United States Congress ibazu romutemo wehurumende yehurumende, rinoshanda nokuita mitemo, kumirira ruzhinji, uye kutungamirira bazi guru. Nepo mabasa ayo ari pakati pehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu yeAmerica, miitiro nezvivako zveCongress zvinogona kuratidzika kuva zvakaoma kuvambira kunze. Iyi nhungamiro inogovera kunzvera kunoshanda, kune udzame pamusoro penzira iyo Congress inoita, rwendo rwomutemo kupfurikidza naCapitol, uye nzira dzinobudirira zvikurusa kuti vagari vemo vatsikidzani vatsi vatsive mugadziriro yacho.

Bidameral Eccription: Imba neDare

Vagadziri veBumbiro reMitemo vakatanga chirongwa chemitemo chebhikameral, vachikamura Dare kuva makamuri maviri akasiana: Imba yavamiriri neDare. Iri boka rakakurukurwa nokungwarira pakati penyika huru neduku, uye rinoparira gadziriro yecheki nedzikamo mukati mebazu remitemo rimene.

Imba Yavamiriri

Imba yakagadzirwa kuti ive imba iri pedyosa navanhu. Mitezo 435 yose inomira nokuda kwesarudzo makore maviri ari ose, ichivimbisa kuti kunyorwa kweImba kunosanoratidzira murangariro wavanhu unochinja. Mufananidzo muImba wakavakirwa pavagari vemo, unosarudzwa nomukuru mukuru weboka reU.S. CV. Imba ine simba rakasiyana kuvamba mari yose (mutero) uye ine chiremera chimwe chete chokusarudza vakuru vakuru vakuru vehurumende, kubatanidza Purezidhendi. Mupi weImba, akasarudzwa neboka guru, ndiye mukuru mukuru weboka redare uye ane simba guru.

Dare

Dare rinopa muganhu unopesana nokukurumidza kudzoka kweImba. Nyika imwe neimwe, pasinei zvapo nechiverengero chavagari vemo, inomirirwa navamiririri vaviri vanobatira mashoko anozunguzirwa ane makore matanhatu. Ichi chivako chakavakwa kuti chipe hurumende dzakaenzana panzvimbo yorudzi uye kuti igovere rimwe boka rakasimba, rakatsiga. Dare rinochengeta masimba akakwana, kubatanidza kusimbisa kugadzwa kwapurezidhendi (mitezo yecabinet, vatongi vehurumende, vamiririri vehurumende) uye zvibvumirano zvinosimbiswa nebazi guru. Mutungamiriri weUnited States anobatira saMutungamiriri weDare reSangano, asi boka gurusa rinotsaura Mutungamiriri weMajo, uyo ari mutyairi chaiye wemiteo yomutemo yeimba.

Misiyano Inokosha Inoshanda

Kupfuura zvivako zvavo, mitemo inodzora kurukurirano nechiito zvinosiyana zvikuru pakati pemakamuri maviri. Imba, noukuru hwayo, ganhuriro yakaganhurirwa zvikuru uye inotsamira zvikuru paDare reMitemo rine simba kuti riise mashoko nokuda kwokurangarira. Dare, rinokoshesa kurukurirano yakatambanudzwa, rinoshanda zvikurukuru nebvumirano inobvumirana. Ikoku kunopa vatenzi vadzorwi vanobatira simba guru rokuisa mutemo kana kuti vamanine. Kutonga kweDare rePrimebuster kunoreva kuti kuguma kwekurukurirano pazvinhu zvizhinjisanoda kuvhota mavhota 60 eapy.

Simba Nemabasa eDare

Chiremera cheCongress chinorondedzerwa neBumbiro reMitemo. Mabasa azvo makuru kugadzira mitemo, kumirira, utariri, uye kuronga. Kunzwisisa iyi mitoro inokosha kunokosha kunzwisiswa chikonzero nei Congress ichiita nenzira yainoita nayo.

Masimba Akashandiswa

Constitution inopawo Congress shomeka, kana kuti "yakadzorwa," masimba. Anosanganisira simba rokupa mutero, kukwereta mari, kudzora kutengeserana kwenyika nedzimwe nyika, mari, kuzivisa hondo, kusimudza nokutsigira mauto, uye kutanga mahofisi epositi. Zvisinei, Bumbiro reMitemo rinobatanidzawo kudikanwa neKufanira kwaCelas, rinopa kuti Congress ichinjike kupfuudza mitemo yose "inodikanwa neyakafanira" yokuita masimba ayo akarongeka. Iyi ndiyo shingiro yemitemo yemitemo nokuda kwamasimba makuru eCongress "Impration", inobvumira kuigadziridza nokuigadzirisa panhau dzazvino uno unovambwa kuti zvisagona kuva zvakafungwa, zvakadai sokufamba kwemhepo, kutepfekesa, uye Internet.

