Nei Kuongorora Zvinhu Zvakaoma Iye Zvino Kuchine Zvakunonyanya Kukosha Kupfuura Kare

Mano okunzvera mashoko neziso rokunzwisisa ave achikosha nguva dzose, asi muzana ramakore rechi21 azova mutoro wehurumende usiri wekuzvidira. Zuva riri rose, vanhu vanosangana nenhau dzemashoko(manyuko, mitezo yemagariro avanhu, kutaura kwechiso, mashoko okupesvedzera, zvinotsigirwa, uye mavhidhiyo ane utachiona. Pasina mano akashandiswa okunzvera aya manyuko, vanhu vanozviisa mungozi yokuita zvisarudzo zvakavakirwa panhema panzvimbo peidi. Uku hakusi kungorovedza kwedzidzowo zvayo; kunotapura zvakananga utano hwavanhu vose, mufambiro wokuvhotera, zvisarudzo zvemari, uye ruvimbo rwenzanga.

Kana zvikamu zvikuru zvevagari vemo zvisingagoni kuziva mashoko akavimbika, kukura kwenzvimbo dzinoparadzana, rondedzero dzegadziriro dzinobudirira, uye gakava remitemo risingabviri muzvinhu chaizvoizvo. Muiyi mhoteredzo, kudzidzisa nokushandisa cherechedzo yokutsoropodza kunokosha sebasa rokuvhota kana kuti redare rinobetsera vatongi.

Hwaro Hwokunzvera Mashoko

Kuongorora mashoko kwakanyanya kunobva panheyo shomanana dzinokosha dzinotanga kare kare pakurukurirano yenyanzvi uye kunyora mashoko.

Kwakabva Kunaka Nechiremera

Danho rokutanga nderokubvunza kuti ndiani akasika mashoko acho uye kuti nei vakakodzera kutaura nezvenyaya yacho.

Kuvhara uye Kuisa Muchinjikwa

Mashoko enzvimbo imwe anofanira kubatwa nguva dzose nokungwarira. Kurevererwa kwechapupu kunoreva kunzvera anenge maviri kana kuti matatu akazvimirira, akavimbika anobvumirana pamaidi enhau. Kana nhau inooneka bedzi pawebsite yokupedzisira kana kuti muchinhu chimwe chinobudisa nhau pasina ufakazi hupi nohupi hunotsigira, panikiro dzakanaka dzinodikanwa.

Uchapupu Hwakanaka uye Kurangarira Kune Mufungo

Kutaura kwakasimba kunoda ufakazi hwakasimba. Rangarira kana mashoko anopiwa achibva kufundo dzinohwirudzurwa namazera, nhamba dzehurumende, kana kuti kushuma kwenzvero dzinodavirwa. Iva akangwarira nokuda kwenhema dzine mufungo(appeals kumirangariro, denho dzenhema dzehominem. Izvi zvinowanzoshandiswa kutsausa ufakazi husinganei.

Chinangwa uye Bias

Kunzwisisa chinangwa ichocho hakurevi kuti zvawaireva ndezvechokwadi, asi kuti kusarura kana kuti kuisa mashoko panzvimbo yakwo kunenge kuchikanganisa chokwadi.

Zvinetso Zvitsva Munzvimbo Dzinogadzirwa Zvinhu Nemadhigirii

Kufara uye kuwanda kwemashoko kunoita kuti kunyange vanhu vanoshingaira vaomerwe nokuramba vachidzidza.

Mashoko Akawandisa Nokuneta Kwokuranga

Apo vanhu vanotutirwa nezviuru zvemashoko zuva rimwe nerimwe, uropi hunoshandisa nzira duku. Iyi nhambo yokufunga inokuita kuti kuve nyore kugamuchira musoro mukuru wenhau unokwezva kana kuti nzvimbo yemirangariro isina kuva nechokwadi. Kuneta kunotungamirira kuchivimbo chezvinoyera (8) “kana chichibva kushamwari inovimbwa nayo, chinofanira kuva chechokwadi” icho chinogona kushandiswa zvisina kufanira navatambi vakashata.

