Table of Contents

Amalungelo okuzala amela isiseko samalungelo abantu, esiquka amandla asisiseko abantu okwenza izigqibo ezizimeleyo ngemizimba yabo, impilo, kunye nekamva labo lokuzala. Entliziyweni la malungelo kufumaneka iinkonzo ezibanzi zokuthintela ukuqhamisa, kuquka ukuthintela inzala ngexesha likaxakeka , isixhobo esinika abantu amandla okuthintela ukungakhulelwa emva kokungakhuseleki kwesondo okanye kokungaphumeleli kokuthintela ukukhawula. Ukufumaneka nokufumaneka kwenkqubo yongxamiseko kuchaphazela ngqo ingqwalaselo yokuqhamisa, iziphumo zempilo, kunye namandla abantu okulawula ixesha kunye neemeko zobuzali.

Ukuqonda Ukusetyenziswa Kwengxaki Yexesha Lentlekele: Isixhobo Esibalulekileyo Sempilo

Ukuthintela ukukhawula okungxamisekileyo luhlobo lolawulo lokukhusela ukukhawula olunokusetyenziswa iintsuku eziliqela emva kokungakhuseleki kwesondo okanye ukungaphumeleli kokuthintela ukukhawula yaye nangoku kusoloko kubhekiselwa ekuthini yi-"pilisi yasemva kwemini," ukuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko kunika abantu ithuba elinoxanduva lokwenza ukukhulelwa kwiimeko apho iindlela zokuthintela ukukhawula zingenakusetyenziswa rhoqo, zingaphumelelanga, okanye kwiimeko zokuhlaselwa ngokwesini.

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba iipilisi zokuthintela ukukhawula ezingxamisekileyo azikwenzi kuqhomfa, njengoko zithintela ukukhulelwa ngokukhawula okanye ngokunqanda ukukhutshwa kwamaqanda okuphuma emaqanda yaye aziyi kusebenza xa ukukhulelwa kusunguliwe. Lo mahluko ubalulekile ekucombululeni iingcamango eziphosakeleyo nasekunciphiseni ihlazo ekusetyenzisweni kokuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko. Eli nyathelo ligxininisa ekuthinteleni ukuqhamisa ukuba kwenzeke kwindawo yokuqala, kunokuba libulale ukukhulelwa okukhoyo.

Indlela Okusebenza Ngayo Ukusebenzisa Ingxaki

Iipilisi zokuthintela ukukhawula ezingxamisekileyo zisebenza ngokuyintloko ngomatshini omnye: ukuthintela okanye ukulibazisa ukukhutshwa kwamaqanda avuthiweyo. Xa ukukhutshwa kwamaqanda kubambene, imbewu yendoda esenokuba ikhona kwithamsanqa lokuzala ayinakulivundisa iqanda kuba akukho qanda likhutshwayo. Le ndlela yokuthintela inzala yenza ukuba ukuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko kwahluke ngokusisiseko kumayeza okuqhomfa, asebenza emva kokuba kumiselwe ukukhulelwa.

Ukusebenza kokuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwixesha. Kungoko uthabatha ukuthintela ukukhawulela kongxamiseko kunempembelelo enkulu kwindlela okusebenza ngayo, ngohlolisiso olubonisa ukuba zombini iintlobo zisebenza kakuhle xa zithatyathwa kwisithuba seeyure ezingama-24 zobufanasini obungakhuselekanga. Oku kuqonda kubonakalisa ukubaluleka kokuqinisekisa ukuba ufikelelo olukhawulezileyo, olukhululekileyo kwezi ndlela.

Iindidi zokusetyenziswa kwengxaki engxamisekileyo

Zininzi iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko, nganye inemigangatho eyahlukeneyo yokusebenza, ukufumaneka, nexesha elifanelekileyo lokusetyenziswa. Ukuqonda ezi zinto kunceda abantu ukuba benze izigqibo ezisekelwe kwiimeko zabo, ubunzima bomzimba, ixesha kunye nokufumana iinkonzo zonyango.

Iipili ezisekelwe kwisiseko se Levonsorgestrel (Plan B kunye nohlobo oluthile lobungangamsha)

Uyilo B yayiluhlobo lokuqala oluselwayo lokuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko oluye lwenziwa lufumaneke eUnited States njengethamo elidityanisiweyo leepilisi eziqulathe iprogestin levonorgesterrel, kunye nezinye iindlela eziqhelekileyo ngoku zikhona, ukwenza iipilisi zokuthintela ukuthintela inzala ezisekelwe kungxamiseko zibe yeyona ndlela isetyenziswa kakhulu. Ezi ipilisi zithengiselwa phantsi kwegama lebhethri leCebo-Step B One negama eliqhelekileyo kwaye zikhona ngaphezu komniki-mali, ngaphandle komyalelo.

Levonorgestrel ukuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko kusebenza kakhulu xa kuthatyathwa kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama-72 (ientsuku ezintathu) zokwabelana ngesondo. Uphando lubonisa ukuba inokuba luncedo malunga ne- 94% ukuba ithatyathwe kwiiyure 24 zokuqala namalunga nama- 58% asebenzayo kwiyure ezingama-72. Noko ke, ukuphumelela kunokuncitshiswa kubantu abanobunzima obuphezulu bomzimba okanye i-BMI, nto leyo engundoqo xa kukhethwa inkqubo yokunqanda ukunqanda kongxamiseko.

Ukufumaneka okugqithiseleyo kokuthintela inzala yengozi yelevonorgestre kumela inkqubela ephawulekayo ekufumaneni unyango lokuqhamisa. Oku kufumaneka kuvumela abantu ukuba bafumane ukuthintela inzala ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kokulibaziseka okunxulumene nokucwangcisa unyango okanye ukufumana amayeza, abalulekileyo anikwa ixesha elinobungozi lala mayeza.

Name

I-Ulipristatete (ella) iphakathi kweendlela zongxamiseko zokuthintela ukukhawulela ezikhoyo, kunye nezixhobo ze-intrauterine kunye ne-progestin ye-pilisi. I-Ulipristal acetatete inika uncedo oluninzi ngaphezu kwe-levonorgestrel ekunokukhethwa kuko. Ukhetho lwe-ulipristal acetate lungathathwa malunga neeyure ezili-20 (ientsuku ezintlanu) emva kwesondo. Le festile eyandisiweyo inika umvanomva wokongezelelweyo kubantu abangenakukwazi ukufikelela kwiziphumo ezingxamisekileyo ngokukhawuleza.

