Ukungavisisani Kwempilo Edolophini KwiUK: Ucelomngeni Olukhulayo

Imimandla yasemadolophini eqengqelekelelene kakhulu kwaye iyaqhubeka iintlawulo zempilo ezinxulunyaniswa kakhulu neemeko zentlalo, imekobume, kunye nokufikelela kwiinkonzo zonyango. Abemi abahluthwe abamelwane kwizixeko ezifana neManchester, Birmingham, kunye neenxalenye zeLondon bafumana iziphumo zempilo ezimandundu kakhulu kunaleyo ikwimimandla etyebileyo. Izithuba zobomi zobomi ezimalunga neshumi leminyaka zikho phakathi kwamasebe ahlukeneyo kwisixeko esinye, namanani ezifo ezingapheliyo ezifana ne-asima, isifo seswekile, nesifo sentliziyo ziphakame kakhulu kwiindawo ezingenayo izithuba eziluhlaza, ukumelana nongcoliseko oluphezulu, kwaye zilinganiselwe ekufikeleleni kwexabiso lokutya okunesondlo.

Abaphathi-mikhosi kunye noosodolophu bakwisikhundla esikhethekileyo sokusingatha ezi ndawo zingalinganiyo. Ngeli xesha inkqubo yesizwe imisela isiseko esibanzi semali yempilo ye-NHS kunye neyoluntu, sisixeko kunye nomgangatho wengingqi apho uninzi lwezithintelo zempilo yentlalo, yezoqoqosho, kunye nemekobume yendalo lungaphenjelelwa ngqo. Abasebenzi banobuchule bokulungisa inkqubo yezindlu, izibonelelo zezithuthi, imigangatho yomgangatho womoya, kunye nokhuseleko loluntu, konke okunempembelelo enyanzelekileyo emzimbeni nasemziphekweni wengqondo. Indima yabo ayingolawulo nje kuphela; yezobupolitika neyongalungelelani, ifuna ukuba bangenelelane ngokungqalileyo amacandelo anqamlezo, abaxhasi borhwebo, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba amazwi abo bangamahlwempu abangakwazi ukuchana.

Indima Yabavukeli Empilweni Kawonke - wonke

Ababhexeshi bagqalwa ngokuba baninzi njengenkokeli ezigxekayo kwi-atmosfera yempilo elungele ukuthe tye. Ngokungafaniyo namagosa amiselwe phakathi, abalawuli bodolophu abanyulwe ngqo kwizixeko ezinjenge-London, iManchester eKhulu, kunye neNtshona Midwands banogunya ledemokhrasi kunye nembonakalo kawonke-wonke ebonakalayo evumela ukuxhasa inkqubela yempilo njengeyona iphambili. Impembelelo yabo inwenwa kwimimandla emininzi yemigaqo ebumba abantu abahlala kuyo, abasebenzi, nabadala kuyo.

Uphuhliso loMgaqo-nkqubo nokuHlakulelwa

Iinkqubo zokuxhathisa ezikhoyo koosodolophu zininzi. Kwizindlu, oomatiloshe bangamisela amaxhoba ezindlu ezinokufikeleleka, imilinganiselo yokunyanzelisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nokungena komoya, kunye nokutyalwa kweenkqubo zokuthintela ukungabi namakhaya. Kwisithuthi, bangalunika phambili ubuchule bokuhamba njengendlela yomjikelezo kunye nemimandla ehamba ngenqwelo-moya, bandise isixokelelwano sezithuthi zoluntu ukuze banciphise ukuxhomekeka kwenqwelo-mafutha, kwaye bazise imimandla ephantsi yokuphelisa ungcoliseko lomoya. Kwimekobume, bangenza baze bakhusele izithuba eziluhlaza, imithi yezityalo, kwaye baxhase inyathelo lokutya okukhulayo phakathi kwabantwana abadala.