Kusimbiswa Kwemitemo Yemashoko Asina Kunaka

Masangano ezvokubudisa nhau anoita kuti pave nokuvimbisana, kwete zvakarurama. Maarori anowanzosimudzira zvinhu zvinoparira kuita kwakasimba kwepfungwa ((kutya, kana kuti kutya)) nokuti zvinochengeta vanoshandisa vachipeta. Nhema dzinogona kupararira nokukurumidza nekatanhatu kupfuura nyaya dzechokwadi pamapuratifomu seX (yaimbonzi Twit), maererano nenzvero ya2018. Kusarura uku kwepfungwa dzokuda kunoreva kuti kunyange vashandisi vanosanoziva zvinogona kuratidzirwazve kumashoko enhema.

Kumuka Kwezvimedu Zvikuru Nejecha Rinopfunha

Fai ño rondedzero dzakasimudzirwa muuchenjeri hwokugadzira dzakaita kuti kubvire kuita vhidhiyo chaiyoiyo, yenzwi, uye mifananidzo izvo zvisati zvatongoitika. Chinyuko chitsva chenhema (kushatisa kuri nyore) uye mafikicha akadzikama (Mapikicha akarongwa) zvinodenha mirangariro yegamuchidzanwa yokuona kuti munhu haatendi. Vhidhiyo yakagadzirwa yetestati yezvamatongerwe enyika inotaura chimwe chinhu chinogona kuva nevhairano yechinhu chisati chagona kubata. Ichi chisaririra chitsva chenyenge chinoda vanzveri vanzveri kunzvera nokuda kwemitekiso yemitezo yemitezo, zvakadai semagetsi anovhenekeswa kana kuti masangano ezviono zvisiri zvamuzvarirwo, uye kuvimba namasangano enhau anovimbwa ane nhevedzano yenhau dzinova dzechokwadi.

Kuongorora Kunoita Munhu Anenge Akanganisa

Kunyange vanhu vakadzidza zvikuru vanogona kukurumidza kuongorora pfungwa nenzira isina kunaka.

  • Tsika dzinosimbisa: Kutsvaka nokudavira mashoko anosimbisa zvitendero zviripo pachine nguva mberi asi achifuratira ufakazi hunopokanidza. Iyi ndiimwe yemhinganidzo dzinozivikanwa zvikurusa kuyera kwakananga.
  • [[FFT:0] Muuyo wekunzvera: Vanhu vane zivo yakaderera panhau kazhinji kazhinji vanonyanyova vanopfuura mano avo, kuchivaita kuti vasanyanyokwanisa kunzvera chokwadi kana kuti kubvunza nyanzvi.
  • [[FLT: 0] Kudavirika: Kurangarira bviro yezvinoitika zvakavakirwa pakuti mienzaniso inouya sei kundangariro. Vivid, mashoko asina kururama anoyeukwa anogona kukurira mashoko anoshamisa zvishoma asi akarurama zvikuru.
  • [[FT:0] Kushayisa ngwariro: Kunyanyovimba nechikamu chokutanga chamashoko akawanwa, kunyange kana kuchizoshorwa gare gare. Ikoku kunoita kuti kurasika kuve kwakaoma nemhaka yokuti kutaura kwenhema kwokutanga kunoramba kuchiyeukwa.

Kukunda kusarura uku kunoda kushanda nesimba, zvakadai sokutsvaka maonero akasiyana, kushandisa zvinhu zvakarongwa zvokuongorora, uye kufungisisa usati wataura zviri mazviri.

Mabasa Anoshanda Okuongorora Zuva Nezuva

Zvikamu zvakasiyana - siyana uye ndandanda dzezvinhu izvi zvinogona kubatsira vanhu kunyatsoongorora mashoko pasina kuda kuva nyanzvi yokuongorora chokwadi.

Kuedza KweCRAAP

Yakatanga kugadzirwa navanoyera, CRAAP kuedza kunoyera Nhamba (nguva), revo [[ (ikushandira zvinodikanwa zvako), uori [[FLT]] [ichisakiso], [[FLT]] ungwara [[[FLT:]] (iingwararo yezvinodikanwa neufakazi), na[FLT:] PURT] [[FLT] [inenge] [inenge riripo nokuda kwokuvapo). shandisa izvi zvikamu zvishanu kuidzodzosera kana kuti ipfuure.