Uphando lubonisa ukuba i-ulipristal isebenza kakhulu kune-levonorgestrel eselwayo kuphela. Ngaphezu koko, iipilisi zokuthintela inzala yongxamiseko ezine-aceristal actitate esebenzayo phakathi kweeyure ezingama-77-820 emva kwesondo ezingakhuselekanga kunezinye iipilisi zokuthintela ukukhawula. Oku kwenza ukuba i-ulipristal actatetetentine ixabiseke kakhulu kubantu abangaphaya kwefestile elungeleleneyo ye-levonorgel okanye abaneesile yomzimba ephezulu, njengokuba amandla ayo engachatshazelwanga kakhulu yi-BMI.

Ngoxa i - ulipristate ifuna unyango kwiindawo ezininzi, amanye amazwe aye asebenzisa iinkqubo ezivumela abacebisi bekhemisti ukuba balufumane ngokuthe ngqo, nto leyo ephucula amathuba ngaphandle kokuba kufuneke utyelelo olukhethekileyo lonyango.

Icebo lethutyana (IUD)

I-IUD yobhedu yeyona ndlela isebenzayo ekuthinteleni ukukhawula kongxamiseko, ngokuhlola okungama-42 okubonisa ukuba umlinganiselo wokukhulelwa emva kokufakelwa kwe-IUD yobhedu yezothintelo longxamiseko ungaphantsi kwe-0.1%, okubonisa ukuba ithintela phantse bonke abantu abakhulelweyo. Oku kwenza ubhedu lwe-IUD lube yigolide esebenzayo ekuthinteleni ukhawulo olungxamisekileyo.

I-IUD yobhedu kufuneka ifakwe ngumxhasi wezonyango kwientsuku ezintlanu zobundlobongela obungakhuselekanga. Ngelixesha le mfuneko idala umqobo wokungena xa kuthelekiswa neepilisi ezinokufunyanwa ngaphezu kombali, i-IUD yobhedu inika inzuzo eyongezelelekileyo: i-IUD yobhedu inenzuzo eyongezelelekileyo yokunikezela ubuncinane iminyaka eli-12 yokuthintela okusebenzayo ukuba ishiywe emva kokufumana iziphumo zongxamiseko.

Lo msebenzi ubini wenza ukuba i-IUD yobhedu ibe lukhetho oluhle kubantu abafuna ukuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko kunye nokuthintela ukukhulelwa ixesha elide. Esi sixhobo sisebenza ngokuthintela ukudibana kwembewu yembewu ngokuchaphazela iinguqu zemichiza ezichaphazela amadlozi namaqanda, kwaye iqalisa ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza xa kufakwa.

Levonsorgestrel IUD

Uphando lwakutshanje luye lwandisa iindlela zokuthintela imithambo yengozi eziquka ii-IUD zamadlala. Kutshanje iLevonorgester IUD iqaliswe njengendlela yokuthintela umhlaza, kwaye uphando lufumanise ukuba i-LNG 52 mg IUD isebenza njenge-IUD yobhedu xa ifakwe kwiintsuku ezintlanu emva kokungakhuseleki kwesondo okanye ukungathinteli. Oku kunika abantu abasenokukhetha i-IUD ye-homoni okanye i-IUD yobhedu.

NjengeIUD yobhedu, ilevonorgestrel IUD ifuna ukufakelwa ngumgcini-zonyango kodwa isebenza njengezinto zokuthintela ukukhawula iminyaka esixhenxe, inika ukuthintelwa kwangoko nokucwangciswa kwentsapho kangangexesha elide.

Imeko yangoku yokufumaneka kwengxaki yongxamiseko eUnited States

Ukukwazi ukuthintela inzala ngexesha likaxakeka eUnited States kuye kwavela ngendlela ephawulekayo kule minyaka ingamashumi amabini idluleyo, yaye kukho utshintsho nocelomngeni oluqhubekayo oluchaphazela indlela abantu abasebenzisa ngayo inzala.

Ukusetyenziswa nokwaziwa okukhulayo

Ukusetyenziswa kweipilisi zokuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko kuye kwanda kwiminyaka engama-20 edluleyo, enamabhinqa angama-33% aneminyaka eli-15 ukuya kwengama-49 ubudala awakha aba neentlobano zesini nendoda ekwakhe kwathi kwakanye kwangoko kubomi bayo, ulwando olusuka kuma- 22% ngo-2017. Olu lwandiso lubonisa ukuphaphama okukhula, ukufikelela kolwazi oluphuculiweyo, kunye nokuncitshiswa kweentloni ezinxulumene nokusetyenziswa konqanda ukuthintela kongxamiseko.

Ukutshintshela kwilizwe elizimeleyo kuye kwachaphazela indlela abantu abafumana ngayo ukuthintelwa kongxamiseko. Ama-66-7 ekhulwini amabhinqa awayesebenzisa iipilisi zokuthintela inzala ngo-2008 awafumana kwiziko lempilo okanye ikliniki yongxamiseko, kodwa ngo-2015, angama-40% kuphela awafumana ngale ndlela, abonisa ifuthe lotshintsho lokufumana ukhuseleko olungaphaya kobuphindo. Olu tshintsho luye lwenza ukuba ukuthintela kongxamiseko kube lula ngakumbi kwaye kube lula ngasese, nto leyo eyabangela ukuba abantu bafumane ngokukhawuleza kwi-pharmackie ngaphandle kokufumana izigula.

Uguqu-guquko lomgaqo-nkqubo wenqanam lombuso

Amaphondo angama-32 kunye neSithili saseColumbia sinemigaqo-nkqubo ekhusela okanye ethintela ukuthintelwa komhla kaxakeka. Le nkqubo yenza umsebenzi odityanisiweyo wokufikelela kulo lonke ilizwe, onomahluko ophawulekayo ekufumaneni, iindleko, kunye nokulula kokufumana ukuthintela umhlazo kongxamiseko kuxhomekeke kwindawo yelizwe.

Amanye amazwe aye asebenzisa iinkqubo ezihambela phambili ukuze andise ukufikelela. Amaphondo angama-22 kunye ne-DC afuna amasebe ongxamiseko esibhedlele kunye namanye amaziko empilo okunika ulwazi malunga nokuthintelwa kongxamiseko kwabasindi besifo sesondo, lo gama amaphondo ali-17 kunye ne-DC efuna amasebe ongxamiseko kunye nezinye izibonelelo zempilo zokunceda abasebenzi bezothintelo longxamiseko xa becela ukuthintelwa ngokwesini. Le migaqo ibonakalisa ukubaluleka kokuthintela okungxamisekileyo kwabo baxhwalekileyo.

Ukongezelela, amaphondo ali-15 avumela osokhemisi ukuba banikezele ukuthintelwa komjelo wongxamiseko ngaphandle konyango. Lo gqirha unika igunya ukunceda ibhulorho ephakathi kwe-levonorgestrel kunye nemveliso yonyango ye-awuristal kuphela, uphucula ukufikelela kwelona cebo elisebenzayo ngaphandle kokufuna umncedi ohlukeneyo wempilo.

