Kunzwisisa Mahofisi Anopa Varidzi Vehurumende Nebasa Rawo

Zvipo zvehurumende zvinomirira manyuko makuru okushandisa mari nokuda kwamasangano, masangano ezvemari, masangano edzidzo, uye hurumende dzomunzvimbomo. Kusafanana nezvipo zvehurumende, zvinotevera chirongwa chokushandisa chakafanana, mari inodzorwa nedhipatimendi rimwe nerimwe mukati mehurumende imwe neimwe ’s hurumende. Madhipatimendi aya anobatanidza masangano akadai seDhipatimendi reDhipatimendi reDzidzidzo, Department of Environmental Protection, Department of Transportation, uye mamwe akawanda. Bazipandi rimwe nerimwe rinoshanda pasi pezvirevo zvaro, zvokushandisa mari, uye miitiro yokutarisira, izvo zvinoreva kuti muitiro wokushandisa kunogona kuchinja zvikuru kubva kune imwe gadziriro yokupa imwe.

Kunzwisisa chivako chedhipatimendi iri inhano yokutanga kukushanda kunobudirira. Bazi rimwe nerimwe rine hofisi yezvipo kana kuti mukuru mukuru wepurogiramu akagadzwa ane mutoro wokutarisira chiteshi chokupa. Ava vakuru vakuru vanorondedzera vedhipatimendi ’ vanorongera nharidzano dzinoshanda uye vanoshandura kuva mikana yokushandisa mari. Nokuzvirovedza umene nemikana chaiyo yedhipatimendi ’ mishoni, mitoo yemari yekare, uye zvirongwa zvazvino uno, unogona kugadziridza chikarakadzo chako kuti chiwirirane nezvinotanga zvavo. Uku kugadziridzwa kazhinji kazhinji ichinhu chinokosha mukuti kana kushandirwa kwacho kuchifambira mberi kwechidziro chepanyuko yokutanga.

Mipiro inotsigirwa nemari inowanzobva kupfurikidza negadziriro dzehurumende, kupfuudza mari yehurumende, kana kuti nzizi dzemari dzakatsaurirwa dzakadai semari inobudiswa kana kuti zvirongwa zvechibvumirano. Iyi gadziriro yokushandisa mari inoreva kuti nhambo dzokushandisa kazhinji kazhinji dzinobatanidzwa nenhevedzo dzemari dzehurumende, nemisi inosvika gore negore, nguva dzose, kana kuti pahwaro hwehurumende. Kuongorora redhipatimendi ’ website, kunyorera kumarusaro, uye kupinda masurubhuro asati aiswa purogiramu inzira dzinokosha dzokuramba uchiziva pamusoro pemikana iri kuuya.

Mitemo yeHurumende Yokuteerera Kurongwa Kwezvirongwa

Muitiro wokushandisa hurumende unopa mari unowanzotevera chibhasikoro chakarongeka icho chinobatanidza kugadzirira, kuzviisa pasi, kuhwirudzura, uye kutarisirwa kwepashure penzvimbo. Chikuva chimwe nechimwe chinoda ngwariro yokungwarira uye mutoo wenzira. Pasi apa, tinoputsa nhetepfu imwe neimwe muudzame kuti tigovere mapu yemigwagwa ine udzame nokuda kwavakumbiri.

Gadziriro: Kuvaka Hwaro Hwebasa Rakasimba

Chikamu chokugadzirira ndiro danho rakakomba zvikurusa romuitiro wokushandisa kubvumira. Ndimo mukati medanho rino umo unotanga hwaro nokuda kwebasa rinogombedzera nerinowirirana. Kumhanya mukugadzirira ndichimwe chezvikonzero zvisanozivikanwa zvikurusa zvisaidzorwa kana kuti kunyorwa kwakashata.

Kuziva Mikana Yezvipo Yakakodzera

Tanga kupfurikidza nokuitisa kunzvera kwakakwana kwokupa mikana mukati medhipatimendi rakakodzera. Madhipatimendi mazhinjisa enyika anobudisa ndaza yepurogiramu dzekupa pachena panzvimbo dzawo dzekubudisira mashoko. Dzimwe nyika dzinochengetawo chiteshi chezvipo chapakati apo unogona kutsvaka mikana mumadhipatimendi akawanda. Tsvaka kuti ienderane nesangano rako ’ basa, basa, uye nzvimbo yebasa. Nyatsopa ngwariro kuiwirira kukupa vapapo ’ donzo ravanhu, vanyajambwa, mibato inobvumirwa, uye ganhuriro yemari.

