Kuumbwa kweHurumende yeU.S. Netapuro Yako Pauri Zuva Nezuva

Hurumende haisati iri pfungwa iri kure, isinganzwisisiki inogara bedzi muWashington D.C. zvivako kana kuti makamuri ehurumende. Ndiyo simba rinosarudza muganhu wekumhanya mumugwagwa wako, kunaka kwemvura inobva papombi yako, zvidzidzo zvinodzidziswa muchikoro chomwana wako, uye mipimo yekotsekano yemotokari yaunotyaira. Zvisarudzo izvi zvinoitwa kwete nechiremera chimwe chete chenyika, hurumende yomunzvimbomo, imwe neimwe ine masimba akasiyana nemitoro. Kunzwisisa kuti iyi mwero inofambidzana sei neiyi mwero yemotokari yako, uye kuti ikodzei nhano yokutanga kuva mugari wemo akadzidza anofamba nomutoo unobudirira mutsika dzoupenyu hwako nenzanga.

Hurumende Inotonga Nyika Yose

Hurumende yehurumende ine mwero wakakwirira zvikurusa wechiremera muUnited States, ichiwana simba rayo muBumbiro reMitemo reU. inofukidza nhau dzorudzi dzinoda kubatana mumarudzi ose 50. Kuvambira padziviriro yorudzi kusvikira kumitemo yokupinda munyika, zvisarudzo zvayo zvinotanga gadziriro inodzorwa nemitemo umo nyika nenzanga zvinoshanda. Nepo kazhinji kazhinji inoratidzika kuva iri kure noupenyu hwezuva nezuva, pesvedzero yazvo yakapararira: mitemo yehurumende inodzivirira chengeteko yezvokudya zvako, inodzora mhepo nokuda kweterevhizheni neInternet, uye inovimbisa dziviriro dzamaruramiro evagari vemo.

Mitoro Yako

  • National Defense and Foreign Policy: U.S. Hurumende dzehurumende, uye zvibvumirano zvamarudzi ose zvinowa pasi pepurivie. Masangano ane simba rokuzivisa hondo, nepo Purezidhendi achishanda seMutungamiriri weSangano reMarudzi uye achiitisa kurukurirano namarudzi okumwe.
  • Cernal: The Commerce Claus inogovera hurumende yehurumende pamusoro pemitengo inogura miganhu yenyika. Ikoku kunobatanidza kudzora mabhangi, misika yemasheya, uye mibatanidzwa yezvokufambisa munyika yose sendege neraruwe.
  • Mutemo weInfricement and Immigration: Zvirongwa zvakafanana neFederal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), Drug Inforcement Administration (DEA), uye U.S. Stockhonation Services (USCIS) zvinobata utsotsi hwokuyambuka uye mitemo yokupinda munyika.
  • [[FLT: 0] Inishuwarenzi neUtano:[[FLT: 1] The Social Security Administration, Medicare, uye rutivi runokosha rwemari yeMedicaid zvinotarisirwa pamwero womubatanidzwa, kuvamba tsigiro yehwaro yevakura, vanhu vakaremara, uye mhuri dzinowana mari dzakaderera.

Kuumbwa uye Kuongorora Nokudzikamiswa

Hurumende yehurumende yakakamurwa namaune kuva mapazi matatu, gadziriro yakarongedzerwa kudzivisa sangano ripi neripi kuunganidza simba rakanyanyowanda. Uku kuparadzana, pamwe chete negadziriro yecheki nedzikamo, inovimbisa batira pamwe nokutarisira.

  • Bazu rePurezimendi: Rinotungamirirwa naPurezidhendi, iri bazu rinomanikidzira nokuisa mitemo yehurumende. Inobatanidza madhipatimendi eKibitma (muto, Department of Education Security), masangano makuru, uye vashandi vehurumende. Purezidhendi anogona kupfuudza mutemo unopfuudzwa naCongress uye anogadza vatongi vemubatanidzwa, kubatanidza Dare rapamusoro (pamberi petendero yeDare reDare).
  • Bhizi reRegitoriti: Bay Bayral Congress (Imba yaVamiririri naDare) ine mutoro wokuita mitemo, mitero inobvumira kushandiswa kwehurumende. House of Declarations inopa zvigaro zvakavakirwa pachiverengero chavagari vehurumende, inopa nyika huru mireza yakaenzana navarevereri vaviri pahurumende imwe. Dare rinogona kukunda purezidhendi wedangariro nenzvimbo mbiri mudzimba dzose dziri mbiri.
  • Jodicial Bazu: Dare repamusorosoro reU.S. uye matare ehurumende akaderera anodudzira Bumbiro reMitemo nemitemo yehurumende. Zvine simba rokuhwirudzura dare. (Kuzivisa zviito zvomutemo kana kuti zviito zvavakuru vakuru zvisina wirirano. Zviratidzo zvinogadzwa nokuda kwoupenyu, zvinovadzivirira padzvinyiriro yezvamatongerwe enyika.

