Mitoro yeHurumende: Kubva Muzvokufambisa Kuenda Kuutano Hwavose

Basa rehurumende dzehurumende muUnited States nderehwakavakirwa paupenyu hwezuva nezuva hwamamirioni avanhu. Nepo hurumende yehurumende yehurumende ichitarisira gadziriro yorudzi, muitiro wokumwe, uye kutengeserana kwenyika, hurumende dzinotakura mutoro mukuru nokuda kwemabasa akawanda epamba. Nemhaka yokuti Bumbiro reMitemo rinopa masimba makuru amapurisa (jere rokudzora nokuda kwoutano, chengeteko, uye garikano yavagari vemo inoumba gadziriro dzedzidzo dzorudzi, kuvaka nokuchengetedza mibatanidzwa yezvokufambisa zvinhu, kudzivirira utano hwevoruzhinji, kutarisira zvinhu zvomusikirwo, uye kuchengetedza kuchengeteka. Kunzwisisa aya mabasa hachisi bedzi chidzidzo chavagari vemo; kunokosha nokuda kwokubatanidzwa mugari wemo, kuvhotera kunoziviswa, uye kuonga dzikamo yesimba rehurumende dzeAmerica.

Zvekufambisa Nezvirongwa

Hurumende ndivo vachengeti vakuru vekubatana kwenyika. Dzinotarisira kuvakwa, kugadziridzwa, uye kushanda kwemigwagwa, mabhiriji, zviteshi zvengarava, nhandare dzendege, uye gadziriro dzokufambisa vanhu. Basa iri rinoita zvose zviri zviviri dzimbahwe uye rinooneka zvikuru, rinoita kuti pave nokubudirira kwakananga uye kunaka kwoupenyu.

Manete Omugwagwa Nenzira Yakakwirira

Nyika imwe neimwe inochengeta dhipatimendi rezvokufambisa (mutoo, Caltrans muCalifornia, TxDOT muTexas) rine mutoro wemigwagwa mikuru yehurumende nenyika dziri mukati memiganhu yayo. Ikoku kunobatanidza kugadziridzwa kwenguva dzose kwemugwagwa, kunzverwa kwamabhiriji, kusaina, uye kuvandudzikano. Somuenzaniso, nyika dzinobatirana neFederal Highway Administration kugovera mari yehurumende nokuda kwezvirongwa zvikuru, asi dzinofanirawo kuunza mari yadzo kupfurikidza nemitero yehurumende yemotokari, mari yokunyoresa, uye mari. Mugariro wemigwagwa yehurumende unowanzova chinyorwa chezvamatongerwe enyika, semipaipi yemapaipi yemapato neyamuro yezvokufambisa.

Kufamba Pachena Nemarail System

Kupfuura migwagwa mikuru, nyika dzakawanda dzinoshandisa kana kuti kutsigira zviremera zvezvokufambisa zvavose zvinotarisira mabhazi, njanji inorerukira, uye zvitima zvinofamba. Zvirongwa zvakafanana neMetropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) muNew York kana kuti Massachusetts Bay Tygation Authority yehurumende. Masangano anoitawo basa mukutsigira chitima chezvitima uye njanji dzinotakura vanhu zvakadai seAntrak, kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji achigovera mari yenzira dzingasashanda zvakanaka asi dzinokosha nokuda kwokubatana kwemaruwa. U. Bateinsts yeFYS.

Kuchengeteka Kwemotokari Nokudzorwa

Hurumende dzinogadza ndokushandisa mitemo yemigwagwa mizhinji. Dzinogadza ganhuriro dzesipidhi, zvikwaniriso zvokudhakwa, zvinodikanwa zvokugara zvakadhakwa, uye dzinopedza gadziriro dzokunzvera nokuda kwavatyairi vachiri kuyaruka. Mitemo inoshanda purogiramu dzemotokari ndokuchengeta zvinyorwa zvavapo. Mitemo inocherechedzwa ine mitemo yepombi dzepombi yemotokari (vakuru vakuru vanogona kumisa motokari bedzi nokuda kwokusapfeka chigaro), nepo vamwe vane ganhuriro yechipiri, ichienzanisira kuti mitemo yenyika inosiana sei yakavakirwa pamipimo yomunzvimbomo neropi inoisa pamutemo.

Gadziriro Dzedzidzo

Dzidzo sezvinobvira inzvimbo imwe hurusa yendyiko dzehurumende. Apo maruwa ezvikoro omunzvimbomo anobata mabasa ezuva nezuva, hurumende dzehurumende dzinotanga gadziriro inonyanyodzora nokuda kwedzidzo yeK-12 nekakwirira, kubatanidza zvirongwa zvokushandisa mari, mipimo yedzidzo, uye gadziriro dzokuzvidavirira.