Noko ke, imiqobo isekho kwamanye amazwe. Amatyala ali-14 ayala amacandelo avumela ababoneleli bezonyango, amaziko okanye abangeni-mali ukuba bangavumi ukukhupha okanye ukugquma izinto zokuthintela inzala yongxamiseko. La macandelo esazela anokubangela imiqobo ebalulekileyo kubantu abafuna ukuthintela ukhawulo olungxamisekileyo, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezinezibonelelo ezincinane zempilo.

Imali ehlawulelwayo ye-inshorensi kunye nexabiso

Isivumelwano sokuthintela inzala esinokufumaneka sigunyazisa ukuthintela ukukhawula sineziphelo ezintsonkothileyo ekufikeleleni kothintelo lwengozi. UMthetho we-Affordcure Care ufuna ucwangciso lwabucala lwe-inshorensi yempilo ukubonelela kungabikho tyala eliyimali/ukuhlawulwa kwemali, ukuhlawulwa kwemali, okanye ukukhutshwa okungabhacekiyo kwenkonzo zokuthintela, kuquka uludwe olupheleleyo lolawulo lolawulo lozaliso neziyobisi oluvunyiweyo, kuquka nokunika ingcebiso elinongxamiseko.

Noko ke, le ngxelo iquka ibharati ebalulekileyo: isebenza kuphela ekuthinteleni ukuthintela unyango olungxamisekileyo. Ngelixesha oku kuphelisa imiqobo yexabiso labantu abanokufumana unyango lwe-ulipristal acetate okanye i-levonorgestrel, yenza umthwalo osenokuba ngumthwalo othelekelelwayo ongokwemali kwabo bathenge ii-pilisi zokuthintela ukukhawula okukhawulezileyo. Ixabiso le-pilisi yongxamiseko lingasuka kuma-R10 ukuya kuma-50 okanye ngaphezulu, nto leyo enokuthi ithintele abanye abantu, ingakumbi abantu abaselula nabo banemali elinganiselwe.

Ingqikelelo lwehlabathi kufikelelo lwexesha leMbali

Ukufikelela ekuthinteleni inzala ngengozi kuyahluka ngendlela ephawulekayo kumazwe nakumazwe awahlukahlukeneyo, kubonakalisa imigaqo eyahlukahlukeneyo engokwasemthethweni, isimo sengqondo senkcubeko neenkqubo zonyango.

Imilinganiselo yokufumaneka kwehlabathi

Iipilisi zeLevonsorgestrel zilawula intengiso, ezifumaneka kumazwe angama-91%, ngeli xesha iipilisi ze-ipletristate zidityaniswe kumazwe afumana imali eninzi, anokufumaneka kuphela kumazwe angama-48%. Oku kwahlukahlukana kubalaselisa ukungalingani okubalaseleyo kwehlabathi lonke ekufumaneni iindlela ezisebenzayo zokunqanda ukunqanda ukukhawula iipilisi.

Uxinano lwe-ulipristatetete kumazwe atyebileyo luthetha ukuba abantu kumazwe aphantsi naphakathi abafikayo basoloko befumana kuphela kukhetho olungasebenzi kakhulu okanye kufuneka baxhomekeke kwiindlela ezindala. Oku kudala inkqubo edityanisiweyo apho ukufikelela kwimiqathango yongxamiseko kumiselwa ngejografi nemeko yezoqoqosho kunokuba kufuneke unyango.

Iimfuno zoLawulo kunye nokuLawulwa

Amazwe ahlukene kakhulu kwindlela asebenzisa ngayo umgaqo wokonzakalisa ukuthintela ukukhawulela kongxamiseko. Amanye amazwe avumela ukufikelela ngaphaya kwe-odoli kwimveliso zombini zelevonorgesterrel kunye ne-ulipristal actatel, ngelixesha amanye agcina iimfuno zomthetho okanye abeke imiqathango yobudala. Le miqobo yomthetho isenokukulibazisa kakhulu ukuthintela okungxamisekileyo, nto leyo enokuthi inciphise ukuphumelela kwayo okunikwa ixesha elinoxakeka lamayeza.

Kwamanye amazwe, ukuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko kuhlala kungekho ngokupheleleyo okanye kuvaliwe ngokupheleleyo, kushiya abantu bengenalo ilungelo elisemthethweni lokuthintela ukukhulelwa emva kokuba benesondo elingakhuselekanga. Le miqathango ibonisa ukuphulwa kwamalungelo okuzala nokuzilawula.

Izithintelo Kukufumaneka kwengxaki

Nangona kukho inkqubela ekufumanekeni kwendlela yokuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko, imiqobo emininzi iyaqhubeka inciphisa amathuba okufumana abantu abaninzi, ingakumbi abo bakwiimeko eziyingozi okanye abaphantsi kwabantu.

Ucelomngeni Lokufumana Imimandla Yasemaphandleni

Amabhinqa angaphezu kwezigidi ezili-19 asebudaleni bokuzala ahlala e-US afuna ukuthintelwa kokuthintela inzala ngokusemthethweni kwaye ahlala kwintlango zokuthintela inzala, nto leyo ethetha ukuba akakwazi ukufikelela kwingingqi yengingqi yabo kwisebe lezempilo elinika umlinganiselo opheleleyo weendlela zokuthintela ukukhawula. Ezi ntlango zokuthintela inzala zichaphazela abantu basemaphandleni yaye zidala imiqobo emikhulu ekufumaneni zonke iintlobo zokuzikhusela ekuzaleni, kuquka nokuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseka.

Malunga ne-1,2 yezigidi zala mabhinqa ahlala kwingingqi engenaziko linye lempilo elinika uludwe olupheleleyo lweendlela. Kula mimandla, kufumana iindlela zokuthintela ungxamiseko , ngokukodwa iindlela ze-IUD ezifuna ukufakelwa okuxhasayo oku---ziya kufuna uhambo olude lokuhamba imigama, ukuthatha ixesha lokusebenza, nokucwangcisa abantwana okanye ukuphatha. Le miqobo inokwenza kube nzima ukufumana ukuthintela kongxamiseko kwifestile yexesha elinzima ukuze iphumelele.

Kwanaxa iipilisi zokuthintela ukukhawulela okungxamisekileyo zifumaneka ngaphezu kwemali efumaneka kwiindawo ezithengisa ikhemikhali, iindawo ezisemaphandleni zisenokuba nekhemikhali elinganiselweyo yokukhetha ikhemikhali, imigama emide, okanye iikhemikhali ezisebenzisa iiyure ezimbalwa. Ezi zinto zingenza ukuba kube lula ukuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko okanye zithintele ukufikelela ngokupheleleyo.

