Kurwisana Kunotsungirira: Kusunungurwa Kwehurumende Noutano Hwavanhu Vose Munguva Dzakashata

SAYA reCHOVID-19 rinomanikidzira nzanga munyika yose kupinda murwisano isina muenzaniso pakati perusununguko rwomunhu nekotsekano yakabatana. Sezvo hurumende dzakaisa ganhuriro nokukurumidza kupfuudzira utachiona kusingadzoreki, kubva pamirairo yokugara pamusha kumiramira mirayiro nezvinodikanwa zvenhomba, nhau yehwaro yakava isingadzivisiki: Panguvai inodzivirira utano hwevanhu inoruramisa kuganhurira rusununguko rwevagari vemo? Uku kuoma kwendangariro hakusi kutsva, asi mwero nemwero yedenderedzwa redenderedzwa retsaru, kuparira zvinetso zvapamutemo, kurangarirazverwa kwapachena, uye kurangarirwazve kwomugariro wevatano pakati pehurumende nomunhu mukati memigariro youtano.

Kurondedzera Kusunungurwa Kwevagari Vemo Nebasa Ravo Munjodzi

Rusununguko rwavagari vemo idziviriro dzinodzivirira vanhu pakunyengerwa nehurumende. Idzi hadzisi ropafadzo dzinopiwa nehurumende asi kodzero dzinogarwa nenzanga yakasununguka, dzakaiswa mubumbiro remitemo kana kuti gadziriro dzekodzero dzevanhu. Dzinobatanidza rusununguko rwokutaura, kodzero yokuva woga, rusununguko rwokufambika, kodzero yokuungana zvine rugare, uye rusununguko rwechitendero. Pakunenge pane mamiriro ezvinhu okukurumidzira, rusununguko urwu runogona kutarisana neganhuriro dzisingabvumiki munguva dzose. Chinetso chikuru chiripo mukuvimbisa kuti ganhuriro dzipi nedzipi dzinoruramiswa, dzinowirirana nemutemo, nguva, dzinodzorwa, uye dzinodzorwa.

Kushomeka Kwamaruramiro Kunotapurwa Zvikurusa Neganhuriro

Mukati medenda racho, dzimwe rusununguko rwevanhu rwakava mudzvinyiriro yakananga sezvo hurumende dzaitsvaka kudzora mufambiro wavanhu kuti dzidzore kupfuudzwa kwecheni.

  • Rusununguko rweNhamba[[FLT: 1]: Kuvharwa kwemitemo, kurambidzwa kwerwendo, uye kuvharwa kwemuganhu kwakaganhurirwa uko vanhu vaigona kuenda uye panguva. Idzi dzakanga dziri pakati pemipimo yakapararira zvikurusa neinodzosera kutevedzerwa munyika yose.
  • Kurudyi rweGungano [[FLT: 1]: Kurambidza kuungana kwavose, kuvharwa kwenzvimbo dzokunamatira, uye ganhuriro pakuramba zvakaganhurira zvakananga kodzero yavanhu yokuungana nokuda kwamadonzo ezvamatongerwe enyika, enzanga, kana kuti orudzidziso.
  • [ Kururama nokuva woga: Kushanda kurongeka, kunyorwa kwenzvimbo, kuunganidzwa kwemashoko outano, uye kuziviswa kwapamutemo kwenzvimbo yenhomba kwakamutsa itiro hanya dzakakomba dzekuvandika. Mitezo yeSurveillance yaigadzirirwa utano hwavanhu kazhinji kazhinji yaisashaikwa zvitsama zvakajeka zvokuvira kwezuva.
  • Rusununguko rweChiratidzo[[FLT: 1]: Kufushaira pamashoko asina kururama, nepo kuchiitirwa kudzivirira utano hwavanhu, pane dzimwe nguva kwakajekeswa mukusaidzirwa kwekusabvumirana kwapamutemo kana kuti kutsoropodzwa kwemitemo yehurumende.
  • [[FLT: 0] Rusununguko rwoRudzidziso[[FLT: 1]: Mifungo yechechi, misikiti, masinagoge, uye tembere, pamwe chete neganhuriro pamitambo yorudzidziso, zvakanyandura kukwirirana nenharo pamusoro penzvimbo yokutanga yokushandisa kworudzidziso mukati menhambo yenhamo.

