Ibhokisi yebhola yoonobumba ime njengazo zombini iziphumo ezisebenzayo zomsebenzi wedemokhrasi. Kwizigidi zabemi baseMelika, imela eyona ndlela ingqalileyo yokuphembelela inkqubo karhulumente kunye nokhokelo. Ngoxa unyulo lomongameli lusoloko lulawula ingqalelo kawonke-wonke, phakathi kwexesha lonyulo(--iphaphakame phakathi kwegama lomongameli elineminyaka emine elibonisa ukulandelelana. Ukuqonda indlela ibhokisi yebhola ebhayisekile esebenza ngayo kulo mongo, kunye nokhupho lweenkokeli, kunye nokhuseleko loonontlalo, kunika abemi amandla okuphononondisa ivoti yabo ngentembelo nangokucacileyo. Olu khokelo lunika ushwankathelo olubanzi lwebhokisi yokuvota yesigaba sesiqingatha, nendima yebholoti, kunye namanyathelo abalulekileyo abavoti bonke abavoti kufuneka bazi.

Yintoni Imilinganiselo Yokhetho?

Unyulo lwemidter lwenzeka rhoqo kwiminyaka emibini, phakathi kanye konyulo lomongameli. Olu nyulo luqhutywa ngoLwesibini emva koMvulo wokuqala ngoNovemba, njengoko kumiselwe ngumthetho wesizwe. Ngexesha lophakathi, abavoti bonke abangama-435 bakhetha amalungu eNdlu yooMmeli kunye malunga nesithathu seKhathemi ye-100 yelungu (malunga nama-33 okanye 34 kwizihlalo ezixhomekeke kumjikelezo). Ukongeza, unyulo lwamazwe amaninzi abamba unyulo lwe-gabernator, iinstrations, kunye nemilinganiselo yomthetho yoluntu ngosuku olunye. Ngenxa yokuba iimini eziphakathi aziqukiseli umnciphi womongameli, ivote ngaphandle kwemithetho yobupolisanenti (malunga nama-33 okanye 34 esemva kweminyaka yomongameli) kodwa imijikelo yakutshanje iye yabona ulwa ngokuqaphela iimpahla.

Isizathu Sokuba Kube Nengxaki Phakathi Kwezizukulwana

Iziphumo zonyulo oluphakathi kwexesha lonyulo zilolonga ngqo ulungelelwano lwamandla kwiBhunga. Ukutshintsha ulawulo lweNdlu okanye lweNdlu yeNdlu kungachaphazela ngokuphawulekayo imimiselo yowiso-mthetho, ukumiswa kwekomiti yowiso-mthetho, kunye namandla okuvelela. Umzekelo, umongameli ojongene nengxuwa echaswayo angafumana iingcebiso ezivaliweyo okanye eziguquke ngokungqongqo. Ii-midterm zikwanokugqiba ukuba liliphi iqela elilawula ii-gadabi leenqanawa kunye nemithetho yowiso-mthetho, ukupheka, imithetho yokuvota, kunye nemigaqo yomgangatho karhulumente yemfundo, ukunyamekela impilo, kunye nesiseko solawulo. Ngokufutshane, phakathi, azikho “kwiminyaka esemva” unyulo-nyulo; zikwangumsebenzi obalulekileyo wokuba nemithetho efuna ukuphendula nokumisela ulawulo lwelizwe.

Imbali Nemikhwa Yokuguquka Kwezinto

Ujiko lwexesha lexesha langoku lususela kuma-40% ukuya kuma-50% abavoti abafanelekileyo, xa kuthelekiswa nama-60% okanye ngaphezulu kwiminyaka yobungameli. Noko ke, iqondo lonyaka ka-2018 phakathi labona unyuko lusiya phantse kuma-50% , i-afters / ophezulu ngenkulungwane ($) i-driven ngomdla onzulu kwimicimbi efana nowonyango, ukufuduka, kunye nokuqinisekiswa kwezomthetho. Imeko yonyaka engama-202222 ibonise ukuba xa abemi beqonda impembelelo yezi ncalo zonyulo, basenokuba bangenele. Ibhokisi yebhola iba ngumdla wokungena kwimi.

