Ukuqonda Ukudibana Nendima Yako Ebutholweni

Ukungahambelani kungaphezulu kakhulu kunobukho nje bamaqela ahlukeneyo akwindawo ethile. Ichaza umgudu owenziwa ngabom, okhutheleyo wokudala iindawo ezisingqongileyo apho wonke umntu ((ongenamkhethe wohlanga, ubufanasini, indlela yesondo, ukukhubazeka, ubudala, imvelaphi yentlalo, okanye nasiphi na isiphawuli) samkeleke ngokwenene, sihlonelwa, sixake, kwaye sixatyiswa. Ukungabi naluxanduva kuthetha ukuba abantu banokuba nenxaxheba ngokupheleleyo, bavakalise iimbono zabo ngaphandle koloyiko lwempindeleleko, kunye nezigqibo ezibachaphazelayo.

Xa ucalucalulo lufakwe kwilaphu lamaziko, lukhupha uludwe lweengenelo. Uphando lubonisa rhoqo ukuba amaqela aqukayo enza izigqibo ezingcono ukuya ku 87% yexesha, ngokwesifundo seCloverpop. Ngaphezu koko, imisebenzi equka zonke inikela ingxelo yokubotshwa kwabaqeshwa, ukujijwa komgangatho ophantsi, kunye nokuphuhliswa okuninzi. Ezi ziphumo azikho ngengozi; zibangelwa kukuyila ngabom izakhiwo ezitsala nokunyusa iminikelo eyahlukeneyo.

Ukungavumelani nomahluko: Umahluko obalulekileyo

Udideko oluqhelekileyo lukhona phakathi kokwahluka-hluka kunye nokungaguquguquki. Ukuzidibanisela kubhekiselele ekuqalisweni kweqela elikhoyo. "ukungaguquguquki" kubhekiselele kumava abo bantu xa bekhona. Umbutho ungafumana amanani ahlukeneyo ngaphandle kokuqukwa ukuba amandla, ubuncwane, kunye nentlonelo zihlala zidibene phakathi kwamaqela ambalwa. Ukudityaniswa kubhekiselele ekususweni kwemiqobo kunye nezixokelelwano ukwenzela ukuba iinguqu ziqhubeke. Zombini ziyimfuneko, kodwa ngaphandle kobuqhetseka, imigudu eyahlukeneyo isoloko ingaphumeleli ukufikelela kwinzuzo yazo ezicetyisiweyo.

Ityala Leshishini Nezentlalo

  • amandla:[ u-Inclusity uyawaqonda amalungelo omntu ngamnye angokwemvelo kunye neminikelo, nto leyo ebenza bakwazi ukusebenza ngoncedo nangentembelo.
  • Ukuququzelela: uluntu oludibeneyo lukhuthaza ulwazelelo kwaye lunciphisa ingxabano, ukwakha amaqhina omeleleyo entlalo.
  • [[UMTL:0] Ubunzulu bengcinga: amava aphilayo awahlukeneyo avelisa umgama obanzi weengcamango, ukuphucula ukucazululwa kwengxaki kunye nobuchule bokwenza izinto.
  • [[Utshintsho:0] Ulwandiso nokwanda: Imisebenzi enezithethe eziqukayo inokwenzeka ngokuphindwe kangange1.7 ukuba yinkokeli etsha emarikeni, ngokutsho kukaBerssin nguDeloitte.
  • [[UMTL:0] Intengiselwano epheleleyo: Abaqeshwa abavakalelwa kukuba baqukiwe abanamathuba aneleyo okushiya, ukugcina imibutho ebalulekileyo yokufumana imvume kunye neendleko zoqeqesho.

Ukulingana, Ukulingana Nokubaluleka Kwako

Ukulingana kuthetha ukuba wonke umntu unamalungelo asemthethweni afanayo, amathuba, nokufikelela kumacebo njengaye wonke umntu. Ngumgaqo wokuba akukho mntu umele aphathwa kakuhle ngenxa yophawu olukhuselweyo. Noko ke, ukulingana kwamathuba akunakufunyanwa kuphela ngokuphatha wonke umntu ngendlela efanayo. Oku kulapho ingcamango enxulumeneyo ye [[FLT: 0] iyimfuneko.

