Mavambo Enhau Eruzivo Rwokutengesa Zvigadzirwa muIreland

Nhau yezvemari yeIreland isati yasvika 1990 yakanga iri imwe yedzoro rezvokurima nokugadzira chiedza. Muzana ramakore rechi20 rose, nyika yakarwisana nokutama kwakakwirira, kuganhurirwa kwenzvimbo dzamabasa okugadzirwa kwezvinhu, uye kutsamira pakurima kwakaisiya iri mungozi kumiitiro yenyika yose yezvokutengeserana. Kuchinja kwakauya nokuchinja kwamaune mumiitiro yezvokutengeserana mukati mema 1980 na 1990, apo hurumende dzakatevedzana dzakaita kuti mari yokumwe ive yakananga yokumwe (FI) sechitsinhanhanhanha chokukura. Indudziko yeIndustricrity Authority (IA) yakatenderwazve kuva dare renyika dzakawanda, zvikurukuru muchikamu chezvoruzivo rwokugadzirwa kwezvinhu. Kupfurikidza nokumira Ireland sechinzvimbo yakaderera, chiNgezi kuenda kumaEurope Union, nyika yakavamba kukwezva mafemuteshi yenyika yose.

Imwe yenhau dzebudiriro dzekaresa yakanga iri kusvika kwaApple muna 1980, iyo yakavhura nzvimbo yokugadzira muCork. Iyoyi yakateverwa naMicrosoft mu1959, uye Dell muna 1990. Mutengi mumwe nomumwe wakaita tambo, kuvaka mugove womunzvimbomo nedanga ramainjiniya navakuru vesoftware. Pakasvika nguva dza1990, Ireland yakanga yava nzvimbo yeEurope yokugadzira mapurogiramu ekombiyuta, mutengi, uye masangano emitengi, uye gare gare gare. CD , inotengesa mashoko eIRD negadziriro yekurukurirano yekurukurirano yekurukurirano yemibato yemisikanzwa (ICT) yakura kubva pa $10 mabhiriyoni 000 000 kusvika pakati pema190 kusvika kumabhiriyoni 2020, painoitwa nemimwe mibato yemibato yezvo yezvokutengesa zvenyika zvenyika.

Vatyairi Vanokosha Veruzivo Rwokutengesa Zvisingadzorwi

Mitemo Yemitero Yehurumende Nemakambani Ane Mari

Mutengo mukuru wesangano rinobhadharwa we 12,5% pakuwana mari yokushambadzira chifo cha 2003. Mwero uyu, wakabatanidzwa nehurumende yomutero inobvumira kubviswa kwezvinhu zvedzidzo (IP) uye gadziriro yenzvimbo isingateresi mitero yokumwe, yakaita kuti Ireland ive nzvimbo inosarudzwa nokuda kwemitero yenyika dzakawanda inotsvaka kuderedza mutoro wavo wepasi pose. Mu202020, mwero wemitero inoshanda nemakambani akawanda ezvoruzivo rwemitero eUnited States anoshanda muIreland wakafungidzirwa kuva pasi pemwero wetsika yetsika, nemhaka yokutambira mitero inodzorwa uye kupiwa mari yeIP. IPSCI inotongedzerwa kupfumiswa kwemari inopfuurwa muEurope.

Kuchengetedzwa Kwemari Mudzidzo Nemutiti Wetina

Gadziriro yedzidzo yeIreland, nesimbiso yakasimba pasayenzi, ruzivo, uinjiniya, uye masvomhu (STEM), yakabudisa vashandi avo vanobva munyika dzakawanda vanowana kuva vanokwezva zvikuru. Nyika yacho nguva dzose inomira pedyo nepamusoro pe IMD World Depaltical Comptivence Rankiting[, inodzorwa nezvinhu zvakafanana namabasa esayenzi yekombiyuta yakapedza kufunda uye kuva nainjiniya vane unyanzvi. Masangano echitatu akadai seTrinity College Dublin, University, College Dublin, uye Dublin City University anochengeta batanupus nedzidzo yemabhizimisi kupfurikidza negadziriro dzedzidzo dzesero yesero. Hurumende yeScrectorive Fund uye kuedza kunzvera kufanana neScience Foundation Ireland (g. g., 5G., 5%, Brechtechtech), uye probiousch yezve biodmictic inter yeIreland inosimbiswa ne20 yeIreland, inopfuuni yechitatu.

