Raje Sabba, imba yapamusoro yeParamende yeIndia, ine nzvimbo yechienzi yebumbiro remitemo mugadziriro yenyika yemitemo. Kusafanana neLok Sabha, ane mitezo inosarudzwa zvakananga uye ine nzvimbo yakabatanidzwa nenhambo yesarudzo yorudzi, Rajiya Sabhaha inoumbwa navamiriri vakasarudzwa nemisangano yehurumende, kubatanidza chiverengero chiduku chemitezo ine unyanzvi muminda yakadai semabhuku, sayenzi, unyanzvi, uye basa renzanga. Ichi chivako chinopa Rajiya Sabbaha murangariro wakareba zvikuru uye mukurumbira wekudzorwa kwemipimo, chinoita kuti ive mutsigo mukuru apo inotaura nenzira yakaoma, kukwegura uye pesvedzero yavagari vemo vakwegura. Mitengo yenzvimbo yezvisaro, uye dare rezvirongwa zvehurumende, uye kurukurirano yemagariro apasi pevhu.

Kuoma Kwendangariro: Chikonzero Nei Basa reRaje Sabha Richinetsa

India iri kufambira mberi nokuwanda kwechiverengero chavagari vemo chenhau. Mukuwirirana ne United Nations Population Prospects 2022, uwandu hwemaIndia ane makore 60 napamusoro hunorongwa kukwira kubva pa 10% mu 2021 kusvika ku20% pa2050. Kushandura kunenge kuvagari vemo vakura vane 340 miliyoni nepakati pezana. Kuchinja uku kunounza kurayira kukuru kwegadziriro dzechengeteko dzemagariro avanhu, dzimba dzinobvira, uye zvirongwa zvepamutemo zvinodzivirira chiremera neHwirirano. Bhejiya Sabha, seimba inohwirudzura nguva refu neyati, inomirira nzvimbo yemhatsa yenzvimbo yegore rakareba. Zvikaro zvinowanzobatira nokuda kwokutarisira kwegore chitanhatu, uye kubvumira kugadziridzwa kwechisaruko rwechitanhatu.

Kumirira Kusiyana - siyana Kwenharaunda

Chiwadzano chavanhu vakwegura cheIndia hachisi chamaperembudzi. Mitengo yakadai seKerala neTamil Nadu ine mwero yakakwirira zvikuru yavagari vakwegura, nepo nyika dzakafanana naBihar naUttar Pradesh dzine chiverengero chavagari vapasi vaduku. Rajiya Sabba Hurumende inotumira chiverengero chakati chemitezo kuchiverengero chavagari vadzo kuchiverengero chavagari vapasi chavanhu chakaenzana. Zvikamu zvehurumende zvinova nechiverengero chavanhu vakwegura nokukurumidza zvikuru zvinonzwiwa mukurukurirano dzemitemo yenyika. Somuenzaniso, mitezo inobva Keralah yakamutsa nguva dzose nhau dzine chokuita noutano hwevakweguru uye mari yependi, nepo mitezo inobva kumaruwa yakatanhamara nezviwiriranwa zvavagari vemo yakatanhamara yakatanhamara yakasimbisa mamiriro ezvinhu. Iyi mamiriro ezvinhu ehurumende anobetsera shaya yapa shapu yetsika anotapura kubviswa kusarura kwemipanyu.

Mitambo Yemitemo: Kuumba Kwakaita Raje Sabha Spects Adval Policy

Sezvo imba yapamusoro, inohwirudzura, kugadziridza, uye pane dzimwe nguva mitero pamusoro pegarikano yavagari vakura. Nepo mabhiri emari achigona bedzi kuvamba muLok Sabba, Rajiya Sabha ane simba rokunonozesa kana kuti kukarakadza kugadziridzwa kumumwe mutemo, uye kubvumirana kwayo kunodikanwa nokuda kwokugadziriswa kwebumbiro remitemo ripi neripi. Mumashoko akapoteredza emitemo yokukwegura, zvikamu zvinoverengeka zvemitemo zvakapfuura nomunzvero yeRajivya Sabra.