Matanho Outano Hwevanhu Vose: Kudiwa uye Kunyanya Kubudirira

Mipimo youtano yavose imitoo inotsigirwa nesayenzi yakagadzirirwa kudzivirira utano hwevanhu. Mudenda, matanho aya anovavarira kuderedza kupfuudzwa, kudzivisa kunyanyowandisa kwegadziriro yeutano, uye kudzivirira njodzi. Zvisinei, kuitwa kweidzi nhanho kazhinji kazhinji kunofamba zvakanaka pakati pedziviriro iri madikanwa nedzokudzora. Kushanda kwemwero hakungodzivisi kukanganisa maruramiro avanhu; mwero wacho unofanira kuvawo chisarudzo chinoganhurirwa zvikuru chinowanika kuwana nharidzano youtano yavose.

Kupindira Kunozivikanwa Navose Nokubuda Kwakwo Mubhizimisi

  • Mask Manutes: Nepo zvichigamuchirwa zvikuru sechipindiso chinoshanda chetsoro, zvibvumikiso zvokuvhara kumeso munzvimbo dzavose zvakadenhwa pazvikonzero zvokuzvitonga kwomunhu oga uye kuperera mumuviri.
  • Vaccine Mancday[[FL:1]: Zvinodikanwa zvenhomba kuti munhu awane nzvimbo dzebasa, zvikoro, maresitorendi, kana kuti kufamba zvakanga zviri pakati pezviito zvinoparadzanisa zvikurusa. Vakamutsa mibvunzo pamusoro poutongi hwomuviri, kubvumira kworuzivo, uye ganhuriro dzesimba rehurumende mukurapa kunogombedzera.
  • Quarantine and Zoom leslected Orders[[FLT: 1]: Kuparadzaniswa kwokumanikidzira kwavanhu vane hosha uye kuparadza vanhu vakaratidzirwa kunoganhurira zvakananga rusununguko rwokufamba. Kumanikidza kwakabva pakubvuma kwokuzvidira kuenda kuutariri hwemagetsi nezvirango zvapamutemo.
  • [[FLT: 0] Digital From Tracing[[FLT: 1]: Apps negadziriro dzinoronda pedyo pakati pavanhu zvakamutsa itiro hanya dzokunzvera, zvikurukuru apo mashoko aiiswa pakati kana kuti akanga asina dziviriro dzakasimba dzakavanzika.
  • Uropi neSchool Clombures: Nepo zvakanangidzirwa kuderedza kupfuudzwa, uku kuvharwa kwakanga kune miuyo mikuru yemari, yedzidzo, uye yenzanga iyo yakatapura nomutoo usingaenzaniswi nzanga dzinowanwa dzakaderera nemhuri.

Basa Repamutemo: Constitution and Human Rights Foundations

Gadziriro yapamutemo yokudzikamisa rusununguko rwevagari vemo noutano hwavanhu inosiana kupfurikidza nokutonga, asi nheyo dzinozivikanwa navose dzinobuda mugadziriro dzehurumende dzinosarudzwa navanhu.

Kudzivirirwa kweBumbiro reMitemo muUnited States

MuUnited States, Bumbiro reMitemo rinogovera nheyo yerusununguko rwavagari vemo urwo runogona kuganhurirwa bedzi mumigariro yakati. Dare rapamusorosoro rakaziva munhau masimba akafara amapurisa ehurumende kudzivirira utano hwavanhu, kudzokera shure kuchisarudzo cha 1905 mu Jacobonson v. Massachusetts[[FL:1]], iyo yakatsigira kudzivirira chibhokisi chinorema. Zvisinei, zvinoitika zvazvino uno mukati mekupararira kweCHOVID , zvakazivisa nharaunda yakaoma zvikuru.

