Ukuqala: Idinga Nenyaniso Yokulingana Komtshato

Amalungelo omtshato kudala engundoqo wokulwela iLGBTQ, efuzisela kungekuphela nje ukuvunywa ngokusemthethweni kodwa ukwamkelwa okubanzi. EUnited States, uphawu oluphawula izinto obergefell v. Hodges isigqibo ngo 2015 esiqinisekisa izibini ezimanyeneyo ezinelungelo lokutshata kwilizwe lonke, uloyiso olubonakala lugqibele uhambo lwamashumi eminyaka. Kodwa ke, ilungelo elisemthethweni lokutshata alisoloko liguqulela ekuphileni ngokulingana, ingakumbi kwi-LGBTQ + abantu ngabanye kumaphandle. Uluntu lujongenemiqobo olukhethekileyo lwezithintelo ezisemthethweni nezobudlelane ekungaqiniseki kweminye ukuvalwa koo kubangela ukungana koovimba bomtshato nokungabikho koncedo oluninzi nolulululufumana uvavanyo olulucebe luxandukile kulwazi lwemibutho labantu abahlala edolonke.

Eli nqaku lihlolisisa imingeni edityanisiweyo efumaneka emaphandleni eLGBTQ+ abantu abadibana nayo ngokuphathelele amalungelo omtshato, bahlolisisa ukudibana kwemekobume, inkcubeko, nomthetho, kwaye bachaza amanyathelo anokuthathwa ukuze balingana ngokwenyaniso. Ukusuka kwimigaqo elinganiselweyo ukuya ekuzikhuseleni nasekusweleni izibonelelo, izinto ezikhoyo zobomi basemaphandleni zifuna okungaphezulu komthetho wesizwe; bafuna ukungenelela okusemgangathweni, iinguqu zenkqubo, kunye nokuzinzisa okuqhubekayo.

Ukubaluleka Kwamalungelo Omtshato: Asiyoncwadi Nje Echazayo

Amalungelo omtshato akapheleli nje kwimibhiyozo yezomthetho, imali, kunye nezoluntu.

  • Ukwamkelwa kwemithetho yolwalamano, okuyimfuneko ekutyeleleni esibhedlele, ekwenzeni izigqibo zezamayeza, kunye nemeko yelungu elilandelayo.
  • Access kwinzuzo ezitshayo njengeenzuzo zokhuseleko loluntu, iingenelo zamava, kunye neinshorensi yempilo elungiselelwe umqeshi.
  • Amalungelo okwanela namalungelo empahla ngaphandle koxwebhu olunexabiso eliphezulu, kuquka ilifa elizenzekelayo kunye namandla okugcina impahla idibene.
  • [[UMTL:0] Amalungelo omzali [ kubazali abangoonozakuzaku, ukuzala nokumisela abantwana abazalelwe emtshatweni.
  • Ingeniso ze--inzuzo iquka ukuqokelelwa kwefashoni, ukukhulula irhafu yefa, neengenelo zerhafu yerhafu.
  • Ukusebenza okuphikisana nokubekwa phantsi kwembali, kuqinisekisa ukuba iLGBTQ + ulwalamano lufanele isidima esifanayo nesokudibana kwendoda nebhinqa.

Ngaphandle komtshato, izibini ezininzi zeLGBTQ+ + ezo zihlala kwiindawo zasemaphandleni apho ukufunda nokubhala kusezantsi khona, zimele zixhomekeke kumaxwebhu asemthethweni abiza imali eninzi (iiimvume, amandla egqwetha, imiyalelo yezamayeza) ukuthelekelela ukhuseleko oluvela ngokuzenzekela ngomtshato. Kwanangoko, la maxwebhu asenokungahlonelwa kwimeko engalunganga engokwasemthethweni, ashiye izibini zisengozini ngexesha longxamiseko okanye emva kokufa kweqabane.

