Zvinoita Kuti Upenyu Hwechibvumirano Huve Nemitemo yeHurumende

Mitemo yehurumende inoumba inenge rutivi rwuri rwose rwoupenyu hwezuva nezuva, kubva paganhuriro dzechimbichimbi parwendo rwako uye zvinodikanwa zvebasa rako kusvikira kukupiwa mari nokuda kwomwana wako ' chikoro nemirau inodzora uku kurapa kwako. Pasinei zvapo neiyi simba guru, muitiro uyo iyi mitemo inoumbwa nawo ndokuchinjwa unoramba uchiva wakajeka kuvagari vemo vakawanda. Kunzwisisa tsika ino haisi rovedzo yedzidzo yedzidzo; ichishandiswa chinoshanda nokuda kwebvumirano chehurumende. Kana ukabata gwaro racho rinotora kubva kumutemo kumutemo, unowana mano okutsigira nenzira inobudirira nokuda kwokuchinja, ita kuti vakuru vakuru vako vakasarudzwa vazvidzorerwe, uye unoparira nenzira ine revo kuhurukuro yavose.

Rwendo rwomutemo wehurumende haruwanzova mutsetse wakarurama. Rwunovhuvhuvhura nomumatare, kuyambuka - tamburirana, uye pakupedzisira kugavhuna ' desiki. Muitiro unorondedzerwa nekurukurirano, kubvumirana. Kunyange zvazvo mitemo yakananga ichisiyana kubva kuhurumende kuenda kuhurumende (Texas inoshanda zvakasiyana neNew York, yakasiyana neNebraskas ' system yeUnicameral), zvinhu zvinokosha zvinoramba zvichiwirirana zvikuru. Iyi nhungamiro inoputsa chikwaniriso choupenyu chomutemo wehurumende, inogovera gadziriro yakajeka inoshanda nokuda kwokunzwisisa kuti muitiro unoitwa sei pamwero wenyika.

Kwose Kunovamba: Kutonga kweHurumende uye Kutanga Kwenhau

Magenesi omutemo upi noupi wehurumende ipfungwa. Iyi pfungwa inogona kubva mumhatsa yakafara yamanyuko: mubatanidzwa anorwisana nechinyorwa chomunzvimbomo, boka refariro chaiyo rinokurudzira chinjo yomuitiro, sangano rehurumende rinozivisa mukaha wokutungamirira, kana kuti mutemi wemitemo ' mutezo wemitemo amene. Zvisinei, pasinei zvapo nemavambo awo, pfungwa yacho haigoni kuva mutemo kutoti yatangwa nomutezo wedare rehurumende.

Basa Remutongi (Sponsor)

Muiti wemitemo uyo anosarudza kutsigira pfungwa anova mutengi wemitemo wewirirano wewirirano wewirirano. anofudza . Mudzimwe nyika, mabhiri anogona kuvawo navashandi vamabhii vakawanda, ayo anoratidzira tsigiro huru uye anowedzera mikana yemutemo unorangarirwa zvakakomba. Mutsigiri wemitemo ' basa nderokufudza chikarakadzo kupfurikidza nomuitiro wose wemitemo, basa rinoda unyanzvi hwezvamatongerwe enyika, kupfityo, uye kupfuurira. Mupiscracti anoshanda navashandi vapamutemo kushandura mufungo wacho mumutauro wakarurama wemitemo.

Kugadzira Mabhiri uye Kutanga

Iyi shanduro inobatanwa ne Office of Legislative Replace Application (kana kuti rimwe gweta rinodudzwa zvakafanana serinoparidzisa). Iri gweta rinotora pfungwa yemitemo ndokuiita kuti ive pamutemo, yakakwana nezvinonyorwa, rondedzero, uye yakananga. Yakanyorwa, mutemo unopinzwa nenzira yapamutemo muMaconftic ' kamuri re (Imba kana kuti Dare). Iyoyi inowanzonzi kutanga kurava , inhano yedanho inonyorwa pamutemo apo mutengo unoiswa muchinyorwa namugovero mukuru (g. g.B, 100.[1]

Marudzi Ezvisarudzo Nezvisarudzo

Hachisi chikamu chiri chose chemitemo chiri mutemo.