Ita programme yokunyora pasi kana kuti shopu yesaibhurari inobatanidza zita rinopiwa, dhesiki, nguva yokushanda, chitsama chokushandisa, zvinodikanwa, uye mashoko makuru okuonana. Ikoku kuchakubetsera kutarisira masero akawanda panguva imwe cheteyo uye kudzivisa kushaikwa kwemisiano inotambudza. Kuchenjerawo kugadza zviyeuchidzo pachine nguva mberi musi unozviisa pasi kubvumira nguva yakakwana nokuda kwokugadzirira rugwaro netendero dzomukati.

Kuhwirudzura Zvakanaka

Hurumende iri yose inogovera gadziriro inoita mipimo yakananga iyo vapedzisi vanofanira kusangana nayo. Iyi mipimo ingabatanidza rudzi rwesangano (umh. 501(c) rusingabetseri mhindu, sangano rehurumende, ruwa rwechikoro), nzvimbo, makore okushanda, pamberi pokupa ruzivo rwokuzviwanira, uye dzikamo mune zvemari. Mimwe mipiro inoganhurirwa kumasangano anobatira chiverengero chakati chevagari vemo kana kuti nzvimbo yenhau yakati. Nyatsora kurava chikamu chinochinjika cheziviso kana kuti chikumbiro chezvikarakadzo. Kana une mibvunzo pamusoro pokuti sangano rako rinokwanisika, ’ maneja anopa zvakananga. Kuri nani kujekesa nguva isati yashandiswa mukushanda kwakazara.

Kuunganidza Chinyorwa Chinodikanwa

Hurumende inoda kuti zvirongwa zvokupa zvishandiso zvinyatsotevedzerwa. Zvinhu zvinowanzokumbirwa zvinosanganisira:

  • Ronga kurondedzera kana kuti rondedzero yezvikarakadzo: Tsananguro ine udzame yebasa racho, vavariro dzaro, mutoo, chiverengero chavagari vemo, uye miuyo inokarirwa.
  • shavo nebhajeti yemari inotaurwa: Irongwa yenhumbi inoratidza kuti mari yokupa ichashandiswa sei, pamwe chete nerondedzero inoruramisa boka rimwe nerimwe rendyiko.
  • Mashoko eISM]: Chibvumikiso chomugariro wapamutemo, zvakadai senyaya dzekubatanidza, zvirango, tsamba yechisarudzo yeIRS, uye boka ravatungamiriri.
  • [ Tsitsi dzemari: Zvitatiso zvemari zvemisi ichangobva kupfuura iyi kana kuti kutaura kwemhindu uye mazai emari kuratidzira mutoro wemari.
  • [ Tsamba dzetsigiro kana kuti zvibvumirano zvokubatira pamwe: Chinyorwa chinoratidza tsigiro yenzanga kana kuti gadziriro dzinobatira pamwe nemamwe masangano.
  • Kuronga kana kuti zvikwaniriso zvavashandi vakuru: Ufakazi hwokuti timu ine unyanzvi hwokuita chirongwa chinenge chakarakadzwa.
  • [ Rongedzero yebasa kana kuti nguva: Rudungwe rwemibato, zvinoitika zvinokosha, uye zvinogoverwa.
  • Gadziriro yokurangarira: Irondedzero yokuti chirongwa ’ budiriro ichayerwa ndokushumwa sei.

Tanga kuunganidza magwaro aya nokukurumidza sezvinobvira. Mamwe magwaro, akadai semashoko emari anoongororwa kana kuti mari yakatenderwa nedare, angatora mavhiki kuti apedzisire apera. Kuagadzira Window rokumbiringa risati ratanga kuchaderedza kunetseka uye kuvandudza kuzviisa kwako pasi.

Kuzviisa Pasi: Kurambidza Kushandisa Chirongwa Chokushandira

Madhipatimendi akawanda ehurumende zvino anoda kuti vapa zvinhu zvavo pakombiyuta kupfurikidza negadziriro inopa mari yakatsaurirwa kana kuti paIndaneti. Masuo aya anosiyana mumibatanidzwa yakaoma kunzwisisa newaanoshandisa. Mamwe anoziva zviri nani uye akananga, apo mamwe anogona kuva anoremerwa uye anotapurika kumichina. Iva anokwanisa kufambisa chikepe zvakanaka pamberi penguva. Chisika rondedzero, nzvera dheaboard, uye hwirudzura zvinyorwa zvipi nezvipi nezvipi nezvipi zvinowanika.

