Gavhuna vanobatira savakuru vakuru vehurumende yavo, vane mutoro wokushandisa mitemo yehurumende, kutungamirira bhajeti yehurumende, uye kuraira hurumende yoruwa. Makore mana ari ose munyika zhinjisa (magavhuna mashomanene makore maviri ari ose), vakuru vanovhota kuvhota kuti vasarudze kuti ndiani achatungamirira mugariro wavo nokuda kwenhambo inotevera. Kunzwisisa muitiro wakazara(*kuvambira pakuverenga kwokutanga kwemavambo kusvikira kukuverenga kwokupedzisira kwavaravi bhasi -- vagari vemo vanova vagoverani vanoziva zvikuru muiyi nhano ino yakakomba yedemocracy.

Kutenderera Kwezvinoita Kuti Pasarurwe

Sarudzo yeGubernatorial haiiti dzose pazuva rimwe chetero. Nepo nyika dzakawanda dzichiita sarudzo dzadzo mukati mamakore akatova nechiverengero pamwe chete nezvisarudzo zvapurezidhendi kana kuti pakati penhambo, dzimwe dzinoronga mumakore akasiana. Iyi gadziriro yakasundiswa inoreva kuti rinenge gore riri rose imwe hurumende iri kusarudza gavhuna. Mu 2024, somuenzaniso, nyika dzine gumi nerimwe dzakaita sarudzo yagaro yakaitwa: Delaware, Indiana, Missouria, Montana, New Hampshire, North Dakotay, North Dakotay, Utah, Washington, Washington, uye West Virginia. Kuwedzera, ndima mbiri . . . .55555 Samowam nePuerto Rico .

Nguva yesarudzo yehurumende inogona kutapura zvikuru muvhoti namabasa makuru. Kuvhota kwakaitwa mumakore apurezidhendi kunowanzoona kukwirira kwakakwirira nemhaka yokuti vavhoti vanotosundwa nenhangemutange yapurezidhendi. Nenzira inopesana, makwikwi avakuru vakuru mumakore ari kure kana kuti makore ane nhamba yechienzi angakwevera ngwariro shoma, asi vhoti imwe neimwe inotakura uremu hwakawanda zvikuru pamunhu mumwe. Kunzwisisa denderedzwa racho kunobetsera vagari vemo kukarira apo banza ravo rinotevera rokuvhotera gavhuna richaitika.

Chinoratidzwa: Zvisarudzo Zvikuru

Pamberi pesarudzo yavose, mubato mukuru mumwe nomumwe wezvamatongerwe enyika unoita sarudzo huru yokusarudza mukurumbira wawo.

Mari Dzakavharwa

Mune mativi makuru, vavhoti bedzi avo vari mitezo yakanyoreswa yebato rezvamatongerwe enyika vangavhota muchinhu chikuru chebato iroro. Gadziriro inodzivisa mitezo yamapoka anorwisana ku “pfuura” kupesvedzera kusarudzwa kwerimwe boka. Masangano anenge gumi namashanu anoshandisa maprigrim akavharwa nokuda kwemijaho yegubernator, kubatanidza New York, Florida, uye Kentucky.

Zvikwereti Zvakazaruka

Vavhoti vapamutemo vanobvumira muvhoti upi noupi akanyorwa, pasinei zvapo nesonganiro, kutora rutivi mubato guru romumwe (*) asi mumwe bedzi. Vatsigiri vanofanira kuzivisa pachena kuti ibhuku ripi rebato ravanoda kugamuchira. Munyika dzine makumi maviri neimwe vanoshandisa uyu muenzaniso, kubatanidza Michigan, Georgia, uye Texas. Vatsoropodzi vanotaura kuti kuvhura purofesa kunogona kutungamirira kuvhota, uko vatsigiri vebato rimwe vanofanira kuedza kuvhota munhu ane simba duku zvikuru kubva kuboka rinopikisa.

Midziyo iri pamusoro-paviri ne Pamusoro-Pamusoro

Maruwa anoverengeka, zvikurukuru California, Washington, ne Alaska, anoshandisa gadziriro yakasiana: pamusoro-paviri kana kuti pamusoro-pana. Mumuenzaniso uyu, vada kubhapatidzwa vose vanobva mumativi ose vanooneka pavhoti yokutanga imwe. Mavhoti maviri okumusoro (kana kuti mana muAlaska) anofambira mberi kurusarudzo rwavose, pasinei zvapo nesonganiro. Ikoku kunogona kuguma navapapati mumwe chetevo vanotarisana mukusarudzwa, uko kunoderedza pesvedzero yechitatu asi kunokurudzirawo zvikuva zvine mwero zvikuru.