Chivako ichi chinoreva kuti kunyange apo mutemo wehurumende unopfuudzwa, kuitwa kwawo kunowanzobatanidza tsinhirano yakaoma pakati pamasangano ehurumende, hurumende, uye masangano omunharaunda. Somuenzaniso, mutezo mukuru wegadziriro wezvirongwa wenzvimbo unopfuudzwa pamwero womubatanidzwa (seInfrablicrective Information Informationmentalmental and Jobs Act) inoparadzira mari kuMasangano eHurumende dzeForting, iyo ipapo inoita mabasa okuvaka mubatira pamwe nehurumende dzenyika neguta. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) inogadza mipimo yenyika nokuda kwemvura yakachena, asi masangano anogoverwa nokuchengeta mipimo iyoyo.

Hurumende: Vashandi Vehurumende Inotonga Vanhu Vane Utongi Husina Kufanira

Ichishanda pakati peamburera yehurumende nezvinonetsa zvomunzvimbomo, hurumende dzehurumende dzine kuzvitonga nesimba guru. Tsitsi reTenth Amendment kuU.S. masimba anochengeterwa Bumbiro reMitemo asingapiwi zvakananga kuhurumende yehurumende. Iyi "masimba akavimbika" inobvumira nyika kushanda serabhoritari yemitemo inotsamira pamunhu, kukurukura zvinetso zvenharaunda nezvinokosha. Seshoo Supreme Court Louis Brandeis inocherekedzwa, mashoko anogona ku "kubatira serabhoritari; uye kuedza kuedza kuedza kwamano matsva namagariro enzanga pasina ngozi kusara nyika yose.

Mabasa makuru nemabasa

  • Trashidzo: Hurumende dzinotsigira nokudzora dzidzo yavose K-12, dzinogadza mipimo yezvidzidzo (kubatanidza zvinodikanwa zvokupedza kufunda pachikoro chapamusoro), dzinotarisira mayunivhesiti ehurumende namakoreji enzanga, uye kazhinji kazhinji dzinotungamirira mipimo yemari yeruwa yechikoro.
  • Transpartiation neInsfracrable: Nyika dzine mutoro wokuvaka nokuchengeta migwagwa yehurumende, mabhiriji, uye nhandare dzendege. Dzine nzira huru dzakawanda dzinobatanidza maguta namataundi, uye kazhinji kazhinji dzinotarisira kunyoresa kwemotokari nokugadzira motokari.
  • Madhipatimendi outano hwehurumende anotarisira zvinyorwa zvinokosha, anodzora zvipatara nemisha inochengeterwa vakwegura, anotungamirira gadziriro dzoutano dzavanhu dzinofambirwa nehurumende, uye anotsinhirana kusvotsvotsvo kusvotsvo. Mapurisa ehurumende anomanikidzira mitemo pamigwagwa mikuru yehurumende uye anobetsera kuchengetwa kwomutemo kwomunzvimbomo.
  • .Legal ne Tsvene: Hurumende inoita mitemo youtsotsi, nepo gadziriro dzedare rehurumende dzinobata mativi makuru ekakavadzano dzapamutemo (magakava, zvibvumirano, kutonga kwoutsotsi). Majeri ehurumende anoisa vapari vemhosva, uye mabhodhi ehurumende anodzora gadziriro dzokusunungura dzapakuvamba.
  • [[FLT: 0] Environnical Management:[[[FLT: 1] masangano eHurumende anodzivirira mhoteredzo anomanikidzira kudzorwa kweshatiso, anotarisira mapaki ehurumende nenhamburiko dzokuchengetedza mhuka, uye anotarisira gadziriro dzemhoteredzo dzehurumende dzakafanana neCease Water Act iri mukati memiganhu yawo.

Kuvakwa kweHurumende yeHurumende

Kuratidzira muenzaniso womubatanidzwa, hurumende iri yose ine mapazu matatu, kunyange zvazvo mazita namasangano akananga anogona kusiana. Bazu guru rinotungamirirwa naGavhuna, anosarudzwa munyika yose uye ane masimba okutarisira masangano ehurumende, anokarakadza bhajeti, uye kusayina kana kuti mutemo wehurumende. Bazu remitemo yemitemo rinowanzova bimeral (kunze kweNebraska, ine mutemo wemitemo wehurumende usati waitwa) uye rine mutoro wokunyora mitemo yenyika. Hurumende dzinosarudzwa mumaruwa mukati mehurumende. Mapazu edare anotonga anodudzira mitemo yehurumende nemitemo yemitemo, namabhii, namasangano anodzora vatongi.