  • [[FLT: 0] First Amendment [[FLT: 1]: Denho kuganhuriro pakuungana kworudzidziso nokuramba dzaida matare kushandisa nzvero yakakomba, hurumende dzinogombedzera kuratidza kuti matanho awo akanga akasanokodzerwa nefariro yomugariro inogombedzera.
  • Foundation [[FLT: 1]: Kuitira hanya zvinhu zvakavanzika pamusoro pokuedza kwapamutemo, kunzvera, uye kuunganidzwa kwemashoko outano kwakamutsa mibvunzo pamusoro pokunzvera kusina mufungo nepfari.
  • Fineteth Amendment[[FLT: 1]: Kushandiswa kwakaenzana uye nharo dzokudzivirira zvakanga zviri chinhu chikuru pakudenha mirau inorambidza vashandi vehurumende uye kurapa kwakasiyana - siyana kwevanhu vanobayiwa nhomba dzinopesana nokusarashwa.

Matare makuru akabudisa nhevedzano yemitemo mukati medenda racho, pane dzimwe nguva achitsigira chiremera chehurumende nedzimwe nguva achirwisa matanho akawandisa kana kuti anopa mhaka. Dare Rapamusorosoro reU.S., mumhaka dzakadai se Diocese yeRoman Catholic of Brooklyn v. Cuomo [20], rakaratidzira kuti kunyange mukati medenda, kurovedza kworudzidziso uye dzimwe maruramiro makuru zvinowana dziviriro yakasimba.

Mipimo Yekodzero Dzevanhu Munyika Yose

Siracusa Principles on the Limicture and Decroate of Approgion in International Country on Civil and Polistical Rights inopa gadziriro inogamuchirwa zvikuru nokuda kwokuyera ganhuriro dzoutano hwavanhu. Inoda kuti ganhuriro pakodzero dzinyorwe nomutemo, dzinodikanwa nokuda kwevavariro yapamutemo (yakadai soutano hwavanhu vose), dzinowirirana, uye dzisati dziri dzorusarura. Mukati meCHOVID-19, hurumende dzakawanda dzakakundikana kukundikana mipimo iyi, kugadza matanho pasina tendero yomutemo, kukundikana kuihwirudzura nguva nenguva, kana kuti kuishandisa nenzira isingachinjiki.

Nyanzvi dzeSangano Romubatanidzwa Wenyika Dzapasi Pose dzakayeuchidza dzayeuchidzazve hurumende kuti matanho ekurumidziro anofanira kuramba ari mukati memiganhu yekodzero dzavanhu. Nyika dzine miganhu yakasimba yakazvimirira yedare remitemo netarisiro yeparamende kazhinji kazhinji zvakaita zviri nani mukuchengeta nhevedzano.

Kuongorora Vara: Zvatinodzidza Kumitsetse

Kuongorora kurwisana kwakati kwakaitika panguva iyi kunonyatsoratidza kuti kodzero dzevanhu neutano hwavo zvakanyatsoshanda sei.

Zvibvumirano Zvokuvhara Nekodzero Yokuungana

Muchirimo 2020, kutsutsumwa pamusoro pezvirairidzo zvokusagara pamusha kwakatanga muUnited States, Canada, Europe, uye Australia. Uku kuratidzira kwakapa rwisano yakananga: Vamiriri vamadhimoni vakataura kuti maruramiro avo okutanga Endement akanga achipunzwa murugare, nepo hurumende dzaitaura kuti kuungana kukuru kwaizowedzera utachiona. Matare kazhinji kazhinji akatsigira ganhuriro dzine mufungo pagungano asi akabvisa zvirambidzo zvisina mufungo zvaisangoitwa nokuda kwokuramba kuduku, munzanga. Kuedza kukuru kwapamutemo kwakanga kuri kana hurumende yakanga yaronda zvigadziko zvinoganhurira zvikuru pamberi pokurambidza kukuru.

Majekiseni Emishonga uye Maatomuni

Mirayiro yechenicheni yakamutsa ingava hondo yapamutemo yakasimba zvikurusa yedenda. Kusafanana nemimwe mipimo youtano hwavanhu vose, kudzivirira kunobatanidza kupinda kwakananga mumuviri, kumutsa mibvunzo yomunhu oga huru yeperero yomuviri nechisarudzo chokurapa. MuUnited States, Dare Rapamusoro rakavhara pakupedzisira Occupational Safety neHofisi yezveutano yekurumidziro kuraira vashandirwi vakuru kuti vapedze kudzivirira utachiona, kuwana kuti OSHATA akanga adarika chiremera chake chomubatanidzwa. Zvisinei, Dare rakabvumira zvinodikanwa zvepfumbato nokuda kwavashandi vezvoutano kugamuchira mari yehurumende kuti vamirire.