Nzira Yokushandisa

Kudzidza kwakaitwa naMike Caulfield paWashington State University, kwakagadzirwa kuti kushandisirwe zvinhu zvakatipoteredza paIndaneti:

  1. [[FT:0] Mira: usati wagoverana kana kuti kuita chimwe chinhu. Cherechedza mamiriro ako ezvinhu emirangariro ndokubvunza kana uchida mamwe mashoko.
  2. [ Kurukura manyuko: Wana kuti ndiani akasika zviri mukati uye kana zvichizivikanwa nokuda kwokuvimbika.
  3. Wana kubhadharwa kwakavimbika: Tsvaka mamwe manyuko ane chiremera anoshuma nhau imwe cheteyo. Kana pasina, itai seisina kusimbiswa.
  4. zvinotaura, kunokora mashoko, uye zvinobudisa nhau kumashoko apakuvamba: Trimes reconformation recomments kubva pakushuma kwapakuvamba. Kwira kufundo yapakuvamba, kutaura, kana kuti kudhinda.

Kurava Kwapashure

Nyanzvi dzinoongorora zvinhu dzinoshandisa kuverenga mashoko epashure: Panzvimbo pokurambira pawebsite imwe chete kuti vaone kuvimbika kwayo, vanovhura matebhisi matsva kuti vaone kuti mamwe mabhuku akakurumbira anotii nezvenzvimbo iyoyo kana kuti zvaanotaura. Nzira iyi inoshanda zvikuru kupfuura kuverenga zvakatsiga (kupedzisa peji imwe kuti zvive zvinobatsira). Kudzidzisa vadzidzi kwakaratidza kuti vafambira mberi pakukwanisa kwavo kuziva zvinotsausa.

Basa Remasangano Edzidzo

Kunyange zvazvo masangano akawanda achitodzidzisa unyanzvi hwokutsvakurudza, pfungwa yacho inofanira kukura kuti isanganisirwe kuverenga nokunyora zvinhu zvemakombiyuta, kuongorora mashoko asiri iwo, uye kuongorora pfungwa dzevanhu paIndaneti.

Kunyora Nokunyora Zvinobudisa Mashoko Kupfuura Nepane Imwe Nyika

Makirasi okunyora nokunyora mashoko anokosha, asi unyanzvi hunofanira kusimbiswa munhau, sayenzi, utano, uye kunyange makirasi emasvomhu. Somuenzaniso, kuongorora gwaro renhau paIndaneti rinodzidzisa kuongororwa kwapaindaneti; kuongorora mashoko outano hwevhairasi anodzidzisa kuongorora uchapupu. Stanford History Education Group yakagadzira tsvakurudzo dzinoyera kuti vadzidzi vanosiyanisa sei kushambadza nenhau, vanoziva tsvo, uye vanoongorora manyuko enzanga.

Fundo Dzenhau Mukamuri Rekirasi

Kushandisa mienzaniso chaiyoiyo yenyika yemashoko asina kururama − yakadai sechirongwa chePizagate, mashoko asina kururama enhomba, kana kuti mifananidzo yakashandiswa kubva kukusabvumirana nejekiseni(nziyo) inobetsera vadzidzi kuona miuyo yokunzvera kusina kunaka. Iyi nzvero inofanira kubatanidza zvirimo zvokutsausa zvapakuvamba, ufakazi hwokuti chakachinyima, uye kuvadziko yenzanga yakavapo somuuyo.

Kupa Vadzidzi Simba Rokugadzira, Kwete Kungofungawo Zvacho

Apo vanhu vaduku vanodzidza kubudisa mashoko avo vamene ari mukati menyu — mabhukwana, mavhidhiyo, mapepa okunzvera — zvinova zvinoziva zvikuru nezvenhamburiko inodikanwa kuva yakarurama. Vanodzidzawo kuonga mitoro yetsika yokubudisa. Programu dzakadai semawebsite enhau evadzidzi kana kuti zvirongwa zvokurondedzera nhau zvemichina zvinogona kuva zvinobudirira.

Inzwano yokunze: [ ... Santford History Education Group – Civic Online Reasoning[

Ruzivo Rwokugadzira Zvinhu Sezvinetso Nenzira Yokuzvipedza Nayo

Zvikamu zvemagetsi zvinowanzoshandiswa kuzivisa mashoko asina kururama, asi zvinopawo zvishandiso zvakasimba zvokuongorora pazvinenge zvashandiswa zvakanaka.