Hurumende inoreva kuti mitemo inogona kusiana zvikuru pakati pehurumende. Somuenzaniso, mitemo yemitero inobatanidza mari yemitero inotambirwa nenhamba dzemitero yemitero nenhamba dzemitero yemari inotengeswa nejenatsi dzakarongwa pamwero wehurumende. Dzimwe nyika hadzina mutero womunhu oga wemari (um., Texas, Florida, Nevada), nepo dzimwe dzine zvivako zvemitero zvinofambira mberi (mhiko, California, New York). Nenzira yakafanana, nyika dzine rusununguko rwakafara pamusoro pemitemo yembanje, uye dzinoshandisa pamutemo apo dzimwe dzinoirambidza zvakasimba. Uku kuchinja kunotapura zvakananga apo vanhu vanosarudza kugara, kuita bhizimisi, uye kurega basa.

Hurumende Yomunzvimbomo: Mutsetse Wakatanhamara Webasa Romunzanga

Hurumende yomunzvimbomo ndiwo mwero wapedyo zvikurusa uye unooneka wehurumende mutsika yako yezuva nezuva. Inobata mabasa emaoko anotapura zvakananga zvinhu zvako, chengeteko, uye kunaka kwoupenyu. Matura, maguta, misha, uye maruwa chaiwo (semapuranga ezvikoro, maruwa omwoto, uye zviremera zvemvura) anoumba nzvimbo dzehurumende dzomunzvimbomo. Nepo vari zvikamu zvehurumende zvinodzora uye vanowana chiremera kumutemo wenyika, kazhinji kazhinji vane chisarudzo chakafara pamusoro penhau dzomunharaunda.

Mabasa eCore paNhengo yeMusha

  • Safety yePublic: Madhipatimendi emapurisa omunharaunda, madhipatimendi emoto, uye mabasa okurapa ekurumidziro (EMS) ndizvo zvinotanga kupindura njodzi munharaunda yako. Mitemo inoraira kuvaka mitemo yekotsekano nenzvimbo. Mitemo yemotokari, miganhu yemipakidzo, uye miganhu yeruzha inodzo yomunzvimbomo.
  • Polic Works neIntrastruction: Hurumende dzomunharaunda dzinochengeta migwagwa mukati memiganhu yeguta, dzinodzora mvura netsvina, dzinounganidza tsvina, dzinochengeta mapaki nenzvimbo dzenhandaro, uye dzinoshandisa gadziriro dzokufambisa vanhu (mabhazi, giramu).
  • [[FLT: 0] Maruwa eIndaneti eChikoro: Munyika zhinjisa, mabhodhi ezvikoro omunzvimbomo (akarongwa kana kuti akagadzwa) anotarisira mabasa ezuva nezuva ezvikoro zvavose, vatarisiri vanoripirwa basa, vanoronga mabhajeti, uye vanotarisira mibhadharo yomudzidzisi namabvumirano mukati memipimo yedzidzo yehurumende.
  • Kupasa nokuisa: Hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzinogadzira gadziriro huru dzenzvimbo, dzinogadza mitemo yokuronga inogona kuvakwa uko (pane nzvimbo, kutengeserana, maindasitiri), mvumo dzokuvaka, uye kumanikidzira mabumbiro edzimba kuvimbisa kuvakwa.
  • Matare enharaunda: matare aMinicipa anotonga kuputswa kuduku, matikiti emotokari, uye nharo duku dzehurumende. matare eruwa anotonga mhaka dzakakomba zvikuru asi achiri rutivi rwegadziriro yokutonga yehurumende.