Abasebenzi bamaphulo onyango bayakwazi ukulungiselela amaphulo oluntu alungele iimfuno zasekuhlaleni. Enoba akhuthaza ukugonywa, ukukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa komzimba rhoqo, okanye ukuphaphamisa ngeenkonzo zokuxhasa impilo yengqondo, amaphulo asekuhlaleni asoloko ephumeza ukuganana okuphezulu kunezo zesizwe ngenxa yokuba anokutshintshwa kulungelelaniswa nolwimi, inkcubeko, kunye nemijelo yonxibelelwano yabantu abathile. Ngaphezu koko, oonodolophu banokukhuthaza ukuqwalasela impilo yabo kuzo zonke iinkalo zenkqubo ezingokwempilo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke izigqibo ezithatyathwa ngulawulo lwesixeko zichaziwe ngenxa yeziphumo zazo ezinokwenzeka kwimpilo.

Ubandakanyeko Lwamagunya Oluntu

Inkqubela eqhubekayo kwimpilo kawonke-wonke ayinakuphunyezwa ngaphandle kokuthathi-nxaxheba okusebenzayo koluntu oluchaphazelekayo oluchaphazelekayo. Ababhexeshi banembopheleleko yokwakha izakhiwo ezibangela ukuganana koluntu okunentsingiselo. Oku kugqitha kukwenza iintlanganiso zikawonke-wonke ngamathuba athile. Oku kubandakanya ukuseka amacandelo okulungisa abahlali, ukuncedisana namaqela okholo kunye nemibutho yokuzithandela, nokuveliswa kweenkqubo zemfundo zempilo ezinika amandla abantu ukuba balawule intlalo yabo. Kwizixeko apho ukuganana kwebutho labantu kuye kwabekwa khona kuqala, abemi banikela ingxelo yomgangatho ophezulu wokuthemba kwimibutho yasekuhlaleni nokuvuma okukhulu ukuba nenxaxheba kwiinkqubo zezonyango zolwakhiwo lwezentengiso kunye neenkonzo zolawulo lobunzima.

Ukugaxelelwa okunempumelelo kwasekuhlaleni kunceda oosodolophu kunye namagosa ezempilo yoluntu aqonde imiqobo ekhethekileyo ajongene nayo amaqela awahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, abantu abambalwa bamazwe banokufumana imiqobo yenkcubeko okanye ulwimi xa befikelela kwimiqobo yempilo, ngelixa iintsapho ezifumana imali ephantsi zisenokutsala nzima ngeendleko zokuhamba ukuya kumadinga okanye ixesha elifunekayo ukuze zibekho ngexesha lokuphulaphula la mava aphilayo, abameli bangayila iinkonzo ezifikeleleka ngokwenene kwaye zidibene. Le ndlela ayilungisi nje kuphela iziphumo zempilo kodwa ikwaqinisa ukungenelelana kwezentlalo kunye nezo zedemokhrasi.

Iingxaki Zokuhlangabezana Neengxaki Zempilo Emadolophini

Naphezu kwempembelelo yabo ephawulekayo, oosodolophu bajongene nemiqobo ebalulekileyo kwimigudu yabo yokunciphisa ukwahluka kwempilo. Ucelomngeni luneentlobo ezininzi kwaye lufuna ukubotshwa okuzinzileyo, ukucombulula ingxaki, kunye nokusebenzisana kumazwe ahlukeneyo kurhulumente.

Imali ehlawulwayo kunye nokuhlala

Omnye wemiqobo engapheliyo kukungaqiniseki kobuncwane bemali. Abaphathi bengingqi e-UK baye bafumana iminyaka yokungabi namali, benoqingqo-mali empilweni yoluntu, ukukhathalelwa kwentlalo, nezinye iinkonzo eziyimfuneko ezincitshisiweyo. Ngokufuthi kufuneka basebenze kwii-finsictiness eziqinileyo, benza ukhetho olunzima malunga naziphi iinkqubo zokuxhasa imali kwaye ezilinganisa umva. Ukugcinwa kwemali yemali yempilo kawonke wonke kuye kwancitshiswa, kushiya izigqibo zobulali zisebungozi kwiingcinezelo zexeshanazopolitiki. Ukuqinisekisa nokuxhasa imali kufuna oonomatilo-dolophu ukuba babe ngabameli abaphumelelayo kumgangatho wesizwe, besenza utyalo-mali olugcina imali eninzi.

