Simba Risingashandiswi Rezvisarudzo Zvomunzvimbomo

Nepo sarudzo dzenyika dzichidzora kufukidzwa kwezvinobudisa nhau nengwariro yavose, sarudzo dzomunzvimbomo dzinopa pesvedzero yakanyarara zvikuru asi yakaenzana pamitemo nemitemo zvinoumba upenyu hwezuva nezuva. Mitezo yeChikoro, meya, vakuru vakuru veguta, vamiriri vemibatanidzwa yeruwa, uye magweta amaruwa vanoita zvisarudzo izvo zvinotapura zvakananga rudzi rwedzidzo, chengeteko yavose, kukwanisa kwedzimba, uye mitero yomunzvimbomo. Zvisarudzo izvi hazvimiri paguta kana kuti pamitsetse yeruwa. Ivo kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji vanobatira sezvikonzero zvokuedza mitemo iyo gare gare gare kuurefu kuruwa nemwe. Kunzwisisa muuyo uyu kunokosha nokuda kwomugari upi noupi anoda kuona mipimo yawo inoratidzirwa mukudzora pamwero uri wose.

Voter ishoma zvikuru musarudzo dzomunzvimbomo. Mumaguta akawanda eU.S., isingasviki 20 muzana yavavhoti vanokwaniriswa vanokandira mavhota musarudzo dzemanisiparati, ichienzaniswa ne60 muzana musarudzo dzapurezidhendi. Uku kutora rutivi kwakaderera kunoreva kuti boka duku, rinosundwa rinogona kuva nemigumisiro yechimiro nenzira isingaenzaniswi. Muuyo ndewokuti sarudzo yomunzvimbomo inogona kuva zvikwaniswo zvine simba zvikuru nokuda kwokuchinja / kana kuti kubvisa. Kuziva ukoshishi hwavo inhando yokutanga kuunzi vagari vemo vakapindwa.

Kukosha Kwokusarudza Upenyu Hwezuva Nezuva Hwemunharaunda

Hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzine mutoro wezvirongwa zvinoshandiswa zvikurusa. Dzinodzora zvikoro zvavose, mapurisa namadhipatimendi okudzima moto, mapaka, maraibhurari, kufambiswa kwavose, uye migwagwa yomunzvimbomo. Dzinogadzawo mwero yemitero yezvinhu, mabudisirwe emitemo yokuvaka, uye dzinosarudza nzira yokugovera nayo mari yehurumende nehurumende. Vanhu vakasarudzwa kunzvimbo idzi vanoita zvisarudzo zvinopesvedzera zvakananga kunaka kwoupenyu munzanga.

  • Masangano echikoro anosarudza zvidzidzo, mipimo yokurovha mudzidzisi, uye mabhajeti.
  • Madare eguta anobvumira kuchinja kwenzvimbo dzinogara dzinokanganisa kusimudzwa kwedzimba uye nzanga.
  • Masangano eruwa anotarisira madhipatimendi outano hwavanhu vose namabasa enzanga.
  • Magweta omuruwa anosarudza nzira yokutonga nayo mhosva, achiumba ruramisiro yomunzvimbomo.

Nemhaka yokuti mahofisi omunzvimbomo kazhinji kazhinji haasati ari eparati kana kuti maduku muchisiko, anogona kukwezva vadaviri nepfungwa itsva kana kuti zvikuva zvakati kuti. Ikoku kunovaita nzvimbo yakaorera nokuda kwokuedza mirau. Guta iro rinoshandisa nenzira inobudirira gadziriro yavose yapamberi pevhu kana kuti kutanga kwechirongwa chamapurisa munzanga kuva fundo yenhau nokuda kwavaiti vemitemo vehurumende vanotsvaka mhinduro. Nenzira inopesana, kundikano yomuitiro womunzvimbomo inogona kubvisa zvikarakadzo zvakafanana pamwero yakakwirira zvikuru yehurumende.

Kufunuka, Matapi Marefu

Mukaha uri pakati poukoshi hwesarudzo yomunzvimbomo nevoti unonzwika. Mukuwirirana namajeko anobva ku Pew Research Center, inenge 20 muzana bedzi yavavhoti vakakodzera vakavhura nokuda kwe 2021 vomunzvimbomo mumaguta makurusa eU.S.. Munzanga duku, kudzoka kunogona kunyudza kuva madhigirii mamwe. Apo kuchetura kwakaderera, muvhotera unoda kuva mukuru, muchena, uye vakabudirira kupfuura nzanga yose. Iyi shavoki yemiteve inogona kubudisa mitemo inoratidzira mativi makuru avagari vemo, akadai semari inowedzerwa yemari yamapurisa panzvimbo dzokutenga mari mumabasa avanhu, kana kuti kuganhurira migariro yedzimba dzinowanika.