  • [[[FT:0] Mabhurobhu: Aya ndiwo maturusi okutanga okugadzira mitemo mitsva kana kuti kubvisa. Anosunga nokutakura kurema kwose kwomutemo.
  • Chisarudzo cheRevo: Kazhinji kazhinji chinoshandiswa nokuda kwokugadziridza kubumbiro remitemo rehurumende, kusimbisa kugadziridzwa kwebumbiro remitemo rehurumende, kana kuti kukurukura nhau dzechinguvana dzakafanana nokubudisa zvisungo.
  • Zvisarudzo zvechinyakare: zvakashandiswa kuratidza murangariro wechibvumirano panhau yakati kana kuti kubata nhau dzokuchengeta pamutemo kwomukati. Ivo havana simba romutemo.
  • Zvisarudzo zvakapfava: Kupfuura nekamuri rimwe kuti vatarisire mitemo yavo vamene yomukati kana kuti kutaura mirangariro yaro.

Muitiro Wedare: Mutengi Wemitemo

Pashure pesumo, bhiriti inogoverwa kudare rakamira [[FLT: 0] rakavakirwa panhau yaro. Chibvumirano chemitemo yemhoteredzo chaizoenda kuNzvimbo neNhevedzo, nepo chikarakadzo chemitero chaizoenda kuNzira neMazi kana kuti Dare reRevolution. Ikoku ndiko uko ruzhinji rwezvikwereti diede [] uye nokuda kwechikonzero chakanaka. Gadziriro yedare rinobvumira vapi vemitemo vane unyanzvi hwakananga kunzvera zvikarakadzo zvakasano.

Dare Rinonzwa

Kutonga kwedare rutivi rwavose zvikurusa uye runosvikwa rwomuitiro wemitemo. Ibanza kuti voruzhinji, nyanzvi, uye vatsigiri vapindure vapindure. Mutsigiri anopa mutemo, achiteverwa nouchapupu hunobva kuvatsigiri navashori. Vagari vanogona kazhinji kazhinji kusaina kuti vataure kana kuti kupa chipupuriro chakanyorwa. Iri ipfundo rakasimba rokupinda nokuda kwomunhu upi noupi anoda kupesvedzera mutemo. Mitezo yedare inobvunza mibvunzo, utera, uye kunzvera murangariro wavose.

Kuratidzirwa Negadziridzo

Pashure pokutonga, dare rinoita rusando rwekunyora . Mutengo unoraviwa nomutsetse, uye mitezo yedare inogona kupa chinjo kuti ichinjire mutauro wayo. Ndokunokuita kwousosi. Mutengo unogona kuchinjwa zvikuru, kusimbiswa, kuderedzwa, kana kuti kunyorwazve chose mukati momucheto. Uyu muitiro unobvumira dare kuvaka mubatanidzwa ndokuita shanduro yepepa rinogona kupfuura imba yakazara.

Mushumo Wedare

Kana kutama kwangokwana, dare rinovhota. Zvinoguma zvaitika zvinowanzoitika zvinosanganisira:

  • [[[FT:0] Mushumo wacho wakakodzera[ (kurumbidza chikamu).
  • [ Muchashuma mutengo wacho zvisina kururama (kuramba kunorumbidzwa).
  • zivisa chikwereti sechachinjwa (nzira inozivikanwa zvikurusa yezvikwereti zvikuru).
  • [[[NHAU] Pepa kana kuti gonhi muromo (unouraya chaizvoizvo pasina vhoti yakananga).

Kana bhiri racho rikapfuudza dare, rinodzokera kukamuri rakazara nomushumo wedare unorondedzera chinjo dzakaitwa uye dare ' rumbidzo.

Kuita Nezviito Zvakaisvonaka: Kukakavadzana uye Chisarudzo Mudare

Kana bhoti rangoshumwa bedzi richibva mudare, rinoiswa panzvimbo yedare ' karenda nokuda kwokurangarira uriri. Rwendo rwokuvhota pauriri runogona kuva rwakareba, sezvo utungamiriri (Mutungamiriri woMutungamiriri kana kuti Scoumer) hunodzora rudungwe. Mabhiri anogona kuneta pakarenda kana asina tsigiro yezvamatongerwe enyika.