Pakupedza mafomu epurogiramu, verengai nokungwarira. Masuo akawanda anobatanidza mitemo inoshanda inoita kuti usazviisa pasi kana minda yakati ikasiyiwa isina kunyorwa kana kuti ine mashoko asina kururama. Ngwarira ganhuriro dzevatambi, ganhuriro dzoukuru hwefaira, uye mafaira anogamuchirwa (sezvinganzi PDF, Shoko, kana kuti Excel).

Kunorumbidzwa zvikuru kunyora mhinduro dzose dzenhau mugwaro reshoko rakasiyana rokugadzira mashoko usati wapinda mariri. Ikoku kunokubvumira kuchengetedza basa rako, kunyora mapeyikisi, uye kugoverana madract nevavanoshanda navo kuti vahwirudzure. Kana wagadzirira kupedzisa, kukopa nokuisa mhinduro dzako munzeve, ipapo kudzokororazve kuva nechokwadi chokuti kuforoma kwakachengetwa uye hakuna rugwaro rwakachinjwa.

Kuzviisa Pasi Kunozivikanwa Navose Kunofanira Kudziviswa

  • Kuisa musi wakagadzwa:[[FT:1] Hurumende zhinji inopa zviteshi zvezvisakiso zvekoreki zvapedyo panguva chaiyo pamusi wakafanira. Usamirira kusvikira awa yokupedzisira yokuzviisa pasi. Ronga kuzviisa pasi paanenge maawa 24 kusvikira ku 48 pakuvamba kuzvidavirira nokuda kwenhau dzisingakarirwi.
  • Muzvirongwa zvakakwana: check yekaviri kuti minda yose inodikanwa inopedzwa uye zvikamu zvose zvinodikanwa zvinoiswa. Mamwe masuo haasati achizobvumira kuzviisa pasi kana minda yapamutemo isati iripo.
  • Kuverenga bhajeti kwakarurama: Zvikanganiso zvemabhajeti chisakiso chinozivikanwa chokushatisa. Shandisa purogiramu inoyera paspreadset kuverenga hwerengedzo nokuongorora masvomhu ako.
  • Failture kutevera nhungamiro dzokuumba: Mamwe madhipatimendi anoratidzira ukuru hweshoko, upamhi hwemicheto, ganhuriro yepeji, uye kusiiwa kwemitsetse. Kufuratira idzi nhungamiro kunogona kuguma nokushaikwa kana kuti kubviswa kwepfundo.
  • Kuisa mushanduro isiriyo: kuva nechokwadi kuti shanduro yokupedzisira yechinyorwa chimwe nechimwe inoiswa mumusoro. Kuchengeta nhau yeshanduro mumazita ako amafaira kunogona kudzivisa nyongano.

Wapedza kuzviisa pasi, unofanira kugamuchira tsamba inokusimbisa kana kuti risiti inozviisa pasi kubva pachiteshi chemitengo. Chengeta iyi simbiso nokuda kwezvinyorwa zvako. Kana usati ukagamuchira chibvumikiso mukati memaawa 24, nyorera bazu rebazu kupupurira kuti kumbiriso yako yakagamuchirwa.

Kuongorora Nokuongorora: Zvinoitika Kana Zvikasava Nezvazvazvakaita

Kunzwisisa kuti muitiro uyu unoshanda sei kunogona kukubatsira kunyora basa rakasimba uye kuronga zvaunogona kutarisira kuti uite.

Madhipatimendi mazhinjisa ehurumende anoshandisa gadziriro yehwirudzuro mbiri. Chikamu chokutanga idzokororo. Mukati moiyi nhano, mitezo yavashandi inonzvera kuti kumbiriso yakakwana, kuti mukwidziridziri anosvitsa zvitengo zvinotemwa kuti ashaikwa. Zvirongwa zvinokundikana iyi nzvero yokutanga zvinorambwa pasina kuhwirudzurwazve. Ndicho chikonzero nei ngwariro kuudzame mukati menhambo yokuzviisa pasi ichikosha inokosha kwazvo.