Sarudzo huru kazhinji kazhinji inhau dzakaderera, izvo zvinoreva vashingairi vebato vakazvitsaurira namapoka ezvirongwa zvefariro anogona kupesvedzera nomutoo usingaenzaniswi muuyo wacho. Mibato yagavhuna kazhinji kazhinji inovamba rinopfuura gore rimwe pamberi peyechikuru, sezvo vanoda kubhapatidzwa vanovaka zita nokusimudzira mari.

Chivako Chepiri: Mushandirapamwe Wekusarudza

Kana vamiririri vebato vangosarudzwa bedzi, nhimbe yavose yesarudzo inovamba mukuita nhimbe dzapachokwadi. Nhimbe dzechinosarudzwa dzinodhura, nendyiko dzinopinda mumakumi amamirioni amadhora munyika huru. Somuenzaniso, gavhuna 2022 weCalifornia anoyeuka anoona mari inopfuura mamirioni $200. Candidate dis mari inobva kuvapi vamwe navamwe, masangano ezvamatongerwe enyika, uye matare ezvamatongerwe enyika (PAC). Dzimwe nyika dzine zvisarudzo zvemari zvinowirirana nemipiro miduku yehurumende.

Mabasa enhimbe anosanganisira:

  • Kushambadzira kwemaMedia: Terevhizheni, redhiyo, madhigirii, uye kushambadzira tsamba ndiko kunotanga kusvika vavhoti. Kushambadzira kwakaipa kwakapararira, zvikurukuru mumakwikwi.
  • [[[FLT: 0] kurukurirano dzeTerevhivhinzi dzinobvumira vavhoti kuenzanisa zvakananga vapindi panhau dzakadai sedzidzo, tarisiro youtano, gadziriro, uye upfumi.
  • Mutambo wekutenderera: kugadzirira suo kuenda pasuo, kubhangisa runhare, uye kuedza kubuda panze kunokosha mukuunganidza vatsigiri.
  • Sacial : Platforms dzakafanana neX, Facebook, uye Istagram dzinoshandiswa nokuda kwokupa mari, mhinduro yokukurumidza, uye kuvhota vaduku.

Nguva yenhimbe inogara kuvambira paJune kusvikira pakuvamba kwaNovember, asi mune dzimwe nyika inogona kukura kwerinopfuura gore. Vachada kunzvera mitemo yemari yehurumende, kuronga nguva, uye kuzivisa zvinodikanwa. Komiti yeFommental inogovera nhungamiro nokuda kwemipiro yehurumende, asi mitemo yenzvimbo inogadzwa neboka rehurumende rimwe nerimwe revhoti kana kuti munyori wehurumende.

Chivako Chechitatu: Kusarudza Kukuru

Sarudzo yagavhuna inoitirwa paChipiri chokutanga pashure poMuvhuro wokutanga muna November, inowanzova inowirirana nemimwe mijaho yehurumende nehurumende. Mudzimwe nyika zhinjisa, muvhoti anogamuchira mizhinjisa (vhoti zhinjisa, kwete hazvo voruzhinji) anokunda sarudzo. Zvisinei, nyika shomanene dzinoda voruzhinji; kana pasina mutezo unosvika 50% pamwe chete, sarudzo inosarudzwa inosarudzwa nevhoti kana kuti, mune zvimwe zviitiko, nehurumende.

Somuenzaniso, Louisiana anoshandisa “gadziriro huru yapamberi pemarusando” umo vose vanoda kubhapatidzwa vanobuda papepa rimwe muna November. Kana pasina anogamuchira anopfuura 50%, vaviri vanoenda kundomhanya muna December. Georgia nenzira yakafanana anomhanya kana pasina mutezo akawana voruzhinji. Runoffs anowanzoona kunyange kuderera, achiita vhoti imwe neimwe inotokosha zvikuru.

Kuzvitutumadza pachako kunogona kuitwa munzira dzinoverengeka:

  • Musi weSarudzo: Mutoo wegamuchidzanwa, nenzvimbo dzokuvhotera dzakazaruka kuvambira mangwanani kusvikira madekwana.
  • Kuvhota kwapamberi: Nyika zhinji dzinobvumira vavhoti kukanda mavhoti mumunhu kwamazuva kana kuti mavhiki pamberi peZuva reSarudzo. Somu 2024, nyika dzinopfuura 40 dzinopa rudzi rwakati rwokuvhota kwapakuvamba.
  • Ambokasee (mumatsamba) kuvhota: Vavongi vanogona kukumbira chivhoti ndokuchidzorera nepositi kana kuti bhokisi rokudonhedza. Mitemo nokuda kwokuvhota kusipo inosiana; dzimwe nyika dzinoda pembedzo (imo, kuva kunze kwetaundi), nepo dzimwe, kufanana naColorado, Oregon, uye Washington, dzichiita sarudzo dzose zvikurukuru neposi.