K-12 Dzidzo Yavose

Mitemo inogovera rutivi rukuru rwemari yechikoro, kazhinji kazhinji kupfurikidza nemubatanidzwa wemitero yemari inotambirwa, mitero yemari, uye mutengo wedzidzo yakazvitsaurira. Inoitawo mipimo yedzidzo yezvikamu zvakafanana nemasvomhu, sayenzi, uye Chingelezi. Common State Defective State Ratives, yakanga iri muenzaniso wenhamburiko dzehurumende (hadzisi dzehurumende) dzemipimo yekariro dzokudzidza. Mukuwedzera, inotaura kuti gona mudzidzisi [[FLT:], kuvimbisa zvinodikanwa zvishoma. Vanopa purogiramuwo kuedzwa kwapamhiko, zvakadai seSTAT kana kuti shooredzo dzomugariro, kuyera basa rechikoro. Kurangarira kwapachikoro. Kuwedzera, kubatanidza makadhiro echikoro uye kupindirana kudzo dzinopfuurira kudzorwa muzvikoro.[F.]

Dzidzo Yakakwirira Nezviito Zvehurumende

Hurumende imwe neimwe inoshandisa gadziriro yamayunivhesiti avose namakoreji enzanga, kubva paUniversity of California kusvikira kuState University of New York (SUNY). Hurumende dzinogadza mitemo yemipimo yetsika, kugovera mari, uye kugadza mapuranga avanovimba. Dzinoitawo gadziriro dzeyamuro yemari yakavakirwa pazviripo, dzakadai seHerepy Schlarship muGeorgia kana kuti Cal Grant muCalifornia. Hurumende inosarudza pamusoro pemitengo yedzidzo inobhadhara mari zvakananga uye kukwanisa kupinda nokuda kwavagari vemo.

Kutanga Kwoutano Hworuzhinji

Hurumende ndidzo dzinotungamirira utano hwenyika yeAmerica. Dzinoshandisa madhipatimendi outano, dzinoongorora zvirwere, uye dzinoshandisa zvirongwa zvokusimudzira utano zvinobata mugari woga woga. Mukati menjodzi dzoutano dzakafanana nedenda reCOVID19, zviito zvenzvimbo yakakwirira yehurumende , mauto anoraira, mauto anodzivirira, uye kuparadzira kunzvera.

Kudzivirira Hosha uye Kuzvidzora

Madhipatimendi ezvoutano ehurumende anoronda hosha dzinotapukira, anoita nzvero dzehosha, uye anochengeta masangano erabhoritari. Anoita mapurogiramu okudzivirira nhomba dzokudzivirira zvirwere, kubatanidza zvinodikanwa zvechikoro, uye anotarisira nhanho dzehosha dzinopfuurira dzinobata chirwere cheshuga, hosha yemwoyo, uye kufutisa. Somuenzaniso, hurumende dzakawanda dzakatanga rwisano dzinodzivisa kusvuta kana kuti ganhuriro pae-cigarettets. National relagement relagement relation traption inoitawo basa guru mukuziva chepfurati yetsviki yemhoteredzo netyisidziro yomusikirwo.

Kudzorwa Nokuwanazve Kweutano

Masangano anodzora zvipatara, misha inochengeterwa vakwegura, makiriniki, uye nyanzvi dzezvoutano kupfurikidza namabhodhi ezvokuchengetera mari. Anotarisirawo misika yeinishuwarenzi youtano, nedzimwe nyika dzichishandisa kutsinhana kwadzo pasi peAffordhable Care Act. Médiid, purogiramu yeinishuwarensi youtano yavanhu vanowana mari shoma uye mhuri, inotsigirwa pamwe chete nehurumende, asi nyika imwe neimwe inosarudza mipimo yayo inovharwa, mabasa afukidzwa, uye mari inobhadhara. Uku kudzorwa kunoparira kusiana kukuru; somuenzaniso, inotaura kuti Mdicaid pasi peACA inopfuudzwa zvikuru nemitengo isina kukwirana. [FLT]

Utano Hwevakadzi Nevana

Hurumende dzinotarisira zvirongwa zvakadai seSpecial Ameral Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC), uyewo mabasa outano hwaamai nehwavana.

Kudzivirirwa Kwezvakatipoteredza Nemanyuko Ezvinhu Zvomuzvarirwo

Nyika dzine simba radzinoberekwa naro rokudzivirira mhoteredzo dzadzo uye kudzora kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa zviri munyika dzadzo.

Kudzora Kushatisa Noutano Hwemhepo

Masangano ehurumende anobvumira kubudiswa kwezvinobudiswa mumaindasitiri, anodzora kuraswa kwetsvina ine ngozi, uye anoongorora kunaka kwemvura munzizi nomunyanza.

