IQela lobuKomanisi laseJapan (JCP) belisoloko lihleli kwilizwe elikwinkulungwane, likhuthaza ubusoshiyali, ubudlelane, kunye nokusesikweni kwentlalo. Phezu kwako nje ukuba ligunye ixesha elide, iqela alizange likwazi ukuphakamisa igunya lesizwe kwaye lisoloko libekwe kwimida yenkqubo yezobupolitika elawulwa yiLiberal Democratic Party (LDP). Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, isimo sezobupolitika saseJapan siye saya kuhambela phambili, ngelinye i-LDP i-P iqinisa igunya lalo phantsi kwegunya lePrimesters Shinzo Abe kunye neFimio Kish. Oku kukhula kweLiteraism kunyakathoba kunyakathotyelwe kumgangatho ophezulu wokuzinzonzo lwesizwe, kwaye kumele ukusetyenziswa kwemeko yezobupolitika, kwaye kuchazwe ngokuthe kokugqibela kwemeko-magente yezopolitiko.

Imbali Yeqela LamaKomanisi LaseJapan

Iqalwe ngowe-1922, i-JCP inembali ende nedla ngokuphithizela. Ivalelwe kwaye yacinezelwa ngexesha langaphambi kwemfazwe, iqela labuyela emva kwemfazwe yehlabathi II phantsi komsebenzi womanyano. Ngexesha lemfazwe yasemva kwemfazwe, lamkela iqonga “lentlukelo yoxolo” kunye nenkcaso kwiU.S. uKhuselo lwaseJapan. Ngoo1960 no1970, iJCP yakha isiseko sotyaniwaluvo oluluvo oluluvolo phakathi kweminyanzelo, abafundi, kunye neenkcubathane, kwaye yaba liqela elikhulu elisekhohlo elikhoyo eJapan. Noko ke, ukuwa kweSoviet Union ngo1992 ngonyaka kwathetha isithothotho, ikhokelela kwingxoxo yangaphakathi kunye nokuthamba kwentetho esezantsi. Namhlanje, uJCPP igcina ubukhokhozi obuthoza: izihlalo kwizindlu ezingama-44441, kunye noodhdmi zika-20 (odmist) zikarhulumente ezimbalwa zikaJanube zikaJanuwariverini zikaJanuwa-20) ezisebenzayo kwi

Ukunyuka KobuConservatism EJapan

Ilungelo lezobupolitika laseJapan belinyuke ngaphezu kweminyaka elishumi. I-LDP, elawula phantse ukususela ngo-1955, iye yasuka kwiCentristaism Survatis isiya kwi-operarist yobuzwe ne-ast yolungiso. Abaqhubi abaphambili baquka:

  • Uhlaziyo lweConstialitunial: ILDP ibisoloko ifuna iGama le-antemp 9 lomGaqo-siseko, elilahla imfazwe kwaye elithintela ugcino lwemikhosi exhobileyo. Iinguqu ezicetyisiweyo zizakuwamkela ngokusesikweni amaGaqo-ewe-ewe-Defensi, ukushukuma kweJCP ngokugqugqisa njengokuqhawulwa kokuxolisa.
  • umthetho wokhuseleko lwesizwe: Ngonyaka ka-2015, urhulumente uAbe wadlulisa amatyala okhuseleko awathi achaza kwakhona umGaqo-siseko ukuvumela imikhosi yamaJapan ukuba izidibanise kunye namahlakani aphesheya. IJCP, kunye namanye amabutho aqhubela phambili, alungiselela imibhiyozo emikhulu, kodwa imithetho yamiselwa noko.
  • Ubuzwe obudibeneyo: Phantsi kwe-“Abenomics,” urhulumente wasukela umxube wokuzola, ifuthe-phulo lemali, kunye notshintsho lwesakhiwo. Ngelixesha ezinye iinguqu zaziyindawo yentengiso, ezinye] ezifana nohlolo olungqongqo lwemali yamazwe angaphandle, olubonisa inkxalabo yesizwe ngokhuseleko lwezoqoqosho.
  • I-Sucticism yokulondoloza indalo: kwimibandela efana nokulingana kwe-i-ini, i-LGBTQ, kunye nokufuduka, i-LDP’s sihlala silumkile okanye sibambelele kwimithetho yentlalo. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, i-JCP ibingumxhasi ovakalayo wemigaqo-nkqubo yentlalo eqhubekekayo.