Nhaka yechipiri ikodzero kana kuti hwirudzuro. Boka rehwirudzuro, rinowanzoumbwa navashandi vedhipatimendi, nyanzvi dzenhau, uye pane dzimwe nguva vapamberi penhau, rinoyera kushandisirwa kumwe nokumwe maererano netsaramedzo yakabudiswa. Iyi mipimo inowanzorongwa muchiziviso chinopiwa uye ingabatanidza mapoka akadai se:

  • shoo yetapuro nedikanwo: Chirongwa chinokarakadzwa chinobata zvakanaka sei chinodikanwa chakabvumikiswa kana kuti chinetso? Ufakazii hunotsigira chinodikanwa?
  • Rongedza nokusashaika: Ko gadziriro yebasa ine mufungo uye inokwanisa kuwanikwa mukati menhambo inobvumira here? Ko nharidzano nevavariro zvinogona kugadziriswa here?
  • Utachiona: Sangano rine ruzivo rwokuzviwanira, vashandi, uye zviteshi zvokushandisa kuti ritarisire chipo nenzira inobudirira here?
  • shavo yemari netapuro: Mari yacho ine mufungo uye inoruramiswa here?
  • [[FT:0] Kubatana nokuchengeteka: Basa richarangarirwa sei? Miuyo ichatsigirwa sei pashure penhambo inobvumira?

Mupimo mumwe nomumwe unopiwa zvikurukuru ukoshi hwepfundo, uye vadzokorori vanogovera makumi akavakirwa pasimba rekushandisa. Kukumbira kukurusa kunorumbidzwa nokuda kwokushandisa. Mamwe madhipatimendi anodawo kushanya panzvimbo yeteji, bvunzurudzo, kana kuti mharidzo sorutivi rwekunzvera. Kana kufambira mberi kwako kuiyi fomu, iva akagadzirira kugovera mashoko okuwedzera nemibvunzo kubva kuboka rehwirudzuro.

Kudzokorora kwacho kunogona kutora vhiki ina kusvika kugumi nembiri, zvichienderana nenhamba yemashandisiro akaitwa uye kuoma kunzwisisa kwepurogiramu inopa.

Zivisa uye Tevera

Vapambiri vanobudirira vanogamuchira tsamba yemubayiro kana kuti chibvumirano chinotsanangura mashandiro azvo. Chinyorwa ichi chinobatanidza mari, nguva yebasa, kushuma zvinodiwa, rudungwe, uye mamiriro ezvinhu api neapi anokosha anofanira kusvitswa. Verenga chibvumirano chacho nokungwarira uye iva nechokwadi chokuti sangano rako rinogona kuwirirana nemashoko ose risati rasaina.

Vanenge vakumbira pasina kubudirira vanowanzogamuchira chiziviso chinosanganisira mashoko pamusoro pemasvomhu avo uye, muzvimwe zviitiko, kunyorwa kunoitwa nevadzokorori. Chinyorwa ichi chinobatsira kuvandudza mashandisiro anenge auya. Iva nenguva yokuongorora mhinduro dzacho uye kuona nzvimbo dzaungada kusimbisa. Mamwe madhipatimendi anopawo marusando okuderedza purofiti apo vakumbiri vanogona kukurukura zvikarakadzo zvavo nevashandi vepurogiramu.

Kana kushandiswa kwako kuchitsigirwa nemari, basa chairo rinovamba. Mitoro yePfter-awa inobatanidza kuronga gadziriro yokutarisira mari, kuronda fambiro mberi yebasa, kupa mishumo yakakodzera nguva, uye kuchengeta kurukurirano nedhipatimendi ’ maneja anopa mvumo. Kusawirirana nokushuma zvinodikanwa kana kuti kupa mashoko kunogona kuguma nokunyimwa mari, kurebeswa, kana kuti kubviswa.

Mazano Akanaka Okushandisa Pakuhwina

Kunze kwemagadzirirwo ezvirongwa izvi, pane nzira dzokugadzirisa nadzo zvinhu dzinogona kukubatsira kuti ubudirire.