Ngaphezu koko, ukulingana komtshato kuye kwanxulunyaniswa neziphumo eziphucukileyo zempilo yengqondo ze-LGBTQ+ abantu. Uhlolisiso lonyaka wama-2017 olwapapashwa kwiAmerican Journal of Public Health lufumanise ukuba ukulingana kwemitshato kumgangatho ophezulu kunxulumene nokuncitshiswa kwengqondo kwabantu abadala be-LGB. Kubantu basemaphandleni abasele bedandathekile kwaye bezibulala ngenxa yokuzikhetha nokuzisola, iinzuzo zengqondo zomtshato zibaluleke kakhulu.

Iingxaki Ezikhethekileyo Kwimimiselo Yasemaphandleni: Ilizwe Lokungalingani

Ngoxa ilungelo elingokwasemthethweni lokutshata liqashelwa ngurhulumente eUnited States, amava okuba sisibini esitshatileyo esitshatileyo esitshatileyo kwingingqi yasemaphandleni ahlukile ngokusisiseko kweso kwisixeko esinenkqubela phambili. Abantu basemaphandleni iLGBTQ babambana nemiqobo emithathu edityanisiweyo: ukhuseleko olulinganiselweyo olusemthethweni (ukuqhelisela, nokuba alukho kwiphepha), ukuhlazeka okugqithisileyo kwentlalo, nokuswela kwemisebenzi yokuqinisekisa ukuba iyafumaneka.

Imikhosi esemthethweni kunye nemida yokunyanzeliswa

Nangona ewell ithintela ukukhupha amalayisensi omtshato kwizibini ezingokwasemgangathweni, ulawulo lwasemaphandleni oluninzi lufumene iindlela zokulibazisela okanye zokuphazamisa ukufikelela. Oomabhala bengingqi kwezinye iindawo baye bakhankanya iimpikiswano zonqulo zokukhanyela imvume, kwaye ngoxa ezo zenzo zingagunyaziswanga, umthwalo uwela kwisibini esitshana ukufaka iifayile zetyala − umsebenzi onzima osemthethweni nowemali. Kumazwe ngaphandle kokubekwa ngokucacileyo kwemithetho engadibaniselwanga, izibini ezingoonobuhlanga zisenokudibana nezothenobutshaba xa zikhutshwa amaxwebhu asemthethweni, zamkela abantwana, okanye zikhusela iinzuzo ezifumaneka kubaqeshi basekuhlaleni.

Ngokubhekele phaya, ukusetyenziswa kwemithetho yesizwe kudala isiphithiphithi. Kwanakumanani agqithiseleyo imithetho ye LGBTQ + equka ukungaguquguquki, ubalo lwasemaphandleni lusoloko lungenabo ubuncwane bokuzinyanzelisa. Isibini se-sexxx - sinye esitsha sitshate kwelinye ilizwe esifudukela kwelinye ilizwe lasemaphandleni kwelinye sisenokufumana ukuba umtshato waso awubhaliswa ngenxa yenjongo ezithile. "ezininzi njongo zamalungelo omzali okanye abaphumeliyo bangenelweyo `* ukuba urhulumente omtsha unemithetho yonqulo ebanzi yokukhulula. iqhubela le projekthi yokuqhubela phambili, ibonisa ukuba i- LGBTQ+ abantu ngabanye baqhele kakhulu ukuphila ngokwemithetho evaliweyo.

Ukungahlali Kakuhle Nemiphumo Yako Enzulu

Kwimimandla emininzi yasemaphandleni, abantu abahlala emaphandleni, abangqongqo bangafumana inkxaso kwaye bafumane uhlolo olunzulu. Izibini ezifanayo zisoloko zijongene nekrele elinomphetho ombini: zibonakala kakhulu (wonk ’ ubani uyazi ishishini lakhe) kodwa zinyanzelekile ukuba zihambele phambili apho iindima zesithethe sendoda ne-hetronoratic zilawula khona. Ukoyika ucalucalulo kunokubangela “ukungafezeki,” apho izibini zithiya ulwalamano lwazo, zikuphepha ukubamba izandla ebantwini, okanye zide zifihle ukuma kwabo emtshatweni ukuze zithintele ukungqubana.