Nzira Yokubva Munzvimbo Yomunzvimbomo Kuenda Kumutemo weHurumende

Hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzinowanzoshanda semarabhoritari emitemo. Apo guta kana kuti nyika inogamuchira kusvika kutsva(zvingava pamubhadharo muduku, murairo wemhoteredzo, kana kuti ruramisiro yamatsotsi) inoparira kuedza chaikoiko kwenyika. Kana muitiro wacho unobudirira, unogona kuparira simba nokuda kwokugamuchirwa kwenzvimbo yenzvimbo yehurumende. Kana ukakundikana, unopa mashoko okungwarira. Simba iri rinooneka zvikuru munharaunda dzemitemo, utano hwavanhu, uye kushandiswa kwenyika.

Kufamba Kushoma Kwako

Muna 2014, Seattle yakava rimwe remaguta okutanga eU.S. kuti awane mari shoma ye $1545per76 hour. Kutama kwacho kwakamutsa nharo, uye vanoshora kurasikirwa nebasa. Nokufamba kwenguva, kuongorora kwakaratidza kuti mari yakawedzerwa yavanoshandira vashandi vashoma pasina njodzi yakambofanotaurwa nevatsoropodzi. Kubudirira kwemasangano aSeattle mumamwe maguta, kusanganisira Sandlattle, Los Angeles, uye New York. Pakazosvika 2025, nyika dzinopfuura 40 dzakakwidziridza mari yadzo yakawana mari yadzorwa zvakananga kubva pakuedza uku kwomunzvimbomo. Izvi zvinoda kufanana nezvinoteverwa nomutemo womunzvimbomo, kubatanidza Sandracla, uye dare rimwe reSandro, Sandracson, uye New York. Pakazosvika 2025, nyika dzinopfuura dzinoda kuita basa munyika yose.

Kugara Nokuchinja Zvinhu

Mitemo inovaka nzvimbo ine tapuro huru pakuwanikwa kwedzimba. Maguta akadai seMinneapolis nePortland akatungamirira nzira kupfurikidza nokubvisa kurongwa kwemhuri imwe chete, kubvumira miduplexes netutatu munharaunda dzakachengeterwa dzimba dzakabviswa. Iyi chinjo dzakatangwa kubva mukusarudza kwomunzvimbomo uko kwakakwidziridza vadaviri kudenha fariro dzavenyuki vedzimba dzakadzika midzi. Rubudiriro rwavo rwakanyandura Hurumende muOregon, California, uye Washington kurangarira kuvadziko inogadziridza. Muuyo ndowokuti chisarudzo chakaitwa nedare reguta rimwe muguta rinogona kudzosa, kuchinja nzvimbo yedzimba dzavanhu nokuda kwamamirioni avanhu.

Utano Hworuzhinji Nemitemo Yemhoteredzo

Hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzinoitawo nhano dzoutano hwavose. Mukati medenda reCOVID , maguta nenhamba dzinoiswa zvikumbiro zvokuvhara, kuvharwa kwemabhakitiriya, uye zvinodikanwa zvenhomba pamberi pechiito chehurumende kana kuti chehurumende. Nenzira yakafanana, zvirambidzo zvomunzvimbomo pamapurasitiki mapurasitiki namapolytyrene zvakapararira mumaguta akadai seSan Francisco nePortland kuti zvive mutemo wehurumende mumitemo inoverengeka. Brakings Information instruction [[ inosimbisa sei chiito chomunzvimbomo chokuvaka mipimo yebasa yokubudirira nesimba rinomutsidzira simba, kazhinji kazhinji chinova mutevero nokuda kwomuganhu wehurumende wenzvimbo yenzvimbo yenzvimbo yenzvimbo.