Kubatsira Kwazvinoita Munharaunda Nemutauro

Nzvimbo yeIreland inopa betsero yakasiana----phara: inogarwa pamucheto weEurope nemhepo yakananga negungwa neyakabatana neyose zviri zviviri US nemisika yenyika. Migariro yokutaura yeEngland inobvisa mhinganidzo dzemitauro yeUS yamarudzi akawanda, inoderedza ndyiko dzine chokuita nokushandura, kubvumirana kwapamutemo, uye basa ravatengi. Kupfuurirazve, mitezo yeIreland muEurope Union inopa makambani masvikiro okupinda pamusika mumwe weEurope wevatengi 450 mamirioni, pasina zvibvumirano zvemibato zvemibato kana kuti mabasa anotengeswa mukati menyika. Nokuda kwamafekitari okutengesa michina inotengesa zvikurukuru michina yemichina yemichina yemichina yemitengo, mitengo, mibhadharo, mari yokusha, uye kugadzirwa kwemitengo yemitengo yemitengo yeUni yokuwana muEurope muIreland uye kubatira EUS yose ichinhu chine simba zvikuru.

Tsigiro yeHurumende Netsigiro yeR&D

Hurumende yeIreland yakabatanidza mwero yemitero yakaderera neyakarongwa nemari inopfuudzirwa nokuda kwenzvero nebudiriro. Chinyorwa cheProclation and Development Creasure , chakatangwa muna 2004, chinobvumira makambani kukumbira mari yemari inosvika 25% pakukwaniriswa kwemari inotengwa neR&D. Masangano ehurumende akadai seInterprise Ireland neSynd Foundation anogovera zvirongwa zvemitero zvinobatanidza zvirongwa zvokuvandudza, kubetsera kutanga uye mafemuro zvakafanana. “DA Bhokisi reDCROP + , (2016) rinopa mwero wemitero wemari yakaderera pamitero inopfuura kukwaniswo nokukubudirira kupfurikidza neR&DDD. Masangano aya akakurudzira makambani okutengesa kwete bedzi kutengesa nokutengesa nokutengesa zvinhu muIreland, seri kwechiito rokutengesa upfumi muIreland, mari inopfumisa mibato yezvo youdzo youngwa yamambo.

Unyanzvi Hukuru Hwokutengesa Masekete Nemasangano

Kushandiswa kweSoftware Nemakore

Mitemo yeIndasitiri yeMicrosoft, Google, uye bhuku reMiljian remitengo inosimudzirwa kunze kweIreland, ichibetserwa nehurumende yemutero nemisika yeEU. Microsoft yeIrish muDublin neCork inoshandisa vanhu vanopfuura 2 000 uye kutakura Office 365, Azure, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvegore muEurope yose muEurope. Mahofisi makuru eGoogle muDublin anoshandisa vanhu vanopfuura 8 000 uye anobatira mari yeEUC, iyo inoiswa muboka semitengo inotumirwa yamabasa emichina. Mukuwirirana neIrland yeCentral Station Office Frogies Office (CSO), kutumira mabasa ekombiyuta akasvika mabhiriyoni anopfuura 20200, achimirira 40% ezvirongwa zvese zveIreland zvinotengwanwa. Mariro yeIProoglo yeIS inodzoromenderomenderose yadzongedzerwa kumiteose yazvokugadzirwa munyika yose.