Esi sisongelo sibangela uxinzelelo olukhulu lwempilo yengqondo. Uphando lubonisa ukuba abantu abadala basemaphandleni bafumana ukuba iLGBTQ yeyasemaphandleni i-35% yamathuba aphezulu okuzama ukuzibulala kunalawo asedolophini. Kubantu abatshatileyo, ingcinezelo inokubacinezela ulwalamano, ingakumbi xa iqabane elinye “lingekho" emsebenzini okanye kwimibutho yentsapho eyongezelelweyo.

Amaziko onqulo adla ngokusixhasa esi siphoso. Iindawo ezininzi zasemaphandleni zilawulwa zizithethe zonqulo ezidla ngokufundiswa ngolwalamano olufanayo lokuziphatha okubi. izibini ezitshatileyo zisenokuzibona zikhutshwe kwizithethe zecawa, zingavunyelwa ukuba zitshate nabefundisi basekuhlaleni, okanye zishunyayelwe ekushumayeleni esidlangalaleni okungalufuniyo umanyano lwazo. Ngoxa amanye amaqela onqulo lwasemaphandleni exhasa, ahlala ehlukile kunokuba ashiye umthetho, zishiya izibini ezininzi zingaxhaswa ngokomoya.

Ubuninzi be LGBTQ+--Aftifing Services

Amalungelo omtshato anwenwela kwimpilo, kwinkonzo esemthethweni, nakwizentlalo-ntle, ezithi zonke zithintelwe kakhulu kwiindawo zasemaphandleni. Kubantu abasemaphandleni. Kubantu abahlala emaphandleni, zifumana umgcini-zigulana onolwazi ngempilo efanayo nolwalamano oluphezulu nolunentlonelo kulwalamano lwabo alunakubakho. Izibhedlele ezininzi zasemaphandleni aziquki imbonakalo yesondo okanye iimpawu zesini kwimigaqo yazo engachananga, kwaye abasebenzi basenokungavumi ukunyanga umguli osekelwe kwiinkolelo zonqulo. Oku kungabikho kokuzihombisa konyango kunye neziphumo zempilo ezimandundu.

Uncedo olusemthethweni luyingxaki. Iintlangano zoncedo lwasemaphandleni zidla ngokuncitshiswa kwaye zisenokungabi namagqwetha anamava kwiLGBTQ+ umthetho wentsapho (ii-ii-intshi ezifana nokufumana umntwana wesibini, uqhawulo-mtshato nezibini ezifanayo, okanye imigaqo-mthetho yolwaphulo-mthetho. Ngaphandle kweziko loluntu elikufuphi okanye i-bar yemibutho, izibini kufuneka zixhomekeke kwimithombo ye-intanethi okanye kwiiyure zokuhamba ukuze zidibane.

Iinkqubo zokuxhasa zincinane. I-LGBTQ+ amaqela abantu, iziganeko zekratshi, kunye neenkqubo zokuxhasa koontanga zijoliswe kwizixeko. Izibini ezikwimimandla yasemaphandleni ezinobufana-ubufana-ubufana kusenokufuneka ziqhube iiyure ezine okanye ezintlanu ukuze zifumane ugqirha oyingcali kwiLGBTQ + imiba. Olu lwahlukana lungalungela ngakumbi izibini ezitsha ezifuna ukwakha uluntu kunye nezinye iLGBTQ+ nentsapho.