Simba Rechidyiro

Zvichida nzvero hurusa inobatisisa Bazu roUkuru hweBazu isimba rechikwama. Hapana mari inogona kutorwa muvengi kunze kweinopiwa neCongregational appropriation. Ikoku kunoreva kuti bazu guru harigoni kushandisa purogiramu ipi neipi, dhipatimendi, kana kuti nhano pasina Congress inotendera mari. Iri simba rinoshandiswa kupfurikidza nomuitiro wemari wegore negore unodzorwa, kubatanidza chikumbiro chemari chemari yemari yaPuerceria, chisarudzo chemari yemari yesangano, uye nhevedzano yezvikwereti gumi nezviviri zvinotsigira mari zvinotsigira hurumende yose yemubatanidzwa.

Kutarisira Nokuongorora

Dare rine mutoro wokuva nechokwadi chokuti mitemo yarinopfuura inoshandiswa nokutendeka uye nenzira inobudirira nebazu guru. Ikoku kunoitwa kupfurikidza nokuteerera kwoutariri, kunzvera, uye simba rokumanikidzira ufakazi nezvinyorwa. Matare eCongregational anogona kunzvera tsvina, kunyengera, uye kushatisa mumasangano ehurumende. Masangano etsigiro anotsigira seRomagence Accouncial Office (GAO) neCongregational Research Service (CRS) zvinogovera mitezo mirayiridzo nenzvero inodikanwa kutungamirira zvakanaka.

Gadziriro Yomutemo: Kubva Pabhiri Kuenda Kumutemo

Kunzwisisa rwendo urwu idanho rokutanga mukuziva kuti mutemo unenge watevedzerwa rini uye kuti ungachinja sei.

Kutanga uye Kudzorera Kwedare

Mutengo unogona kutangira mumativi ose ari maviri (kunze kwezvikwereti zvemari, zvinofanira kutanga muImba). Unosumwa nomutezo ndokupiwa nhamba (zvikurukuru, H.R. 1 kana kuti S. 1). Chikamu chepamutemo ipapo chinonongedzerwa kudare rakakodzera rine mipimo ine chokuita nenhau yaro. Somuenzaniso, gwaro rokutarisira utano hwavarwi raizoenda kuDare reHouse on Veteran's Affaits neDare reDare reVeterans'Affairs. Chikamu ichi ndicho chikamu chinofa ruzhinji rwezvikwereti chinofa pasina chimwe chiito. Somuenzaniso, chiitiko chinowanzonzi "pigeonling""."

Chiito cheDare uye Chiono

Kana dare rikasarudza kuita chiito pabhiri, richatoitawo zvaro kutongwa uko nyanzvi dzehurumende, vakuru vakuru vehurumende, uye vachengeti vemitengi vanogona kupupurira. Pashure pokunzwa, dare rinoenda ku "mabhii," apo mitezo inokurukura mutsetse wepepa parutivi rwechitsama ndokupa mvumo. Dare rinovhota paidzi kugadziriswa uye ipapo rinovhota kana richifanira kutumira mutemo wacho (ne kana kuti pasina kugadziriswa) mukamuri rakazara nokuda kwokurangarira. Dare rinoparirawo mushumo unotsanangura chinangwa chemari netapurofiti, iro riri mutengo wavose vanoronda mutemo.

Kushanda Mumba

Mari isati yasvika pauriri hweImba, inowanzoenda kuSaul Rules Komiti. Iyi dare rine simba rinopa "mutemo" unogadza miganhu nokuda kwekurukurirano, kubatanidza kuti inguva yakawanda sei inopiwa uye kuti inyinogadziriswai. Mutemo wakarongwa" haubvumiri kugadziriswa, nepo mutemo wa "usingatenderwi" uchibvumira vazhinji. Imba yakazara ipapo kurukurirano nevhoti papepa uye kugadziriswa kupi nokupi kunobvumirwa. Ruzhinji rwakapfava rwaavo varipo nevhotera runodikanwa kuti vapfuure.