Ezi zimo ziye zaqiniswa yimeko ebuthathaka yamaqela enkcaso aseJapan. IDidemocratic Party, eyakha yaba ngumceli omkhulu we-LDP, yahlulwa yaza yawa, ishiya i-JCP njengenye yezimbalwa ezingezizo. Kodwa uluntu luye lwayamkela kakhulu iingcebiso zeLDP, ingakumbi kwimicimbi yokhuseleko nezoqoqosho. Iingqungquthela zibonisa ukuba nangona amaJapan amaninzi engakuthandi ukuphinda acetyiswa ngomgaqo-siseko, uninzi ngoku lwamkela iMikhosi ye-Uzi - Sedwa-Defensene njengesiseko. Oku kwamkeleka kakhulu kukonakalisa omnye wemiba yesiseko ka-JCP.

Ngokungakumbi kwindaleko yengqondo yakutshanje yeLDP, bona eli Bhunga likwindawo engasemva ye-Many Relations[[FLT: 1]].

Inkqubo yobuchule kunye nempembelelo yayo kwiindawo ezincinane

Iimeko zokwakha zandisa ucelomngeni olujamelene neJCP. Inkqubo yokunyula yaseJapan yeNdlu yabameli idibanisa izihlalo ezingama-289 ezizimeleyo ezizimeleyo (ezingaphambili-kanye) nezihlalo zolwahlulo ezizi - 176 ezilungeleleneyo kwimimandla eli-11 yengingqi. Iingingqi ezizimeleyo zolwahlulo-manani ezixhasa amaqela amakhulu, ingakumbi i-LDP, enokukhusela izihlalo ezininzi kunye nevoti eninzi yesizwe. Amaqela amancinci afana neJCP azama ukuphumelela izihlalo zesithili; uninzi lwezihlalo zawo luvela kumelo olulungelelanisiweyo. Ngonyaka wama-2021, iJCP yazuza kuphela isitulo esinye sesithili sinye. Inkqubo ikhuthaza ukuvota okuninzi okuvota okungalayishiweyo okusuka ekhohlo-okisa ibhombulo ye-okisi ye-Didemocticism (ection Umbutho onamandla kakhulu we-DP) kunokuba ivotivelse i-JCP)

Ukuguqula inkqubo yonyulo kusoloko kusenziwa gwenxa kodwa kusukelo olukude lwezobupolitika. I-JCP ixhase ukutshintshela kwinkqubo yomelo olupheleleyo, kodwa oku kuya kufuna inkxaso ye-LDP, nto leyo engenakwenzeka. Isakhiwo sangoku sinyanzela i-JCP ukuba ikhuphisane neCDP kwezinye iindawo okanye i-aa ebangele ukhuphiswano lwangaphakathi. Kukhetho lwasekuhlaleni, u-JCP iphumelela kakuhle, impumelelo yezithuba zoomatiloshe kwizixeko ezimbalwa nezihlalo ezininzi kwindibano ze-PPP, kodwa impembelelo yesizwe ekwimigangatho ephezulu ihlala ingekho lula.

Ucelomngeni Olujamelene Ne - JCP

Iingxaki

Njengoko kuphawuliwe, i-JCP ibamba malunga ne-2.6% yezihlalo zabameli, isandi esisuka kwincopho yezihlalo ezingama-39 ngo1979. Isabelo sayo sokuvota siye sancipha ukusuka ngaphezu kwe 10% ngo-1990 ukuya malunga nama-7% kunyulo lwakutshanje. Isiseko seqela lolwaluko lokwaluphala; abavoti abaselula bathanda iCDP okanye amaqela amancinane engingqi. Inkqubo yonyulo idibana nendawo ehlala ngamanani aqhelekileyo kumajelo eendaba.