Nzvimbo Dzinoongorora Chokwadi Nezvikamu Zvinoratidza Mabhuku

  • CKC.org uye PolitiFOC inogovera tsarudzo dzinopfuurira dzezvirevo zvamatongerwe enyika.
  • Snopes dzinofukidza runyerekupe rwoutachiona nengano dzomumaguta.
  • [[NHAU]] Izvodi Nzvero[ uye
  • Kachipanyu kekuwedzera kakadai se [[FLT]NewsGuander ratidzira kuyera kuvimba kwenzvimbo dzenhau mukutsvaka miuyo zvakananga.
  • Media Bias/Fact cheki inopa fungidziro dzakazvimirira dzorusaruro noruvimbiko muzviuru zvamanyuko.

Zvishandiso zvokusimbisa nazvo zvinoumbwa neAi

Ungwaru hwakagadzirwa hunogona kunzvera mifananidzo kuti huwane zviratidzo zvokuchinja, kutsvakisisa mufananidzo wakasiyana - siyana kuti uwane manyuko apakuvamba, uye kunzvera mashoko emitoo yemitauro inozivikanwa mungano. Zvishandiso zvakafanana ne INVID (kuti zvive zvechokwadi) uye TINE] [[[FLT]]] [[FLT]] (kunzvera mufananidzo) zvinoshandiswa nevatori venhau. Zvisinei, maturusi aya anoda kurovedzwa kuti ashandise zvakanaka uye haasati ari zvidzivisi zvenhema zvebuchipameso, haatsiri zvokutonga kwevanhu.

Kushuma Michina Yezvinobudisa Nhau Zvenzanga

Vashandisi pazvikuva zvakadai seYouTube, Facebook, uye TikTok vanogona kushuma zviri mukati zvavanonyumwira kuva zvenhema. Mishumo iyi inomutsa kuhwirudzura kwomukati, kunyange zvazvo kushanda nokusachinja kwekudzikamisa kwechikuva kuchiri kunetsa. Kuziva kuti ungashuma sei mashoko asina kururama(/ndizvo kuita apo zvakafanira(chiito chaichoicho chinoitwa nevoruzhinji.)

Chinzwano changaphandle:

Mitoro Yemashoko Mugadziriro Yemashoko

Nzvero inokasharara hahusi unyanzvi bedzi hwomunhu oga; ibasa ravose. Nguva iri yose apo munhu anogoverana nhau pasina kunzvera kuti ndeyechokwadi, ivo vanopinza mungozi kuvadziko. Mishformation inogona kutungamirira kukuzengurira kwenhomba, kudzorwa kwasarudzo, kutsoropodzwa kwemari, uye kunyange masimba masimba. Ruzivo rukurusa iko kunokosha kwehurumende yedemocracy inoshanda, uye mugari woga mumwe nomumwe anogoverana mutoro wokuchengeta nheyo iyoyo.

Basa Rokururamisa Nekudzidzisa

Paunosangana neshamwari kana kuti vemhuri vachitaura mashoko enhema, kururamisa kungava kwokungwarira. Nzira inoshanda zvikurusa ndeyokuisa ngwariro paufakazi panzvimbo pokudenha munhu wacho.Ipa mamwe manyuko. Kubvunza pamusoro peapo vakawana mashoko acho, uye goverana mutoo wako umene wokuyera nawo. Kuarangarira sechinetso chakagoveranwa.

Kutsigira Kuwana Mabhuku Akanaka

Kunzvera mapepanhau kunodhura, asi ndiimwe yedziviriro dzakanakisisa mukurwisana namashoko asina kururama. Kuzviisa kunzvimbo dzinobudisa nhau dzakakurumbira, kupira kumasangano enhau asingapinduri mhindu, uye kutsigira kutsigira kupiwa kwemari yavose kwepurogiramu dzokunyora nokunyora zvinobudisa nhau zvose zviito zvehurumende. Apo vagari vemo vanokoshesa mapepanhau ane runako, musika wokuwedzera kana kuti kubhadhara zviri mukati.

Kubatanidzwa Mumikana Yokutonga Neyavanhu

Kutarisana nekurukurirano muhoro dzetaundi, misangano yezvikoro, kana kuti mapoka enzanga anowanzotsamira pamashoko akabatanidzwa munzvimbomo. Kushandisa unyanzvi humwe chetehwo hwokuyera hwunonzi nerokuyera nahwo, kusimbisa mashoko, kunzwisisa mahedheni emunzvimbomo kudzivirira ruvimbo rwenzanga. Maraibhurari anowanzova nenzvimbo dzokushandira pakunyora nokunyora napakunyora; kupinda kana kuti kuzvipira kunosimbisa kusimba kwenzanga yose.