Kuchengetedzwa uye Kugarisana Kwavabereki Navagari Vakura, 2007

Zvichida mutemo unonyanya kukosha munzvimbo ino iMahannes and Welfare of Parents and Senior Citizens Act, 2007. Rajeya Sabba akaita basa rinokosha mukunatsa mutemo uyu mukati mokufamba kwawo. Mutemo unogovera musengwa wapamutemo kuti vana kana kuti hama vachengete vabereki vakwegura, uye unotanga matare okutsiva zvigumbu zvinokurumidza zvine chokuita nokuchengeta nokudzivirira. Pamushonga weRajiya Sabba, nhengo dzakasundidzira nokuda kwegadziriro dzakasimba zvikuru dzokurwisa kubatwa zvisina kufanira kwevakuru, tsanangudzo dzakajeka dze‘kudzora, uye nzira dzokuita zvinhu pamwero yokuita zvinhu pamuti wouswa. Chiito chokupedzisira chinosanganisirawo gadziriro dzokutangwa kwemisha yekare nedziviriro yezviwanikwa zvayo.

Kuchengetedzwa uye Kugarika Kwavabereki Navagari Vakura (Kuchengeteka), Bhizi 2024

Nguva pfupi yapfuura, Rajiya Sabba ave achiongorora kugadziridzwa kwenhau dzeMurayiro wa2007. Kugadziridzwa kunokarakadzwa kunosanganisira kukudza tsananguro ye‘vana vokurera nevana vokurera, kuwedzera chirango chokurasa, uye kugonesa vagari vemo vakuru kubvisa zvinhu kana zvikasaitwa. Rajiya Sabba Dare Rimire paSagnice, iro rinowanzoita kuti pave nouchapupu hune udzame uye hunokurudzira, rave riri chinhu chinobatsira mukugadziridza uku kugadziridza. Mishumo yedare yacho, yakapfuurirwa muRajya Sab, inogovera pfuma yeuchapupu hunotsigira zvakananga nzira yehurumende.

Basa Rematare eParamende

Kupfuura kurukurirano dzapauriri, matare akawanda eRaje Sabha epesvedzero pamuitiro wevakwegura anoshandiswa kupfurikidza negadziriro yawo yedare. Dare Rinomira paRuramisiro neMasimba, Dare reUtano rwevemagariro, Dare rezvemari zvose zvinonzvera nguva dzose nhau dzine chokuita nokukwegura. Matare aya anodana vakuru vakuru kubva pamibato yeMinisional Justice yeSocial and Maclementmentmentmentmentmentation, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, uye Ministry of Department of Department kuti vatsamise yemist, mipiro yemari yemari kuti vatsana, uye migumisiro yemigumisiro. Mishumo inovapo inovaro inova yakawanda zvikuru uye ishomanenero kupfuura kurukurirano dzouriri hwepasi pevhuro, ichiita zvishandiso zvine simba nokuda kwekugadziriso.

Fundo Yenyaya: Muitiro Wenyika Wevanhu Vakura

Muna 1999, India yakagamuchira National Policy for Old Persons (NPOP), iyo yakaitirwa kuti pave nechokwadi chegarikano nechengeteko yavakwegura. Zvisinei, kushanda kwakakundikana. Mumishumo yedare raRaje Sabha mumakumi emakore akatevera, nhengo dzakasimbisa mikana yokubviswa kwepenjeni, kusakwanisa kurapwa kumaruwa, uye kusatarisirwa zvakanaka kwehurumende. Mishumo iyi yakakurudzira hurumende kuti ipedze purogiramu yeIntegrated Programme for Elder Peral Pers (IPOP) muna 2010, mari yaiiswa mumitemo yezvokurapa, makamba ezvokuraparesa, uye makamba ezvokurapavhuro akawanda eva. Rajan Sabba yakanga iri mutarisiri mukuru wedzidziso iyi yemhindumupinduko.

Kutapura Gadziriro Dzenzanga Dzenzanga

Pesvedzero yaRaje Sabra inotambanukira kupfuura kuiswa kwemitemo uye dare rinoshuma kupinda mukuitwa kwezuva nezuva kwegadziriro dzegarikano. Kupfurikidza neawa yebvunzo, zero awa, uye kudzokororwa chaikoiko, mitezo inomutsa zvichemo zvakati nguva dzose. Zvakadai sokunonoka mumibhadharo yepenjeni, kushaikwa kwokuwana betsero dzeAyushman Bharat kuvakuru, kana kuti kupfuudzira kusina kukwana kwePradhan Mantri Vandana Yjana (PMVVY). Izvi zvinoparira ngwariro nokumanikidza kuti agamuchire namatendimirwe, tsanangudzo, kana kuti zviito zvokururamisa.