Kupesvedzera Kunoita Kusarudza Kwenyika Kwenyika

Kubatana pakati pesarudzo dzomunzvimbomo nemitemo yenyika hakuna kunanga asi kune simba zvakaenzana. Mahofisi omunzvimbomo anobatira senzvimbo yokutanga nokuda kwamabasa ezvematongerwe enyika. Mitezo mizhinjisa yeCongress yaichimbobatwa nehurumende kana kuti nzvimbo yomunzvimbomo. Zvinosarudzwa zvomutemo zvazvinotanga kazhinji kazhinji zvinopfuudzira kubasa razvo muWashington. Uyezve, sarudzo dzomunzvimbomo dzinogona kuchinja kuumbwa kwemifungo yenhume dzehurumende, inotapura miuyo panhau dzakadai sezvoutano, kubuda munyika, uye maruramiro avagari vemo.

Muchina wepaipi weCandidate

Mukuwirirana ne Ballotteia, inenge 60 muzana yemitezo yazvino yeI.Imba yeUnited States yakambobatira muimba yomutemo yehurumende, uye yakawanda yaiyo yakavamba mabasa avo pamadare eguta kana kuti masangano enyika. Rukundo rwomunzvimbomo rwechisarudzo runogovera zita, mari yesangano remari, uye ruzivo rwokuzviwanira rwokutonga zviri madikanwa kupfuurira nokuda kwenzvimbo yakakwirira. Mitemo inova vatsigiri vemitengo pamwero yomunzvimbomo inova rutivi rwechinyorwa chavo nemukurumbira wavo. Somuenzaniso, meya anoderedza nenzira inobudirira kusava nenzvimbo kupfurikidza nokusvika kwokutanga kwedzimba anogona kushandisa basa iroro kutsigira mitevero yemitezo yomubatanidzwa.

Maguroot Anofamba uye Mazera Erudzi

Masangano akawanda enzanga anotanga panzvimbo yomunzvimbomo. Kukwidziridzwa kwokuchinja ruramisiro kwakawedzerwa nokusarudza kwomunzvimbomo kwakaunza vachuchisi vakafunga kushata mumaguta akadai sePhiladelphia, San Francisco, uye Chicago. Magweta aya amaruwa akachinja miitiro yokupomera, kuderedza mwero wemibato, uye kugumisa mari, kugadzira muenzaniso wakakwezva nyika. Nenzira yakafanana, sangano rokubvisa mimba nekodzero dzokubereka rakaona mitumbi yezve mutemo yomunzvimbomo inopfuura “guta reFiladelphiary" mirairo yokudzivirira vatarisiri navarwere, kunyange sezvo mitemo yehurumende nehurumende inoganhurira kusvika. Izvi zviito zvomunzvimbomo zvinochengeta nhau muziso zvavose nedzvinyiriro yomutemo wenyika.

Kuchinja Boka Renyika Kunorema

Sarudzo dzomunzvimbomo dzinogonawo kudzosera mamiriro ezvinhu ezvamatongerwe enyika kupfurikidza nokuchinja zvivako zvebato. Apo papatika inorasikirwa nenzvimbo mumadzinza omunzvimbomo, inowanzonyandura nhambo yeintrospective neplatifomu kunyanyova. Chirongwa cheRepublican Party chapashure muna 9188 pasarudzo dzomunzvimbomo, kupfurikidza nezvirongwa zvakafanana neREP, zvakaratidzira kuti udzori hwemitemo yehurumende hungashandiswa sei kugerryman coligationalion ar quodiol uye kudzivirira voruzhinji vorudzi. Nenzira yakapesana, democratic Party yeDhecratic Party yenhau yemisi ichangobva kukura muruwa rwenzvimbo nerouchauchadenga dzakabudisa chizvarwa avo vanoronga nhau dzakafanana nechinjo dzemamiriro outano, kufambirwa kwourudzi, uye kushandura nzanga, kuchinja nzanga dzeboka renyika yose.

Mienzaniso Yenyika Chaiyoiyo Yetapuro Yomunzvimbomo

Kunzvera nhau dzakananga kunojekesa nhevedzano yepesvedzero kubva mubhokisi rebhora romunzvimbomo kusvikira kumutemo wenyika.