Vaongorori vanofanira kusimbisa nguva dzakananga dzehurumende yavo uye nzvimbo dzokuvhota kupfurikidza ne [[FLT: 0] Sangano reNational Svatebrary of State (NAS) I Ko kugona kuvhara?

Kuziva Kukodzera Nezvinodiwa

Kuti avhote musarudzo yapamutemo, munhu anofanira kusvitsa mipimo yakafanira yokusagona kuenzana:

  • Iva mugari weUnited States.
  • Iva naanenge makore 18 okukura paZuva Rokusarudza kana kuti pamberi paro.
  • Iva mugari wehurumende umo vari kuvhota (zvinodikanwa zvekosi zvinosiana; nyika zhinjisa dzinoda mazuva 30).
  • Rugwaro kuti ruvhote nokumirira nguva kunoitwa nehurumende.

Misiano yokunyoresa yegore raro inogona kuva yapakuvamba samazuva 30 pamberi pekuvhota (g. Texas, Alabama) kana kuti kunonoka seZuva roKusarudza (g., Maine, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Vermont, Georgia, Indiana) inobvumira kunyoresa kumwe cheteko kwezuva). Dzimwe nyika dzinoda ID [[FLT]] kuti ikanda bhii reOCT. Izvi zvinodikanwa zvinovambira pamitemo yeID yepikito yakaoma (g. g., Georgia) kusiri pamutemo apo rugwaro rwechivhiti kana kuti chisati chiri cha-FOT. [FLT:]]

Chimwe chinhu chinokosha ndi maruramiro okuvhota. Kodzero yokuvhotera vanhu vane zvitendero zvekare inosiana zvikuru nehurumende. Dzimwe dzinotaura kubvisa zvechigarire vanhu nezvinyorwa zvefelon, nepo dzimwe dzichidzorera maruramiro okuvhota pakupedzwa kwomutongo (kubatanidza kubviswa kwemitongo nekuedzwa). Nyika shomanene dzinobvumira vanhu kuvhota. Iri basa rinogona kutapura mazana ezviuru zvevaki vedavi munhangemutange yegavhuna rimwe ragavhuna.

Kusarudza Chaiko Nezvitsiviwa Zvepakati

Pane dzimwe nguva gavhuna anosiya basa asati apedza nguva yavo. Nemhaka yokurega basa, rufu, kana kuti kubviswa panzvimbo. Muidzi nhau, bumbiro remitemo rinoraira mutsivi, kazhinji kazhinji gavhuna mukuru kana kuti munyori wenyika. Hurumende dzakawanda ipapo dzinoita sarudzo chaiyo panhambo yakarongwa yakarongwa kuti dzizadze yasara yeshoko racho. Somuenzaniso, apo Gavhuna Andrew Cuomo akarega muna 2021, Lieutanant Gavhuna Kathy Hochul akava gavhuna uye akashanda musara weshoko racho; sarudzo chaiyo yakanga isati ichidikanwa nemhaka yokuti Hochul akanga atosarudzwa somutongi mukuru mukuru wehurumende. Zvisinei, mukutaura kuti kushaya gavhuna kana kuti mutsetse wenhevedzano wakasiana, jambwa chaiye Kathy Hochkul Hochrul angashen asheodhitwa nokukurumidza.

Sarudzo chaidzo dzakadaro dzezvirongwa dzinokwevera ngwariro inokosha nemhaka yokuti dzinogona kuchinja dzikamo yezvamatongerwe enyika yehurumende pakati pebhasikoro, kuchitapura zvisarudzo zvemiitiro pamusoro pemabhajeti, mitemo yepfuti, tarisiro youtano, uye zvakawanda.

Miganhu Yenguva Nebudiriro

Nyika zhinjisa dzinoisa miganhu pamadzishe adzo. Chirambidzo chinozivikanwa zvikurusa ganhuriro yemirairo yenhambo mbiri dzamakore mana inotevedzana, asi kune misiano. Dzimwe nyika, kufanana naVirginia, dzinorambidza gavhuna kubatira mashoko anotevedzana asi dzinobvumira basa risiri rokutambudza. Dzimwe nyika, dzakadai seNew Hampshire naVermont, hadzina ganhuriro dzenhambo yenhambo yenhambo yenhambo dzose (maganendinoga anobatira mashoko maviri egore, kwete mana). Kunzwisisa ganhuriro dzinokosha nemhaka yokuti dzinosarudza kana muboka ringakwanisa kumhanyazve uye kuti rudzi rungavhurika sei.

Mitemowo yokubudirira. Munenge nyika makumi maviri, gavhuna nagavhuna anomhanya setikiti, naizvozvo mutongi anotora basa racho kana gavhuna asingakwanisi kushanda. Mune dzimwe nyika, gavhuna anosarudzwa akaparadzana uye angasava webato rimwe chetero. Izvi zvinogona kutungamirira kuchinjo mukudzora kwechikamu pakati penhambo pasina vhotina kubva kuna vavhoti.

