kutumira masangano anodzima moto, vatarisiri vezvokurapa, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvokurapa kuti zviparadzike nharaunda nokukurumidza uye zvinobudirira.

Hurumende dzinoitawo basa rinokosha mukutarisira mashoko avose panjodzi. Masangano ehurumende anotarisira njodzi anowanzoshandisa nzvimbo dzinobatanidza mashoko dzinobatanidza nyika dzakasiyana - siyana nemasangano. Izvi zvinovimbisa kuti vanhu vanogamuchira mashoko asingachinji, akarurama pasinei nokuti ihurumende ipi iri kuagovera. Madhipatimendi ezvoutano ehurumende, madhipatimendi okufambisa, uye masangano emhoteredzo anewo mabasa chaiwo mukupindura njodzi, kugadzirisa nhau dzakadai sekuongorora zvirwere, kuvhara kwemigwagwa, uye kusvibiswa kwemhoteredzo.

Chiverengero Chenyika: Tsigiro Nezviwanikwa Chaizvo

Hurumende yehurumende inopinda mumufananidzo wengwavaira apo hurumende nezviwanikwa zvomunzvimbomo zvinenge zvisina kukwana kusvitsa zvinodikanwa zvomugariro wacho. Munsi meStafford Act, Purezidhendi ane chiremera chokuzivisa ngwavaira huru kana kuti kurumidziro, iyo inozarura mhatsa huru yegadziriro dzebetsero yehurumende. Kunokosha kunzwisisa kuti hurumende yehurumende haisati ichitora mhinduro; panzvimbo pezvo, inogovera tsigiro kuhurumende nedzomunzvimbomo, idzo dzinoramba dzichitarisira zviremera zvavo vamene.

FEMA Nechinogadzirirwa Kupindura kweNyika Yose

Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) isangano rehurumende remhinduro yengwavaira nokunaya. FEMA inoronga mibato yamadhipatimendi ehurumende anopfuura 20 namasangano ane mabasa mumhinduro yengwavaira, kubatanidza Department of Defense, Department of Health and Human Service, Department of Transportation, uye Army Corps of Engineers. Mitoro mikuru yehondo inobatanidza kugovera betsero yemari kuhurumende nehurumende dzomunzvimbomo nokuda kwemhinduro nenhamburiko dzokunatsiridza, kubatanidza kurongwa kwezviwanikwa zvomubatanidzwa, uye kutarisira gadziriro dzeyamuro dzenjodzi dzehurumende, uye purogiramu dzeyamuro.

National Response Framework (NRF) igwaro rinotungamirira pamusoro penzira iyo hurumende inoronga nayo ngwavaira dzayo. NRF inogadza gadziriro yavose yenheyo, mabasa, uye zvivako izvo zvinogonesa mitaro yose yehurumende kushanda pamwe chete. Inovakwa paIncident Leaderne command System (ICS), gadziriro yokutarisira yakarongwa inogovera nhevedzano yakajeka yemirairo nemutauro wavose nokuda kwavadavi. NRF inorondedzerawo mabasa amasangano ebato, mapoka asingapinyinyinyi, uye vazvipiri mumhinduro yengwavaira, ichiziva kuti kutungamirira njodzi kunoshanda kunoda nzira yose.

Purogiramu Dzokuyamura Dzakapoteredza

Rubatsiro rweyamuro mukati mengwavaira rwune zvimiro zvakawanda. purogiramu yavose yeFAMA inogovera mari kuhurumende nemunzvimbomo nokuda kwokugadziridzwa nokutsiviwa kwegadziriro dzakakuvadzwa, dzakadai semigwagwa, mabhiriji, zvikoro, uye nzvimbo dzokurapa. Hurumende dzinogovera betsero yemari kuvanhu vamwe navamwe nemhuri nokuda kwedzimba, zvinhu zvomunhu oga, uye zvimwe zvinodikanwa zvinobatanidzwa nengwavaira. Hazati Mitigation Grant Program inogovera mari kunzanga nokuda kwezvirongwa zvinoderedza ngozi dzengwavaira dzomunguva yemberi, zvakadai sokukwidziridza misha munzvimbo dzinonaya mvura, kusimbisa zvivako zvinorwisana nokudengenyeka kwapasi, kana kuti kuita nzvimbo inodzorwa nezvivako munharaunda dzinopisa dzinopisa.