Marudzi Akasiyana - siyana Ehurumende Yomunzvimbomo

  • Minicalities (Makurukota naMadown): kazhinji kazhinji inodzorwa nameya akasarudzwa (kuuraya) nedare reguta (kuuraya). Vamwe vanoshandisa gadziriro ye "meya ine simba" umo meya ane simba guru rokudzora, nepo vamwe vanoshandisa gadziriro ye "council-manager" umo maneja weguta akasarudzwa, anoumbwa nedare, anoshanda mabasa ezuva nezuva.
  • Zvikamu zvikuru zvenzvimbo dzakakura izvo zvinobatanidza nharaunda dzose dziri mbiri dzemaguta namaruwa, kubatanidza manisiparati akawanda mukati memiganhu yazvo. Mabhiritari anobata mabasa anoyambuka miganhu yeguta rimwe nerimwe, zvakadai sematare eruwa, mitero yezvinhu, majeri, makiriniki outano, uye magorokotera pakati pamataundi (g., migwagwa yenyika, mapaki eruwa).
  • Maruwa: Independent, mapoka ehurumende ane zvinangwa zvakaganhurirwa akagadzirwa kuti aite basa rakati. Anozivikanwa zvikurusa maruwa echikoro. Mamwe anobatanidza maruwa emvura, maruwa edziyo, maruwa eraibhurari, uye zviremera zvokufambisa vanhu vose. Ane mabhodhi okutonga adzo anowanzosarudzwa navagari voruwa.

Zvisarudzo zvehurumende yomunzvimbomo zvine tapuro yakananga zvikurusa pamipimo yezvinhu navanhu vomunzanga. Chisarudzo chedare reguta chokudzosa nzvimbo isina chinhu kubva mudzimba kuenda kukutengeserana kwakakwirira kunogona kuchinja kunzwa kwenharaunda usiku. Mari yedare rechikoro inogona kubvisa nziyo kana kuti gadziriro dzemitambo. Kirasi yejekiseni yezvoutano yeruwa inogona kudzivisa kuvamba kwehosha. Kupinda musangano wedare reguta kana kuti rusando rwedare rechikoro kazhinji kazhinji ndiyo nzira yokukurumidza zvikurusa kuona nayo democracy muminoloji panhau dzaunotarisira pamusoro padzo.

Kupinda Kwakaita Mamirire Akaita Zvinhu Akadai Uye Kutapura Upenyu Hwako

Kunzwisisa mitsetse yacho kunokosha, asi nzwisiso yechokwadi inobva mukuona kuti inoshanda sei pamwe chete (kana kuti pane dzimwe nguva pazvinangwa zvinopesana) kuti ipedze migumisiro yaunowana. Hapana nhau huru inopedzwa nemwero mumwe chete. Rangarira iyi mienzaniso:

  • Hurumende yehurumende yehurumende inogovera mari (mutoo, Muturo Ndinopa zvikoro zvakaderera zvinowana mari) ndokugadza zvinodikanwa zvakafara zvekodzero dzavagari vemo. Hurumende inogadza mipimo yedzidzo, inoita mipimo mipimo, uye mari yakawanda yemari yemari yechikoro kupfurikidza nemitero yehurumende. dare rechikoro rinobhadharira vakuru vakuru nevadzidzisi, rinosarudza karenda yechikoro, uye rinotarisira mhoteredzo yezuva nezuva rokudzidza. Kana mubereki achiitira hanya pamusoro pokuita kwomudzidzisi kana kuti kunaka kwesayenzi, nharaunda yavo yekurukurirano yapanguva dzose ndeyechikoro chomunzvimbomo, kwete Washington C.
  • Commute yomunzvimbomo: Interstate Highway System yakabhadharwa nehurumende uye inovakirwa kumipimo yehurumende. Department of Trast inotarisira migwagwa yehurumende nekurukurirano dzenyika mukati memiganhu yayo. Hurumende yeguta romunzvimbomo ine mutoro wokugadzira migwagwa yeguta, kuronga kwechiedza pamharamo dzemigwagwa, uye kubviswa kwechando mumigwagwa yomunharaunda. Chirongwa chikuru chokuvaka mugwagwa chingabatanidza mari yomubatanidzwa, kuronga nharaunda, uye mvumo yomunzvimbomo.
  • Nhanho Yenyu Youtano: Hurumende yehurumende inopa mitero yeMedica nokuda kwavakweguru uye inogadza zvinodikanwa zvokupedzisa nokuda kwegadziriro dzeinishuwarenzi youtano pasi peMitemo yeAffordic Care Act. Nyika dzinotarisira misika yadzo dzoutano, dzinodzora makambani einishuwarenzi echibharo chevana vezveutano, uye dzinotarisira purogiramu yeReal Health Inshuwarence Program (CHIP). Madhipatime outano omunharaunda yomunzvimbomo anopa makiriniki apachena kana kuti mapepa anopi, maresitorendi, uye anogovera dzidzo yenzanga yezvoutano.
  • Unokubhadhara:[[FT:1] Unobhadhara mutero wemari yehurumende kuInternational Revolution Service. Unobhadhara mutero wemari yehurumende (kana uchigara muhurumende pamwe) uye mutero wemari patenga. Unobhadhara mutero wezvinhu womunzvimbomo kuruwa rwako kana kuti guta, zvikoro zvemari, migwagwa, uye mabasa omunzvimbomo. Chitsama chaunobhadhara uye kuti mari iyoyo inotsamira sei pazvisarudzo zvinotsaurwa pamwero yose mitatu.