Umgaqo-nkqubo

IJCP ihlala ixhotyiswe ngamaqumrhu emfazwe yomlomo. AmaJapan amaninzi amadala alinganisa ubukhomanisi nobukhomphyutha, ukuqonda okuqiniswe ziinkumbulo zeSoviet systrian neNorth Korea. Igama elisemthethweni liquka igama elithi “umkhomanisi,” elineentsingiselo ezinamandla kwilizwe apho ubukhapitali kunye nemilinganiselo engqongqo yamaxabiso aqhelekileyo ingenamdla ngokubanzi. IJCP iye yasebenza ngokwayo njengegunya lale mihla le-democratic , ngoku yamkela uqoqosholo lwemarike kwaye ixhasa inkqubo exubileyo. Uvavanyo lubonisa ukuba isahlulo esibalulekileyo somvoti wovoti-mkeli-mbutho, kungakhathaliseki ukuba yiqonga iqonga.

Ukubekwa Kwenkqubo Kwintsimi Ezaliswe Luxinaniso

IJCP isendaweni eyahlukileyo kuzo zombini iCDP (phakathi ekhohlo) kunye neReiwa Shinsengumi encinci (uluhlu lwasekhohlo). Iinkqubo zayo ezingundoqo ziquka: ukuchasana ne-CDP, i-U.S.-Japan kunye nemfuneko yentlalo-ntle yeJapan; ukuxhathisa uhlomelo lwemithetho-siseko; ukuxhasa irhafu ephezulu kwimibutho etyebileyo nemibutho; umnatha onamandla wokhuseleko lwentlalo-ntle; kunye nokuzinzisa okusingqongileyo. Noko ke, ezi ndawo zinxulumene ngokuphawulekayo neCDP, zinyanzelela iJCP ukuba zizidibanise kwimibani enkulu okanye kwimibani eqinileyo ekwimbalini engundoqo.[8] Isivumelwano solawulo oluphambili lwezikhundla lolawulo.

Ubuthathaka Bentlangano Nelungu Liyancipha

Njengamaqela amaninzi amakomanisi ehlabathini lonke, i-JCP ibone ukuncipha kwamalungu ayo. Amanani asemthethweni abonisa malunga ne-270,000-ehla ukusuka kuma-40 000 kwiminyaka yee-1990. Eli qela lixhomekeke kakhulu kwiphephandaba lalo, Shimbun Akahatata], ukunxibelelana nabaxhasi kunye nokuvelisa ingeniso. Kodwa njengoko i-JCP ingenamandla okuxhasa i-JCP, isenza intsebenziswano kunye namaphulo. Okwangoku, iqela alinazo izinxulumani ezinzulu zezoshishino ezinanwabisayo i-LDP, kwaye izibophelelo zalo ziye zaphelelwa ngumbutho wemisebenzi yempatho waseJapan. Ngaphandle kokuba i-JCP i-ocevcelce lingena kwiqela le-grookist.

Ukuvulela Amathuba Okusebenzisa IJCP

Ukukhula Kwemibutho Yasekuhlaleni

Phezu kwako nje ukuphambuka okungatshintshiyo, iJapan iye yabona ukubuya kwe-scroot rousism kwimiba ehambisana ne-JCP. Ukulwa okuchasene nokhuseleko-bill ngo- 2015 kwatsalela amakhulu amawaka ezitratweni, ulwakhiwo olunika amandla abantu. Ngokukhawuleza, intsebenziswano zeLGBTQ zokulingana (umz., amaphulo omtshato alinganayo), isenzo semozulu (iixesha elizayo laseJapan), kunye nomlinganiselo wesini ngokwesini (unyaka we-#Kutoo nxamnye nesithende esiphezulu) ufumene igatya. I-JCPH ixhase ezi zizathu, kwaye isebenza njengentsebenzi yezopoliti yezothutho zokuphelo.