Seattle’s Wage: Kubva kuGuta Kusvika kuHurumende Capitols

Kutama kwaSeattle kumari shoma yaitambirwa mari inokwana $15 (Z $15) muna 2014 kwaiva kumwe kuongorora kwomunzvimbomo kwakanyatsotariswa. Vanzveri veUniversity yeWashington vakawana kuti muitiro wakasimudzira mibayiro yevashandi vakaderera vasingarasikirwi basa, kunyange zvazvo gadziridzo mumaawa yakaitika. Rubudiriro rwakanga rwakakurumbira zvikuru zvokuti nhimbe dzemari shoma yakavamba muchiverengero chamazana chamamwe maguta. Mune gumi ramakore, unotaura seNew York, California, uye Massachusetts yakanga yagamuchira mari shoma yehurumende ye $15 (Z $15 000), uye gakava rehurumende rakabva ku “pamhenge-.. . . . . Hurumende 2019 yakapfuudza Nhando yeWage Act, iyo yaipfuudza Imba asi yakachengetwa muDare, yakadudza kubudirira kwomunzvimbomo nokuda kwokururamisa kwouriri hwenyika yose $5.

Chitendero chePlastic Bag cheSan Francisco: Pfungwa Yomunzvimbomo Yakatenderera Pasi Rose

Muna 2007, San Francisco rakava guta rokutanga repurasitiki renyika yeUnited States rairambidza kurambidza mapepa epurasitiki.Murayiro wacho waireva kuti vatengi vaikwanisa kuderedza tsvina uye kukanganisa mhoteredzo. Asi kurambidzwa kwacho kwaizivikanwa nevakawanda uye kwakakurumidza kunyorwa nemaguta akadai seLos Angeles, Chicago, neWashington, D.C. Pakazosvika 2014, nyika dzakawanda dzakanga dzaita kuti dzizvirambidze, uye nyika dzeEurope Union dzakatevera nemutemo waida kuti nhengo dzenyika dzideredze kushandisa bhegi repurasitiki. Nhasi, nyika dzinopfuura 100 dzine mapepa epurasitiki, dzakawanda dzakaita zvokudzokera kumiitiro yenzvimbo dzemo. Sa Francisco Board yeSupervis dzakaita vhoti dare rehurumende dzakaisa vatsigirini dzakava California dzakava nemhosva dzakatosvika kure nekure.

Ruramisiro Yomunzvimbomo Yeutsotsi Inochinja: Mupomeri Anofambira Mberi wePhiladelphia

Muna 2017, Philadelphia akasarudza Larry Krasner somumiririri weruwa panzvimbo inogadziridzwa dare remhosva. Krasner akagumisa mabhero emari nokuda kwemhosva dzisina masimba, akaderedzwa mitongo nokuda kwokuva nezvinodhaka, uye akaumba kutendeka. Mitemo yake yakawana kutsoropodzwa kukuru kubva kumasangano emapurisa asi yakabudisawo kuderera kusingachinjiki munhamba yejeri yeguta uye kusarurwa kwemadzinza mukusungwa. Kusvika kwaKrasner kwakawedzerwa navachuchisi vezvibvumirano mumaguta akadai seBoston, Houston, uye St. Louis. Zvisarudzo izvi zvakabetsera kukurukurirano yorudzi pamusoro pokusungwa kwavazhinji uye zvakakurudzira mutemo pabhiyose pabhiyo pabhedha uye chiito chokutanga cha19181818.

Kusarudzwa Kwedare reChikoro Nehondo Dzedzidzo Dzorudzi

Sarudzo dzeboka rechikoro 2021 dzakava nzvimbo yenyika pamusoro pezvinobatanidzwa zvedzidzo, kuzivikanwa kwavarume, uye dzinza. MuVirginia, dzinza ragavhuna rakapesvedzerwa zvikuru nokubata kweboka rechikoro rondedzero yedzinza yakakomba. Hondo dzakafanana muFlorida dzakatungamirira kukupfuudzwa kweReational Rights muEducation Act, iyo yakaganhurira muraidzo wekirasi pamusoro pedariro yevatano nezivikanwo yavarume neyouhuhuhuhuhuhu. MuVirginia, dare rechikoro (h) kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji kadukusa rinooneka basa rakasarudzwa nokukurumidza rakava nhandare yehondo yenhau dzetsika dzorudzi. Somuuyo, nyika dzakawanda dzakapfuudzo dzinopfuudzira mitemo pamusoro pezvikoro zvinodzidzisa pamusoro pedzinza nenhau, uye Congressss pakodzero dzehurumende pamusoro pekodzero dzavabereki uye kuoneka.

Basa Rokushandisa Mari Mukuita Kuti Mitemo Ishaye Simba

Muvhoti akaderera musarudzo yomunzvimbomo anowedzera pesvedzero yamapoka ezviwanira mhindu akarongwa uye vagari vemo vanowana mari yakawanda zvikuru. Apo voruzhinji vavavhoti vakakodzera vanogara pamusha, zvisarudzo zvinoitwa nechikamu chiduku chavagari vemo. Uku kune miuyo yetsika chaiyo.