Ngaphandle kwenkxaso karhulumente, oonodolophu bangahlola unxulumano namaqumrhu amacandelo azimeleyo, iziseko zoncedo, kunye neziko lemfundo. Amaqhina anxulumene nentlalo kunye nothutho olusekelwe kwiziphumo zenkonzo luzinkqubo zenkxaso yemali eziye zasetyenziswa kwezinye izixeko ukuxhasa iinkqubo zempilo zokukhusela. Noko ke, ezimodeli zifuna amalungiselelo aphezulu okulawula kunye nokukulungela ukwabelana ngomngcipheko.

Ukuthetha Neemfuno Zempilo

Ukwahluka ngokwempilo akubangelwa kukungahambelani okuqhelekileyo kweenkonzo zempilo; kuqhutywa ngabathinteli bempilo, kuquka ingeniso, imfundo, umsebenzi, indawo yokuhlala, kunye nendawo engqongileyo. Ukulungisa ezi zizathu zingundoqo kubandakanya indlela epheleleyo engaphaya kwenkonzo yoluntu yempilo. Abasebenzi kufuneka basebenze kumaziko onyango phakathi kolawulo lwabo, kunye namaqabane angaphandle, ukucebisana ngemibandela enxulumene nobuhlwempu, ipetroli, ukunqongo, ukungonwabiswa kwemali, ukukhuselwa koncedo lwempilo.

Ngokomzekelo, ukuphucula iziphumo zempilo yabantwana abahlala kwiindawo ezisweleyo kufuna ukulungelelaniswa kwemigaqo-nkqubo. Oku kufuna ukhokelo olunamandla, umbono ocacileyo, inkxaso yomsebenzi wabazali, nokufumana ukutya okunesondlo. Akukho nanye ingenelo lwaneleyo ngokwalo. Ngoko ke kufuneka inkxaso elungeleleneyo yokusebenza kweqela elincinane nokuqinisekisa ukuba ukulingana kwempilo ngumgaqo okhokelayo kuyo yonke imimandla yezomgaqo-nkqubo. Oku kufuna ukhokelo olunamandla, umbono ocacileyo, namandla okuqhuba inkqeqeshelanisa iimfuno zezobupolitika nezikhuphiswano zexesha elide.

Ukufikelela kwimpilo yasedolophini kugcino-lwazi

Kule thuba logcino-lwazi olukhulu notshintsho lwamanani, oomatiloshe banamathuba angazange abonwe ngaphambili okusebenzisa ubungqina kunye noncedo lokuhlasela ngokunempumelelo. Ugcino-lwazi oluphathelele iziphumo zempilo, ukusetyenziswa kwenkonzo, umgangatho wemekobume, kunye notyekelo lwabemi lunganceda ukufanisa imimandla kunye nemibandela efuna ingqalelo engxamisekileyo. Ngokomzekelo, izixhobo zokubala imaphu yezamayeza, zivumela amaqela ezempilo kawonke-wonke ukuba afake inkcazelo yongcoliso lomoya olugqithisileyo olunezamkeleko lwezibhedlele ze-asma, atyhile izalathi ezishushu apho kuyimfuneko khona kakhulu.

Ngoko, ukufikelela kogcino-lwazi okunemingeni ekhoyo. Ubunjani bogcino-lwazi kunye nokufumaneka kolwazi kwahlukile kwiindawo ezisemagunyeni, kwaye kusoloko kukho isithonga phakathi koqokelelo logcino-lwazi kunye nokusetyenziswa kwalo ekwenzeni izigqibo. Inkxalabo yezobuqu kufuneka ilawulwe ngononophelo, ingakumbi xa kusetyenziswa ugcino-lwazi oluneemvakalelo ezinzulu. Amagxamesi kufuneka afakelele kugcino-lwazi, ubuchule bogcino-lwazi, kunye nezivumelwano ezinxulumene nemigangatho esemthethweni nemithetho yokuziphatha. Ngaphezu koko, ugcino-lwazi akufunekangaze lubonwe njengommeli womanyano lwasekuhlaleni. Amanani athetha inxalenye yebali, kodwa awabambi amava aphilayo. Indlela elungeleleneyo edibanisa ubungqina bokulinganisa i-quantathe-th syntiagetives isuka kwingqiqo yoluntu olusuka kubantu.