Tsvakurudzo dzemitemo youtano [[FLT: 1] dzinokarakadza kuti nhomba dzinoraira kuti igare mukati megamuchidzanwa refu remitemo yokudzivirira inomanikidzirwa, asi kumhanya nokufara kweCOVOID - 19 kwakaparira mibvunzo yemitemo mitsva pamusoro pokusunungurwa kworudzidziso, kusunungurwa kwezvokurapa, uye basa rechiremera chehurumende.

Kuziva Kurwadziwa Nokuva Woga muSouth Korea neSingapore

Nyika dzakawanda dzeAsia dzakashandisa nzira dzinoshanda nesimba dzokuongorora nokuongorora kuvamba kwedenda racho. South Korea yakashandisa mashoko eserura enzvimbo yeserura, zvinyorwa zvemakadhi okutenga nechikwereti, uye mativi ekamera kuti aongorore mafambiro evanhu vakatapurwa, kubudisa mashoko ane udzame. Singapore yakagadzira Trace Togeter app yokufamba kweBluetooth. Kunyange zvazvo masangano aya akanzi aidzora kuputika pasina kumira kwakapararira, akamutsa zvinhu zvinokosha. Chidzidzo chinokosha ndechokuti masangano okuongorora zvinhu anodzorwa anoramba achingoramba achingoramba achiedza, uye zvinodzivirira zviri pamutemo zvekudzosa mashoko okupinda nokutarisira kazhinji kacho zvakanga zvisingashandi.

Mabasa Okudzikamisa Kodzero Yomunhu Mumwe Nochengeteko

Zvinetso zvetsika pamhatsa yerusununguko rwevanhu uye utano hwevanhu hazvingodi kuongororwa kwepamutemo chete, asi zvinoda kuudzwa kuti zvizoda kuti vashaye mari yokutengesa kana zvinhu zvikapesana.

Nheyo Yakashata Nezvakanaka Zvikuru

John Stuart Mill inokarakadza kuti hurumende ingaganhurira rusununguko rwomunhu oga bedzi kudzivisa kuvadziko kuvamwe. Izvozvi zvinopa ruramiso yakasimba nokuda kwezviito zvinodzivisa kupfuudzwa, zvikurukuru kuvagari vemo vasina dziviriro. Zvisinei, nheyo inokuvadza inova yakajeka zvishoma apo ganhuriro dzinoparira mutengo mukuru pavanhu vane utano nokuda kwebetsero yavamwe, kana kuti apo kuvadziko iri yokuzvinyima mishonga panzvimbo pezvidikanwa.

Ruramisiro Yokuona Nayo Zvinooneka

Nenzira yakajeka, kuva pamutemo kweganhuriro dzoutano dzavanhu kunotsamira zvikuru pamaitirwe adzo nokukurukurirana. Vanhu vanodisa zvikuru kugamuchira ganhuriro pamaruramiro avo apo vanonzwisisa mufungo, apo zvisarudzo zvinoitwa nezviremera zvinovimbwa, uye apo kunenge kune mikana yokupinzwa nokuhwirudzurwa. Hurumende dzakafuratira miitiro yenguva dzose yemitemo kana kuti dzakakundikana kugovera ruramiso yesayenzi yakajeka nokuda kwezviito zvavo dzakatarisana netsungiriro huru zvikuru.

Kusarurama uye Kusaruramisira

Nzvero ipi neipi yetsika inofanira kurangarira kuti ndiani ane mutoro wemipimo youtano hwavanhu vose. Marockdom, somuenzaniso, vashandi vanotapurwa zvikuru vasingagoni kushanda pamusha, vana muzvikoro zviduku, uye vanhu vari mudzimba dzakatsvikinyidzana. Mirayiro yakava nemiuyo yakasiana- siyana mumipimo yedzinza nenzanga. Kurangarira kodzero dzinoda kuti ndyiko dzemipimo youtano yavose dzigoverwe zvakanaka uye kuti gadziriro dzokutsigira dzive munzvimbo dzaavo vanotapurwa zvikurusa.