Ukulingana

Equity iyavuma ukuba amaqela ahlukeneyo aneencam zokuqalisa kwaye asenokufuna inkxaso elungiselweyo ukuze afikelele kwisiphumo esinye. Umzekelo, ukunikeza utoliko lolwimi lwezandla kwintlanganiso kawonke-wonke kuqinisekisa unikezelo olulinganayo kubathathi-nxaxheba abaziziThuli (nangona abanye bengalufuni olo nkonzo. Ngaphandle kokubhala, ulingani okusesikweni kungaqhubekisela phambili ulwahlulo olukhoyo. Inkqubo esebenzisa umthetho ofanayo kubo bonke ngokungaqondanga inokubakhupha abo bajongene nemiqobo. Abaxhasi ngoko batyhalela ukulingana kowo omabini amalungelo nokungabikho komxhasi.

Imigaqo Eyintloko Yokulingana

  • [[Umthetho:0] Imithetho yeNon-Discrimination: kufuneka inqabe ucalulo oluthe ngqo nolungangqalanga olusekelwe kuhlanga, ubufanasini, ukukhubazeka, ubudala, unqulo, imbonakalo yesondo, kunye nezinye izinto ezikhuselweyo.
  • Ithuba elipheleleyo: Wonke umntu kufuneka abe nethuba elifanelekileyo lokusukela imfundo, umsebenzi, indawo yokuhlala, kunye neenkonzo zikawonke-wonke ngaphandle kokubekwa.
  • [[UMTL:0] Ubungalingani bomgangatho othelekelelwayo: Idlula ngaphaya kokulingana okusesikweni okusemthethweni ukuphendula iziphumo/ukuzama ukuba amaqela anokulingana na ukufikelela nempumelelo.
  • [[UMTL:0] Ukuthatha Inxaxheba equkayo: imizimba eyenza isigqibo mayibonise umahluko wabemi abakhonzayo.
  • [[NTLA:0] Access kubulungisa: amayeza asemthethweni kufuneka angafikeleleki, aqondeke, kwaye asebenze kubo bonke abantu.

Imisebenzi Esemthethweni Yokukhusela Ukulingana Nokulingana

Izivumelwano ezininzi zezizwe ngezizwe nemithetho yesizwe ziwavumela amalungelo okulingana nokungachasani. Ukuqonda ezi zakhiwo kunika abaxhasi amandla okugcina amaziko ephendulwe.

Izixhobo ze-oyile zezizwe ngezizwe

IZizwe Ezimanyeneyo ziye zamisela amaxwebhu aliqela asisiseko:

  • Isibhengezo esingahambelaniyo samaLungelo Oluntu (UDHR): sakhutshwa ngo-1948, iGama layo 1 lichaza ukuba bonke abantu bazalwa bekhululekile kwaye belingana kwisidima nakumalungelo. Lise lisiseko somthetho wamalungelo abantu wehlabathi lonke. Funda iUDHR.
  • INdibano yezizwe ngezizwe ekwiNkqutyana yokupheliswa kweMiba yoHlolo lwe-ICERD (ICERD):[ amazwe e-Obligees ukuphelisa ucalucalulo lobuhlanga nokukhuthaza ukuqondana phakathi kweentlanga.
  • Ukususwa kwazo zonke iintlobo zocalulo kuMabhinqa (CEDAW): isoloko ichazwa njengengxelo yamalungelo amabhinqa ehlabathi lonke, ifuna amatyala ukuthatha amanyathelo ukuze kufunyanwe ukulingana kwendoda nendoda.
  • Isivumelwano samalungelo abantu abaneziphene (CRPD):[ ngokuphandle ulwahlulelo ngesizathu sokukhubazeka kwaye igunyazisa ukufumaneka nokubandakanywa kuzo zonke iinkalo zobomi.
  • Umnqophiso wezizwe ngezizwe okwiMalungelo ezoqoqosho, eMantlalo neNkcubeko (ICESCR): Uqaphele amalungelo emfundo, impilo, umsebenzi, kunye nomgangatho ofanelekileyo wokuphila.