I-Ofisi yezeMpilo nezokwahlula-hlula inika ukhokelo kunye nezixhobo zogcino-lwazi abanokuzisebenzisa amagunya asekuhlaleni ukuphawula umsebenzi wabo nokuchonga iindawo eziphambili. Abasebenzi abakwaziyo ukwakha amaqela anezingqikelelo ezomeleleyo kunye nokukhuthaza impucuko yokwenza izigqibo ezivelisweyo baza kuxhotyiswa ngcono ukwenza ungenelelo olunempumelelo, inkqubela-phambili, kunye nokubonakalisa impembelelo kwimirhumo-mali kunye noluntu.

Ulwandiso loMphathi-majoni oPhawulayo

Akukho mbutho okanye candelo linye linokucombulula umahluko wempilo yasezidolophini. Abaququzeleli kufuneka basebenze njengamaqumrhu okuhlanganisana, behlanganise amaqabane asuka kwi-NHS, urhulumente wasekuhlaleni, amaqumrhu ezindlu, amagunya ezezothutho, abasebenzi bemfundo, amashishini, kunye necandelo lokuzithandela kunye necandelo loluntu. Ingcamango yokusebenza kwendawo ifumene ingeniso kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kunye namaqumrhu empilo kunye namaqumrhu, iinkqubo zokunyamekela alungeleleneyo, kunye namagunya adityanisiweyo alungiselela izakhiwo ezisesikweni zokusebenzisana.

IManchester enkulu inikela umzekelo okhokelayo kule ndlela. IGunya eliKhulu leManchester Elidibene, kunye nosibonda walo onyuliweyo ngqo, lenze uphuculo lwempilo oluphambili. Ngoncedo lwalo oluhlaziyiweyo lwempilo kunye namalungiselelo okunyamekela intlalo, isixeko siyakwazi ukudibanisa iinkonzo ngokunempumelelo, ukudibanisa utyalo-mali neziphumo zempilo, kunye neenkqubo zobuchule zomqhubi wenqwelo-moya ezifana nokugunyaziswa kwantlalo kunye noomatiloshe bezempilo. Umlawuli wedolophu uye wasebenzisa amandla akhe okukhusela izibophelelo kwizindlu, abasemagunyeni ezithuthi, abaqeshi, kunye nabaqeshi ukuxhasa iinjongo zempilo zommandla.

Intsebenziswano esebenzayo ifuna okungaphezulu nje kwezakhiwo; ifuna ukunyaniseka, iinjongo ezabelwenayo, nokuziphendulela ngokucacileyo. Abaququzeleli kufuneka bazichithe ixesha ekwakheni ulwalamano namaqabane abo, belungelelanisa izisusa, bedala iindlela zokucombulula ukungavisisani. Bamele baqinisekise ukuba intsebenziswano ayipheli ngokwayo, kodwa ijoliswe ekunikeni inkqubela ecacileyo kubantu abahlala apho. Inkqubela eqhelekileyo, ukunikela ingxelo ecacileyo, nokuphendula koluntu kuyinxalenye ephumelelayo yokusebenzisana.

I- Intlangano kaRhulumente wasekuhlaleni inika oovimba kunye nophando lwemeko ngendlela amagunya asekuhlaleni anokuvelisa ngayo umanyano olunqamlezileyo ukuze aphucule impilo yabemi. Ukufunda kwezinye izixeko, kwiUK nakumazwe ngamazwe, kunganceda oosodolophu baphephe imigibe eqhelekileyo baze basebenzise iindlela eziqinisekisiweyo.

Uphando lwemeko: Iingcebiso zempilo ezi-Mayor-lects kwizixeko ze-UK

Izixeko eziliqela zeUK ziye zabonisa oko kunokuphunyezwa xa oonodolophu besebenzisa indlela elungeleleneyo nefanelekileyo yokunyamekela impilo kawonke wonke.

ELondon: Umoya Ococekileyo Nohambo Olunenzondelelo

IMayor yaseLondon yenza umgangatho womoya ube ngumboniso wotyikityo. Ukuqalisa nolwandiso lweUltra Low Eugser Zone, idibene notyalo lwezibonelelo zokuhamba ngeebhayisekile kunye nokunyuselwa kokuhamba, kufake igalelo kuphuculo olunokunyuswa kumgangatho womoya kunye nonciphiso ekungeneni kwezibhedlele kwiimeko zokuphefumla. Usodolophu ukwasebenzisa amandla okucwangcisa izinto ezintsha ukuquka izithuba eziluhlaza kunye nokufikelela kwangaphambili ekuphumeleni komsindisi wokutya okunempilo. Ngoxa iingxaki zihleli, inkxaso kwimpilo yemekobume yendalo icwangcise ibhethri yezixeko.