Hurumende yehurumende inogoverawo unyanzvi chaihwo hwezvounyanzvi nezviwanikwa zvisingawaniki panzvimbo yehurumende kana kuti yomunzvimbomo. U.S. Corps of Engineers dzinogovera tsigiro yeinjiniya nechivako, kubatanidza dzimba dzechinguvana, kubviswa kwetsvina, uye kudzorwa kwamafashamo. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) inotumira vanzveri vehosha netsigiro dzerabhoritari mukati memigariro yeutano yavose. Department of Health and Human Services inogovera National Disatial Medical Sy, iyo inobatanidza mapoka avanachiremba, varedzi, uye dzimwe nyanzvi dzezvokurapa avo vanogona kugadza zvipatarati ndokugovera tarisiro dzezvoutano munharaunda dzenjodzi.

Kukurukurirana Nokubatana: Chinokosha Kumhinduro Inobudirira

Kubudirira kwekupindura chero njodzi kunotsamira pakukurukurirana uye kushandira pamwe kwehurumende. Kana hurumende, hurumende, uye masangano omunzvimbomo achigoverana mashoko, kuronga mabasa azvo, uye kushanda kuti zvienderane nevavariro dzawo, kuita kwacho kunokurumidza, kunoshanda, uye kunobudirira zvikuru. Kana kurukurirano yaparara, migumisiro yacho inogona kuva inosuruvarisa. Zvidzidzo zvakadzidzwa kubva munjodzi dzakapfuura zvakavandudza zvikuru mataurire uye kubatana kwakaita hurumende munguva dzenjodzi.

Kubatana Kwehurumende Kunobatana

Mutoo mukuru wokubatira pamwe kwehurumende mukati mengwavaira inzvimbo yenjodzi yeidzoro. nharaunda, nyika, uye EOC yehurumende inoumbwa mukati mezvinoitika zvikuru uye inobatira senzvimbo dzapakati nokuda kwokuunganidzwa kwamashoko, kutarisirwa kwamanyuko, uye kugadzirirwa kwechisarudzo. Vamiriri vanobva kumasangano akawanda vanoshanda pamwe chete muEOC, vachigoverana mashoko enguva chaiyoiyo netsinhirano yemibato yavo. Uku kubatana kwavashandi kunobva mumitezo yakasiana- siyana yehurumende uye miitiro yakasiana-daro inoputsanya mibato yesangano resangano uye inogonesa kukurumidza kubvisa chinetso.

Kurovedza muviri kwokurovedza vamwe chinhu chimwe chinokosha chokuvaka nacho mamiriro ezvinhu ehurumende. Kurovedza nguva dzose kunobatanidza hurumende, nyika, uye masangano omunzvimbomo kunobetsera kuva nechokwadi chokuti mativi ose anonzwisisa mabasa avo nemitoro uye anogona kushanda pamwe chete zvinobudirira mudzvinyiriro yechinoitika chaicho. Kurovedza muviri kunovambira pakurukurirano dzapamusoro dzezvinoitika kusvikira kumienzaniso yakazara inobatanidza kuiswa kwevashandi nemidziyo. Kurovedza uku kunowanawo miganhu noutera mumaro nemiitiro zvinogona kukurukurwa njodzi chaiyo isati yaitika.

Kugoverana Mashoko Nounyanzvi Hwokugadzira Zvinhu

Ruzivo rwazvino uno rwakavandudza zvikuru mano ehurumende okugovera mashoko mukati mengwavaira. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) inobvumira vadaviri kunyora mepu nharaunda dzakatapurwa, vanozivisa vanhu vasina dziviriro, uye kunzvera kufamba kwenjodzi munguva chaiyoiyo. Zvikuva zvinonamira paIndaneti zvakadai seFEMA Incident Information Diastboard negadziriro yezvokufambisa zvinhu zvengozi zvehurumende zvinogovera mufananidzo webasa webasa wevashandi vose vanobvumirwa nehurumende yose. Zvinobudisa nhau zvinoshandiswawo kukurukura nevoruzhinji, kuona mamiriro ezvinhu anenge aripo, uye kushandira pamwe chete. Zvisinei, ruzivo rwokugadzirwa neruzivo rwokugadzirwa kwezvinhu harusina kukwana. Kuvimba, ukama hwomunhu oga, uye kusimbiswa kwekurukurirano kunokosha kuti vazive kuti mashoko ashande zvinobudirira uye kuti vakurudzirwe nokukurumidza.