Masemikari Ezvinhu Zvinogadzira Masero

Nepo Ireland ichizivikanwa zvikurusa nokuda kwepurogiramu yekombiyuta namabasa, chombo chinoitawo basa rinokosha. Intel’s project muLeixlip, County Kildare, ndeimwe yenzvimbo dzacho hurusa dzokugadzira kunze kweUS, inogadzira microcess nechhemills yemisika yenyika yose. Kambani yacho yakatenga mabhiriyoni 20 mukuwedzera mabasa ayo eIreland kubvira kuma1990, kubatanidza mari yehurumende ye 7-nonmetab yakazivisa muna 2019. Apple inogadzirawo zvimwe zvezvikamu zvayo zvemakemic neMac Pro muCork, kunyange zvazvo gungano risingasviki zvikuru kupfuura Asia. Mu2022, kutumira kwekombiyuta, makombiyuta, uye zvinhu zvinogadzirwa neorekitari kubva muIreland inodarika mabhiriyoni mabhiriyoni CS2020, zvichizivisa maBS.

Kushambadza Nemameseji

Chikamu chechitatu chikuru kushambadzira kwemitemo nemabasa okugadzira mashoko. Chikamu chechiIrish chinotakura kutengeswa kwevakawanda veEurope, Middle East, uye Africa. Chikochekedzo chakasiiwa muTin, Twitter (zvino X), uye Amazon Web Services zvose zvakatanga mabasa makuru muIreland kuti zvishandise zviteshi zvazvo zveEUUUC. Makambani aya anotengesa nzvimbo yokushambadzira mashoko, matura emashoko, uye maalytics anoshandiswa kutengesa zvinhu mumabhizimisi. Muna 2021, mubatanidzwa wezvikamu wekutengesa muIreland waiva 80%, zvichiisa musero mukuru.

Kuchinja Kwezvinhu Zvekutengesa Nyika Nezveupfumi Nenzanga

Basa Nokuwedzera

Chikamu chetechnology chazova mushandisi mukuru wavashandi vane unyanzvi zvikuru. Maererano neIDA Ireland, vanhu vanopfuura 250 000 vanoshanda zvakananga muvokumwe vanobva kune dzimwe nyika mumativi ose, nemutezo mukuru muruzivo rwezvigadzirwa. Mibhadharo yeACT inopfuura 60 000 000 gore negore (56) yakapeta kaviri avhareji yemari yerudzi yemapurazi edzimba (jeri) yakabetsera kuvaka kukura kwedzimba, mahofisi, uye mibato, zvikurukuru muDublin. Kudira kwavashandi vezvokugadzirwa kwemitengo yakabhadharwa zvakanaka kwakawedzerawo mari inotengwa, mushonga, mutengesi wemabhizimisi, uye maindasitiri okugamuchira vaeni. Zvisinei, izvi zvakaparira kuwedzera mari yedzimba nenzvimbo dzomumaguta, zvakaparira dzvinyiriro pamusoro pezvirongwa zvemagariro zvenzanga zvomunharaunda dzomunzvimbomo, uye kurukurirano pamusoro pekubudirira yenzvimbo dzomunharaunda dzomunharaunda.

Mari Yavanowana Neyavanoshandisa Paruzhinji

Marisiti emitero anobva muchikamu chetengimu akachinja mari yavose yeIreland. Muna 2022, mari yemitero yebhizimisi yakasvika paSCR23 bhiriyoni, inopfuura nekaviri nhamba yacho yakabva kuUnited States yakabva kumarudzi akawanda, uye michina mikuru inobhadhara mugove mukuru. Iyi mari yakabvumira hurumende yeIreland kuvaka mari yezvipo zvadzo, kuderedza chikwereti, uye kuwedzera kwemari yeutano, dzidzo, uye zvinhu zvinokosha. Vatsoropodzi vanotaura kuti kunyanyotsamira panhamba duku dzemarudzi akawanda anoita kuti nzvimbo ive isingataniki yokuchinja mitemo yemitero yenyika kana kuti bhizimisi. Hurumende yakavamba kubvumira iyi chikwereti chemari inovadziko dzemari.