Imithetho Kazwelonke Nokunyanzelwa

Nangona izivumelwano ezimiselwe mazwe ngamazwe, ukuphunyezwa okusebenzayo kuxhomekeke kumthetho wekhaya. Imizekelo engundoqo iquka:

  • United States: UMthetho wangowe-1964 wokwalela ucalucalulo olusekelwe kuhlanga, imibala, unqulo, isini, okanye imvelaphi yesizwe. AmaMelika anoMthetho (ADA) okhubazeko olulinganayo kubantu abakhubazekileyo emsebenzini, kwiindawo zokuhlala zikawonke-wonke, nezinye ezininzi. ubuncwane be-Explore ADA
  • UBukumkani obuhlangeneyo: UMthetho we-Mail 2010 uqinisa kwaye womeleza imithetho elwa nocalulo, equka iimpawu ezisithoba ezikhuselweyo.
  • [[FLT: 0] I-Eupanean Union: Imiyalelo kunyango olulinganayo emsebenzini nokufikelela kwimpahla neenkonzo zenza isiseko somgca osisiseko kumazwe angamalungu.
  • [[UMTL:0] Iindia: Amalungelo abantu abaneziphene kuMthetho 2016 ahambelana neCRPD, ukukhuthaza ukufumaneka nokubandakanywa.

Abantu abaninzi abawazi amalungelo abo, okanye abajamelene nemiqobo ekufumaneni unyango olungokwasemthethweni. Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezinamandla nokusetyenziswa kwenkqubo yokukhalaza kuyaqhubeka.

Ukukhuthaza Ubudlelane nokulingana kwimfundo

Imfundo yenye yezona zinto zinamandla zokwakha ibutho labantu abahlala bebodwa. Xa izikolo zenzelwe ukuba zincede bonke abafundi, aziniki nje ulwazi kuphela kodwa zikwabonisa indlela ezixabiseke ngayo nezokuba ngamalungu alo.

Iindlela zobuchule zemfundo epheleleyo

  • [[NTL:0] Uyilo olungadibaniyo lokufunda (UDL): Yisakhiwo esinika iindlela ezininzi zokuganana, ukumela, kunye nentetho ukwenzela ukuba umfundi ngamnye afunde ngokunempumelelo. I-UDL inceda kungekuphela nje abafundi abanesiphene kodwa kwanabo banendlela ezahlukeneyo zokufunda, iimvelaphi zolwimi, nabafundi abanolwazi olwahlukileyo.
  • [[UMTL:0] Ukufundisa okucacileyo: Abafundisi baquka iimbekiselo zenkcubeko nembali ezahlukahlukeneyo kwizifundo, benza izifundo ezinxulumeneyo nezinentlonelo kuzo zonke imvelaphi.
  • Imithetho ecacileyo, enyanzelisayo ebhekisa kumsebenzi osekelwe kuncedo lobunyani. Izikolo kufuneka ziqeqeshe abasebenzi ukuqaphela nokuphazamisa iindlela ezifihlakeleyo zomkhethe.
  • [[NTL:0] Iindawo zokuhlala ezifumanekayo: Ukunikezela ngobugcisa obuncedisayo, iincwadi zokufundisa ezifikelelekayo, abathathi-zincwadi, nexesha elongeziweyo lovavanyo liqinisekisa ukuba abafundi abaneziphene bangathabatha inxaxheba ngokupheleleyo.
  • [[NTL:0] ICurricuum eQhelekileyo: imela iminikelo yamabhinqa, abantu bombala, iLGBTQ+ amanani, kunye nabantu abaneziphene kwimixholo bandisa ukuqonda kwabafundi kwaye banciphise ubalo oluqhelekileyo.
  • IiNkonzo ze-Support: Abacebisi beSikolo, abasebenzi bentlalo, kunye neenkqubo zoontanga zinganceda ukusingatha iimfuno ezingezizo ezezamalungu oluntu zabafundi abangenamsebenzi, ezifana nenkxaso yempilo yengqondo okanye ukhuseleko lokutya.