Ukungalingani Okunengeniso Nenkxalabo Ngezoqoqosho

Ukungahambelani kwezoqoqosho eJapan, okuqukunjelwe yi-COVID-19 egqunywe yisifo esimandundu kunye namaxabiso anyukayo, kuye kwandisa ukungalingani. Ngoxa iGinicondation esemthethweni ihlala isesilinganisweni, imivuzo yokwenene ingekakhuli ngamashumi eminyaka, kwaye inani labasebenzi abangeyonxalenye yexeshana nelokwexeshana) liye lanyuka lafikelela ku-40% yamandla omqeshwa. Iqonga leJCP lokunyusa umvuzo omncinci, ukomeleza ukhuseleko lwentlalo, kunye nokuhlawula abantu abafumileyo kunye nemibutho etsala inzala eninzi enzima. Ukuba ukunganeliseki kwezoqoqosho kuyaqhubeka, njengoko kuye kwahambela phambili kwi-Rodevieswo yomkhosi wesizwe, i-JCPPF kungenza ukhuthulo oluphezulu olusuka kwigosayo.

Ukunganeliseki noLawulo oluzizizo

I-LDP ijongene nothotho lweziphakamiso, kuquka uhlolo lwemali oluthi lwama-2023-2024 lokonakalisa igama leqela. Ngoxa i-LDP isaphumelela kunyulo, ivoti incitshile, kwaye abaninzi bavakalisa ukunganeliseki ngemeko yezopolitiko. Okunene, ukuxhasa i-LDP phakathi kwabatsha abavoti ithambise, ngohlolisiso olubonisa ukuvuleka okukhulayo kokutsala ngasekhohlo. Ukuba intlola i-JCP iphucula, i-JCP ingangenelwa kulwa nonyulo lwe-LDP, njenge CDP ekwenze kunyulo lwangowe 2009 (nangokuba urhulumente kamva wawa).

Unqabiseko Nemozulu Yamazwe Ngamazwe

Imibutho yomhlaba wonke yemo yemozulu kunye nokulingana kwebutho labantu ingakhuthaza ubuchule basekuhlaleni. IJCP igxininise umanyano lwehlabathi lonke ngokwembali, kwaye namhlanje inenxaxheba kwimibutho enjenge-Asia-Pacificial Treaty Organization kunye neNtlangano yezizwe ngezizwe yeKhomanisi kunye ne-Paries. Ngoxa ii-intanethi ezinjalo zinempembelelo encinci kunyuso lwamaJapan, zinika ukhuthazo kunye nokufundiswa kwemiqathango enqamlezileyo. Ngaphezu koko, iJapan ijongene nomngcipheko onzima wemozulu . . . . . . . . . . umphakamo wolwandle, umphakamo, unyuke, kwaye i-LDP.

Xa ufuna ukujonga ngokunzulu inkqubo yemozulu yaseJapan, bona le Mpuma Asia Forum uhlalutyo

Iindlela ezicwangcisiweyo ze-JCP

Ukusebenzisa amathuba kunye nokunciphisa imingeni, iJCP kufuneka isebenzise ubuchule obucacileyo, obujonge phambili. Iindlela eziliqela ziyafumaneka, kwaye iqela liza kufuneka lilandele izihlandlo ezininzi.