Imiqobo Yezoqoqosho Neenshorensi

Indleko ihlala ingumqobo obalulekileyo ekufumaneni kokuthintela ukukhawulela okungxamisekileyo kubantu abaninzi. Ngexa imveliso engaphezulu-kummandla ilevovorgestel ithengekile ngakumbi ngeenketho ezikhoyo, imela umthwalo wemali kubantu abanobuncwane obulinganiselweyo. Indlela esebenzayo yokunqanda ukuthintela i-acetatel ibiza kakhulu, kwaye ukuyifumana ngetyala le-inshorensi kufuna umthetho, onokuthi ubandakanya iindleko ezongezelelekileyo zotyelelo lwempilo.

Ukungangeni kwe-inshorensi kubangela ukuba kube nzima. Ukungangeni konqulo kwigunya lokuthintela ukukhawula kuthetha ukuba abantu abaqeshwe yimibutho ethile basenokungakhuseli ukuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko. Ngaphezu koko, abantu abangakhange bafumane intengo yengozi okanye abangenayo imali ephantsi kwemali bajongene nexabiso elipheleleyo lexabiso lokuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko ngaphandle kwebhekile.

Imiqathango Esemthethweni Nokwala UClaus

Imiqobo esemthethweni yokuthintela ukukhawulela inzala ngongxamiseko ithatha iindlela ezahlukeneyo ngaphaya kwemithetho eyahlukeneyo. Amanye amaphondo agcina imiqathango yobudala ekufumaneni imvume engaphaya komthetho, efuna abantu abaselula ukufumana unyango okanye imvume yabazali. Ezi mfuneko zinokubangela ukulibazisa okucacileyo nokuxhalabisa imfihlo, ingakumbi kwabakwishumi elivisayo abasenokungakwazi okanye abangafuni ukubandakanya abazali kwizigqibo zabo zonyango lokuzala.

Amanyathelo aqukunjelwa isazela kunye namalungiselelo okungavumi ukusetyenziswa kwezonyango, oogqirha namaziko okula ukubonelela okanye ukukhupha ukuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko okusekelwe kwiinkolelo zobuqu okanye zonqulo. Nangona la malungiselelo enzelwe ukukhusela amalungelo esazela esixhasayo, anokwenza imiqobo enzulu kubaguli, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezingenayo imilinganiselo elinganiselweyo yempilo. Umntu odibana nogqirha ongafuniyo ukunyanga ikhemisi asenokuba akanayo enye ikhemisi ekufuphi, ekwazi ukuwanqanda ukufikelela kwimijelo yongxamiseko.

Inkcubeko neMidlalo

Ukuhlazeka kwesondo, ukuthintela ukukhawula nokuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko kusenokubangela imiqobo yokufikelela. Abantu basenokuziva beneentloni okanye beziva beneentloni xa bethenga imithambo ethintelayo yongxamiseko, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezincinane apho kungenabantu bafanele bafumane indawo yokuhlala.

Ukungachananga okuphathelele ukuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko kunegalelo ekufikeleleni imiqobo. Iintsomi ezisoloko zikho zokuthintela ukukhawula okungxamisekileyo zibangela ukuqhomfa, ziyingozi ekuqhameni kwixesha elizayo, okanye ziyingozi ekubangeleni uloyiko nokuthandabuza. Ezi mbono zidla ngokukhuthazwa ngabachasi bamalungelo okuzala kwaye zinokuphembelela ukwenza izigqibo kunye nenkqubela-nkqubo yabantu ngabanye.

Imiqobo Yolwazi Neempazamo Zemfundo

Ukungaphapheleni kokuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko kungumqobo omnye obalulekileyo. Abantu abaninzi abazi ukuba kukho ukuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko, indlela okusebenza ngayo, indawo yokuyifumana, okanye ixesha lokusebenza kwayo. Imfundo yesini ebandakanya ukuthintela inzala yongxamiseko ayifumaneki zwenibanzi, ishiya abantu abaninzi bengenalwazi lubalulekileyo malunga nonyango lwabo lokuzala.

Abanyamekela impilo basenokungabi nalwazi olwaneleyo malunga nokuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko, kuquka iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ezikhoyo, impumelelo yabo enxulumeneyo, kunye nemigaqo esetyenziswayo. Oku kunokuphumela ekuphoseni amathuba okufundisa izigulana ngeengxaki zokuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko okanye ukuzinika xa kuyimfuneko.

Utyando lwengozi kubemi abakhethekileyo

Abakwishumi Elivisayo Nabaselula

Ngo-2015, ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kwamabhinqa anamava aneminyaka engama-20-29 ubudala kunye nalawo angakhange azalwe, ane-35-36% enikela ingxelo yokuba akha asebenzisa iipilisi zokuthintela inzala yongxamiseko. Abantu abaselula babonisa umlinganiselo omkhulu wabasebenzisi bongxamiseko bokuthintela ukukhawula, kodwa basoloko bejamelene nemiqobo ekhethekileyo.

Ulutsha lusenokuswela ulwazi malunga nokuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko, ukungakwazi ukufikelela kwiimeko zemali, ubunzima bokulawulwa kwezonyango, kunye nokukhathazeka ngokubandakanyeka kwimicimbi yempilo eyimfihlo kunye nokuzilawula kwabazali. Imiqathango yobudala yokufikelela, apho lukhoyo, ngokungenakuthelekiswa nanto, ichaphazela aba bantu. Ingathi abantu abaselula bayakwazi ukufumana inkcazelo echanileyo kunye nokufumana ukhuseleko olungenangxaki lokuthintela ukukhawula okungxamisekileyo ibalulekile ukuze bakhusele impilo yabo yokuzala kunye nenkululeko yokuzilawula.

Abasindi

Ukufumana ukuthintela ukuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko kubaluleke kakhulu kwabasindileyo ekuhlaseleni ngokwesini. Ukuthintelwa kokukhulelwa kuyinxalenye engundoqo yonyango olubanzi lwasemva kokuthintelwa kwemithambo yexesha likaxakeka kunceda abasindi ukuba bafumane ulawulo kwakhona kwimizimba yabo nakwikamva lokuzala emva kokufumana amava abuhlungu.

Amaphondo amaninzi aye ayiqonda imfuneko yokufuna izibhedlele ukuba zinikele inkcazelo ephathelele nokukwazi ukuthintela ukuthintelwa kongxamiseko kwabo basindayo ekuhlaselweni ngokwesini. Noko ke, ukungeva nokusetyenziswa kwemiqathango nokungavumi kocwangciso kusenokudala imiqobo. Ezinye izibhedlele ezidibeneyo ezingonqulo ziyala ukunikela ukuthintela inzala yongxamiseko kwanakwabo baxhwalekileyo ngokwesini, zibanyanze ukuba bafune inkathalo kwenye indawo ngexesha elisele lihlasimlis ’ umzimba.