Chiito Chinoyera muDare

Chiito muDare hachina kurongwa zvakanaka. Mutungamiriri weMajority, achishandisa chiito kupfuurira, anounza mutemo. Kunetsa kunoganhurirwa bedzi nemitemo yeDare, kubvumira kuti pave nemwana anobvira, apo mutevedzeri kana kuti boka ravanamakuru rinobata uriri kuti rinonoze kana kuti kumisa vhoti. Kugumisa murwi, Dare rinofanira kukumbira kurapika, uko kunoda kuvhota 60. Ichi chikumbaridzo chikuru ndicho chikonzero nei mutemo mukuru muDare richida bipartarian. Kana mufiblicbus akakuro kana kuti kudziviswa, ruzhinji runodikanwa kupfumisa pamutemo.

Kugadzirisa Kusawirirana

Kwakakurumbira zvikuru kuti Imba neDare zvipedze shanduro dzakasiana- siyana dzemutemo mumwe chetewo. Apo ikoku kunoitika, mutemo haugoni kuenda kuna Purezidhendi kusvikira wava wakafanana. Makamuri maviri anofanira kupedza kusawirirana kwawo, kazhinji kazhinji kupfurikidza nedare redare redare redare rinoumbwa nemitezo mikuru yakabva kuzvose zviri zviviri Imba neDare rinotonga. Dare rinokurukura shanduro imwe, inobvumiranisa shanduro yepepa, inozivikanwa se "mushumo webvumirano." Mushumo ipapo unofanira kutenderwa nevoruzhinji vari mumakamuri ose ari maviri pasina kudzorwazve.

Chiito Chapurezidhendi

Kana mari yakafanana yangopfuura bedzi makamuri ose ari maviri, inotumirwa kuna Purezidhendi weUnited States. Mutungamiriri wehurumende ane zvisarudzo zvinoverengeka. Vanogona kusaina gwaro racho, vachiriita mutemo. Vanogona kuridzosa, kuridzorera kuCongress nokuramba kwavo. Kana kuti, kana vasingaitiri chiito chamazuva gumi apo Congress iri murusando, mutongo wacho unova mutemo. Kana Congress Commission ichiita zvokudzosa mumazuva iwayo gumi, Purezidhendi anogona kushandisa "packet deto," zvinobudirira kuuraya muteveroti. Congress anogona kudzora chivhotaro chePresidenti yematatu mumakamu ose ari maviri, chivhoti chisingawanzo asi chine simba guru pasimba ravakuru vakuru vakuru.

Muitiro Webhajeti Wamabhangi

Kushandiswa kwemari yacho ndeimwe yemabasa makuru anoita Dare gore roga roga, asi ndeimwewo yenzira isina kunzwisiswa zvakanaka.

Chikumbiro chaPurezidhendi Chebhajeti

Muitiro wacho unovamba nenzira yakarongwa nokupa Purezidhendi chikumbiro chemari yakarongwa kuCongress chegore remari riri kuuya, kazhinji kazhinji muna February. Ichi chikumbiro chikarakadzo, kwete mutemo unosungisa. Chinoronga zvokutanga zvaPrezidhendi, kubatanidza mwero yemari inokarakadzwa, mari inosarudzwa, uye chinjo dzemari dzinodikanwa.

Chisarudzo Chebhajeti yeCongress

Congress haifaniri kutora bhajeti yaPurezidhendi. Panzvimbo pezvo, chikamu chimwe nechimwe chinoronga chigadzikiso chayo chimene chebhajeti. Ichi chisarudzo chakabatana, chinoreva kuti hachina simba romutemo uye haisaikwi naPurezidhendi. Zvisinei, ipurani inoisa miganhu inotengwa yose nokuda kweMatare ePurosprias uye inopa mirayiridzo yokuyananisa kune mamwe matare. Chisarudzo chebhajeti chinoda kutenderwa nevazhinji mumakamuri ose ari maviri asi kazhinji kazhinji ikurukurirano yezvamatongerwe enyika yakaoma.

Kutaurirana uye Kuyanana

Pashure pechisarudzo chemari yokushandisa. Matare eDzidziso neDare reDzidzo anofanira kuenda kundoita kuti zvirongwa 12 zvishandiswe zvinotsigira kushanda kwehurumende. Nenzira inoshamisa, izvi zvinopfuudzwa ndokusainwa mumutemo mumwe nomumwe pagore paOctober 1st, kutanga kwegore remari. Kana musi uyu ukashaikwa, Dare rinofanira kupfuudza chibvumirano cheInglement Resolution (CR) kuti richengetedze hurumende. Muitiro wokuyananisa ndiro mutoo chaiwo unobvumira Dare kuchinja mutero uye kupedza mitemo yakarongwa nevoruzhinji muDare (Kuisa muganhu 60-vanuberbu), kuchichiita chishandiso chine simba nokuda kwevoruzhinji.