Kutarisira Mhuka Nemhuka

Hurumende dzinotarisira nzvimbo dzehurumende dzenzvimbo dzehurumende, masango, uye nzvimbo dzokutarisira mhuka. Dzinodzora kuvhima nokuredza rezenisi renzvimbo dzokuredza, kudzika mitemo yemhuka, uye kushandisa zvirongwa zvokuchengetedza mhuka. Madhipatimendi akadai seTexas Parks neWildlifer Department kana kuti New York State Department Conservation ane mutoro wokudzivirira zvinhu zvipenyu nezvinogovera mikana yokuzvivaraidza kunze kwenze. zvirongwa zvemamiriro okunze enzvimbo yenzvimbo yenzvimbo yenzvimbo yenzvimbo yenzvimbo yenzvimbo [[FLTLD:1]] zvinozivikanwa zvikuru, namasangano anoumba mipimo yemipimo yemipimo yemipimo yemibatanidzwa yemibatanidzwa yemibatanidzwa yemitezo, uye kuderedza simba remagetsi rinodzorororo yepasi pevhu inodzo yevhu inodzo inopfumisa.

Kuchengeteka Kwavose Nemabasa Okukurumidzira

Kuchengeta nhevedzano yavose uye kuita chimwe chinhu kumamiriro ezvinhu okukurumidzira mabasa makuru ehurumende dzehurumende.

Mapurisa eHurumende Nokumanikidzwa Kwomutemo

Chinenge hurumende iri yose ine mapurisa ehurumende kana kuti mugwagwa mukuru unodzora mumigwagwa mikuru yehurumende uye chiremera chokubetsera kuchengetwa kwomutemo womunzvimbomo. Hurumende inonzvera (sejiro yeGeorgia Bureau of Investigation) inobata mhaka dzoutsotsi dzakaoma, marabhodhi ezvemari, uye kuungana kwouchenjeri. Manyika anodzorawo mapurisa omunzvimbomo kupfurikidza nemipimo kana kuti rovedzo, uye anoshandisa gadziriro dzeruramiso dzehurumende nejeri rejeri, parole, uye zvirongwa zvokudzora.

Masangano Okudzimisa Mwoto Nokugamuchira Kwokurapa Kwekurumidziro

Hurumende dzinowanzotarisira kudzivirirwa kwemoto nemabasa esango rehurumende (pamoto dzinopisa) uye mahofisi anodzima moto anoongorora uye anoita kuti dzitevedzere mirayiridzo yezvokudzima moto.

Kugadzirira Nemhinduro

Masangano anotarisira njodzi dzehurumende (mutomo, Office of Emergency Services, Division of Emergency Management yeFlorida’s Division of Emergency) anoronga ngwavaira dzomusikirwo dzakadai semadutu, kudengenyeka kwapasi, mafashamo, uye mwoto inopisa. Vanounganidza migove, zvirongwa, uye vanotsinhiranisa nhamburiko dzomunzvimbomo. Apo ngwavaira inopfuura simba romunzvimbomo, hurumende inogona kukumbira betsero yehurumende kubva kuFEMA, asi mhinduro yokutanga inotungamirirwa nguva dzose nehurumende dzomunzvimbomo. Sepygov[FLT] inogovera nhungamiro yomubatanidzwa, asi gadziriro dzehurumende dzinogadzirirwa kunjodzi dzomunharaunda dzakananga.

Kubudirira Kwezvemari Nokugadziridzwa Kwebhizimisi

Hurumende dzinokwikwidzana nokushingaira kuti dziite migariro yakanaka nokuda kwamabhizimisi nokukura kwebasa.

Vatsigiri Vebhizimisi Nemitemo Yemitero

Nyika dzakawanda dzinopa zvikwereti zvemitero, mari, uye mari yokubatsira makambani anoita mabasa kana kuti anoisa mari munzanga dzomunzvimbomo. Izvi zvinokurudzira kubva kuchikwereti chemitero yokugadzira mafirimu muGeorgia neNew Mexico kusvika kukunzvera nokubudirira muCalifornia. Hurumende dzinogadzawo mari yemari yemitero yebhizimisi nemitero yebhizimisi, izvo zvinopesvedzera zvisarudzo zvenzvimbo dzebhizimisi. Zvisinei, vanotsoropodza vanotaura kuti zvimwe zvinokurudzira kusaratidza kuti zvinhu hazvisi kuoneka uye hazvizovi nemhosva; matare ehurumende anowanzotaura nezvokubudirira kwepurogiramu dzakadaro.