Abantu Abanobunzima Obuphezulu Bomzimba

Uphando lubonise ukuba ukusebenza kwelevonorgesters yexesha likaxakeka kungancitshiswa kubantu abanobunzima obuphezulu bomzimba okanye iBMI. Oku kudala inkxalabo elungeleleneyo, njengokuba aba bantu bengenakufumana umlinganiselo ofanayo wokuthintelwa kokukhulelwa njengalowo onebunzima bomzimba obusezantsi xa usebenzisa eyona nto ifikelelekayo kulowo ufumana ikheti.

I-ulipristate ayichatshazelwa kakhulu bubunzima bomzimba kwaye ihlala isebenza kubantu abangaphaya koluhlu olubanzi lwe-BMI. I-IUD yobhedu iyasebenza ngokulinganayo nangabuphi ubunzima bomzimba. Ibonisa ukuba abantu abanobunzima obuphezulu bomzimba bayakwazi ukufikelela kwezi ndlela zisebenzayo zifunekayo ukuze kufikelelwe ekuthinteleni okukhawulezileyo.

Indima yabanikeli bonyango kwiNdlela yokufumana iMpahla yeNkcubeko

Abasebenzi bezonyango banendima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko ngemfundo, ngelungiselelo nangendlela yokusebenza.

Imfundo Yomguli Nokululeka

Abaniki-mali kufuneka bafundise izigulana ngokuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko njengenxalenye yokucebisa ngempilo ebanzi. Oku kuquka ukuchaza ukuba kuyintoni ukuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko, indlela esebenza ngayo, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo, iifestile zexesha ukuze zisebenze, nendawo yokuyifumana. Ukunika olu lwazi ngaphambi kokuba kufuneke kuqinisekiswe ukuba izigulana ziyazazi izinto ezinokukhethwa kuzo kwaye zingenza ngokukhawuleza ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuthintela kongxamiseko.

Ilungiselelo eliphambili lokuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko .ukunika izigulana iipilisi zokuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko ukuba zihlale zikho ngaphambi kokuba zifune zona, liye lahlolwa njengendlela yokuphucula ukufumaneka kwazo. Ngoxa uphando lubonisa ukuba ilungiselelo langaphambili linyusa ukusetyenziswa kokuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko, ubungqina obunxulumene nempembelelo yalo kumanani okukhawula. Nangona kunjalo, ilungiselelo langaphambili likhupha imiqobo kwaye liqinisekisa ukuba abantu banothintelo olungxamisekileyo xa ixesha likho.

Ukubonelela ngeenkonzo zokufumana ingqwalaselo engxamisekileyo

Abanikezeli bonyango kufuneka balungiselelwe ukunikezela okanye ukugunyazisa ukuthintelwa kongxamiseko xa izigulana zikufuna. Oku kuquka ukulondoloza ulwazi malunga nokhetho lothintelo olukhoyo longxamiseko, imigaqo, kunye nezenzo ezingcono. Abanikezi abanik ’ i-IUD ufako kufuneka baqeqeshwe baze baxhotyiswe ukunikezela ngobhedu okanye i-levonorgel IUD ukwenzela ukuthintela uthintelo olungxamisekileyo, njengoko ezi zinto zimele ezona ndlela zisebenzayo.

Kubalulekile ukunciphisa imiqobo kwimimiselo yonyango lonyango lonyango. Ukumisa imiqobo okufanayo, ukufumaneka kohambo, iiyure ezongeziweyo, kunye neenkqubo ezisetyenziswayo kungenza bonke baphucule ukufikelela. Abanikeli kufuneka bayazi kwaye banike idilesi yemiqobo enokwenzeka, bancede abaguli bafumane i-inshorensi yokuqhuba okanye babanxulumanise ngeenkqubo ezinika ukuthintela okukhululekileyo nokuphantsi koxakeka.

Indima ze-farmachist ekufumaneni

Iingcali zonyango lwamachiza ziya ziqashelwa ngokukhula njengeendawo ezibalulekileyo zokufikelela kwizinto zokuthintela ukhawulo-mali. Ngaphandle kokusasaza ngaphezu kwemveliso ye-levonorgester, amayeza ekhemisti kumazwe amaninzi ngoku anokugunyazisa i-ulipristal acetated ngemiyalelo emileyo okanye ngezivumelwano ezisebenzisanayo. Lo gqirha onika igunya igunya uphucula ngokuphawulekayo ukufikelela ngokuphelisa imfuneko yokutyelela abagcini-zonyango abahlukeneyo.

Oogqirha kufuneka babe nolwazi malunga nokhetho lokuthintela ukukhawula olungxamisekileyo, bakwazi ukucebisa izigulana ngokukhetha nokusebenzisa izinto ezifanelekileyo, kwaye balungiselele ukuphendula imibuzo neengxaki. Ukudala imekobume yokwamkelana, engagwebi ngokomthetho kwikhemisi kunokukunceda unciphise ihlazo kwaye ukhuthaze abantu ukuba bafune ukuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko xa kuyimfuneko.

Ukukhuselwa komthetho noHlaziyo loNyaka

Ukufumana imvume elinganayo yokuthintela ukuthintela inzala kongxamiseko kufuna ukuba ulungelelwano oluqhubekayo notshintsho lwenkqubo kumgangatho wasekuhlaleni, welizwe, wesizwe nowezizwe ngezizwe.

Isandisa ukufikelela ngaphaya kwebala

Abameli bayaqhubeka benyanzela ukufikelela kwi-ulipristal acetate, enokuthi isuse iimfuno zonyango lonyango kunye nokuphucula ukufikelela kolu khetho lunempumelelo. Ukwenza ukuba i-lipristal acetate ekhoyo ngaphezulu kwelizwe izakudibanisa ukufumaneka kwayo ngemveliso yelevonorgective ngeli lixa inika abantu ukhetho olunempumelelo, ingakumbi kwezo zingaphaya kweeyure ezingama-77 kwisondo ezingakhuselekanga okanye ngobunzima bomzimba obuphezulu.

Ukuphelisa Imiqobo Yexabiso

Utshintsho lwenkqubo yokuphelisa imiqobo yexabiso kuquka ukukhutshwa kwemali ye-inshorensi ebandakanya ukuthintela ukukhawula okungaphaya kwengozi, ukwenza iinkqubo zokubonelela ngesisa kwabo bangakwaziyo ukuthintela ukhawulo olungxamisekileyo, kunye nokunciphisa ixabiso lemveliso yokuthintela inzala yongxamiseko. Abanye abameli baye babiza ukuthintela ukuthintelwa kongxamiseko ukuba kunikelwe ngesisa njengomlinganiselo wempilo kawonke-wonke, ofana nezinye iinkonzo zonyango.