  • [[FTL:0] Kukurumidza kutanga uye kuronga kudzokera shure: Basa kubva panguva yatarwa kugadzira nguva yebasa rimwe nerimwe. Batanidza nguva yehwirudzuro dzomukati, mvumo, uye kuzviisa pasi kwounyanzvi. Kutanga kukupawo nguva yokuunganidza tsamba dzetsigiro, idzo dzinogona kutora mavhiki kuti uchengeteke.
  • Kuisa mutauro wako nedhipatimendi ’ zvinotanga: Shandisa mashoko mamwe chetewo namashoko makuru anooneka muchiziviso chinopiwa. Kana redhipatimendi rikasimbisa “eacty, ” “ kusataiso, ” kana kuti &lquo; revidence-kasekisiro, &stero; rinoisa mifungo iyoyo muruzivo rwako rwako.
  • Ivai vakananga uye mashoko-driven: Dzivisa mashoko asina kujeka. Shandisai mashoko akajeka, nhamba, uye mienzaniso kutsigira kutaura kwenyu. Somuenzaniso, panzvimbo pokuti “ mhuri dzakawanda munzanga yedu dzinorwisana nokusachengeteka kwezvokudya, &stquo; itii “ maererano nenzvero yezvoutano yeruwa yazvino uno, 22 muzana yedzimba dziri munharaunda yedu hadzina kuchengeteka. &crto;
  • Nyora zvakananga kumipimo inosimbisa: Ronga nhauro yako pamipimo yokuyera. Shandisa misoro yezvikamu inowirirana nezvisakiso uye kutaura zvakajeka. Ita kuti kuve nyore kuti vadzokorori vawane mashoko avanoda kukupa nhamba yakakwirira.
  • Zvomenemene uye nenzira inojeka: Usanyanyoita mari kana kuti kubatanidza zvinhu zvisingakoshi. Vanohwirudzura vane ruzivo uye vanogona kuona bhajeti dzisiri dzechokwadi. Panguva imwe cheteyo, usadzikamisa bhaisikopo, sezvinogona kuratidza kuti haunzwisisi zvizere ukuru hwebasa.
  • Kunyora zvakasimba: zvikanganiso zvokupeta, zvikanganiso zvegirama, uye kushandura kusawirirana kunoparira mirangariro yakaipa. Munhu asingabatanidzwi mukunyora chishandiso nokuda kwemhosho.
  • Kuvaka ukama navashandi vedhipatimendi: Iva nenzvimbo dzokushandira pamberi pekushandisa, mahovhornar, uye marusando emashoko. Zvizivise kuvakuru vakuru vepurogiramu ndokubvunza mibvunzo inofungwa. Kuvaka ukama hwenyanzvi kunogona kugovera nzwisiso dzinosimbisa kushandiswa kwako.

Misungo Inowanzoshandiswa uye Nzira Yokuidzivisa Nayo

Kunyange masangano ane ruzivo rwokuzviwanira pane dzimwe nguva anowira mumisungo inonetesa kukumbira kwaanoita.

  • Kushandisa mibayiro isina kukodzera: Kunogona kuva kunoedza kukumbira nokuda kwemari ipi neipi iripo, asi kuzviisa kushandiswa kusingawirirani nebasa rako kana kuti mano kupambadza nguva yako nezviwanikwa. Iva anosarudza uye funga mikana yaunayo ine betsero yemakwikwi apachokwadi.
  • Kupokana miraidzo:[[FT:1] zviziviso zveGrant zvine mirayiridzo ine udzame nokuda kwechikonzero. Kuzvifuratira, kunyange nokusaziva, zviratidzo zvokuti ungava wakaoma kushanda naye somupi. Teverai murairidzo uri wose kutsamba.
  • Nemhaka yemiuyo inodzorwa: Ndokwomuzvarirwo kuda kuorora vadzori, asi kugadza nharidzano dzisiri dzechokwadi kunogona kuva nemiuyo isati iri yechokwadi. Vadzokorori vangapanikira kusabvira kwebasa rako kana miuyo yako yakapikirwa ikaita seisingakwanirisi nebhajeti yako kana kuti nguva.
  • Kuratidza ndondoro yebhajeti: Vamwe vakumbiri vanonangidzira ngwariro zvikuru panhauro yebasa ndokubata bhajeti sechinofungwa. Nhoroondo yebhajeti isina kusimba inogona kusekesa kushandiswa kwakasimba. Rondedza mari iri yose ndokutsanangura kuti inobatanidza sei mibato yebasa.
  • Yakajeka kubvumira kuchengetwa: Hurumende inowedzera kupa mapurogiramu anoda kuziva kuti zvirongwa zvichapfuurira sei pashure pokupa mari migumisiro. Kana kushandiswa kwako kusati kuri kwokusimba, ungarasikirwa namativi kana kuti kupfuudzwa nokuda kwavakwidziridziri.
  • Kuisa sango nokuda kwemiti: Udzame pahunenge huchikosha, usakanganwa mufananidzo mukuru. Kushandisa kwako kunofanira kutaura nhau inogombedzera pamusoro peicho chirongwa chako, kuti chichaita sei musiano, uye nei sangano rako riri rakarurama kuchiita.