Fundo Dzehosha: Zvatinodzidza Mungwavaira Huru

Kuongorora njodzi dzinoitika munyika kunotibatsira kunzwisisa kuti hurumende inoita sei kana zvinhu zvikasafamba zvakanaka.

Hurricane Katrina (2005)

Dutu iri rakakonzera kuparadza kukuru muGulf Coast musi waAugust 29, 2005, kunyanya muNew Orleans, umo kuparara kwemabhomba kwakakonzera mafashamo anoparadza.

Pamwero wehurumende, FEMA yakatsoropodzwa nokuda kwokuva inononoka kuziva urefu hwemamiriro ezvinhu uye nokuda kwokukundikana kutsinhirana nenzira inobudirira nezviremera zvehurumende nemunzvimbomo. Mutungamiriri wesangano panguva yacho, Michael Brown, akaonekwa seasina kugadzirira nokuda kwenjodzi. Department of Defecter yakanonotsa kurongedzerwa kwamauto anoshingaira, nepo National Guard akanangana nenhau nemhaka yokuti mamwe mayuniti akanga achidzorwa nehurumende apo mamwe masangano akadzorwa. Gadziro rekurukurirano rakakundikana nenzira ine ngwavaira, richisiya vapinduri uye vanhu vose vasina mashoko akavimbika kwamazuva.

Pamwero wehurumende, Gavhuna Kathleen Blanco akashorwa nokuda kwokunonoka kukumbira betsero yehurumende uye nokuda kwokusaita kuti gadziriro dzokutarisira mamiriro ezvinhu ekurumidziro dzive dzakasimba. Mhinduro yehurumende yakadziviswa nokusarongeka nokubatana nehurumende dzomunzvimbomo, zvikurukuru guta reNew Orleans. Pamwero womunzvimbomo, New Orleans Mayor Ray Nagin yakabudisa murairo wokudzivisa asi yakanga isina gadziriro inoshanda nokuda kwavagari vemo vemo vaishaiwa chokufambisa. Zviuru zvavanhu zvakasiyiwa zviri muSuperdome neCentre Center yeKokoroney.

Kukundikana kweHurricane Katrina kwakatungamirira kukuchinja kukuru mukutarisirwa kwenjodzi. Post-Katrina Emergency Management Act ye2006 yakagadziridzazve FEMA, ichiipa chiremera chikuru nezviwanikwa. National Reformation Framework yakagadziridzwa kujekesa mabasa nemitoro. Pfungwa ye "nzanga yose" yokutarisira njodzi yakamuka, inosimbisa kukosha kwechikamu chemunhu oga, purofiti, uye masangano enzanga mukuronga njodzi uye kupindura. Zvidzidzo zvaKatrina zvinopfuurira kuzivisa kutarisirwa kwekurumidziro kusvikira kuzuva rino.

California mwoto wakaipa (2017 - 2018)

Nguva dzinopisa moto dzinotyisa dza2017 na2018 muCalifornia dzakaratidza kuti njodzi yacho yainyanya kufambiswa zvakanaka nehurumende.

Gavhuna Jerry Brown akazivisa mugariro wekurumidziro nokukurumidza, uyo wakabvumira kuunganidzwa kwokukurumidza kwepfuma dzehurumende. Office yaGavhuna weCalifornia yeEmergency Services (CAL OES) yakanyandura nzvimbo yayo yokushanda ndokutanga kubatana namadhipatimendi omunzvimbomo okudzima moto, masangano anotarisira kuchengetwa kwemitemo, uye vabiyake vehurumende mukati memaawa okudzima kwomoto. Hurumende yakanyandurawo Emergency Management Alternation Contract, ichiunza mapoka amwotomato anobva kune dzimwe nyika kuti abatsire kurwisa marimi.

FEMA yakagovera tsigiro nokukurumidza uye nenzira inobudirira, ichiratidza kuvandudzika kwetsinhirano yehurumende yakaitwa pashure paKatrina. Sangano racho rakatumidzwa zvikwata zvokutarisira zvinoitika, rakagovera betsero yemari kuvanhu nemhuri, uye rakashanda nezviremera zvehurumende nezvomunzvimbomo kutsinhiranisa mhinduro. Masangano anotarisira mutemo munzvimbo yacho muButte County akakwanisa kudzivirira nenzira inobudirira, uye nepo nhamba yevakafa yakanga yakakwirira zvikuru, nyanzvi dzakawanda dzinodavira kuti kushandira pamwe kuri nani nokunyevera kwakaponesa mazana oupenyu hwokuwedzera. Kupindura kupisa kwepasi kweCalifornia kwakaratidza kuti apo mwero yose yebasa rehurumende pamwe chete nemibato yakajeka nekurukurirano inobudirira, kunyange ngwavaira dzinoparadza zvikurusa dzinogona kubatwa nebudiriro huru zvikuru.