Nzira Iyo Vagari Vayongana Nayo Nemisangano

Dare rakagadzirirwa kuva rinogamuchira vanhu varinomirira. Nepo muitiro wacho uchigona kuratidzika kuva uri kure, kune nzira dzinoverengeka dzinoshanda zvikuru dzokuita kuti vagari vemo vanzwike. yakaumbwa uye inoshingaira [ inodikanwa nokuda kwehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu ine utano.

Kurongera Mitemo Nebasa Redare

Chinonyanya kunakira kutevera mutemo wehurumende ndiyo nzvimbo yehurumende inosarudzwa .Gov. Iyi purojekiti yapachena inokubvumira kutsvaga mabhiri nenhamba, shoko rakananga, kana kuti nhengo yeDare. Unogona kuona mashoko ose epepa, mapepa edare, marekodhiro, zvinyorwa zvekuvhota, uye mugariro wayo wazvino. Kurangarira dare nenharo dzapauriri kunogoneka kupfurikidzawo nenzvimbo dzepawebsite dzepamutemo dze [[FLT:] Imba yevamiririri uye .[FLT:]

Kukurukurirana Nevamiririri Vako

Kurukurirano inobudirira navakuru vakuru vako vakasarudzwa ine simba zvikuru kupfuura izvo vazhinji vanoziva. mashoko omunhu oga, anorangarira anorangarirwa zvakakomba navashandi vomusangano rinoyera zvinyorwa.

  • taura zvakananga neConcise: Hurumende nhamba yepepa (mutoo, "ndiri kunyora pamusoro peH.R. 1234") uye nzvimbo yako. Tsanangura kuti nhau yacho inokutapura sei, mhuri yako, kana kuti nzanga yako.
  • Shandisa Inzwi Rako Umene: Mabhii namanyoro zvakapfava hazvishandi zvikuru kupfuura shoko rine nhau yomunhu oga. Mitezo yevashandi inoshuma kuti nhau dzinoshanda dzoga ndidzo zvishandiso zvine simba zvikurusa nokuda kwokupwisa.
  • Sarudza Nhare dzaUnoshandisa: Nhare dzefoni dzinoshanda zvikuru nokuda kwokuvhura mashoko kana kuti nhau dzokukurumidza kufambisa. Maemail nezvimiro zvewebhu zvinoshanda. Kunyora bhii chairo kunogonawo kuoneka, asi nguva inokosha.
  • Endai Munharaunda: Vamiriri venyu vane mahofisi oruwa munharaunda yenyu. Mahofisi aya anobata mabasa anoumba uye anogona kazhinji kazhinji kugovera betsero yakananga namasangano ehurumende kupfuura hofisi yeD.C.

Kutora Rutivi Rworuzhinji Nokudzidzisa

Kupfuura kurukurirano yakananga, vagari vemo vanogona kupinda mumuitiro wemitemo kupfurikidza nezvinoitika zvavose ndokuronga kunyoresa. Pinda misangano yehoro yetaundi apo mumiriri wako ari muruwa; izvozvi zvirongwa zvavose zvakagadzirirwa rudzi urwu chairwo rwokuchinja. Matare mazhinji anogamuchira ufakazi hwapachena nokuda kwokutongwa, kunyange zvazvo ikoku kuchiwanzorongwa namasangano ezvourongwa kana kuti mapoka ezvemari. Kana nhau chaiyo kwauri, wanai pesvedzero inovimbwa neboka remitemo inoidzwa. Masangano akadai se [[FLT: 0] SACreet.org inogovera mashoko asingabatiki echirongwa chemari, achibvumira kuona pesvedzero yemari yemuitiro wezvamatongerwe enyika.

Mugumo: Congress Sesangano Ravose

Dare isangano rakaoma, asi miitiro yaro, kubva pamiitiro yedare nenharo dzouriri kusvikira kumishumo yemisangano nezvisarudzo zvemari, inodzorwa nemitemo inonyorwa uye, zvikurukuru, yakazarukira vanhu. Kumhanya kwamaune uye zvipingamupinyi zvakakwirira zvegadziriro yemitemo zvinhu zvegadziriro, zvakagadzirirwa kuvaka bvumirano huru nyika isati yaita mutemo mutsva. Kumugari akapikirwa, anonzwisisa chivako ichi itsime resimba. Inozivisa nguva dzakanakisisa dzokuita muuyo, mahofisi orudyi okuonana, uye ukoshingidzira, kutora rutivi runozivikanwa. Gadziro rinoshanda zvakanakisisa apo rudzi runenge ruchibatira ngwariro.