Imfundo ePhakamileyo nokufumaneka

Iikholeji neeyunivesithi zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuhambeni. Iziqu ezithi zikwazi ukuyekelela (apho kusemthethweni), imfuno yokungena ngokufihlakeleyo, iinkqubo zebhulorho, kunye nemali-mali yamaqela angaphantsi komnxeba zinganceda ekulinganiseni ibala lokudlala. Ukongeza, amagumbi emfundo kufuneka aqinisekise ukufumaneka komzimba namanani, ukubonelela ngezindlu zangasese ezingobufana, kwaye axhase amaqela afundisayo amasiko kunye nabazizo. Inkqumlelo kunye noqeqesho lwabafundi abaphantsi kwemidathanga ephantsi kufuneka balulwe kwaye baphuculwe ngoncedo olupheleleyo.

Ukungalingani Nokulingana Emsebenzini

Imisebenzi equka abantu abaqeshwayo ayipheleli nje ekuqeshweni ngabantu abahlukahlukeneyo; iqinisekisa ukuba bonke abaqeshwa banokuphumelela baze bahambe kakuhle.

Uqheliselo Olunomtsalane

Ukuphelisa ikhethe elingekho zingqondweni, imibutho ingamkela ukujongwa kobumfama (ukususa amagama, iifoto, kunye namaziko emfundo kwizicelo), sebenzisa udliwano-ndlebe olucwangcisiweyo ngemibuzo ehambisana nemibuzo, kwaye dibanisa iindawo zodliwano-ndlebe ezahlukeneyo. Ukuvula umsebenzi kwimibutho emininzi kwaye usebenzisa ulwimi oluquka idityaniswe kakhulu.

Ingqondo kunye neNkxaso

  • [[NTL: 0] Iqela leZibonelelo zeEmployee (ERGS):[ Amaqela asebenza ngokuzithandela, amaqela axhobisayo amaqela akhoyo nabonelela ngenkqubela-phambili yezobugcisa yamaqela akhoyo phantsi konikezelo. Ukhokelo kufuneka luxhase ngokukhutheleyo ii-ERG ngoqingqo-mali nangokubonakala.
  • Isakhiwo sogcino-lwazi kunye ne-Sponsorship: iinkqubo zobudoda ezithi abaqeshwa abangaphantsi kwababini baxelelwe phantsi bafumane imvelaphi neenkokeli eziphezulu ezixhasa ukuhambela phambili kwazo.
  • [[UMTHETHO: 0] Phendla imiPhicotho-zincwadi epheleleyo: uhlolo oluthe rhoqo lwembuyekezo nge-freen, uhlanga, kunye nobume bokuchonga nokulungisa ukungalungi okungekho sikweni.
  • [[UMTL: 0] Iilungiselelo Zomsebenzi Onokufumaneka: ukhetho lomsebenzi olukude, iiyure ezibhetyebhetye, kunye nolwabelana ngomsebenzi kungahlalisa abasebenzi ngemisebenzi yokunyamekela abasebenzi, ukukhubazeka, okanye isifo esinganyangekiyo.

Ukufikeleleka Emsebenzini

Ukufumaneka okubonakalayo kuquka ii-ampps, iidresi ezilungelelanisiweyo, izindlu zangasese ezifikelelekayo, kunye nokusayinwa okucacileyo. Ii-website ezigqubuthelayo, i-software yangaphakathi, kunye namaphepha ahambisana ne-Web Confice Firence Guidelines (WCAG). Ukunikezela ngobugcisa bokuncedayo obufana nabafundi bekhusi okanye i-software yokubhala i-ntetho kubalulekile. Ukufunda malunga ne-WCAG

Ukuzinikela kokhokelo kubalulekile. Xa abalawuli bemodeli besenza izinto ezizizo, banikezela ngezinto ezahlukeneyo, bathathe amanyathelo okufaka, kwaye abaphathi baphendule ngezenzo ezizizo, yonke intlangano iyangenelwa.