Imiqobo Yezoqoqosho Neengxaki Ezimanyeneyo

LGBTQ+ abantu basemaphandleni basoloko bejongene neengxaki ezidityanisiweyo xa bekwabanye amaqela asezantsi. Umzekelo, LGBTQ+ abantu abanombala ophakathi kwemimandla yasemaphandleni bafumana ubuhlanga kunye ne homophobia, ngokubhekele phaya ukulinganiselwa kwabo kwiingenelo ezinxulumene nomtshato. I-LGBTQ+ izibini ezitshatileyo zijongene nemeko entsonkothileyo esemthethweni: ngelixa iThembelo yeSivumelo somtshato ngoku igunyazisa ukugqalwa komtshato omnye noweshumi elinamalungu angaphandle, amazwe esizwe anolawulo kwimithetho yomtshato, kwaye amanye awazi ukuba awazi amaqhina afanayo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba kubekho imisantsalelana enzima kwifa, ukugcinwa kwabantwana, kunye nezigqibo zempilo.

Uqoqosho lwasemaphandleni ludla ngokunika ingeniso ephantsi kunye namathuba amancinci omsebenzi, okuthetha ukuba izibini ezininzi zeLGBTQ azikwazi ukuhlawula iindleko zomthetho zokukhusela amalungelo entsapho yazo. Zisenokungabi nayo i-inshorensi yempilo okanye zibe nemisebenzi enganiki ngenelo lukhulu. Kwezi zibini, isiqinisekiso somtshato ngokwaso asinele, zifuna ukhuseleko lwezoqoqosho ukuze zifumane iingenelo zomtshato. Kodwa urhulumente kunye neenkqubo ze-nethili karhulumente zisoloko zingakwazi ukuphendula iimfuno ezikhethekileyo zempilo ye-LGBTQ, njengenkqubo yoncedo lwezindlu ezingawazi zifunangawazi izinxulumani ezinxulumene ne-ex ukuze zifumane i-gzigrafig.

Iindlela Ezikhokelela Kwinkqubela: Ukwakha Ikamva Lokwenene Lasemaphandleni

Phezu kwazo nje ezi ngxaki zinzima, kukho iindlela ezicacileyo abaxhasi, abaququzeleli benkqubo, kunye namalungu oluntu anokuzama ukuvala umsantsa wemitshato elinganayo edolophini. Inkqubela-phambili ifuna udityaniso lwenguqu ezisemthethweni, ulungiso-ntle, uphuhliso lobugcisa, kunye neenguqulelo zenkcubeko.

Ukulawula Ngokusemthethweni Notshintsho

Ukhuselo lomanyano luhlala lusesona sixhathiso sikhululo somtshato. I-Respect for Marriage Act [2022]) ifuna urhulumente wezwe ukuba aqaphele imishado-yobunyani efanayo kwilizwe, kwaye ifuna ukuba kubekho imibandela efuna ukubonelwa ngaphandle kwemithetho yemvume yomtshato. Noko ke, ayifuni mithetho efunayo kwi [[FLT:] [[FLT:]] [3] ukhuseleko olufanayo lobugxwayiba okanye ukukhusela ukhuselwa kwezo zonqulo olunokuvumela abasebenzi ukuba bakhanye iinkonzo. Abameli kufuneka batyhambele umthetho opheleleyo ongeyo ongowongaveliyo womtshato [[FLT] [FLD5] [5] ngokobungakanani bobufanayo kunye nokukhuselwa kwezindlu zenyama yenyama yenyama, ukukhuselwa kwezindlu, ukuqeshwa kwabantu bonke, ukuhlanganisa nobalo, ukuqulwa kweendawo ezininzi, kunye nokuhlanganisa nobalo lwasemaphandleni, ukuhlanganisa noluntu.

