Ukwamkelwa okusemthethweni komtshato ofanayo kumela enye yezona inguqulelo zibalulekileyo zentlalo ekhoyo, neziphumo ezichaphazela impilo entle eziya phambili ngaphaya kommandla wamalungelo abantu. Kubantu abangoogxa babasebenzi bempilo-ntle, ulwandiso lwamalungelo omtshato ngokuchanekileyo luye lwaguqula indlela yokulwa nokwakhiwa kwamaphulo empilo e-LGBTQ+. Unxulumano phakathi kwemeko esemthethweni, ukubonakala kwentlalo, kunye neziphumo zempilo zinkulu. Xa abantu bekhatywa ilungelo lokutshata, bakhutshelwa ngaphandle kweququzelo elingundoqo lokufumana amalungelo oluntu, bakhutshwa kwilungiselelo elingundoqo lokufumana ukufikelela kwimpilo, ukumanyana kwemali, ukumanyana kwezentenga, kunye nenkxaso yentlalo-ntle ekhoyo kumazwe amaninzi, ngokunempumelelo kukhuthazwe ngokufanelekileyo kwimiqobo kwempilo ekhoyo. Le ngxelo ihlola indlela amalungelo omtshato alungele ngayo ukuhla kwempilo kawonke wonke, inqandanda ukukhusela inkcuka, ukukhusela ekuthintela ekuthintela abantu, nokuthothothothothoza ilwna kwempilo, i-ntle

Isiseko: Ukusuka Kwisigqibo Sokwakha Ukuya Kukhuseleko Olusemthethweni

Phambi kokuba umlinganiselo womtshato uxhaphake, imigudu yempilo kawonke-wonke ehlasela iLGBTQ+ abantu balapho banyanzeleka ukuba bakhusele imeko yabo. Ingxaki ye-HIV/AIDS yeminyaka yee- 1980 kunye neyowe-1990 isebenza njengomzekelo ocacileyo woko kwenzekayo xa abantu bekhutshwe ngokucwangcisiweyo kwimibutho esemthethweni neyoluntu. Ukungabikho kwamalungelo omtshato kwadibanisa intlekele yobhubhani. Amaqabane afanayo anyanzelelwa ukutyelelwa esibhedleleni, ukulwa kwegunya lezamayeza, ukumisela i-inshorensilensi ephezulu. Oku kwabangela ukuphelelwa kwethemba phakathi kwe-LGBTQ nabantu ngabanye kunye nenkqubo yokunyamekela impilo. Amaphulo oluntu asebenza kakhulu ayeqhutywa yimibutho elungele ukulwa nokungakhathalelwa kwentlalo-ntle yoluntu. Imfazwe yokulwa kwegunya lasekunene, noko kulungiselelwa, ukulungiselela ukwakhiwa kwemeko olunamandla, ukusetyenziswa kwemeko olukhoyo lophandleko, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwempilo.

Umtshato Njengokungaqiniseki Kwempilo

IWorld Health Organization ichaza ukunqanda impilo ngokweemeko apho abantu bazalelwa khona, bekhula, bephila, besebenza kunye nobudala. Ukufakwa kwasemthethweni kwezi zinto zomtshato kudibanise izihlandlo ezininzi ngaxeshanye. Inika isiseko esisemthethweni sokuqaphela ukuba intsebenziswano ixhomekeke ngamandla kwiziphumo ezingcono zempilo. Uphando lubonisa ukuba abantu abatshatileyo bafumana imilinganiselo ephantsi yodandatheko, amanqanaba aphezulu okuthintela, kunye nozinzo lwezoqoqosho olungaphezulu. Inika ezi ingenelo ku LGBTQ+ izibini ezithelelwa kumalungelo omtshato zijongene nesizathu esingundoqo sempilo esukrula ingcambuzo yempilo. Ngokugcina uxabiso elingokwasemthethweni, abaxhasi bezezonyango okanye abasebenzi bezonyango abanokukwazi ukunikezela ngemeko oluphezulu. I-LT, ekwakukhuthaza ukushukuma abantu abangokwasemthethweni, ukushukuma kwemeko oluthe kumntu omnye kumthetho womthetho womthetho osemthethweni. [F.N.N.1]

IXesha langaphambi kobuLunga: Ilifa lesikeyiki

Ukuqonda impembelelo yamalungelo omtshato kufuna ukuvuma ifuthe eliyingozi lexesha langaphambi komgangatho. Kangangamashumi eminyaka, uphando lwempilo kawonke-wonke kunye namaphulo alwahlula ulwalamano olufanayo lobufanayo. I-DSM) yahlula ubufanasini njengengxaki yengqondo de kwangowe-1997, kwaye le mbali yokuchaphazeleka okubangelwa kukungathembani okunzulu. Ukusetyenziswa kwempilo kawonke-wonke ngokuqhelekileyo kwakusoloko kugqalwa njengokwahlulela okanye ukungancedi kwamaqela abantu abajongelwe ngamaqela. Umlo wamalungelo ongowo womtshato washukumisela phambili lo mdlalo. Yaluphawu kwihlabathi lokuba ulwalamano lweLGBTQ + lwalungakufanelekanga ukuqwalaselwa okunzulu okusemthethweni nokuqwalaselwayo. Xa inkcaso yezo ngxelo yomanyano lwawo, ithumela intengo yegunya le nkonzo yempilo neyokusebenza kumsebenzi woncedo lwezentengo kawonke womsebenzi womsebenzi woburhulumente, kunokuba isetyenziswe nangakumbi semithetho esetyenziswa ekusebenze kuyo.