Chikonzero Nei Muitiro Wako Uchikoshesa

Gavhuna vane chiremera chikuru pamusoro pemiitiro yehurumende inotapura zvakananga upenyu hwevagari vemo: vanokarakadza bhajeti yehurumende, kusaina kana kuti kuisa mutemo, vanogadza vatongi navatungamiriri vemitezo yehurumende, uye vane simba rokukanganwira utsotsi. Munjodzi yakadai sengwavaira yomusikirwo, denda, kana kuti kusagadzikana kwavanhu. “Gavhuna anova munhu mukuru mukutarisira mhinduro. Nemhaka yokuti hurumende dzine mutoro mukuru wedzidzo, chokufambisa, chengeteko yavose, uye murairo woutano, musarumbidzi anogona kuumba hurumende kwamakore anouya.

Mukuwedzera, sarudzo dzinodzorwa nedare rezvamatongerwe enyika rakakura. Gavhuna kazhinji kazhinji vanobatira savatsivi vakuru nokuda kwavadaviriri, uye kuita kwavo kunogona kutapura masimba ebato rorudzi. Kudzorerwa kwezvigaro zvehurumende nehurumende zvomutemo kunowanzosainwa mumutemo nagavhuna, vachipa pesvedzero huru hofisi pamusoro pomufananidzo wezvamatongerwe enyika kwamakore gumi.

Pasinei zvapo neiyi mhodzi dzakakwirira, vhoti dzamapurisa kazhinji kazhinji dzinoderera kupfuura mumakore apurezidhendi. Muna 2018 sarudzo dzenguva yeguberna, dzakadzokororwa kubva pa 40% kusvikira ku 60% zvichitsamira pahurumende. Mumakore apurezidhendi, kuvhota kunopfuura 70% mune dzimwe nyika. Vhoti iri yose isina kuverengwa inomirira mukana unopotsa kupesvedzera mamiriro enyika. Nemhaka yokuti majangarati akawanda anosarudzwa nemicheto mishomanene ye1%, muvhoti mumwe nomumwe ane mukana unotapurwa wekutapura muuyo.

Kugadzirira Kwaungaita Sarudzo Inotevera

  1. Cherekedza mugariro wako wokuvhota. Nyika zhinji dzinobvumira kuvimbika paIndaneti. Kana dzisina kunyorwa, ita kudaro zvakanaka pamberi pekusvika panguva.
  2. Ziva musi mukuru nerudzi rwehurumende yako. Kana wakanyoreswa nebato, iva nechokwadi chokuti unogona kuvhota muchinhu chikuru charo. Munyika huru, sarudza kuti chinhu chikuru chipi chaunoda kutora.
  3. nzvera vanoda kufunda. Kutarira kupfuura mapepa ebato. Enzanisa nzvimbo panhau dzaunoda pamusoro padzo: mitero, ungwaru, mari yedzidzo, mirau yemhoteredzo, uye maruramiro okuvhota.
  4. [ Sarudza kuti uchavhota sei. Sarudza kana uchavhota nokukurumidza, kupfurikidza netsamba, kana kuti mumunhu. Kumbira murongi asipo kana zvichidikanwa, uye cherekedza nguva yokudzoka.
  5. Uyisa zivikanwo inodikanwa. Kana nyika yako ine mitemo yeimondi, iva nechokwadi chokuti une chimiro chinogamuchirika cheID. Dzimwe nyika dzinogamuchira maID avadzidzi kana kuti mabhiri ezvishandiso; dzimwe dzinoda raisensi kana kuti pasipoti rehurumende.
  6. Kurumidza ganda rose. Marudzi eGubernator anowanzooneka pamwe chete namamwe makwikwi anokosha nokuda kwagavhuna mukuru, ggweta mukuru, chibvumirano chehurumende, uye mahofisi omunzvimbomo, pamwe chete nemipimo yezvibvumirano.

Nokuda kwamashoko akawanda ane udzame pamusoro pemiitiro yakananga yehurumende yako yesarudzo, shanyira mukuru mukuru USA.govvota uye sarudzo peji kana kuti onana nedare romunzvimbomo resarudzo.

Sarudzo dzinoitwa nehurumende yeAmerica ndiyo honzeri yehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu. Nokunzwisisa muitiro(whedheni yeAmerica) wekuvhota, mitoo yokuvhota nayo, uye kukwanisa kuvhota ($95zence) vanogona kuita zvisarudzo zvavo voshandisa kuvhota nenzira inobudirira. Nguva inotevera pauchatungamirira kunzvero kuti usarudze gavhuna, uchaziva chaizvoizvo kuti tsika inoshanda sei uye nei kutora kwako nhau kunopfuura nakare kose.