Ukufumaneka konyango namalungelo aChaphazelekayo

Ukufikelela kwilungelo elifanelekileyo lokunyamekela impilo lilungelo elisisiseko. Noko ke, abantu abaneziphene, abantu abambalwa, amaqela eentlanga namaqela eentlalo, nabo basezindaweni ezisemaphandleni basoloko bejamelene neziphumo ezingafaniyo zempilo ngenxa yemiqobo.

  • [[Ulwimi:0] Ulwimi lweNdebe: Abanikezi bonyango kufuneka banikele iinkonzo zokutolika kunye nezixhobo eziguqulelwe izigulana ezineziphakamiso ezilinganiselweyo zamaNgesi.
  • [[NTLA] Inkathalo ePhakamileyo: Abasebenzi boqeqesho lwamayeza ukuqonda iinkolelo ezahlukahlukeneyo zempilo, iindlela kunye neemfuno, `ezifana nenkxalabo ezikhethekileyo zezigulana ezisebenzisa iplanga elincinane okanye ukwanda kweemeko ezithile phakathi kwamaqela eentlanga.
  • [[UTLL:0] Ulungiso olulungisekayo: Izibhedlele kufuneka zinikezele abatoliki bolwimi lwezandla, izinto zeBraille, iitafile zovavanyo ezifikelelekayo, kunye nemigaqo evumela izilwanyana ezincedayo.
  • I-Pilot eququzelelayo ye-inshorensi: i-Pricies egquma iimeko ezikhoyo ngaphambi kokuba zifike, inkathalo yokuqinisekisa ubufana-bufana, kunye nezixhobo ezincedisayo zibalulekile.

I-Melika enoMthetho wokukhubazeka iye yaba sisixhobo esinamandla sokuphucula ukufumaneka kwempilo eUnited States, kodwa ukuthobela kuhlala kungangqinelani. Amaqumrhu ehlabathi jikelele njengentlangano yempilo akwakhuthaza [[FLT: 0] ukhuseleko lwe-equaty[[FLT: 1] njengeyona iphambili yehlabathi.

Ukudibana kwamanani: Ukuvala umsantsa we - Internet

Xa kuyimfuneko ukufundiswa, ukubhanki, urhulumente, unxibelelwano olukwi-intanethi-intanethi, ubuchule bokusebenzisa amanani buba bubalulekileyo njengokufumaneka ngokoqobo.

Imigangatho yokufikelela kwe-Web

Isikhokelo soFikelelo kuMgaqo weWeb (WCAG) sinikezela ngomgangatho womhlaba wonke wokwenza okuqulethwe ngamanani kufumaneke, kulula, kuqondake, kwaye kuvunywe. Iimfuno ezingundoqo ziquka ezinye iindlela zokubhala kwimifanekiso, inkcazelo yevidiyo, i-keyboard, kunye nomahluko wombala owaneleyo. Iintlangano ezingahoyi umngcipheko wokufumaneka kweweb kwaye zingaphula imithetho efana ne-ADA.

Ukuvala Umahluko Wamanani

Kwanangokuba beyilwe ngokufikelelekayo, abantu abanakungenelwa kwiinkonzo zamanani ukuba abanayo i-intanethi, izixhobo, okanye ukufunda ngamanani. Iinkqubo ezinika intengiso esezantsi, izixhobo ezingabiziyo, uqeqesho, kunye neendawo zokufikelela koluntu (iithala leencwadi, amaziko asekuhlaleni) zibalulekile ukuze kubekho i-equini. Amakhaya kunye nabantu abafumana imali encinane bachaphazelekile ngokungenakulinganiswa; ukuveliswa kwemali ngurhulumente kunye namaqabane asekuhlaleni anokuvala lo msantsa.