Kunzwisisa Nyika Yose Kunokonzerwa Nokuverenga Mashoko

Nyika dzakasiyana - siyana dzakatanga nzira dzakasiyana - siyana dzokuita nadzo zvinhu zvakavakirwa pamamiriro adzo ezvinhu uye masangano ezvematongerwe enyika.

  • Finland yave iri mutungamiriri mukubatanidza kurava nokunyora zvinobudisa nhau mudzidzo yazvo yorudzi kubvira pazera rapakuvamba. Vadzidzi vanodzidza kuziva paradziro, kunzvera kushambadzira, uye kunzwisisa kuti maatomu anoshanda sei anoumba sei murangariro wavo. Iyi purojeti refu yenguva yakaparira kuvimba kukuru muzvinobudisa nhau napasi pano kubvisa mashoko.
  • .Taiwan akatanga gadziriro yokukurumidza kubudisa mukati medenda reCOVID-19, umo masangano ehurumende navacherekedzi veidi vakashanda pamwe chete kubvisa ngano dzoutano dzakashata mukati memaawa. Vagari vakakurudzirwa kushandisa mutsetse wakatsaurirwa kushuma mashoko anonyumwira.
  • The European Union yakapfuudza Masangano eDzinoera, inoda zvikuva zvikuru kuti ongorore ngozi dzine chokuita nokuparadzira zviri mukati zvisiri pamutemo kana kuti kubvisa mashoko uye kuita matanho okudzikamisa. Inotsigirawo mibatanidzwa inoongorora chokwadi.
  • Nyika zhinji dzichiri kubudirira dzinotarisana nedenho yakawedzerwa yetsika dzakaderera dzokurava nokunyora nokuwana makombiyuta mashoma, zvichiita kuti runyerekupe rwazadziswe zvive manyuko makuru enhau. Grassroots rovedza vatungamiriri venzanga kusimbisa uye kururamisa mashoko enhema mumitauro yomunzvimbomo.

Inzaniwo yokunze: Finlandn National Soundnable Institute – Media Literacclipy

Kuvaka Miitiro Youpenyu Hwose Nokuda Kwekutsvinda Kwemashoko

Kuongorora zvinhu zvakanaka hakusi chidzidzo chenguva imwe chete; kunofanira kuva tsika, yakafanana nokugeza maoko kana kuti kutarisa mativi ose ari maviri usati wayambuka mugwagwa.

  • Shuga usati wagoverana. Zvibvunze umene kuti: Ini ndakasimbisa ikoku here? Ndinganzwa ndakasununguka here kudzivirira uku kutaura kunyanzvi? Kumira kwechipiri kunogona kudzivisa mhosho dzakawanda.
  • Kuisa mupimo wezvokudya zvako zvenhau. Tevera manyuko ane mirangariro yakasiana yezvamatongerwe enyika asi mukurumbira wokururama. Ikoku kunokuratidzira kumifungo yakasiana nepo uchigara mukati megadziriro yokuvimbika.
  • Ramba uchipanikira zvinonyandura mirangariro.
  • [ Ziva mirangariro yako umene nguva dzose. Teerera kunharo dzamusingabvumirani nadzo mukutenda kwakanaka. Shandisa mapepa akafanana neIntelligent Disagreement kana kuti nhau dzisingatori rutivi kudenha fungidziro dzako.

mhedziso

Kuongorora mashoko hakuchisiri basa rokuwedzera redzidzo risingasarudzirwi; ibasa rinodzivirira kuzvitonga kwomunhu oga uye kuita zvisarudzo pamwe chete. Masangano emashoko azvino uno akagadzirirwa kushandisa zvisina kunaka zvevanhu, asi anopawo zvishandiso uye zvinhu zvinotibatsira kuti tidzokere shure. Nokudzidzisa unyanzvi uhwu muzvikoro, kuhushandisa muupenyu hwezuva nezuva, uye kutsigira masangano anobudisa mashoko akavimbika, munhu mumwe nomumwe anogona kubatsira kuti pave nenzanga ine ruzivo uye inochinja.

Munguva iyo mashoko anogona kushandiswa zvombo, dziviriro ine simba zvikurusa ihurumende inoziva nzira yokubvunza nayo mibvunzo yakarurama uye kubvunza mhinduro dzinogutsa. Basa racho rinogoverana, uye nguva yokuita chiito yasvika.