Kumgangatho wesizwe, iLGBTQ + iminqophiso yasemaphandleni kufuneka isebenzele ukuhambisa iinkqubo zonikezelo olubanzi ezinxulumene nemeko yasemaphandleni. Oku kuquka ukuqinisekisa ukuba oomabhalane bengingqi abangakwazi ukukhanyela imvume yomtshato esekelwe kwiinkolelo zobuqu, kwaye amasebe okukhulisa abantwana abanako ukucalula ngokuchasene nezibini ezi-sexeni elinye. Ngaphezu koko, oorhulumente bangaxhasa iinkqubo zoncedo olusemthethweni [[[FLT:]] eziqeqesha amagqwetha eLBTQ, anika imirhumo yemali etyibilikayo, kwaye banika iikliniki-mskompane ezihambayo ezihambayo eziya kummandla ogciniweyo.

Iinethwekhi zenkxaso yoluntu

Kukungabikho kwamaziko akwisixeko esinesitafile, abantu basemaphandleni iLGBTQ+ abantu baye bakha ukhuseleko ngemibutho engacwangciswanga kunye noluntu olukwi-intanethi. ICandelo lamaLungelo olungokwabantu linikela iStatus LGBTQ qha isikhokelo sasemaphandleni esinceda izibini zifumane izibonelelo zenkonzo, uncedo olusemthethweni, kunye nenkxaso yempilo yengqondo. Izahluko zombutho wasekuhlaleni ezifana no PLAG (Abazali, iintsapho, kunye nezihlobo zeLesbian Gays) zinganikezela ngoncedo, ngokukodwa ukuba zilungiselela iintlanganiso ezithe ngqo kuloo bhulorho.

Ukwenza “iziganeko ezincinci, ezifikelelekayo nezingokwenkcubeko zingakhuthazwa. Ezinye iidolophu zasemaphandleni ziphumelele ekuqaliseni iinkqubo zokuqinisekisa icawa, ezifana ne-“Ukuvula nokuqinisa u-"Amabandla, amkela izibini ezinobufana. Ukuxhasa imibutho eqeqeshiweyo ethumela abahambisi-zindlwana emaphandleni ukwenzela amalungelo omtshato, ucwangciso lwezindlu, kunye nolwalamano olusempilweni lunganika izibini amandla okuqhuba inkqubo.

Ubuxhakaxhaka obugudisayo kunye noosomashishini

Ubuxhakaxhaka bungasisixhobo esinamandla sokulingana kwizibini ezisemaphandleni ezihamba-hambayo. iinkonzo zeTelehealth zithe zandisa ukufikelela kwiLGBTQ+-aftifica amayeza anyanga kunye nabanikezeli bezempilo, zisenza kube lula kwizibini ukufumana inkathalo ekhethekileyo ngaphandle kokuhambahamba. I-Legal Minity Office Corporation [[ kunye nezinye imikhosi ezinikezela ngekhompyutha eziluncedo kwikhompyutha ukugqiba amaxwebhu anxulumene nomtshato, kwaye amanye amajelo avumela imvume yomtshato abalulekileyo abo bangenakukwazi ukutyelela i-omatilonti ngexesha loshishino.

Ii-apps ezihamba-hambayo kunye noovimba beefayili kwi-intanethi (njenge- ugqirha wezonyango namhlanje) uvumela izibini ukuba zihluze i-LGBTQ + ziqinisekise izinikezelo kummandla okhoyo. Amaqela e-media yezentlalo kwi-Facebook okanye i-Reddit asebenza njengendawo yoluntu apho i-LGBTQ inokuba nengcebiso kwimibandela enxulumene nomtshato, ukusuka ekucwangcisweni umtshato kwidolophu eyaziwayo ukuya kuqhubana ne-ofisi kagqirha we-curbaracrimi.

Umelo lwamajelo eendaba lukwangumbandela. Iindawo zokukhupha iindaba kunye namaqonga esizwe aqala ukuveza amabali e-LGBTQ+ iintsapho zasemaphandleni, ezinokwenza umtshato osisidibanisi uqheleke kwizicwangciso apho usabonwa “njengendawo yethu.” Amaphephandaba kunye nezikhululo zikanomathotholo zingakhuthazwa ukuba ziphumeze iinkalo ezikhuthazayo zezibini ezitshatileyo ezitshatileyo, zinceda ukuguqula uluvo lukawonke-wonke wonke ngaphakathi.