Kufambira Mberi Kwebasa

Nyika dzinopinza mapurogiramu erovedzo yebasa kupfurikidza namakoreji enzanga, zvikoro zvemibato, uye zvikoro zvehurumende zvokutanga. Vanoshandisa madhipatimendi ebasa anotarisira inishuwarenzi yokushairwa kwemabasa, mabasa okupinza basa, uye kuunganidzwa kwemitengo yemibato yebasa. Nokuchinja kumari inotsamira pazivo, masangano ari kuwedzera kupinza mari mapurogiramu anorovedza vashandi vanenge vabviswa munzvimbo yavo nokurovha kana kuti maindasitiri. Mabhodhi echikata echinorobhorowa ebasa reStatement-pont [ anobatira pamwe navashandi vapavhu vebasa vapanyika kuti vawirirane rovedzo unyanzvi hwebasa kuti vawirirane.

Kudzorwa Kwezvokutengeserana Nokupiwa Mutoro

Hurumende dzinodzora nhevedzano huru yemibato yemari inopfuura kuumbwa kwebhizimisi. Dzinopa marezenisi enyanzvi nokuda kwavanachiremba, magweta, vacheki, vachemi, uye mamwe mabasa akawanda. Dzinodzorawo inishuwarenzi, kubhangi, uye kuvadziko mukati memiganhu yadzo. ganhuriro dzemari dzinodzivirira mhoteredzo [ inosiana zvikuru nehurumende, uye dzimwe nyika dzakaronda chinjo kuderedza miganhu yavashandi vanofamba mumitsetse yenyika. Mukuwedzera, magweta ehurumende anosungirira mitemo inodzivirira vatengidziri pakunyengera uye miitiro yokutengesa inonyengera.

Dzimba Nekufambira Mberi Kwenzanga

Nepo kuronga nzvimbo iri nzvimbo iri basa rehurumende yomunzvimbomo, hurumende dzehurumende dzine pesvedzero huru pamusoro pemisika yedzimba nokubudirira kwenzanga. Dzinogadza mitemo yokuvaka, dzinogovera mari nokuda kwemabasa edzimba anobhadharwa, uye dzinoshandisa mashopu edzimba. Nyika zhinji dzakaita masangano ezvemari edzimba anopa mari yedzimba pasi pemapepa enzvimbo dzokutenga dzimba dzenguva yokutanga. Mumhinduro kukukwira kwokusava nedzimba, dzimwe nyika dzakaita dziviriro yehurumende, dzakadai sokudzorwa kwenzvimbo kana kuti kubviswa kwezvinodikanwa zvekudzora, nepo dzimwe dzakabvisa zvirango zvomunzvimbomo zvokudzora. miraudzo yedzimba dzeruwa dzepanguva yokutanga.

Kusarudza Nokubatanidzwa

Hurumende ndivo vatungamiriri vakuru vezvisarudzo, kubatanidza sarudzo dzehurumende. Dzinotema miitiro yokuvhota, yakadai senhambo dzokuvhota dzapakuvamba, posi muvhotera, zvinodikanwa zvevhoti, uye kuisa pamutemo. Hurumende imwe neimwe inogadza mitemo yayo nokuda kwemitezo yehurumende yehurumende, inozviisa pasi pemitemo yekodzero dzevagari vemo. Nzira iyo inotonga kubata nayo urongwa hwevhoti(kuvhotera kuti ivhotera nzvimbo dzokuvhotera, kuvhotera nzvimbo dzinovhotera, uye kutendeka kwevhoti. Vakuru vakuru vehurumende nevanyori vehurumende ndivo vane mipimo mikuru mumuitiro yehurumende yedemo yedemo yedemo yehurumende, kazhinji inotarisana nokuongororwa kukuru nedenho dzapamutemo. National Association Association comment comment comment comment re State ([FFFF: 0]]][FF1]]]) inoshanda semiitiro yemiitiro yezvisarudzo pakati pematoti.

mhedziso

Mitoro yehurumende yakafara uye yakakomba. Dzinotapura anenge rutivi rwuri rwose rwoupenyu (kubva mumigwagwa iyo vanhu vanotyaira uye zvikoro zvinopinda vana vavo, kumhepo yavanofema, kuchengeteka kweutano kwavanowana, uye chengeteko yavanotsamira pairi munguva dzengozi. Nepo hurumende yehurumende ichiita basa guru munhau dzorudzi, hurumende inzvimbo dzinotsiva hurumende umo mitemo yehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu umo mizhinji yemitemo inoedzwa uye yakanatswa. Kunzwisisa uko kuri kukura kwechiremera chehurumende kunokosha kunokosha nokuda kwevagari vemo vanoda kuva nevakuru vakuru vakuru vavo vakasarudzwa, vanotsigira chinjo, uye kutora rutivi nenzira inobudirira mukutonga nzanga dzavo. Sezvinopfuurira kurukurirano pamusoro pokutonga kwehurumende dzinopfuurira, chiyero chesimba pakati penyika nenyika namativi makurusa enyika zvinoramba zviri chimwe chehurumende yehurumende yeAmerica.