Kugadzira Zvigadzirwa Zvepeni

Sabhuka reNational Pension System (NPS) neIndira Gandhi National Old Age Pension Scheme (IGNOAP) ose ari maviri akanzverwa muRajiya Sabbaha. Mitezo yakakumbira nokuda kwokuwedzera mari yepenjeni yemwedzi nomwedzi (yapanguva ino 76200-500, zvichitsamira pazera), nokuda kwokuibatanidza nokupfuudza kubatanidza vashandi vepamubato vasina kurongwa. Muna 20222, kutevera mibvunzo inopfuurira muRaja Sabhaha, hurumende yakazivisa mudyandigere wakawedzera pasi pePMS Kisan Dhangiyahonga, uko kunogovera mudyandigere wapamwe mwedzi namwedzi wechiduku uye mugweta pashure pokuzorora. Nepo kusaratidza bedzi nokuda kweva vakweguru, urongwa uhwu urongwa hweSaryabha hunotungamirira kufambidza kuchengeteko munzanga.

Kuwana Kurapwa

Kutarisira utano musoro unodzokororwa muRajeya Sabhaha kurukurirano pamusoro pokukwegura. Ayushman Bharat Pradhat Mantari Jan Arogya Yoyana (PM-JAY) inogovera kupfuudzwa kwoutano ku 365 lakh pagore nokuda kwenhau dzesespendi nedzechipfuva. Zvisinei, vakwegura vanotarisana nedenho dzechienzi: ivo kazhinji kazhinji vanoda migariro isingachinjiki, vanoda nguva refu inotevera manyuko, uye sezvingabvira zvikuru kubviswa mubhaziro remhuri kana vachigara vari voga voga. Mitezo yaRayya Sabbaha yakamutsa yadzokororwa yadzokororwazve, inotungamirira kukutanga kwechigwa kweAyman Aroshimadir , uye kukura kwemibato yebasa. Kuwedzera, [FYN.]

Nharo Pamusoro Pokubatwa Zvisina Kufanira Kwavakuru Nokuzviparadzanisa Nenzanga

Imwe yemipiro isingaonekwi zvikuru asi inokosha zvakaenzana yeRajiya Sabha yave iri mukukudza kuziva pamusoro pokubatwa zvisina kufanira kwavakuru nokuzviparadzanisa. World Health Organization inofungidzira kuti mumwe muvakwegura vatanhatu anotambura rudzi rwakati rwokubatwa zvisina kufanira munyika yose. MuIndia, magweta etsika kazhinji kazhinji anodzivisa vanyajambwa kushuma kubatwa zvisina kufanira, uye kuunganidzwa kwamashoko kunoramba kwakaneta. Rajaya Sabha yakaronga kurukurirano chaidzo pamusoro penhau yacho, gungurirano National Crimes Recoubles Bureaults uye fundo dzinobva kuNjos. Iyi kurukurirano yakatungamirira kugadziriswa kwenhungamiro dzemiedzo dzemiedzo dzevakuru pakusimbisa dzvinyiriro nakurovedza vapurisa vakuru kubata zviitiko zvinotapura kukuvadziko dzinoda kukurumidza. [FLT:][3][5]

Zvinetso Zvokushandisa

Pasinei zvapo neSabya Sabba Act yebasa rinoshingaira, denho dzinoverengeka dzinopfuurira. Chokutanga, matare anoisa mativi akakamukana pakati pomutemo nechinhu chaichoicho anoramba akakura. Hurumende dzinogara dzakafara. Kuchengeteka neNhare yevabereki naVagari vomunyika. Somuenzaniso, dzinoda kuti ruwa rumwe norumwe ruve nedare uye mukuru wezvokuchengetedza. Maruwa akawanda achiri kushaiwa zvivako izvi. matare eSabha azvidzokororo zvakadzikazve, asi hurumende dzinoita kuti dzishande mari kana kuti zvitoko. Rechipiri, [[FLT.FLT:] [FOLD] [FF:3] nokuda kwezvirongwa zvegarikanwose nePrence] zvamatutsiriti akaderera. Dare reMagariro eMagariro nePricialtic Matualism rinorumbidza chitsa chitsatsatsatsamatikidzo chemari.

Kubatana Kwevanhu

Rimwe denho iyo Rajiya Sabba yakavamba kutaura nezvayo itsika inowirirana. Sezvo vakwegura vanokura, pane ngozi yokuti pfuma yedzidzo nemabasa oupwere ingamanikidzirwa. Rajiya Sabha, necherefu yayo nerefu, ndiyo mhando yemhesano yenhau yeidzi kutengeserana. Muna 2023, kududzwa chaiko muRajiya Sabha kupfurikidza nomutezo weMadhyya Pradesh kwakasimbisa kudikanwa kwechikamu chikuru [[FLT: 0] kweNational Policy yeInternational Seational Divity .