Kana muitiro unobudirira, mwero yose inogamuchira chikwereti. Apo inokundikana, mwero mumwe nomumwe ungapa mhaka mumwe nomumwe. Asi kunzwisisa mugove womutoro kunokubetsera kutungamirira bvumirano yako nenzira inobudirira. Kana uchida kufambiswa navanhu vose kuri nani, unofanira kuziva kana nhau yacho iri nechiremera chebhazi rako romunzvimbomo, nzira yako yokufambisa inotsigirwa nemari, kana kuti mari yehurumende yokufambisa.

Nzira Dzinoshanda Dzokubatana Nehurumende Yako

Kuvimbisana uchiita zvinhu uine chinangwa kunoita kuti uone kuti zvaunoda uye zvaunokoshesa ndezvechokwadi, asi kuvimbisana kunobudirira kunowanzova nechiremera panhau yekuva nehanya kwako.

  • Misangano yoMunharaunda: Misangano yemasangano eguta, masangano eruwa, uye kutongwa kwedare rechikoro zvakazarukira vanhu. Zvizhinjisa zvinobatanidza tsinhiro yapachena" apo unogona kutaura zvakananga kuvakuru vakuru vako vakasarudzwa pamusoro penhau dzomunzvimbomo kwamaminiti matatu kusvikira kumashanu.
  • Kuvhota muNzvimbo iri yose: Kuvhota kwakaderera zvikuru, kureva kuti vhoti yako inotakura uremu hukuru. Sarudzo chaidzo nokuda kwezvisungo zvechikoro, shata yeguta, uye nzvimbo dzeruwa dzinogona kuva netapuro huru, bva shomanene se 10-20 muzana yavavhoti vakakodzera vangakanda bhorats.
  • Kuonana navamiriri Vako: runhare, maemail, uye tsamba kunhau yehofisi yomumiririri wako. Nokuda kwenhau dzehurumende, onai mumiriri wenyu kana kuti vamiriri veU.S. nokuda kwenhau dzehurumende, onai State Sreadergistrate kana kuti State Senator. Panhau dzomunzvimbomo, taurai nomutezo weGuta kana kuti Commission. Ivai akananga pamusoro pepepa kana kuti mutezo wamuri kunongedzera kwairi.
  • Pikai Dare reNzanga kana kuti Dare: Hurumende zhinji dzomunzvimbomo dzine mabhodhi okushandisa (mapurani okugadzira zvinhu, mapaki uye mabhodhi enhandaro, mabhodhi eraibhurari) akagadzwa nameya kana kuti dare.
  • Shandisa Masuo eMitemo: Sextechs se USA.gov inogovera nzira kumabasa ehurumende uye mashoko emitezo mitatu yose. National Gavhuna Association inopa nzwisiso munhau dzehurumende. Nokuda kwemashoko omunzvimbomo, tsvaka guta rako kana kuti website yesangano rehurumende. Hurumende dzakawanda dzomunzvimbomo dzinopinda misangano yepasi pevhu uye dzinogamuchira tsinhiro dzavose kupfurikidza nemaemail kana kuti mawebhuro.
  • Kutevera Mapepanhau eMunda neMubatanidzwa Group: Zvinyorese kupepanhau romunzvimbomo kana kuti tevera nzvimbo dzenhau dzomunharaunda. Ivai mapoka enzanga anoona nezvenzanga (semapoka eInheveri kana kuti eFacebook yomunzvimbomo) uko vagari vanokurukura mabasa ehurumende nenhau.

mhedziso

Hurumende dzinochinja mitemo iyoyo kuti iende kuzvinhu zvinoda kugadziriswa zviripo muUnited States. Hurumende dzinoita gadziriro inoshanda yenzanga yako, nyika, uye nyika. Hurumende dzinochinja mitemo iyi kuti iende kuzvinhu zvinoda kunzi ishande zvinenge zvatoda kudarika nyika. Hurumende dzinopa mabasa anokosha anoita kuti upenyu hwezuva nezuva hubvire uye huve nyore. Nokunzwisisa munhu ane simba rechinetso chakapiwa, kana kuti mashandire okupinda misangano, kana kuti kuonana nevakuru vakuru vakuru vakuru vehurumende.