Mitemo Yenharo

Gakava rezvokukakavadzana rinodzorwa nemirau yorumano. MuImba, kurukurirano inowanzoganhurirwa ne chirevo chinoitwa neDare reMitemo, iro rinoratidzira kuti gakava richapfuurira kwenguva yakareba sei uye kuti nderipi ringagadziriswa. Dare kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji rine kurukurirano dzakajeka. Magumo anoita hurukuro nokuda kwechibvumirano uye pamusoro pechibvumirano, kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji achinongedzera kuuchapupu chinozivikanwa mudare nezvinodikanwa zvavo. Ndirwo rutivi runooneka zvikurusa rwegadziriro, umo nzvimbo huru dzinoiswa padziri mungozi uye hondo dzezvamatongerwe enyika dzinorwiwa.

Kurava Nokuvaka

Nyika zhinjisa dzinoda mutengo kuraviwa pamazuva matatu akaparadzana pamberi povhoti yokupedzisira. Irori rinozivikanwa se rokutanga, rechipiri, uye rechitatu resvosvero. Pashure pokurava kwechitatu, mavhoti ekamuri. Votes anogona kuva:

  • [[FLT: 0] Vota:[[FLT: 1] Mitezo inodanidzira " Aye " kana kuti " Nhaka, " uye mukuru mukuru anotungamirira anotonga muuyo. Inoshandiswa nokuda kwezvikwereti zvisiri zvemakwikwi.
  • Mitezo yewvision vhota: inomira kuverengwa.
  • Mutezo mumwe nomumwe ' vhoti yakanyorwa pakombiyuta kana kuti nezita. Uyu mutoo unopenya zvikurusa uye unodikanwa nokuda kwemitemo mikuru.

Kana mutengo unopfuura, unoiswa [ (wakanyorwa muchimiro chawo chokupedzisira, chakagadziridzwa) ndokutumirwa kune imwe kamuri kudzokorora muitiro wose.

Kufambisa Dare Rechipiri: Dzokorora uye Kudzokorora

Mutengo unofanira kupfuura zvose zviri zviviri Imba neDare muchimiro pamberi pokugona kutumirwa kuna gavhuna. Kamuri rechipiri kazhinji kazhinji rine zvinhu zvokutanga zvakasiyana nemirangariro, naizvozvo rugwaro runofanira kupukunyuka kumwe kutongwa kwedare, kurukurirano dzapahuro, uye kugadziriswa.

Dare Romusangano

Zvinowanzoitika kuti dzimba mbiri dzipfuure shanduro dzakasiyana dzechibvumirano chimwe chete. Kana izvi zvaitika, dare harigoni kuenderera mberi. Kugadzirisa misiyano, utungamiriri hwekamuri rimwe nerimwe hunogadza boka duku remitezo ku dare rokubatanidza. Dare iri, rinowanzoumbwa nenhengo dzakura kubva kumatare emitemo yakabatana, rinosangana pachivande kuti rikurukure. Chinoguma [ mushumo wenhengo imwe, wakabatana wechirevo. Uyu mushumo unofanira kutenderwa nedzimba mbiri pasina kumwezve kunyorwa. Chishandiso ichi chine simba chinobvumira kubvumira kubvumirana nokupedzisira uye kuputsa.

Chiuno Chomubati: Chiratidzo, Veto, kana kuti Pocket

Kana makamuri ose ari maviri angopfuura muromo wakafanana, yakapetwa [ ndokutumirwa kumubati. Mubati ' basa icherekedzo yakakomba pasimba romutemo.