Imfundo kunye nomanyano

Mhlawumbi olona tshintsho luzinzileyo luvela kwimfundo. Iinkqubo ezisekelwe kwisikolo ezifundisa intlonelo nge-LGBTQ+ abantu zinganciphisa isihlamba abantwana abanokusithwala ukuya kukhula. Kwimimandla yasemaphandleni, ezi nkqubo kufuneka zenzelwe ngenyameko ukuchaza amaxabiso asekuhlaleni, ngokusoloko zifakwa ekufakelweni kwemiqathango yasemaphandleni efana “nobubele” kunye“ nokungabikho kwenqanawa elunxwemeni.

Imimandla yasemaphandleni . "njengamalungu athe tye abefundisi, abalimi, abanini-mashishini, namagosa asekuhlaleni anyuliweyo `anokuthetha ngamandla ukulingana komtshato." Xa amaqabane ethetha esidlangalaleni exhasa izibini ezingokwabelana ngesondo, ithumela uphawu lokuba ukwamkela kunokwenzeka ngaphandle kokushiya igama lasemaphandleni. Iinkqubo zoqeqesho ezifana ne i-ACLU’s Livetal Balty Comment inika ukhokelo olucacileyo ngendlela yokuqalisa incoko, ukuxhasa izibini zasekuhlaleni, kunye nokuvavanyanisa iinkqubo zokungasebenzisi melo ngaphandle kwabamelwane abasemzini.

Isiphelo: Isicelo sokuzingisa, Intshukumo esekelwe kwindawo

Uhambo oluya kulingana ngokupheleleyo emtshatweni wasemaphandleni weLGBTQ+ uluntu lukude kakhulu. Ngexa amadabi asemthethweni ephunyezwe kakhulu kwiinkundla zenkundla, iinyaniso zobomi basemaphandleni ezifuneka imini yonke, umonde omkhulu. Izibini ezifanayo ezikwimimandla yasemaphandleni zifanele ukunikwa isiqinisekiso somtshato esingaphezulu kwesokuhlala ngokukhululekileyo, ukukwazi ukufikelela kwimpilo ngaphandle koloyiko, ukunyusa iintsapho ngaphandle kokungaqiniseki okusemthethweni, nokufumana uluntu ngaphandle koqhutyo olunekhulu.

Abenzi benkqubo kufuneka bamisele imigaqo-nkqubo yasemaphandleni ecacileyo: ukuxhasa iikliniki ezihambayo zomthetho, ukuqinisekisa ukuba imithetho engacazululiyo ifikelela kwizibini ezitshatileyo kwiphondo ngalinye, nokuqinisekisa ukuba inzuzo karhulumente ifikelela nokuba zihlala phi. Abameli kufuneka baqhubeke besakha ii-interlinear eziqukayo ezithi zahlule ulwano lwamanani kwaye zihlonele izithethe zasekuhlaleni. Kwaye ngamnye (* LGBTQ + okanye i-ally-acn udlala indima ngokukhuthaza ukwamkelwa kwemibawabo, ukuthetha ngokuchasene nesidima, kunye nokuxhasa imibutho esebenza ngokungakhathali kwi-LGBTQ+.

Ukulingana kokwenene kuthetha ukuba uthando nesibopho sesibini siyaqapheleka kwaye siyakhuselwa nokuba sithi “Ndiyaya kwenjenjalo” nokuba kusini na kwisixeko esiphezulu okanye kwithambeka lelizwe. Ngokuthetha imiqobo engaqhelekanga ejongene nelgBTQ yasemaphandleni abantu abajoliswe kubo, abanovelwano, singenza eso sithembiso sibe sesokwenene kubo bonke.