Mubayiro Wapashure Webasa uye Kushandira

Kuwana mubayiro wezvipo chinhu chinokosha, asi zvinouyawo negadziriro yemitoro inopfuurira. Madhipatimendi ehurumende anotarisira vanopiwa kuti vatarisire mari nenzira ine mufungo, vasvitse zviitiko zvinokosha zvebasa, uye vawirirane nezvinodikanwa zvose zvokushuma. Kukundikana kuita izvi kungagona kupinza mungozi mari yazvino uno neyenguva yemberi.

Hurumende zhinjisa inogovera zvibvumirano zvinoda mishumo yefambiro mberi yenhambo nenhambo, mishumo yemari, uye yokupedzisira pamhedziso yenhambo yebasa. Mishumo yefambiro mberi inowanzorondedzera mibato yapedzwa, miuyo yakawanwa, zvinetso zvinosanganwa, uye zvidzidzo zvadzidzwa. Mishumo yemari ino udzame kuti mari yakashandiswa sei uye kazhinji kazhinji inoda zvinyorwa zvinotsigira zvakadai samarisiti kana kuti mapepa. Gadza gadziriro yokuronga ndyiko nemibato pazuva mumwe kuti uve nechokwadi chokuti kushuma kwakarurama uye kwakakodzera nguva.

Kuwedzera pakushuma, vanopiwa zvipo vangadzorwa nokuongorora, kushanyira nzvimbo, kana kuti kuongorora kunoitwa nedhipatimendi. Kuongorora uku kwakagadzirirwa kuva nechokwadi chokuti mari yokupa iri kushandiswa nokuda kwechinangwa chayo uye kuti basa racho riri kutevedzerwa. Batirana zvizere nemibato ipi neipi inoongorora uye chengeta zvinyorwa zvose zvakarongwa zvebasa.

Pakupedzisira, rangarira ukama hwenguva refu nedhipatimendi. Basa rokupa rinobudirira rinogona kutungamirira kukuwedzera mikana yokutsigira nemari, kupa mipiro, kana kuti kubatana kukuru. Kuratidzira kuvimbika, kujeka, uye simba mukati menhambo inobvumira nzvimbo dzakanaka dzesangano rako nokuda kwetsigiro yomunguva yemberi.

mhedziso

Kugadza gadziriro yokukumbira mari inodzorwa namadhipatimendi anotarisira kurongwa kwegadziriro, ngwariro kuudzame, uye kutsungirira. Nokunzwisisa zvivako zvakasiyana nezvinokosha zvedhipatimendi rimwe nerimwe, kugadzirira kwakakwana, uye kutevera miitiro yakanakisisa munhambo dzokuzviisa pasi nedzinotevera, masangano anogona kuvandudza zvikuru mikana yawo yokuwana mari. Bata basa rimwe nerimwe semukana wokuvaka basa rako rakasimba, kugadziridza purani yako, uye kukudza kunzwisisa kwako nzvimbo inochengeteka. Nokushandisa zvakanaka, hurumende inogona kuva manyuko akavimbika uye anoparira tsigiro yebasa rako.

Nokuda kwezviwanikwa zvokuwedzera pakupa kunyora nokutarisira, rangarira nhanho dzinonzvera kubva ku Grands.gov Learning Center nokuda kwemashoko akapoteredza ehurumende, National Association of State Workdoct Active Actives nokuda kwezvipo zvebasa, uye nyika yako pachayo &squo; mitemo inopa mirayiridzo yenhungamiro yomunharaunda. Izvi zvitengo zvinogona kugovera imwe nzwisiso mumiitiro yakanakisisa nemiitiro inovamba mukupa kutarisirwa kwenyika.