Indima Yebhokisi Yebhola Kwidemokhrasi

Igama elithi “ibhokisi yebhola yoqhaqho-khasi” libhekisela kwisikhongozeli esiphathekayo okanye se-elektroniki apho abavoti bafaka khona izivoti zabo ezigqityiweyo. Uyilo lwayo nembali yayo idityaniswe nendaleko yokuvota kwasese kunye nonyulo. Ukuqonda lendima kunceda abavoti baqonde ukuba kutheni iinkqubo ezijikeleze ibhokisi yokuvota zikho.

Imbali Emfutshane Yebhokisi Yebhola

Iibhola zovote zakuqala ezibhaliweyo eUnited States zazisoloko zilula kwibhokisi evaliweyo . Le nkqubo yayithetha ngokuvakalayo kuwonke-wonke. Ukunyanzela ulwaleko lokoyikisa nokuthenga. Ibhotile yase-Australia, eyaziswa ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19, yaguqula ukuvota ngokunikezela ibhola efanayo eshicilelweyo ngaphakathi kwekhamandela, eyayibekwe kwibhokisi evalelweyo. Le nkqubo iqinisekisa ubumfihlo kunye nokunyaniswa kwenkani. Ibhokisi zale mihla zebhotile ukusuka kwisixhobo sokwenza i-anki esisetyenziswa ekufakeleni iphepha elinophawulwe kwimatshini bokuvota abavota abagcina imibala ngolwimi oluqhelekileyo. Ngoku ezininzi zisebenzisa iibhokisi zebhola zomdlalo eziphumayo kunye neeposi, ezithi zikhuselelwe phantsi kwekhamera kunye neentambo zentsimbi ezikhampatho-ondatha. Injongo ihlala ilungile, kwaye iqala ukuvota ngokukhuselekileyo, de iqalwe ngokubolekisa ngokufihlakeleyo, kwaye iqalwe ngokuzinziswe ngokuzii.

Indlela Esebenza Ngayo Ukhuseleko Lwebhokisi Yebhola

Amanyathelo okhuseleko akhusela ukuthembeka kwebhokisi yebhola ekhatywayo nasemva kwenqanaba ngalinye. Kwiibhodi zephepha, amagosa onyulo abophelela ibhokisi ngamaphawu afihlakeleyo, amanani oonobumba, kwaye ayithuthe rhoqo phantsi kwemiqathango yetsheyina. Iinkqubo ze-elektroniki, i-odoli, iyavavanywa phambi nasemva konyulo, kwaye iindlela zokuhlola amaphepha zigcinwa zikuvumela ukuba kuchazwe. Ukulahla iibhokisi zibekwe endaweni, ziphethwe ziikhamera okanye ngabasebenzi bonyulo, kwaye zikhutshwe rhoqo ngamaqela e-bipartarian. Ezi zikhuselwe ukukhusela ukuqhathamisa ukuvota ngexesha lokhuseleko. Ngokweencwadi ye-[FLT:] U.

Umgaqo Wokuthetha Ngento Efihlakeleyo

Imfihlo yebhola yovote ligumbi lembombo lonyulo lwamanyuko. Ngenxa yokuba amavota engaziwa, abemi bangachaza izikhethelo zabo zokwenyaniso ngaphandle koloyiko lwempindezelo okanye uxinzelelo lwentlalo. Ibhokisi yebholaot (ebonakalayo okanye yamanani) kufuneka icwangciswe ukuze kungabikho mntu onokuqwalasela indlela umntu ovota ngayo. Iivote ziphawula ukhetho lwazo kwidokodo labucala, ze zifake ibhola yokufaka kwibhokisi ngaphandle kweempawu zokuchaza. Lo mgaqo ufakwe kwimithetho karhulumente kwaye ululwahlulo olubalulekileyo kwezinye iindlela zesigqibo. Ngaphandle kokugcina idemokhrasi iza kuba buthathaka ekunyanzeleni nasekunyobiseni.

Indlela Yokuthabatha Inxaxheba Kukhetho Oluphakathi Kwexesha

Ukuthabatha inxaxheba phakathi kwithuba kufuna ukulungiselela. Le nkqubo iyahluka ngokwemeko, kodwa isakhiwo jikelele siyasebenza kulo lonke ilizwe. Ukuthabatha la manyathelo kuqinisekisa ukuba ukhetho lwakho lubhaliwe kwaye lubalwe.