Ukukhusela amalungelo okufikelela

Imigudu yokukhusela nokunyusa amalungelo asemthethweni ekufumaneni ukuthintela inzala ngexesha likaxakeka. Oku kuquka ukulwa kwala amabinzana avumela abanikezeli ukuba bangavumi ukuthintela inzala yongxamiseko, ukuphelisa imiqathango yobudala yokufikelela, nokuqinisekisa ukuba zonke izibhedlele (kuquka amaziko anxulumene nonqulo) anika abasindi bempatho yempatho-mbimbi yesondo uthintelo longxamiseko.

Kumgangatho karhulumente, abameli basebenza ukukhusela isigunyaziso sokuthintela ukukhawula nokuchasa imigudu yokungakhuthazi ukuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko kwintlawulo efunekayo. Umgangatho wesizwe ugxininisa ekumiseni imithetho ekhusela ngokucacileyo ukufumaneka kokuthintela inzala yongxamiseko nokunwenwa ngoncedo lwekhemisti, iinkqubo zokufikelela ezikoleni, nezinye iinkqubo.

Ukuthetha Neentlango Ezifunxa Ukutya

Ukulungisa imiqobo yokufikelela kwindawo ethile kufuna utyalo-mali lwezibonelelo zonyango lwenzala, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni nezingasetyenziswayo. Oku kuquka iikliniki ezixhasayo ezinika iinkonzo zempilo zokuzala ezibanzi, iindlela ezikhuthaziweyo zokuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko, nokuqinisekisa ukuba oomatshini abasebenza kuzo zonke iindawo banokuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko.

Iinkonzo zezonyango ezihambayo, abasebenzi bezonyango, kunye nabantu abavelisa iindlela zokuhambisa izinto ezitsha banokunceda abantu abakwintlango yokuthintela ukukhawula.

Imfundo namaphulo okulumkisa uluntu

Imfundo kawonke wonke engothintelo - mvo yongxamiseko ibalulekile ukuze kuqinisekwe ukuba abantu bayazi indlela abanokuyisebenzisa yaye banokuzenzela izigqibo ngolwazi ngempilo yabo yokuzala.

Imfundo Yesini Ebangela Umvuzo

Kuquka inkcazelo echanileyo, elungele ubudala malunga nokuthintela ukukhawulela okungxamisekileyo kwimfundo yesikolo yesondo iqinisekisa ukuba abantu abaselula bafunda ngale ndlela ngaphambi kokuba bayifune. Imfundo yesini ebandakanya oko kukuthintela kongxamiseko, indlela esebenza ngayo, xa kusetyenziswa, apho bangayifumana khona, kunye neembono eziphosakeleyo eziqhelekileyo.

Ngelishwa, iinkqubo ezininzi zokufundisa ngesini aziquki inkcazelo ephathelele ukuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko, okanye zinikela inkcazelo engachananga ephenjelelwa kukuchaswa kweengcamango zokuthintela ukukhawula.

Iphulo Lempilo Kawonke - wonke

Amaphulo onyango lukawonke wonke anokuphaphamisa ukuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko phakathi kwabantu abangakumbi. La maphulo amele agxininise ukuba ukuthintela ukukhawula okungxamisekileyo kukhuselekile, akuncedisi, kwaye akumele kubangele ukuqhomfa. Kufuneka kunikelwe inkcazelo ecacileyo ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko, indlela yokuyisebenzisa, nokubaluleka kokuyisebenzisa ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka emva kokuba ulwelo lungakhuselekanga.

Amaphulo ajoliswe kubemi abathile .Njengokuba abafundi basekholejini, abahlaseli, okanye abantu abakwintlango yokuthintela ukukhawula, bangathetha ngeemfuno nemiqobo ekhethekileyo. Ukuthumela imiyalezo ngokwenkcubeko kunye noovimba beelwimi ezingafaniyo kuqinisekisa ukuba inkcazelo ifikelele kwiindawo ezahlukahlukeneyo.

Ukulwa Nenkcazelo Ephosakeleyo

Ukuthetha iingxelo eziphosakeleyo ngokuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko kuyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yemigudu yemfundo. Ukucacisa, unxibelelwano olusekelwe kubungqina ngendlela uthintelo olusebenza ngayo ngexesha likaxakeka, indlela olukhuseleke ngayo, nomahluko okhoyo ekuqhomfeni kubalulekile ukuze kupheliswe iintsomi nokuncitshiswa kwehlazo.

Abanyamekela impilo, abafundisi - ntsapho nabaxhasi bonke benza indima ekulweni nenkcazelo ephosakeleyo nokulungisa amarhe achanileyo xa bedibana nabo. Imithombo yezonxibelelwano nemigangatho yeIntanethi inikela ucelomngeni namathuba angakumbi kulo mgudu, njengoko benokusasaza inkcazelo ephosakeleyo ngokukhawuleza kodwa kwakhona besebenza njengemijelo yokufikelela abantu abaninzi ngenkcazelo echanileyo.

Ukudibana kokufumana iMpazamo kunye nokufumana iJaji yeNkcubeko

Ukukwazi ukuthintela ukukhawula okungxamisekileyo kungumbandela wokuzala, kubandakanya imibandela engakumbi ephathelele ukuzilawula komzimba, ukunyanyekelwa kwempilo nokusesikweni kwentlalo.

Uzenzakaliso oluzenzekelayo kunye nokwenza isigqibo

Ukukwazi ukuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko kubalulekile ukuze umntu afumane inkululeko yokuzilawula ngokuzala, lilungelo lokwenza izigqibo ngomzimba wakhe nangendlela yokuzala ngaphandle kokunyanzelwa, ucalucalulo okanye imiqobo. Xa abantu bengakwazi ukuthintela ukuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko, amandla abo okulawula enoba ukukhulelwa kuyahlatywa okanye kuphi, kunciphisa amalungelo abo asisiseko.

Ulawulo oluzimeleyo luquka kungekuphela nje ilungelo lokuthintela ukukhulelwa kodwa kwanelungelo lokuba nabantwana kunye nomzali kwimeko ekhuselekileyo nexhasayo. Ukukwazi ukuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko kuxhasa amandla okuceba nokumitha exesheni ngokweemeko, usukelo neminqweno.

Izakhono neNtlalo

Izithintelo zokufumana inzala yengozi zichaphazela ngokungenakulinganiswa abantu abanolwahlulo, kuquka abantu abanemibala ephantsi, abahlali basemaphandleni, abantu, abaphambukeli, nabaselula. Ezi zinto zokwahlukahlukana zibonisa imilinganiselo ebanzi yempilo esekelwe kucalucalulo lwezentlalo, ukungalingani kwezoqoqosho, kunye nokungalingani kwentlalo-ntle yabantu.

Ukulungisa indlela yokuthintela ukukhawulela okungxamisekileyo kufuna ingqalelo ekuthinteleni impilo yabantu, ubomi, umsebenzi, nobudala obuchaphazela impilo. Oku kuquka ukuhlangabezana nobuhlwempu, ukuphucula imfundo, ukwandisa izibonelelo zempilo, nokususa iinkqubo nezenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho.