IManchester Enkulu: Indaleko Nokwanda

Njengoko kuchaziwe, iManchester enkulu isebenzise amandla ayo ahlukeneyo ukudibanisa impilo kunye nokukhathalela intlalo, ukutshintsha kwezibonelelo zokuthintela kunye neenkonzo ezisekelwe kuluntu. Usodolophu uye waxhasa iPrograming Manchester Fair Parade, ethetha ngokucacileyo ngokungalingani kwempilo ngokubhekiselele ekusweleni, kwindlu, nasemsebenzini. Indlela yesixeko-region ejongene nokumiswa kolungiso lwezentlalo, apho iGP ibhekisa izigulana nabaguli kwimisebenzi yengingqi enjengengadi okanye iiklasi, iye yanconywa kakhulu kwaye ifunyaniswe kwezinye iindawo. [[FLT:]] IHealth Foundation Foundation ipapaze uhlahlolo lwezo lwempilo oluphezulu lwaManberg, zombili ebalaseleli, zombili, zombili inkqubela apho inkqubela ithekelele khona.

EBirmingham: Iingenelo ezijoliswe kuzo kwiimbadada ezivaliweyo

IBirmingham inenye yezona nqanaba ziphezulu zokutyeba kakhulu ebuntwaneni kwi-UK, enomahluko omkhulu phakathi kwezityebi kunye nezisele ezincinane. Usodolophu, esebenza nebhunga lesixeko kunye ne-NHS, uxhase uludwe lweenkqubo zokungenelela, kuquka iinkqubo zesikolo zokutya okukhululekileyo, ilungiselelo lokutya kweholide, kunye neeklasi zokupheka. Esi sixeko sikwafakele neendawo zokuzikomfako ukukhuthaza ukwenziwa kwabantwana neentsapho ezingekho ngxaki. Imiqondiso yokuqala ibonisa ukuba ezi nyathelo ziqala ukuthoba umlinganiselo wokutyeba phakathi kwamaqela amaninzi asweleyo.

Liverpool: Ukuthetha Ngempilo Yengqondo Nangabahlobo

ILiverpool ibonise impilo yengqondo kunye nolwahlulo lwantlalo njengezinto ezingundoqo ezithintela impilo-ntle jikelele. Usodolophu uye waxhasa ukuphuhliswa kwamagumbi enkcubeko anika inkxaso yempilo yengqondo, ukwenziwa kobudlelane, kunye nemisebenzi yentlalo kubantu abadala. Esi sixeko sikwaqalisile iinkqubo zokuqeqesha abasebenzi abaphambili kwizindlu, amathala eencwadi, kunye neenkonzo zokuphumla ezinceda abantu ukuba baqonde baze baxhase abantu abasengozini yokugula ngengqondo. Ezi zenzo ziye zaluncedo ngokukhethekile kumo wobhubhani we-COVID, owabhenca kwaye wabhenca ubuhlwe be-arha.

Iindlela Nezincomo Zexesha Elizayo

Ukukhangela phambili, oosodolophu ngaphaya kwe-UK kufuneka baqinise ukuzinikela kwabo kwimpilo elungeleleneyo kwaye basebenzise indlela ecwangcisiweyo, elungelelanisiweyo, kunye neyasentlalo. Izinto ezininzi eziphambili zibonakala kwiminyaka ezayo.

Ukuzikhusela

Nangona kuxhaphakile ukuvunywa ukuba ukuthintelwa kungcono kunokunyangwa, iindleko zoluntu zempilo zihlala ziyinxalenye yoqingqo-mali lwempilo jikelele. Abasebenzi kufuneka baqhubeke bexhasa utyalo-mali oluthe lwandiswa kwiinkonzo zokukhusela, kuquka ukungenelela okuseminyakeni yokuqala, inkxaso yempilo yengqondo, kunye neenkqubo ezithetha ngabathinteli bempilo yoluntu. Kufuneka bafune ukuqinisekisa umlinganiselo woqingqo-mali lwasekuhlaleni ukuze banqande, belukhusela kwiimeko ezifutshane.