Murangariro Wokuenzanisa: Kudzidza Kudzimwe Dzimba Dzapamusoro

Rajiya Sabha haisati iri yoga iri mungwariro yayo yokukwegura. Dzimba dzapamusoro mudzimwe gadziriro dzehurumende . zvakadai seUnited Serten, Bundesrat yeGermany, uye Dare reAustralia((zvino) zvinobatawo nemitemo nokuda kwavakwegura. Zvisinei, mashoko akapoteredza eIndia akasiana nemhaka yemwero weurombo pakati pavakuru, kushaikwa kwechengeteko yenzanga yapose pose, uye nhengedzo inokurumidza yokukwegura kwemitengo. Rajiya Sabbaha yakakoka nyanzvi dzapanhambo nenhambo nenhambo kudzimwe nyika kunzwiro dzayo dzedare, asi zivo yakarongeka zvikuru ingagona kusimbisazve pesvedzero yayo. Somuenzaniso, [FLT:] PSGRATIS Operativerativerati yezvo kunzvera kwetsika. [FLT.]

Nhungamiro Dzomunguva Yemberi

Rajiya Sabba inogona kuita basa rakatokura munharaunda nhatu dzinokosha. Kutanga, [[FLT: 0] ruzivo rwemitemo nenhamba yokubatanidza: Vakweguru kazhinji ndivo vasingadiwi zvikurusa mumasangano emitauro. Mitezo yakasuma zvikwereti zvemitezo yemitezo yezvemari nemhesano dzokukumbira nokuda kwenzvimbo dzokudzidza namabasa okupfuudza. Rajiya Sabbaha ingagona kusundira nokuda kwemari yakatsaurirwa nokuda kwemipimo yemifungo yemitengo yavakuru. [[FLT:] Yechipiri] Nhengeta yezvitengo zvepatengi yemari yetengi yepamro yapamheyo yetezo [[FLT]] [FLD3]]: India ine mishato mishomanene zvikuru neyagara inoya inopfuudza kushaiwa kwayo. Dare reNhamba-magati-pfumitenyuro rinorumbidzwa nokuda kwemiteveri, uye kupfumisa utano hwenyika yose.[Fodvom]

Mabhiri enhengo Dziri Dzoga Nezvadzinoita

Nepo mitemo mizhinjisa ichitangwa nehurumende, zvikwereti zvapachivande zvemitezo muRajiya Sabha zvakatanga nguva nenguva nzvimbo yokuchinja kukuru. Somuenzaniso, mutongo wakatangwa muna 2019 wakatsvaka kuita kuti chive chikwaniriso chokuti zvipatara zvose zvive nebhepatimendi rekireshi. Kunyange zvazvo isina kuva mutemo, kuziviswa kwakaitwa negweta kwakatungamirira Minisitiri woUtano kukupa nzvimbo yezveutano yokuvanza mari pakuvamba maradhi. Nenzira yakafanana, mutezo womunhu oga wezvipatara kuti uve nenzvimbo yokuchengetera mutengo wemari inoshatisa mari yemariat zvirongwa zvokufunga nezvavose] mu201 [201] kurukurirano yorudzi pamusoro pokuti vachembere vemisha vanogona sei kuisa zvinhu zvavo pasina kuva vadzinga. shamba dzechidiro. shabharowo inokurukura pfungwa iyi pfungwa dzokuda kukurukura pfungwa dzendangariro dzendangariro dzendangariro dzehurumende (8]7]7]

mhedziso

Rajiya Sabba Act yakatanhamara inoshanda sechenjero yakakomba uye mutsigiri wemiitiro yevakwegura uye vagari vemo vakwegura. Kubva pamutemo wechiratidzo wakadai seMarience and Welfare of Parents ne Senior Citizens Act kusvikira kunzvero inopfuurira yemidyandigere nezvoutano, imba yapamusoro inoshanda sechenjere yakakomba uye mutsidziri wepfungwa. Gadziriro yedare rayo rinopa kujeka, kurukurirano dzaro dzinogovera kujeka, uye mitezo yayo inopa kuoneka, uye mitezo yayo inova yakabva kumativi ose, uye inonzwika namanzwi ayo. Zvisinei, muedzo wechokwadi weidzo yeiyi inoshanda mukushanda. Rajaya Habha inogona kupfuurira kusimbisa basa rayo nokuraira mutoro wayo kupfurikidza nokuraira kuzvidavirira kwapamhizha, kupfurikidza nokubatanidza kubvumirana kwenhau refu, uye nokutsigira nzvimbo yapamutemo yehurumende yehurumende yehurumende yeIndia ino.