Zvirongwa Nedzidzo Zvinopedza Vadi Vedzidzo

Kuvapo kwenyanzvi dzezvokugadzirwa kwezvinhu munyika dzakawanda kwakanyandura kugadzirwa kwedzimba (kugadzirwa kwemibatanidzwa yemajere, nzvimbo dzemibatanidzwa yemajere.) uye kwakakurudzira kutangwa kwenzvimbo inogadzirwa zvinhu zvepasi. “Silicon Docks" nzvimbo yeDublin ye“Silicon derlict divict divity" (iyo inova nzvimbo yedoko renyika inosiroma iri imba inobudirira yedzimba Google, Facebook, Concediced Informed Infective. uye zvakawanda zvemakendiums yakagadzira projectivesssss yokutumira zvinhu zveIrland, zvakadai seIntercom (Crective trans), uye Price (on revoce), zvakatangwa nehama dzechielandts, kunyange zvazvo zvakavambwa nevakuru vemuUS). Iyi michina yemusha yakagadzira yakatanga kubudisa basa muIreland ino idzongo-nyika dzakawanda.

Matambudziko Anosangana Nemuenzaniso Wacho

Kuvimba Nevapfumi Nevateresi

Kutsamira kweIreland panhamba duku yefemu huru dzeUnited States zvichida kukanganisa kwayo kukuru. Kana imwe yemakambani mashanu apamusoro ichizogadzirisazve mabasa awo okuEurope .Kudzosa kubva kumasangano eIreland nemhaka yokuchinja kwemitero, kusawirirana kwemitero, kana kuti masangano anochinja. (matanho okutengesa zvinhu kunze kwenyika) anochinja. Kuchinja kwemakambani epasi pose kweOECD nemitero (Pillar II), kuchaisa mwero wemitero unopfuura 15% pamitengo inoshanda pamarudzi akawanda, ari kutoderedza kukwezva kweIreland 12.5%. Kunyange zvazvo Ireland ichiri kuva nomuganhu wemakwikwikwikwi okubhadhara mitero yakakwirira, yakasiana. Mamwe makambani anofungidzira kuti makambani achabvisa mari inowedzera kubhadharo yemari inodzo yakaderera kumitengodaridzwawo youdzoro mukuru wemitengo, asi isati yakaita sereve Netherlands.

Dzimba Nezvikamu Zviduku

Kukura nokukurumidza kwenzvimbo yezvokugadzirwa kwezvinhu kwakatowedzera kushaikwa kwedzimba, zvikurukuru muDublin umo mugove mutsva usina kufambirana nezvinodikanwa. Mitengo yedzimba muDublin zvino iri pakati peyakakwirira zvikuru muEurope pamusoro pemari inotambirwa, zvichiita kuti zviome kuvashandi vaduku kubatanidza avo vari mutechnoloji(kupfuudza misha. Hurumende yakatanga nhano dzakafanana nenzvimbo dzedzimba dzese, asi kubereka kwave kuchinonoka. Zvifambiso zvavose, zvikurukuru mumataundi anofamba, zviwedzere kuoma. Kana izvi zvikaramba zvisina mitoro, vangagona kumisa tarenda yeramangwana nemari, zvikurukuru senzvimbo dzinokwikwikwidza dzeEurope (g. Lisbon, Amsterdam, Barcelona)

Ngozi Dzezvamatongerwe Enyika Nedzekutungamirira

Sechikamu chiduku chezvemari chakazaruka, Ireland yakaiswa panzvimbo yakakwirira zvikuru mukuchinja kwemiitiro yezvokutengeserana yenyika yose, mitemo yeEU, uye masangano ezvamatongerwe enyika. Kuongororwa kunopfuurira kweBig Tech neEuropean Commission(on inovambira pamutero wemitero yemitengo kusvikira kumitero yemitero yemitero yemitero kusvikira kumitero yemitero yemibatanidzwa yemibatanidzwa yemitengo kuzviitiko zvokusarudziradzirwo yemunhu kuzviitiko. Kuwedzera, kusawirirana kwemitengo pamusoro pezvo pamusoro pokushambadzira kwemitengo neredhiyo yemitengo neyamupiyuzi. Kudzo yeU inodzongadzorwa kwemitengo yeEU inogona kuvhiringidza kuyerera kwakaisvonaka nemabasa kupfurikidza neIreland. Brexit anosimbisawo kuti kushambadza kushambadza kushatikasa sei kupfurikidza nokushambadza kwemiteve yemitengo. Kushamba kwemitengo yemitengo yemitengo yeU yeUR.