Zvamungaitira Gavhuna

Pakugamuchira mutongo, gavhuna ane zvisarudzo zvinoverengeka, izvo zvinosiana nebumbiro remitemo rehurumende:

  • Chiratidzo mumutemo: Mutemo unova mutemo, kazhinji kazhinji pamusi wakananga unoshanda.
  • Mutengo: Gavhuna anoramba mutongo wacho chose chose ndokuudzorera kuimba yomutemo neshoko revhato rinotsanangura kuramba. Mutezo wemitemo unogona kukurira iyi ne vhoti [[FLT:]] (kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji matatu maviri ekamuri rimwe nerimwe). Kudzorwa kusingawanzoitiki asi kunobvira apo chigaro chinenge chichinzwa zvakasimba pamusoro penhau.
  • Mumateru-materu: Mumaruwa mazhinjisa, gavhuna anogona kutora zvinhu zvakati zvemitsetse mu appagrofitis (kunatsa) mabhiri pasina kuisa pepa rose. Ikoku kunopa mukuru mukuru wehurumende simba guru pamusoro pebhajeti.
  • Tsaura gwaro kuti rive mutemo pasina siginicha: Kana gavhuna asingaiti chiito mukati menhamba yakagadzwa yamazuva apo imba yomutemo ichiri murusando, mutengo wacho unobva wava mutemo. Ichochi chiratidzo chezvamatongerwe enyika kuti gavhuna haatsigiri mutemo asi haadi kushandisa simba.
  • Pocket vento: Kana chigaro chemitemo chikafa [ (kugumisa rusando) gavhuna ' nguva yehwirudzuro inopera, gavhuna anogona kungosaita chiito, uye muromo wacho unofa.

Gavhuna ' mvumo nemutezo wemitemo ' mano okukunda veto kuumba nzvero huru nedzikamo muhurumende yehurumende. [[FLT: 0] National Conference of State Legislatures (NCSL) inogovera kuputsika kukuru kwemasimba aya nehurumende[.

Mitemo Iri Kuchinja: Kuchinja, Kudzora, uye Utongi Hwechido Chaihwo

Mitemo yacho haifaniri kungogumira pachinhu chimwe chete asi kuti igadziriswe, kugadziriswa, kana kuti kuchinjwa kwemitemo yaivapo, zvakafanana nokusika imwe itsva.

Gadziriro Ye Amendeji

Kugadziridzwa igweta rinonanga mutemo wakananga uripo. Inotaura chaizvoizvo kuti chikamui chomutemo chiri kuchinjwa uye kuti mutauro mutsva chichava chii. Somuenzaniso, mutezo weitwe remitemo ungapfuvura kukwidza mari yakaderera yehurumende kubva pa $7.25 kusvikira ku $15.00.

Kupera Kwaita Zvinhu

Pane dzimwe nguva mitemo haisati ichiri madikanwa. Ingava isati yachinyakare, isiri yetsika, kana kuti isingashandi.

Kutanga Kwemabharakiti Nezviito Zvekudzorera: Chiito Chakananga Chavagari Vemo

Munenge hafu yenyika dzeU.S., vagari vemo vanogona kudarika mutemo wehurumende yose chose chose kuti vaite kana kuti kuchinja mitemo. Uyu ndiwo muitiro we wakananga utongi hwehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu [.

  • Vagari vanoita chitsama chenziyo: Vagari vanoita chirongwa chikarakadzwa chomutemo kana kuti gadziriso yebumbiro remitemo ndokuunganidza chiverengero chinodikanwa chesigino kubva kuvavhoti vakanyoresa kuti vaiise pabhoti. Kana nhano yokutanga inopfuura pasarudzo yavose, inova mutemo. Mienzaniso inobatanidza California ' Potions 13 (miganhu) uye mwero yakasiana-mbidzo yehurumende yapamutemo yembanje yezvokurapa.
  • Referendam: Iyi ivhota pamutemo watopfuudzirwa nedare. Mudzimwe nyika, vagari vemo vanogona kukumbira kuti mutemo uchangobva kugadzwa uiswe pabhoti revhoti yakakurumbira usati washanda. Mune dzimwe, mutezo wemitemo umene unganongedzera kumutemo kuvanhu nokuda kwetendero.

Nzira iyi inogovera chishandiso chine simba chokuchinja apo chirongwa chemitemo chinodzorwa kana kuti chisingadi kuita chiito panhau yakakurumbira. Ballotedia inochengeta mepu ine udzame nenhau yokutanga uye fonianderlum inoshandiswa muU.S..