Inyathelo 1: Khangela uze uhlaziye ubhaliso lwemibhobho

Ubhaliso lwexesha olumiselwe unyulo phakathi kwexesha lonyulo lukwientsuku ezili-15 ukuya kwezingama-30 phambi koSuku loNnyulo, kuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho. Amanye amaphondo avumela ukubhaliswa kosuku olunye. Qinisekisa ubume bakho ngoku kwi-website yonyulo karhulumente wakho okanye ngezixhobo ezingezo apartistan njenge . org. Ukuba ushukume, utshintshe igama lakho, okanye ufuna ukuhlaziya unxulumano lwakho (kukodwa ngamaxesha anokuvalwa kwe-pringi), yenza kakuhle kakhulu kumaxesha angaphambili. Abafundi, amalungu emikhosi, kunye nabemi baphesheya kolwandle baneenke ukhetho olongezelelekileyo phantsi koMthetho we-Ventived ne-Aves Aventives Voaventiveting (U-UAVA).

Inyathelo Lesibini: Fumana Indawo Ongcolisa Kuyo Uze Usebenzise Iiyure Zokuchwetheza

Indawo yakho yokukhetha yabelwe ngokusekelwe kwidilesi yakho yokuhlala. Iindawo zokugcona zingatshintsha phakathi konyulo ngenxa yokuvuselelwa okanye imiba eguquguqukayo. Khangela indawo yakho kwiwebsite yonyulo karhulumente wakho okanye ngombhanya-bhanya wesizwe kwi USA.gov. Izingqubano zidla ngokuvulwa ukusuka ku 7 a.m. ukuya ku 8 p.m., nangona amaxesha ayahluka. Qinisekisa ukuba iiyure zinokufika emva kokuvala. Ukuba ulapha emgceni phambi kokuva, unelungelo lokuvota.

Inyathelo 3: Ziqonde Iindlela Onokuthetha Ngazo

Abami bangavota ngenye yeendlela ezintathu: kwi-person ngoSuku lokhetho, ekuqaleni kovota, okanye ngeposi (uvota obekiweyo). Uvotelo lwangaphambili lukhona kumazwe amaninzi kwaye luqala iiveki ezimbini ukuya kwezine phambi komhla wokhetho. Uvotelo lweposi luyanda, namazwe amaninzi ngokuthumela iibhola zomvote ezibhalisiweyo kubo bonke abavoti. Ukuba ukhetha iposi evoti yakho, uyicela kwangoko, uyizalise kakuhle, kwaye uyibuyise ngeposi (iveki ezimbini ukuya kwezine ngaphambi kosuku lokhetho okanye ngokuyifaka kwibhokisi ephoswayo ekhuselekileyo. Bala ukuba imeko yakho inikela loo khetho. Lumvote ukuba amanye amagunya ayafuna ukungabhati okanye ukunikela ubungqina ngenxa yokungekho kwebhola.

Inyathelo lesi - 4: Lungiselela Ukwazi Okuchanileyo

Imithetho ye Voter ID yahlukile ngaphaya kwamatyala. Eminye ifuna i-ID yefoto (iphepha-mvume lomfula, ipasipo esangaphandle), eminye ivuma uxwebhu olungelulo i-photo (uxwebhu lwe-glock, isibonelelo se-unity), kwaye embalwa ayinayo imfuneko ye-ID konke konke. Khangela imithetho yengingqi yakho ngaphambi kwexesha. Ukuba awunayo i-ID efunekayo, amazwe amaninzi anika i-id yamavoti yamahala okanye akuvumela ukuba utyikitye i-affidavit. Ukuphatha i-ID elungileyo kuthintela ukubaleka okanye imibandela ye-ompempeta.