Nhoroondo: Zvatinodzidza Mumabhuku Ekare

Kusawirirana pakati perusununguko rwevagari vemo noutano hwevanhu hakusi kwezvichangobva kuitika chete pazvirwere zveCovid -19.

Mukati medenda refuruwenza ya 1918, maguta akawanda akaita zvikumbiro zvokuvharwa kwemabhakitire, uye zvirambidzo pamisangano yavose. Kumanikidzwa kwaiwanzova kunorema, uye mamwe maguta akaona kudzivisa kwakafanana nokuramba kwazvino uno. Kupindura kwoutano kwavose kwePhiladelphia neSt. Louis kunoenzaniswa kazhinji kazhinji: Philadelphia yakava nokufora kukuru pasinei zvapo nezvinoitika zvapakuvamba, kuchiguma nengwavaira, nepo St. Louis akaita nokukurumidza nemhatsa yakaderera zvikuru, achiwana mwero werufu.

SAYENZI /AIDS yomuma1980 nomuma1990 yaibatanidzawo nharo dzakasimba pamusoro pekodzero dzevanhu dzinorwisana noutano hwavose, zvikurukuru pakuongorora kunofanira kuitwa, kuvhara ganda, uye kuzivisa mamiriro outano.

Mirangariro Yamarudzi Ose: Mashandisiro Akasiyana - siyana Akaita Mupimo Wacho

Nzira iyo nyika dzakatarisira nayo kusagadzikana kwekodzero dzevanhu kwakavakirwa zvikuru pamasangano ezvematongerwe enyika, magamuchidzanwa emitemo, uye mipimo yetsika.

Germany: Kutonga Kwoutongi Kwokushandira Pamwe

Gadziriro yehurumende yeGermany yakabvumira nyika kushandisa nokugadziridza zvitanho zvakavakirwa pamigariro yomunzvimbomo. Federal Constitution Court yakaita basa guru, ichihwirudzura ganhuriro nokumira kumira mberi paganhuriro neganhuriro padziviriro dzamaruramiro makuru. Muitiro weGermany wakaratidzira kuti tarisiro yakasimba yedare nemirauriro youtano yavose zvinogona kuva pamwe chete.

New Zealand: Kurukurirano Yakajeka Nokuvimba Navose

New Zealand yakagamuchira nzira yokubvisa nayo zvikuru nokuvhara kwapakuvamba nokuvhara muganhu. Kukurukurirana kwakajeka kwehurumende, kuita zvisarudzo zvinooneka, uye kuvimba kukuru navanhu kwakabvumira kuwirirana kukuru neganhuriro dzingadai dzisina kubvira mune zvamatongerwe enyika mune dzimwe nyika dzakawanda. Zvisinei, kuvimba kukuru nechisarudzo chehurumende uye kusavapo kwoutariri hwakasimba muparamende mukati menhambo yekurumidziro kwakawana kutsoropodza kubva kuvarevereri vekodzero dzevagari vemo.

Sweden: Kusvika Kwechiedza

Sweden yakadzivisa nenzira yakakurumbira kuvhara, panzvimbo pezvo ichitsamira panhungamiro dzokuzvidira nomutoro womunhu oga. Nepo iyi nzira yakaderedza kudzongonyedzwa kwakananga kwerusununguko rwavagari vemo, kwakagumawo nemwero yakakwirira yenzufu, zvikurukuru pakati penzanga dzakwegura nedzinotamira. Mhaka yeSweden inoenzanisira kuti kudzivirira maruramiro avanhu mumwe nomumwe muchiito chehurumende hakurevi hako kuti kudzivirira utano hwavanhu vose, uye kuti kushambadza kunogona kuva kwakakomba.