Udibano: Izinto ezininzi, Izithinteli Ezininzi

Ukungalingani kunye nemigudu yokulingana kufuneka kuqonde ukuba abantu abakhe bakhetheke ngokulinganayo. Ukudibana kwemeko-ntle, ibinzana eliqanjwe ngumphengululi ongokwasemthethweni uKimberlé Crenshaw, lichaza indlela ezingena ngayo izikhundla zentlalo , njengebhinqa elimnyama, umphambukeli okhubazekileyo, okanye umntu omdala okhulileyo LGBTQ. Umgangatho okhethekileyo wesithintelo. I-Priciation othetha ngomlinganiselo omnye kuphela unokuba lelanisa abo bajongene nentlobo ezininzi zomgangatho ophantsi. Umzekelo, inkqubo yokwahlukahlukana emsebenzini ethetha nje ngesini ngokwesini, isenokungaluboni ucelomngeni oluthile olujongenenolwa namabhinqa anombala okanye aneziphene. Isipili sokwahlukana-mfo-mfono kufuneka ukudiza ulwazi, ukuqulungelana amalizwi ahlukeneyo, nokuyila iintetho ezahlukeneyo, kunye nezicwangciso-dilesi ezidibeneyo.

Iingxaki Nezithintelo Zokuhambela Phambili

Nangona abantu bekuqonda ukubaluleka kokungakhathalelwa nokulingana, imiqobo emininzi iyaqhubekeka:

  • Icalucalulo lomgaqo-siseko: izenzo ezimileyo nezithethe zenkcubeko eziphazamisa amaqela athile, kwanaxa kungekho lucalulo olugqithisileyo.
  • [[UMTL:0] I-Ilinikit Bias: imbono engaqhelekanga engaqondakaliyo echaphazela izigqibo zokuqesha, ukukhupha itoliki, ubupolisa, kunye nolawulo lwempilo.
  • Isigqibo sokutshintsha. Abanye abantu kunye namaqela baqonda ukuba imigudu epheleleyo isisongelo kubume okanye ubuncwane babo, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuphindeni kwenqanawa.
  • [[UMTL:0] Umthombo kunye neeMaphu zobuKhawusheshe: Imibutho encinci kunye noluntu lusenokungabi namali, ubuchule, okanye imicimbi yezobupolitika izakuzalisekisa inyathelo lokufaka inxalenye ebanzi.
  • [[UMTL: 0] nobuthathaka bokulinganisa:[[FT:1] ngaphandle kokuqokelela iinkcukacha, ukuhluza ugcino-lwazi kumanani nakuziphumo, kunzima ukuchonga iingxaki okanye inkqubela-phambili yendlela.

Ukoyisa le miqobo kufuneka amaqhinga aphindiweyo: imfundo yokukhulisa ulwazi, ukuxhasa utshintsho lomgaqo-nkqubo, utyalo-mali kwizisombululo eziseluntwini, kunye nemisebenzi eqhubekayo yokuphendula. Kungumgudu wexesha elide, kodwa inzuzo eyandisiweyo iqokelela iinguqu.

Isiphelo: Amalungelo Abantu Bonke Asisiseko Soluntu Olusesikweni

Ubuchule nokulingana aziyoenjongo ezingekho ngqiqweni; zizinto eziluncedo ezifunekayo kwimibutho kunye nemibutho efuna ukuba nesimilo, ubuchule, nezizinzileyo. Wonke umntu ufanelwe kukuphila ngaphandle kocalulo kwaye abe namathuba afanayo okuthatha inxaxheba kwaye aphumelele. Ngokuqonda isiseko somthetho, ukwamkela imigaqo esekelwe kubungqina kwimfundo nasemsebenzini, ukuxhasa ufikelelo lwamanani nolomzimba, nokusebenzisa isibonakude esihambayo, singasondela kumbono. Ukutshintsha kwabantu ngabanye (/kwimimandla yethu, amaziko ethu, kunye nezenzo zethu zobuqu. Ilungelo labo bonke lithetha ukuba akukho mntu ushiyishiyekileyo. Ngoku lixesha lokusebenza, ukuphulaphula, kunye nokwakha ihlabathi apho wonke umntu enyanisweni.