Ukubuyiselwa koMgaqo-nkqubo kunye nokwenziwa kwale Micimbi

Inyathelo elicacileyo lelinye elibhekele phaya lendlela yokusebenza. I-JCP ingacinga ukulahla igama elithi “communist” ukusuka kwigama layo `linye ingcamango yangaphakathi'. Ngoxa iqela lixhathise, liyijonga njengomqobo, iingenelo eziluncedo zokuphinda zinokuba zinqilima. Nangona ngaphandle kotshintsho lwegama, i JCP ingabalaselisa imithetho yalo yentlalo-demokhrasi kunye nemekobume yalo kunokuba lifake isibheno sayo sobuMarx. Inkoko Tamura kunye noSectaria Head Akirakike sele ifumene uthungelwano olufikelelekayo lukawonke-wonke. Ukuqhubeka oku kusetyenziswa kwezindululo zemithetho yentlalo-sombululo-demo-moya.

Ukwakha Izivumelwano Nentsebenziswano

Inikwe inkqubo yokukhetha, i-JCP ayinakuphumelela yodwa. Izame ngentsebenziswano: ukusuka ngo-2016 ukuya ku-2021, i-JCP kunye neCDP elungelelanisiweyo kwisithili ezininzi ezikwilungu elinye ukwandisa ivoti. Noko ke, inkxalabo yavela, kwaye i-JCP, ulwakhiwo lufuna umlinganiselo othe ngxingileyo: kufuneka igxininise ukubonakala kwayo okucacileyo ngelixa ingabophiliyo. Imodeli enokwenzeka yileyase Italy, apho iQelathingi elifunyenweyo lisebenza phakathi komdibaniso othe kwicala elisekhohlo. EJapan, i-JCPCP ingenza ulungelelaniso oluthe ngqo ne-Didemocratic Party, neqela elilungele ukuvumelana kwiqonga eliphakathi. Elinjalo linokuphumelela ukuphumelela kwimiqobo lokufumana i-200-ptoliki ye-P.

Ukuncedisa Ubutsha Nobuchule Bokusebenzisa Amanani

AmaJapan aselula ayalwalwa ngokukhulayo kwezobupolitika zesithethe, kodwa asebenza kwi-intanethi. I-JCP inobukho kuX (owayebizwa ngokuba yiTwitter), i-YouTube, ne-TikTok, kodwa ubuchule bayo bobugcisa bungaqhubeki bulandela intshukumo zepopulist njenge Reiwa Shinsengumi, esebenzisa i-internetic mes kunye nabathathi-nxaxheba. IJCP ingafaka imali kubantu abaselula abathethayo, ivelise oko kwanelisa imicimbi efana nemali yemali yomfundi, nexabiso lezindlu, kunye nemisebenzi yemozulu, kwaye ihlakulele uluntu kwingingqi yengingqi. Ngaphezu koko, iqela lingavuselela iphiko lwalo lutsha ([[FLT:] [FLD]] [FLD1]) abafundi abasandul ’ ukufumana abafundi bemfundo.

Ukujolisa Urhulumente Wasekuhlaleni Njengomboniso

I-JCP ngoku ilawula malunga nezihlalo zendibano zasekuhlaleni ezingama-340 kunye neqaqobana lee-ofisi zoomatiloshe (umz., kwezinye iigumbi zeTokyo nakwizixeko ezincinane). Ezi ndawo zivumela iqela ukuba libonise ezona ziphambili kwinkqubo yalo xa lisenza uphando oluphezulu. /Iindawo zokutyela abantwana ngemini ezikhululekileyo, ukusetyenziswa kwabantwana, ukubonakala kokuchitha imali. Ngokuqokelela nokubhengeza la mabali empumelelo, i-JCP ingakha udumo ngobuchule, ulawulo olujongeneembono zoluntu olulwahlula isidima sobuphenguluko. Ulo lwasekuhlaleni lukwanika umbhobho wabantwana abatha be-ofisi yesizwe.

Imizekelo Yekamva

Kuxhomekeka kwindlela ezidlala ngayo izinto ezingaphakathi nezingaphandle, ikamva leJCP linokuthabatha iitratotories eziliqela.