Inyathelo 5: Hlola Umnqongo wakho Wesithinteli

Phambi kokungena kwidolophu, uphando ngomlinganiselo wokufumana kunye nowokulungisa. Iisampuli zonyulo zidla ngokupapashwa kwilizwe lakho okanye kwiwebhsayithi yonyulo iiveki phambi konyulo. Ukuzifundisisa kukunceda wenze ukhetho olunolwazi kwaye ukhawulezise inkqubo yokuvota. Phatha ingqalelo ukugweba imibuzo yokuzinza, umanyano lwe-tempsums, kunye neziphelo zomgaqo-siseko ezisoloko zivela kwiibhola zomjelo. Ii-mali zonyulo olufana no- Balpedia kunye noManyano lwaManyano oWomen Voters zinika ulwazi olunenjongo.

Isitshixo sokuqwalasela Isandi Esingenisiweyo Esiphakathi

Ngaphandle kokungathethi ngezakhono, ukuba nenxaxheba ngolwazi kufuna ukuqonda imibandela kunye nomongo wonyulo. Unyulo lweMidterm lubonisa amandla akhethekileyo ahlukileyo kwiminyaka yobungameli.

Uphando Neengxaki

Qalisa neeofisi ezichaphazela ubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla ngqo: indlu yowiso-mthetho, indlu yowiso-mthetho, irhuluneli, igqwetha, umbhali jikelele, unobhala wesizwe (osoloko evelela unyulo), kunye nebhodi yesikolo yasekuhlaleni. Hlola ingxelo yokuvota, iingxelo zikawonke-wonke, kunye neeplatfomu zephulo. Qaphela ukuthelekisa ubuchule bokulawula, uxanduva, imbopheleleko yempatho, kunye nokuziphatha. Umthetho weBhalotlbalot-aders okanye isalathisi som, `````aced'''''. Funda ulwimi olupheleleyo lomlinganiselo ngamnye, hayi nje ushwankathelo. W105 kunye nomthetho osemthethweni uvavanyayo oluthembekileyo. Inkcazelo yemithetho ephakathi kwimithombo emininzi yokuphepha.

Ukwahlula isiZwe kukhetho lwangaphakathi

Unyulo lwemidterm maxa wambi lufakwa njenge-parenteum kumongameli ohleliyo. Ngelixesha imicimbi yesizwe iphembelela ukuziphatha kwabavoti, ii-ofisi zommandla kunye norhulumente zinempembelelo engaphandle kwimfundo, ezothutho, ezobupolisa, kunye nokusetyenziswa komhlaba. Umzekelo, iinntlanga zowiso-mthetho zigqiba ukuqokelela iimaphu, ukumeleka kokudityaniswa kwengqungquthela kwengingqi elandelayo. Amagosa ephondo ajonge iindawo zokuvota kunye nokubala. Ukufikelela komgangatho olungeleleneyo . //* Ukunikela ingqalelo kuwo onke amanqanaba karhulumente, ukuvota kwakho kwenza i-protoliki yakho ibe yi-projective.

Ukuqonda Imiphumo Yokuzihambela

Ngenxa yokuba ukujika kwexesha lobupolisa kusezantsi kunakwiminyaka yobungangameli, ivoti nganye ithwala ubunzima obuninzi ngokwemilinganiselo. Ukutshintshana okuncinci ekungeneleni kungajijela izihlalo okanye kugqibe iziphumo zemilinganiselo esondeleyo. Ngokuchaseneyo, ukurhoxa okusezantsi kudla ngokuba luncedo lwakudala, abavoti abangaphezulu. Imigudu yokwandisa ukujika kolutsha nokuvota kwixesha lobupotimenti, igxininisa ukuba ukuba inxaxheba ngumthwalo wesizwe oyandisa ngaphaya konyulo lomongameli. Amaqela afana no [FLT: 0] iBrennan iziko zeJaji yeJaji yeJaji [[ ingxelo yokuba izixhobo zokuvota kunye nolwazi olucacileyo zinciphisa imiqobo.

Ukulwa Nenkcazelo Ephosakeleyo

Inguqulelo ephosakeleyo ngemihla yokuvota, ubhaliso, kunye nokhuseleko lwebhokisi yebhola iyanda kwi-intanethi. Ngamaxesha onke qinisekisa ulwazi kwiofisi yonyulo karhulumente, ewumthombo onegunya. Yiba namathanda kwiincwadi ezingacelwanga okanye kwimibutho yezentlalo-ntle ekhuthaza ukuba uvote ngomyalezo weposi okanye kumhla ophosakeleyo. Amakhonkco athenjiweyo aphela okanye asuka kwimimiselo esunguliweyo yendaba kunye nemibutho engathanga-paratistan. Ukuba into ibonakala ingxamisekile okanye ingxamisekile, yima uze uhlole umthombo wesibini. Khumbula ukuba ngumatshini woko /ifomatilthi okanye i-mforekto kumatshini osemthethweni.