  • Kuvhakacha kwakaderera kunokombamira kubetserwa navarombo, kuchikuita kuti kuve kwakaoma zvikuru kuti pfungwa itsva dzipinde mugadziriro.
  • Varidzi vezvinhu uye vanofarira zvebhizimisi vanowanzovhota pamwero wakakwirira, vachisundira mutemo kukutemwa kwomutero nokubviswa kwemitemo.
  • Sarudzo dzedare rechikoro dzinoona kutora rutivi kukuru kubva kuvabereki, nepo varendi navavhoti vaduku vachirevererwa.

Apo kukwira kwakawedzera, mirau inochinja. Nzvero yakaitwa ne National Conference of State Legislatures yakawana kuti maguta ane vavhoti vakakwirira zvikuru musarudzo dzamanisiparati akanga ane bviro hurusa zvikuru kugovera mari kudzimba dzinotengeka, kufambiswa kwavose, uye purogiramu dzenzanga. Nenzira inopesana, maguta akaderera anopedzerwa mari yakawanda pagadziriro dzemari uye zvirongwa zvezvirongwa zvinotenderwa nesangano rebhizimisi renzvimbo. Chidzidzo chakajeka: ndiani anovhotera zvinhu zvikuru senguva kana kuti sei.

Kubatanidzwa Kunokurudzira Panzvimbo Yenzvimbo Yacho

Vachitevedzera masarudzo anoitwa munzvimbo iyoyo, vagari vemo vanogona kutora matanho okuita kuti inzwi ravo rinzwike.

  • zvinyore iwe umene. pinda misangano yemakurukota eguta, rava mapepa ebvunzo, uye tevera mashoko omunzvimbomo. Mawebsite asingapinduri akafanana ne Ballot Early[ anogovera mashoko asingapiti pamipimo yevadaviri.
  • Varipo musarudzo iri yose. Sarudzo zhinji dzomunzvimbomo dzinoitika munhambo dzinopfuura 2016 kana kuti pamisi yakaparadzana nezvisarudzo zvavose. Nzvera hofisi yesarudzo yenyika yenyu nokuda kwekarenda yakazara.
  • Kubatana namasangano enzanga. Mapoka akafanana neChinzwano chaVakadzi Voter, zvitsauko zvomunzvimbomo zveIndipedifica, kana kuti masangano enharaunda anoshanda kusimudzira chitsama ndokuzivisa vavhoti.
  • Funga nezvokumhanya nokuda kwebasa. Kana ukaona mukaha mumufananidzo kana kuti nhau inoda ngwariro, mahofisi omunzvimbomo anowanika(hapana ruzivo rwokuzviwanira rwezvamatongerwe enyika rusati rwaitwa runodikanwa nokuda kwenzvimbo dzakawanda.
  • Advocate nokuda kwemiitiro yesarudzo inosarudzwa. Mitanho yokutsigira inoita kuti kuvhota kuve nyore, zvakadai sokunyoresa zuva ra1967, maposigitgit, uye zvinhu zvemitauro yakawanda.

Mugumisiro: Mutambo Wemunzvimbo Yacho Ipesvedzero Yorudzi

Pfungwa yokuti kusarudza kwomunzvimbomo hakunei haiko chinhu chinokanganisa hurumende inosarudzwa navanhu. Boka rimwe nerimwe rezvikoro, dare reguta, uye nzvimbo inoshandira hurumende isimba rinogona kuchinja kurongwa kwehurumende nemitemo yenyika. Kubvira pakutambira mari shoma kumugariro wenzvimbo, ruramisiro youtsotsi kudzidzo, mirau mitsva zvikurusa nepesvedzero inopesvedzera kazhinji kazhinji inotangira nechiverengero chiduku chevhoti muchisarudzo chomunzvimbomo. Vagari vomunyika vanogara pamusha pazuva resarudzo rehurumende vanopa simba ravo rokuumba nguva yemberi. Avo vanoratidza kuti vapanzveri, vhota, uye vanosarudza vakuru vakuru vakuru vanozvidavirira. (5) ndivo vanogadza zvirongwa zvenyika yose yenyika. Sarudzo yomunzvimbomo haisi nzvimbo huru yokuchinja muUnited States, uye inofanirwa navose.