Imizekelo etshintsha-tshintshayo: Ukwenziwa komda okuqhubekekayo

Ukuba i-JCP iyasilela ukwenza i-CP esetyenziswa ngokutsha, i-LDP igcina ulawulo lwayo, kwaye i-CDP idibanisa umbindi-ngasekhohlo, i-JCP inganciphisa ngokubhekele phaya. Ubalo lwayo lwesihlalo lungawela kumanani amanani athile kwi House, kwaye impembelelo yayo ingadibana kwiinqaba ezimbalwa zasekuhlaleni. Kulo mzekelo, iqela liba yi-vantswana yengqondo kuphela ngoncedo oluncinci lwabanyuli, ngokulingana neqela lobuKomanisi leBrithathi Enkulu emva koo1980.

Imeko Elungeleleneyo: Ukuzinza njengomdlali

Ngokuphinda iphinde isebenzise ngokukhethayo, i-JCP inokugcina umgangatho wayo wangoku womelo (10-15 yezihlalo) ize ihlale iyilizwi lokukhuthaza intlalo-ntle kunye nokusesikweni kwentlalo. Iya kwenza njengeqela eliqhankqalazayo eliphembelela ukuphikisana kwemibutho kodwa lingaze lingene kurhulumente.

Imeko Eqinisekileyo: Incomela Njengenxalenye Yecala Elibanzi Lasekhohlo

Ukuba i-JCP iphumelela ekulawuleni urhulumente wamanxeba, yenza umnqongo ohlala ixesha elide neCDP kunye namanye amabutho aqhubela phambili, kwaye isebenzisa ukungoneliseki kwezoqoqosho kunye nemekobume, ingaphinda-phindeka kabini okanye izihlalo zayo eziphindwe kathathu. Kule meko, i-JCP iza kuba liqabane elincinci kurhulumente osekhohlo ojikelezayo. Eli xesha lokuqala eliqela liye lathatha inxaxheba kulawulo lwaseburhulumenteni ukususela ngoo1940. Oku bekuya kufuna ingqeqesho equbisayo kunye neemeko ezintle zangaphandle (umz., isiphazamiso esikhulu se-LDP, ukudodobala kwezoqoqosho). Amathuba anokuba lide, kodwa imbali yeJapan ayizange ikwazi ukungenzeki; imbali yasemva kwemfazwe yamazwe aseJapan yabona ilawula ngokufutshane i-CDP ngo19949, kunye ne-democractic amaqela asekuhlaleni aye akhokela eTaiwan, eMzantsi Korea, namazwe amaninzi aseYurophu.

Isiphelo

IQela lobuKomanisi laseJapan limi kwindawo yokwahlula. Imeko yezobupolitika engaqhelekanga, inkqubo yonyulo eqinileyo, kunye nehlazo elingapheliyo liyimiqobo. Kodwa ukulingana kwemilinganiselo yezoxolo, imozulu, ukudodobala, ukuncipha kwenani labantu, kunye nokudideka kukawonke wonke ngenxa yemo-mo-mntraka. Okuye kwakhuthaza imikhosi etsala inxele phambili kwezinye idemokhrasi kusel-demokhrasi kusenophembelela eJapan. Ikamva likaJCP lixhomekeke ekuzimiseleni kwalo ngaphandle kokulahla imilinganiselo yalo, ukulingana, nokusesikweni. Ukuba inokwenza umfanekiso wayo, ibumbane, kwaye iba linelizwi elinamandla lesizukulwana esitsha, lingasindanga kuphela kodwa liqhubekeki. Ukuba libambelele ngokungqongqo kwizinto zalo zexesha elidluleyo, liya kuzakunyamalala kumgangatho wezobupolitika. Ukhetho, ekugqibeleni, luhlala namalungu amaqela eezigidini afuna ulawulo olude.

Ukufundwa okubhekele phaya ngendaleko yezobupolitika yaseJapan kunye nendima yeJCP, bona uhlalutyo lwamaJaphani kunye .com ukuqwalaselwa kwamaqela aphikisayo.