Umahluko Nezithintelo Ezininzi

Abantu abaninzi bajamelana nemiqobo emininzi, edibanisa imiqobo yokuthintela ukukhawula okunxulumene neempawu zongxamiseko ezibekwe ngezantsi. Umzekelo, umntu oselula, ofumana imibala ephantsi ohlala kwindawo esemaphandleni angajamelana nemiqobo enxulumene nobudala, imeko yezoqoqosho, ubuhlanga, kunye ne-geneology ngexesha elinye. Ukuqonda le miqobo edityanisiweyo kubalulekile ekuphuhliseni iindlela ezisebenzayo zokufikelela.

Umiselo lobulungisa oluvelisayo lugxininisa ukubaluleka kokudibana kwezi mpatho-mbini nokusekela amava kunye nokhokelo lwalowo uchaphazelekayo kwimpilo engekho mthethweni. Ubuchule kunye nemigudu yemigaqo kufuneka ikhokelwe ngamazwi nezinto eziphambili kuluntu oluphantsi.

Ulwalathiso Neengxaki Eziza Kuvela Kwixesha Elizayo

Izikhuseli zobugcisa

Inkqubela-phambili yobugcisa inganika amathuba amatsha okuphucula indlela yokuthintela engxamisekileyo. Iiplatfomu zeTelehealth zingadibanisa abantu nababoneleli abanokugunyazisa ukuthintela unqano olungxamisekileyo ukuba lube kude, ngamayeza anikezelwa ngeposi okanye afumaneka ngeveni kumagumbi okutyela asekuhlaleni. Le mfaniso inokuba luncedo ngokukhethekileyo kubantu basemaphandleni okanye abo bajongene nemiqobo ekutyeleleni abantu abanonyango.

Ii-apps kunye nezibonelelo ze-intanethi zinganika inkcazelo malunga nokuthintela ukhawulo lwengozi, zincede abantu bafumane imithombo ekufuphi, zize zikwazi ukufikelela kwi-intanethi ebhaliweyo okanye eziyalelweyo. Ezi zixhobo zamanani kufuneka zenziwe ngendlela yokuba zifumaneke, zifumaneke yaye zilungele ukuqinisekisa ukuba zinceda bonke abantu ngokunempumelelo.

Uphando nophuhliso

Uphando oluqhubekayo luyaqhubeka luphucula ukuqonda ukusebenza kokuthintela ukukhawulela kongxamiseko, ukhuseleko, kunye nokusetyenziswa okufanelekileyo. Uphando lokuhlola iindlela ezintsha zokusebenzisa, iindlela zokudibanisa kunye neendlela zokuphucula ukusebenza kwabantu abanobunzima bomzimba obuphezulu lungakhokelela kukhetho oluphuculiweyo kwixesha elizayo.

Uphando ngemiqobo yokufikelela nokungenelela okusebenzayo ukuze zoyiswe lubalulekile ekuziseni inkqubo nasekuqheliseni. Ukuqonda oko kusebenzayo ekuphuculeni ukufikelela kokuthintela ukhawuleziso ngongxamiseko kwimo ezahlukeneyo nakubemi abahlukeneyo kungakhokela ulwabiko lwezibonelelo kunye nenkqubela-phambili yenkqubo.

Umhlaba Omi Ngoopolitiko Nomthetho

Imeko yezobupolitika neyomthetho enxulumene namalungelo okuzala iyaqhubeka iguquka, nto leyo echaphazela ukufumaneka kothintelo olungxamisekileyo. Emva kwesigqibo seNkundla ePhakamileyo kwiDobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization, eyaphelisa ilungelo lomgaqo-siseko worhulumente lokuqhomfa, ixhala likhula ngokoyikisa ukuthintela ukuthintela, kuquka nokuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko.

Abanye abachasi bamalungelo okuzala baye bahlasela ngokukhethekileyo ukuthintela ukukhawula okungxamisekileyo, bexoka besithi kubangela ukuqhomfa nokufuna ukuthintela ukufikelela komjelo ngomthetho, ngomthetho okanye ngomqathango wezomthetho. Ukukhusela ukuthintela ukuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko kufuna ukuphaphamisa nokukhuselwa kobuchule ukuze kupheliswe le migudu kwaye kukhusele amalungelo okuthintela ukukhawula ngomthetho nangenkqubo.

Imisebenzi yesakhelo samalungelo abantu ehlabathi lonke

Ukufumana imvume yokuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko kugqalwa njengelungu lamalungelo okuzala phantsi komthetho wamalungelo abantu wehlabathi. Izivumelwano ezahlukeneyo zezizwe ngezizwe kunye nezakhiwo ziqinisekisa ilungelo lokufumana iinkonzo zempilo ngokwesini nangokwezenzala, kuquka nokuthintela ukukhawula.

Inkqubo yeNgqungquthela yezizwe ngezizwe eCairo neNgqungquthela yeNkxaso yoNyaka yoNyaka yoNyaka noPhuhliso lwaBantu ngo-1995 kunye neBeijing Platform for Action (iNkcubeko yeNkcubeko) ukusuka ku-1995 iyakuqaphela ukubaluleka kwempilo yokuzala namalungelo. Usukelo lweZizwe Ezimanyeneyo oluzinzileyo luquka amaxhoba anxulumene nokufikelela kwindalo yonke kwiinkonzo zempilo yesini nezokuzala.

Ezi zicwangciso zezizwe ngezizwe zinikela iziseko ezibalulekileyo zobunyani nokuziphendulela, zimisela ukuba ukufikelela ekuthinteleni ukukhawulela okungxamisekileyo akungombandela nje wenkqubo yasekhaya kodwa ilungelo elisisiseko lomntu oorhulumente abanazo iimbopheleleko zokuhlonela, zokukhusela nokuzalisekisa.

Indima Yemibutho Yasekuhlaleni Neengcambu Zorhwebo

Imibutho esekelwe kuluntu kunye nentsebenziswano enxulumene nengca idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni ukufumaneka kokhuseleko longxamiseko ngokubonelela ngenkonzo, ngemfundo, ngobuchule, nangokuzilungiselela uluntu.

Imibutho emininzi inikela ukuthintela ukukhawulela okungeyomfuneko okanye okungeyomfuneko, isebenzisa ii-atroff neenkonzo zolwazi, iiverhe zemfundo yoluntu, kunye nokuxhasa iinguqu ezingokwenkqubo. Le mibutho isoloko isebenza njengemithombo ethembekileyo yolwazi nenkxaso, ingakumbi kuluntu oluphantsi olunokujamelana nemiqobo yokufumana iinkqubo zempilo eziphambili.