Nzvero yeIndaneti yeidzi nzira dzamarudzi dzinokarakadza kuti hakuna muenzaniso mumwe unopa dzikamo yakakwana. Kodzero zhinjisa dzinoremekedza ratidziro dzapamurangadzi dzinobatanidza kubvumidzwa kwapamutemo kwapamutemo, kurukurirano yesayenzi, yezvero yemipimo, uye kuzvipira kutsigira avo vanoremedzwa zvikurusa neganhuriro.

Kufambira Mberi: Nheyo Dzezvirango Zvomunguva Yemberi

SAYA reCOVID-19 harisi iro dambudziko routano rokupedzisira.Masangano anofanira kudzidza kubva muzvakaitika uye kurwisana kwemakore akapfuura kuti avake zvinhu zvinodzikamisa zviri nani rusununguko rwevagari vemo uye utano hwevanhu munguva yemberi.

.Imibato yeFramesassive Inofanira Kufintswa mu Mvukira. Kana hurumende dzichifanira kuita chiito nokukurumidza, dzinowanzodzokera pamirairo yavakuru vakuru kana kuti masimba ekurumidziro ane tarisiro yakaganhurirwa. Mitemo inouya inorondedzera ukuru hwechiremera choutano chavanhu vose, inoda kuhwirudzurwa kwapanhambo nenhambo, uye kuvimbisa muitiro wakafanira zvinogona kuderedza kudikanwa kwemipimo yehoc.

Chiratidzo Chinofanira Kuva Chikwaniriso Chapamutemo. Chirambidzo chipi nechipi parusununguko rwavagari vemo chinofanira kudikanwa nomutemo kuva mutoo unoganhurira zvishoma wokuita nharidzano yapamutemo youtano hwavanhu. Madare namasangano anotarisira anofanira kuva nechiremera chokuyera kuenzana munguva chaiyoiyo.

Seketerera Claus and Independent Review. Nhanho dzemhedziso dzinofanira kubatanidza misi yokupera kwegore inongoerekana yavapo, uye mitumbi yakazvimirira inofanira kunzvera chinodikanwa chayo chinopfuuridzirwa. Mutoro unofanira kudzokera kuhurumende kuti ururamise ganhuriro dzokumutsidzira.

Information Infractive yeUtano hwapublic Infractrective[FL:1]. Gadziriro dzoutano dzakasimba, kubatanidza simba rokuedza, kunzvera, uye simba routano rakawanda, zvinoderedza kudikanwa kweganhuriro dzakafara. Nyika dzakaiswa mumano aya dzakakwanisa zviri nani kutsiva pane kutendeukira kuvhara mavharanda.

Masangano ekodzero dzevanhu akagadzira nhungamiro inoshanda [ yehurumende pakuchengeta kodzero dzevanhu munguva dzenjodzi dzoutano, achisimbisa kuti kuita zvakanakisisa kwoutano hwevanhu kunoratidzawo kodzero.

Mugumisiro: Kodzero Hadzidzorwi Mune Zvinoitika Zvekurumidziro

ZVINETSO ZVECHOVAD ne19 zvakazivisa zvose zviri zviviri kudikanwa nengozi yesimba rehurumende mukati menjodzi youtano. Mipimo youtano yavose yakaponesa upenyu, asi yakatambanudzawo miganhu yeizvo nzanga yakasununguka inofanira kushivirira. Chidzidzo chikuru ndechokuti rusununguko rwevagari vomunyika haisi mhinganidzo dzokubudirira kuutano hwavanhu asi zvinhu zvinokosha zvokudavidza izvo zvinoita kuti vanhu vavimbwe uye zvinoita kuti vabvume. Zviratidzo zvinoiswa pasina muitiro wakafanira, pasina kujeka, uye pasina kuremekedza kodzero dzinokosha zvinoparira kupesana uye zvinokanganisa zvinangwa zvavanoshandira.

Kupfuurira mberi, denho ndeyokuvaka gadziriro dzoutano dzavanhu vose negadziriro dzapamutemo dzinogona kuita chimwe chinhu nokukurumidza uye nenzira inobudirira kumigariro yekurumidziro nepo dzichiramba dzakasimba munheyo dzokusasarura, kuzvidavirira, uye kuremekedza chiremera chomunhu.