Kuchinja Kwezvinhu: Kuumba Kwaungaita Mutemo Wehurumende

Kunzwisisa kuti izvi ndizvo zvichaita kuti vanhu vabvume, asi kuti uite izvi unofanira kushingaira.

Kupa Vana Mubayiro Kwakanaka: Nguva Yakafanira Uye Nzira Yokubatanidzwa Nayo

Chinokosha kukubudirira kurumbidza inguva. Nguva yakanakisisa yokupesvedzera chikwereti iri isati yasvika pauriri, ichiri mudare. Ipapa ndipo apo vaiti vemitemo vanenge vachiunganidza mashoko nokuumba mirangariro yavo.

  • Kuonana noMurairo Wako: Imeli pfupi, kana kuti runhare kumumiriri wako umene kana kuti musenheni ndiyo nzira yakananga zvikurusa yokuita nayo kuti inzwi rako rinzwiwe. Ziva nhamba yezvikwangwani, taura zvakajeka nzvimbo yako, uye tsanangura kuti nei ine chokuita newe nenzanga yako. Makurukota anosanopa ngwariro kutsamba dzinogamuchirwa.
  • Rinoedzwa paA Wea: Sezvadudzwa pakuvamba, kutonga kwedare kwavose. Sing’ai kutaura. Gadzira kutaura kwakajeka, kupfupi. Nhau dzomunhu oga dzine simba. Kana usingagoni kupinda pamunhu oga, endesa chipupuriro chakanyorwa. Chinova rutivi rwechinyorwa chedare rapamutemo.
  • Kuvaka Mutengo: Manzwi mamwe namamwe akasimba, asi mapoka akarongwa akakura. Kubatana kana kuti kuumba mubatanidzwa navamwe vagari vemo, mabhizimisi, kana kuti zvisabetsera zvinogoverana nharidzano yako zvinobatanidza shoko rako nezviteshi zvamadziva.

Kuronda Mitemo Nezvisarudzo

Masangano ehurumende azvino uno anopa maturusi akasimba paIndaneti okutsvaka zvikwereti. Unogona kutsvaga mabhii kupfurikidza namashoko anokosha, mutsigiri, kana kuti dare. Unogona kusaina kuti uziviswe nhevedzo dzeemail apo mutengo waunoda pamusoro pezviito. Ivhura nyika risati riri chiteshi icho aggreis madata ewirogrative kubva kunyika dzose dzine makumi mashanu, kuchiita kuti kuve nyore kunyora mabhiri enzira ndokuwana vamiririri vako.

Pakupedzisira, usatongorerutsa simba rebhokisi revhoti. Vaiti vemitemo vanotsigira, kurukurirano, uye vhoti pamabhiri vanosarudzwa newe. Gavhuna anovaratidzira kana kuti kuvadzosa anosarudzwa newe.Anoramba achiziva pamusoro pepamire panomira vadaviri panhau huru uye apo vhoti muchisarudzo chiri chose chehurumende uye kubatanidza kusarudza kwegore negore.

Mutemo Wehurumende Unopfuurira

Kuumbwa nokugadziridzwa kwomutemo wehurumende inhambo inopfuurira, inoita kuti ive yakatevedzana yezviitiko. Haisi nhevedzano yezviitiko yakangorongwa asi kana ichigara yakanyonganiswa(kazhinji kacho yanyonganiswa) yekurukurirano, kubvumirana, uye kuita chisarudzo. Kuvambira pamavambo epfungwa kusvikira kusigino yokupedzisira kana kuti kuvhura, nhano iri yose inzvimbo yokupinda. Nepo muitiro wacho unogona kuratidzika kuva unononoka nokuodza mwoyo, chisiko chawo chamaune chiri kupfurikidza nokugadzira. Chinovakwa kuti chipedzise kana kuti chisafungwa zvakanaka zvepfungwa uye kumanikidza kunzvera pfungwa. Kupfurikidza nokunzwisisa nzira yechitambiso, unozvishongedzera zivo yokutungamirira gadziriro yetsika, unotsigira nokuda kwefariro dzako, uye unobetsera kuutano hwehurumende yako. Mutemo hauna kurongwa mumatombo; unonyorwazve uye shoko rako rinoteverwa, uye rinoteverwa.