Imigudu yokuqhatha i-rasroot iye yaba negalelo ekwandiseni ukufikelela kokuthintela kongxamiseko, ukusuka kumaphulo okwenza ukuthintelwa kongxamiseko kufumaneke ngaphezu komntu ohlala kunye nemigudu yokuqinisekisa ukufikelela kweklasi nokukhusela ekulabeleni intlupheko. Ucwangciso loluntu lwakha amandla kwaye lwenza utshintsho emhlabeni, lusekwe kumalizwi namava abo bachaphazelekayo kakhulu ekufikeleleni.

Amanyathelo Asebenzisekayo Okuphucula Indlela Okwazi Ukufikelela Ngayo

Ngoxa kufuneka utshintsho lwenkqubo, abantu banokuphucula indlela abanokuthintela ngayo izinto ngexesha likaxakeka baze baxhase abanye abantu abahlala apho.

Ukucwangcisa kwangaphambili

Abantu abasebenzisana neentlobano zesini nabanqwenela ukuthintela ukukhulelwa bangacinga ukuba bafumane ukuthintela ukhawulo olungxamisekileyo kusengaphambili ukuba lubekho xa kuyimfuneko. Oku kuphelisa imiqobo yokufikelela kwaye kuqinisekisa ukuba ukuthintela ukukhawulezisa ukukhawulezisa kuyenzeka ngokukhawuleza xa ixesha linzima. Ngaphezu komntu ofumana ixesha eliphakathi imveliso ze-vonorgel zinokuthengwa zize zigcinwe ukwenzela ukusetyenziswa kwixesha elizayo, kwaye abanye abagcini-zibonelelo-zinyango baya kumisela ukuthintela kongxamiseko kusengaphambili.

Yazi Imiqathango Yakho Namalungelo Akho

Ukuqonda iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko, apho unokuyifumana khona, namalungelo asemthethweni okufikelela kumntu anganika amandla okulawula inkqubo yonyango ngokunempumelelo. Ukwazi ukuba oosokhemisi kwamanye amazwe banokuthi bagunyazise i-aceristal, ukuba isebe longxamiseko kufuneka linike abasindi besifo songxamiseko kumazwe amaninzi, kwaye i-inshorensi kufuneka igubungele ukuthintela ukuthintela kongxamiseko kunganceda abantu bafikelele kwinkathalo abayifunayo.

Baxhase Abanye

Abantu banokubaxhasa abahlobo, amalungu entsapho namalungu asekuhlaleni ngokuthetha ngokuchanileyo ngeengxaki zokuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko, ngokuncedisa kwizithuthi okanye kwiindleko zabo, nangokukhuthaza ukuba bafumane intsebenziswano engakumbi.

Isiphelo: I-corace Contraception njengeNkcubeko yamaLungelo

Ukukwazi ukuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko kungunobangela osisiseko wamalungelo okuzala nowokunyamekela impilo. Ukukwazi ukukhusela ukukhulelwa ungekacwangciswa emva kwesondo elingakhuselekanga okanye ukungakwazi ukukhawula kunika abantu amandla okulawula ubomi babo bokuzala, ukuzilawula, impilo nempilo entle.

Inkqubela ephawulekayo yenziwe ekuvuseleleni ukufumaneka kokuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko kumashumi eminyaka aliqela adluleyo, ukusuka ekuvunyweni kokuqala kwemveliso yothintelo olunikezelwe ngongxamiseko ukuya kutsho ngaphezu kobukho bomntu ofumana inzala kunye nogunya lonyango. Ukusetyenziswa kokuthintela ukuthintela kongxamiseko kwanda kakhulu, kubonakalisa ukuqwalaselwa nokunciphisa imiqobo.

Noko ke, kusekho iingxaki ezibalulekileyo. Ukwahluka kwemeko-bume, imiqobo, imiqathango esemthethweni, imiqathango yokwala amacandelo, isihlazo, kunye nezithuba zolwazi ziyaqhubeka zilinganisela ukufikelela kwabantu abaninzi, ingakumbi abo bakwimimandla ephantsi. Umbindi womhlaba wonke uthetha ukuba ukufikelela kwiindlela ezifanelekileyo zokuthintela ukhawuleziso olusemngciphekweni kuxhaphakile kumazwe atyeleleyo, lo gama abantu abakumazwe aphantsi naphakathi afumanayo ngokufuthi benokulinganiselwa okanye bengena.

Ukufumana ukuthintelwa kokuthintela inzala ngexesha likaxakeka kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa ngokuqhubekayo kobuchule, utshintsho lwenkqubo, imfundo, kunye notyalo-mali kwisiseko sonyango lwezempilo lokuzala. Oku kuquka ukwandisa ukufikelela okungaphaya kolawulo lwezibonelelo zongxamiseko, ukuphelisa imiqobo yexabiso, ukukhusela amalungelo asemthethweni okufikelela, ukuqhuba iintlango zokuthintela ukukhawula, ukulwa nenkcazelo ephosakeleyo, nokuseka inzala kuyo yonke imigudu.

Abasebenzi bezonyango, abaququzeleli bezonyango, abafundisi, abaxhasi, namalungu oluntu onke anendima ekuphuculeni ukufumaneka kwemiqathango yengozi. Ngokusebenza kunye ekupheliseni imiqobo nokukhusela amalungelo okuzala, sinokuqinisekisa ukuba bonke abantu banenkcazelo, ubuncwane nenkxaso ekufuneka beyenze ngendlela ezimeleyo ngokuphathelele impilo yabo yokuzala nangekamva.

Ulwazi oluninzi olumalunga nempilo yokuzala, tyelela uphando olusekelwe kumthetho wendlela yokuthintela ukukhawula olungxamisekileyo . Ukufunda ngokufikelela kokuthintela ukukhawula kwindawo yakho, hlola i Bedsterriver yolawulo lokuzala, luxhasa uthungelwano lothungelwano lwezezimali zoluntu olusekelwe kwimigaqo yempilo yokuzala, kujongwano lwezezongxamiseko [[FLT:]] kuhlobo lwe-Gutmacher Institute yokwehlisa inzala . Ukufumana iinkonzo zempilo ezikufuphi nawe, sebenzisa i-XFLT'IFOM'.[FLT] Ikha] Ikha_[FLT] Imbono yezizwe ngezizwe ekutyeleleni, ukutyelela konqanda-melwa kwe-metriasemstiki ye-D:[FT]

Ikamva lamalungelo okuzala lixhomekeke kwisigqibo sethu esidibeneyo sokuqinisekisa ukuba bonke abantu banokufikelela kwimisebenzi yempilo epheleleyo yokunyamekela ukuzala, kuquka nokuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko. Ngokugqala ukuthintela ukukhawula kongxamiseko njengelungelo lomntu elingundoqo kwaye sisebenzela ukuphelisa imiqobo, singaxhasa inkululeko yokuzala, ukulingana kwempilo kunye nokusesikweni kwentlalo kubo bonke.