Impembelelo Yonyulo Oluphakathi Kwexesha

Iziphumo zonyulo phakathi kwexesha lonyulo zihlahlela kuwo onke amasebe karhulumente. Ulawulo lweBhunga lumisela ummiselo wemithetho kwiminyaka emibini elandelayo, kuquka ukukwazi ukudlulisa uqingqo-mali, ukuva iingcinga, ukuqinisekisa iijaji, kunye nokukhupha i-vetoes. Iziphumo zemeko-mgangatho ziphembelela imithetho yokuqhoqhoqhola, ukuvota, ukuvota, ukusetyenziswa kwemali, kunye nenkxaso yemfundo. Isihlalo esinye seBhunga leNtlangatha singenza isigqibo sonyuso somthetho esichaphazela ukumiswa kolawulo okuhlala kusekho konke konke. Ngenxa yezi zizathu, iimini azikho “ezi ezibaluleke kakhulu”.[1] [iziphumo eziphakathi zikhangela ngamaxesha onke kwisebe eliphetheyo, ukuvota, ukuvota, ukusetyenziswa kwendlela yokuphinda kungenelwe, kunye nemali yemfundo yolawulo lolawulo.

Iingqikelelo Nolungelelwano Olusebenzayo

Inkqubo yokuhlola nokulinganisela e-U.S. ixhomekeke kulawulo olwahlulweyo. Unyulo lwaphakathi lunika inkqubo yomgaqo-siseko ukwenzela ukuba abavoti balungise ulungelelwano ukuba omnye umbutho ulawule kakhulu. Umzekelo, xa iqela lomongameli libamba omabini amagumbi, abavoti basembindini bangathumela umyalezo wokuphendula. Ngokuphikisanayo, xa inkcaso ilawula iBhunga, amaphakathi anokuqinisa okanye anciphise inkcaso. Le mpembelelo iqinisekisa ukuba akukho sebe lisebenza ngaphandle kokulihlolisisa. Ukuqonda esi siseko kunceda abavoti bavoti bajonge ukubaluleka okubalulekileyo kwe-coloot.

Imeko kunye noxanduva lwangaphakathi

Unyulo lwaphakathi lukwamisela iinqanawa zolawulo, ezilawula igunya kumthetho karhulumente kunye nokulawula ukusabela kwintlekele, inkqubo yemfundo, kunye namanyathelo ezempilo kawonke-wonke. Izindlu zowiso-mthetho zikarhulumente zingabiza iindibano zomgaqo-siseko okanye zimisele iziphumo. Iikomishini zamaphondo namabhunga esixeko asingatha ukuhlanganiswa kweendawo, uqingqo-mali, kunye nerhafu yasekuhlaleni. Ezi zihlalo ngokufuthi zinokungamkeli kakhulu abavoti kodwa zinegalelo elikhulu lemihla ngemihla.

Isiphelo

Ibhokisi yebhola yonyulo ingaphezulu kunebhokisi yokuvota neyokuvota , yiyo ebonakalisa ulawulo lwedemokhrasi. Unyulo lwaphakathi lunika bonke abami abafanelekileyo ithuba lokubumba ikhondo lohlanga, ukusuka kwiiholo zeKhontrala ukuya kwibhodi yesikolo yasekuhlaleni. Ngokuqonda umjikelo wonyulo, ukulungiselela ukubhalisa nokuchaza, ukuphanda kunye nemibandela, kwaye ukwamkela amanyathelo okhuseleko akhusela inkqubo yonyulo, abavoti, abavoti bangasondela kwibhokisi yebholathi ngentembelo. Impilo yedemokhrasi yaseMelika ixhomekeke kwiqumrhu, isaziso, kwaye ikhusele ukuba nenxaxheba. Xa abemi bebanda kwibhokisi yonyulo-bhalo bazalisekisa isithembiso sayo njengesixhobo sokuphendula nokuphendula.