COVID-19 Pandemic (2020 - 2023)

HONDO yeCOVID-19 yakapa denho yechienzi nokuda kwedavidzo pakati pengwavaira dzehurumende nemhaka yokuti yakatapura nyika iri yose nenzvimbo panguva imwe cheteyo, iyo isingawanzoitiki nokuda kwengwavaira dzomusikirwo. Ikoku kwakaparira kudikanwa kusingaenzaniswi kwezviwiro uye kwakaedza ganhuriro dzegadziriro yebatira pamwe yehurumende yenharaunda yenharaunda yenzvimbo.

Murakatira wakasimbisa zvose zviri zviviri simba noutera mugadziriro yazvino. Pakuvamba munjodzi, kwakanga kune nyongano huru pamusoro pemweroi wehurumende yaiva nechiremera chokuisa zvirango zvekugara pamusha, kuraira kupfeka mabhande, uye kudzora kuparadzirwa kwemigove yemishonga nemishonga. Gavhuna mune dzimwe nyika vakabudisa mirairo yehurumende yose, nepo hurumende dzomudzimwe nyika dzakashandisa mitemo yadzo dzimene, kuchitungamirira kubasa remitemo rakanyonganisa vanhu uye rakaoma kuita kwacho.

Hurumende yehurumende, kupfurikidza neCDC neFEMA, yakagovera nhungamiro nezviwanikwa asi yakatarisana netsoropodzo nokuda kwokutumira mashoko kusingawirirani nokunonoka mukuparadzirwa kwemidziyo yokudzivirira yomunhu oga nemigove yokuedza. Kuparadzirwa kwemishonga yokudzivirira mukupera kwe 2020 namavambo kwe 2021 kwaida batira pamwe isingaenzaniswi pakati pehurumende, hurumende, uye hurumende dzomunzvimbomo, pamwe chete nenzvimbo dzevoga dzezvoutano nedzezvokurapa. Kubudirira kwenhimbengedzero yejekiseni kwakaratidzira kuti apo gadziriro yacho inoshanda seyakagadzirwa, inogona kuwana miuyo inoshamisa, asi nhano dzapakuvamba dzehosha yacho dzakaratidzawo kuti kuchine nzvimbo yokuvandudza mubatanidzwa kwezvo.

Zvinofanira Kuzivikanwa Nevagari Vemo: Nhungamiro Inoshanda Yokuita Kuti Pave Nenjodzi

Kunzwisisa kuti vanhuwo zvavo vanogona kushanda sei panjodzi, kunogona kuvapa mukana wokuziva kuti kana njodzi yaitika, kana vakaziva kuti ndiani, kuti ndiani waunoda kutsvaka, uye kuti vangabatsira sei mhuri dzavo, kunogona kubatsira vanhu kuti vabatsirwe nokukurumidza.

Hurumende yomunzvimbomo inofanira nguva dzose kuva nzvimbo yokutanga yokuonana panguva yengozi. Mapurisa omunzvimbomo, moto, uye mabasa ezvokukurumidzira ndizvo zvinodavidza nokukurumidza zvikuru uye zvakarovedzeka nemigariro yomunzvimbomo. Vakuru vakuru vomunzvimbomo vanopa zvirango zvokubuda, nzvimbo dzakazaruka, uye vanogovera mashoko pamusoro pevhara remugwagwa nedzimwe ngozi. Vagari vanofanira kusaina nokuda kwegadziriro dzekurumidziro dzomunzvimbomo dzekurumidziro, idzo dzinotumira nyevero nokugadziridza zvakananga kunhare neemail. Website Readly.gov ndichinhu chakaisvonaka chokudzidza kuti vangagadzirira sei kurumidzira zvinhu panguva yomunzvimbomo.