Makwikwi Ane Simba Nemadhimoni

Boka ravashandi reIreland, nepo rakadzidza zvikuru, iduku zvikuru. Mumakore achangobva kupfuura aya, Ireland yatokwikwidza maindasitiri eIrish nokuda kwedzimwe nzvimbo dzemasangano ezvitanha. Zvinzvimbo mukubudirira kwemakombiyuta, sayenzi yemakombiyuta, uye kombiyuta inoramba iri yakaoma kuzadzisa, uye mabasa akawanda anozadzwa navashandi veEUC, vanoisa dzvinyiriro pakupinda munyika. Makore achangobva kupfuura aya, Ireland yaona kuwedzera kuwanda kwevaduku vakapedza kufunda muIreland kuti vapedze misika mishamba yeIri yekombiyuta (zvisingataitiki i US neSwitzerland) uye yaifanira kukwezva vashandi vanobva kune dzimwe nyika, India, uye Brazil. Mugumo wemukana pakati peUK neEU naEUSTIS wakadererawo kukwirana. Kuchengeta kukura kwayo iIreland, kunofanira kupfuurira kupfuudzana dzidzo muIreland, uye kupfuutsiridza dzidzo kupfuudzo.

Chiono Chenguva Yemberi: Kuparadzana Nokutsiga

Ruzivo rwokugadzirwa kwezvinhu rwokutumira nhau yebudiriro muIreland haruna kuvimbiswa kupfuurira nokusingaperi. Mufananidzo wakawedzera mitero yawo yebhizimisi, vashandi vaitaura Chirungu, uye mitezo yeEU . unoramba une simba asi uri kutarisana nemhepo huru kubva kugadziridzo dzemitero yenyika yose, njodzi dzedzimba, uye makwikwi anowedzera kubva kune mimwe mibato yezvoruzivo rweEurope. Zvisinei, Ireland yaratidza simba rokuchinja. “Preprise 2025” nzira yehurumende inozivisa kuchinja kwemitemo, ruzivo rwezvezve-girini, uye masayendisiti oupenyu senzvimbo dzokutanga kutumira zvinhu munguva yemberi.

Kuparadza zvinhu kunokosha. Kana Ireland ichigona kuderedza kuvimba kwayo neshoma yeUnited States yamarudzi akawanda, inokweva R&D mukuvamba ruzivo rwokugadzirwa kwezvinhu (AI, quantam computing, biopharma), uye kugadzira makambani ayo amene muzvinotumira zvinhu munyika yose, inogona kuderedza ngozi dzechinjo dzemitemo yomutero nekatyamadzo yezvemagariro enyika. Hurumende yakaratidzirawo fariro mukukugadzira “technoloji yegreen” inotengesa kunze kwenyika, ichishandisa zviteshi zvemhepo zvakasimba zveIreland uye boka rinokura remakambani mumotokari dzemagetsi dzinoringabhadha, bhatiri, uye purogiramu inodzosera mari yecarbon.

Kutowanda kweIreland senzvimbo yemagetsi inotengeswa kunze kwenyika kunopa zvidzidzo nokuda kwedzimwe upfumi huduku. Inoratidza kuti mubatanidzwa wegadziriro yezvokutengeserana, bhizimisi mudzimbahwe ravanhu, uye kusununguka kumari yokumwe kunogona kukurumidzisa kukura. Kunyange zvakadaro inosimbisawo kuvadziko dzomuenzaniso wakadaro(whendencence, kusaenzana, uye katyamadzo dzokunze. Kana Ireland ichigona kudzora denho idzodzi ndokutsigira kukura kwayo kunotumirwa kunze kwenyika kuchatsamira pamano ayo okuwedzerazve mikana yayo yemakwikwikwi nokuda kwegumi ramakore rinotevera.

Njere dzakatorwa muCentral Statistics Office yeIreland, OECD, uye IDA mishumo yegore negore yeIreland.