Ukomeleza Amandla Oluntu

Iinkonzo zempilo ezenziwe kwaye zinikezelwa ngokunxulumene noluntu zisebenza ngokunempumelelo kwaye zinokuxhaswa kakhulu. Abachongi kufuneka baxhase ukuphuhliswa kwamaqhawe ezempilo, ii-globhungingxwaba zenkxaso yoontanga, kunye neenkqubo zoqingqo-mali ezinika abahlali impembelelo yokwenene kwindlela abanikwa ngayo oovimba. Uluntu olunika amandla lungalungisi nje kuphela iziphumo zempilo kodwa lukwakhela ukuphucula uluntu kwaye lunciphise iimfuno kwiinkonzo ezibukhali.

Impilo Entle Kuzo Zonke Iindlela Zokuziphatha

Impilo kwiNdlela yePricies, efuna ukuba onke amasebe kamasipala aqwalasele iziphumo zempilo yesigqibo sawo, kufuneka abe luqheliselo oluqhelekileyo. Abakhandi bangakhokela ngomzekelo, beqinisekisa ukuba ingxelo nganye enikelwe kwigunya elidibeneyo okanye kwibhunga lesixeko iquka uhlolo lwempilo oluthe tye. Le ndlela inceda ekuthinteleni imigaqo-nkqubo kwiindawo ezinjengezindlu, ezothutho, okanye inkqubela yezoqoqosho ekutyekeleni kwimiqobo ekhulayo.

Ubuxhakaxhaka obugungqisayo kunye nokuzinziswa

Izixhobo zamanani, kuquka itelehealth, ukugada, kunye nogcino-lwazi, zinika amathuba amatsha okufikelela kubemi abangaphantsi kwenkxaso yobuqu. Abasebenzi bamavili kufuneka bafake imali kwimibutho yamanani kwaye baqinisekise ukuba iinkonzo zamanani zifikeleleka kwabo bangenayo i-intanethi okanye ulwazi lwamanani. Ukubuyiselwa kwezinto ezintsha kufuneka kukhokelwe ziinkcazo ezikhoyo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ubugcisa abukhange bukhuphe iinguqu ezikhoyo.

Ukwakha Umanyano phesheya Kommandla

Ukwahluka kwempilo akuphelelanga kwimida yesixeko. Abalawuli kufuneka basebenzisane namagunya aselumelwaneni, amaqumrhu eengingqi, kunye nabenzi benkqubo yesizwe ukudibanisa amacebo kunye nokwabelana ngezixhobo. IUK Health Equity Network kunye nemibutho efanayo inika inkxaso kwimfundo kunye nokusebenza kunye. Ngokusebenza kunye, oomatiloshe bangandisa impembelelo yabo baze bakhawuleze inkqubela phambili ukuya kummandla wempilo ofanelekileyo.

The The King’s Fund and other health policy organisations have produced extensive research on the role of local leadership in reducing health inequalities. Mayors who draw on this evidence base and engage with peers across the country will be better positioned to drive meaningful change in their own cities.

Isiphelo

Ukwahluka kwempilo yasedolophini kwi-UK akunakunqandwa okanye akunakugwetyelwa. Abakhokeli, abaxhotyiswe ngemithetho yedemokhrasi, impembelelo enqamlezayo yecawa, nokuqonda okunzulu kwendawo abahlala kuyo, banikwe isodwa ukukhokela ukukhokelwa kwemiqathango yempilo engcono. Ngokuzikhusela kwangaphambili, ukudibana, ukuthetha nabanqandi bentlalo-ntle, nokusebenzisa ulwazi ukukhokela izigqibo, bangenza iimeko ezibangela bonke abemi baphile ubomi obusempilweni. UK ubunzima bokwenyaniso kwaye bunamandla, kodwa ngamathuba athelekisa ezopolitiko, utyalo lwezorhwebo olulungeleleneyo, kunye nentsebenzi bezixeko, i-UK inokuba nempilo, indawo ezithe tyekileyo kubo bonke abababizela emakhaya.