Kana zviwanikwa zvomunzvimbomo zvikakurirwa uye betsero yokuwedzera ichidikanwa, hurumende inova manyuko makuru ebetsero. Masangano ehurumende anotarisira njodzi anochengeta mawebsite enjodzi nemhedzi dzinopa mashoko pamusoro pepurogiramu dzeyamuro yenjodzi, nzvimbo dzokuvanda, uye zviwanikwa zvokunatsiridza. Hurumende inobatanidzawo kurongwa kwemauto eNational Guard, anogona kugovera chengeteko, zvokufambisa, uye tsigiro yezvokufambisa. Panguva inoziviswa nyika yekurumidziro, vagari vemo vanofanira kunzvera kurukurirano yehurumende nokuda kwokugadziridza nokunatsa nemirayiridzo inokosha.

Apo Purezidhendi anozivisa ngwavaira huru, FEMA inova inowanika kugovera betsero yakananga kuvanhu nemhuri. Iyi yamuro inogona kubatanidza mari nokuda kwedzimba dzechinguvana, kugadziriswa kwemusha, uye zvimwe ndyiko dzinobatanidzwa nengwavaira. Vagari vanogona kunyorera nokuda kwebetsero yeFEMA paIndaneti kupfurikidza newebsite yesangano pa FEMA.gov kana kuti kupfurikidza nokudana FAMA Helpline. Kunokosha kunzwisisa kuti betsero yeFEMA haisati iri mutsivi weinishuwarenzi uye kuti kujeka kwakavakirwa pakushaiwa nekuridziko.

Pakupedzisira, vagari vemo vanofanira kunzwisisa kuti mhinduro yengwavaira mutoro unogoverwa. Masangano ehurumende ose anoita rutivi rwawo, asi vanhu vamwe navamwe nenzanga vanoitawo basa rinokosha. Kuva negadziriro yomunhu oga yenjodzi, kugadzira zvishandiso zvenjodzi, kuramba vachiziva nezvengozi dzomuno, uye kutora rutivi mumabasa okugadzirira nzanga zvose zvinokosha izvo munhu ari wose anogona kuita. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOA) inogovera zvingwaradziro nengozi dzemamiriro okunze kupfurikidza ne Sangano reNzvakachadenga reNyika yeZusingagariki, uye American Cross Cross inopa zviwiro zvenjodzi nerovedzo.

Mugumisiro: Gadziriro Yakavakirwa Pahumwe Hwemhuri

Gadziriro yemhinduro yengwavaira muUnited States yakaoma, asi yakavakirwa panheyo yakanaka: udzori hwomunzvimbomo netsigiro yehurumende nehurumende. Iyi nzira yapasi inovimbisa kuti zvisarudzo zvinoitwa navanhu vanoziva nzanga dzavo zvakanakisisa, nepo zvichingogovera kusvika kupfuma hurusa namano ehurumende apo inodikanwa. Mugariro wakaedzwa waedzwazve nengwavaira huru, uye nepo usina kuitwa nguva dzose zvakakwana, njodzi imwe neimwe yakabudisa zvidzidzo zvakauita kuti uve wakasimba.

Chinokosha kukuita ngwavaira inobudirira hachisi kungova nemitemo yakarurama, zvirongwa, uye pfuma. Ichochiwo pamusoro pokuvaka ukama nokuvimba pakati pavanhu vanoshanda pamwero mumwe nomumwe wehurumende. Apo maneja ekurumidziro, vakuru vakuru vakasarudzwa, uye vapinduri vokutanga vanozivana, kukurukurirana nguva dzose, uye chitima pamwe chete, vane bviro huru zvikuru yokushanda zvinobudirira seboka apo dzvinyiriro inenge iripo. Nokuda kweichi chikonzero, purojekiti inopfuurira mutsinhirano yehurumende, rovedzo, uye kurovedza muviri kunokosha.

Pakupedzisira, kuita ngwavaira mutoro unogoverwa uyo unobatanidza kwete bedzi hurumende asiwo nharaunda yomunhu oga, masangano asingapinduri mhindu, uye vagari vemo vamwe navamwe. Nhenda yeCovid, masango eCalifornia, Hurricane Katrina, uye zvimwe zvinoitika zvisingaverengeki zvakaratidza kuti apo mativi ose enzanga anoshanda pamwe chete nechinangwa chimwe chete, kunyange ngwavaira dzinoparadza zvikurusa dzinogona kukurirwa. Kunzwisisa mitoro nemitoro yeboka rimwe nerimwe rehurumende inhano yokutanga inokosha kukuva yakagadzirirwa njodzi inotevera.