Ukubonakala Okwandayo, Ukuthembana Nokuphumelela Kwephulo

Amaphulo ezempilo kawonke-wonke axhomekeke ekuboneni nasekuthembeni. Xa abantu befihlakeleni, behlaziswa, okanye bengathembani ngamagunya, ukufikelela kuyaqina. Ukulingana komtshato kwanyanzelisa inkcubeko kunye nokutshintsha-tshintsha kombutho okuphucule impumelelo yonxibelelwano lwempilo. Ukubonakala kwezibini ezithe ngqo ezizinzileyo eziqhelekileyo ze-LGBTQ+ emehlweni abantu ngokubanzi, okanye ukungathembani, kusenokuba kukhululeke kakhulu, kudala ikho inkqubo yempilo ngokwayo. Oku kubhekiselele ekubeni iphulo lonyango lungashukumi nokuqwalasela ingqale ngapha nangapha kwe-nga kwi-"risk" nemixholo ebanzi yempilo entle, impilo, kunye nenyangendlela ende yokuzikhusela. Indoda etshatileyo idla ngokufanelekileyo inokuba nenyanzekelweyo, ive isikhululo lokuzinzisa-amava, ukuxina kwempilo, ukuxinwa komhla nexesha elide.

Ukuncitshiswa kwemisipha kwimimiselo yonyango

Iziphumo ezisebenzisekayo zamalungelo omtshato ekunciphiseni ihlazo kwizicwangciso zonyango azinakubhalwa ngokugqithisileyo. Iinkqubo zezibhedlele zafuneka ukuba zihlaziye iindlela zokuphatha kwazo, iinkqubo zokutyelela iindwendwe, kunye nemithetho yezonyango ukuze zibone amaqabane afanayo angokwasemtshatweni. Oku kubonakala ngathi kukulawula kwaba nendima ebalulekileyo ekunciphiseni ixhala kunye nokucophelela okuthi umguli abenako xa efuna ukukhathalelwa. Xa umguli eqinisekile ukuba angadwelisa iqabane lakhe ngendlela ethile ngaphandle koloyiko localulo okanye ukumangezwa, unxibelelwano lonyango phakathi komguli nomxhasi luye lwandisa amathuba okuba nolwazi olunxulumene nezempilo, abuze imibuzo enzulu, aze abuye afumane ukukhathalelwa kwempilo yakhe okanye axhase inkxaso empilweni ephambili xa abaphula isidima abaphulaneyo.

Ukufikelela "Okufihlakeleyo" Abemi Ngokweenkcukacha zomthetho

Amalungelo omtshato anika amagosa ezempilo uluntu angcono izixhobo zokuhlola kunye nokufikelela. Ukunxibelelana nomntu onesi sifo esidluliselwa ngeentlobano zesini (ST) kwaphumelela ngakumbi xa abantu beziva bekhululekile ngokusemthethweni nangokwentlalo ukubiza amaqabane abo amaqabane abo. Uphando lweziphene zempilo ezakhayo lunokusuka ngokuchanekileyo ngokutshatekileyo izibini ezitshatileyo ezingokwasexesheni, ezinika ulwazi olutyebileyo lwephulo lwexesha elizayo lokuphuhlisa iprojekthi. Uluvo lokuthintela i-HIV lungadityaniswa kuqheliselo lwezonyango oluqhelekileyo kunokuba lube kwikliniki-zibhedlele nje kuphela. Umzekelo, amaphulo okukhuthaza iPrefefickisss (PrPP) athelces) anokulungiselelwa kukhuselwa kwimo yokhuseleko lwexesha elizayo kunye nokwakha kunye, oko kunokuthi kuqwala ngokungqinelana okubonakala ngokusemthethweni kulwalamano lomtshato oluntu nelkt.

Ukufumana I - Islayid, Iingenelo Nokhuseleko Lwemali

Owona mphumela ucacileyo nobonakalayo wamalungelo omtshato kwimpilo kawonke-wonke kukuphucuka okuphawulekayo ekufumaneni i-inshorensi yempilo. Kumazwe apho uthelekelelo lwempilo lunxulumene nomsebenzi, iingenelo zempilo zingukungaqiniseki okubalulekileyo kwempilo. Ngaphambi komtshato, izibini ezifanayo ezithelekisanayo zanqatshelwa ukufikelela rhoqo kwimiqathango yomqeshi, amayeza onyango, kunye nonyango olukhethekileyo. Ukhuseleko lwemali olulungiselelwe ngumtshato lunciphisa uxinzelelo olukhulu lwezingcinganiso, lunyusa uxinzelelo lwempilo olukhulu lwe-LGBTQ. [F:] I-Expost [Intelligence] I-expoidstion ye-alctive projectal [FFF] i-alctalssion irectoredment irectorwetion elungele ukunyulwa kwemitshanamtshato yomtshato. [ieto ye-G]

Impembelelo yokuthintelwa kweHIV nokusetyenziswa konyango

Ukufumaneka kwe-inshorensi yempilo kubalulekile ekuthinteleni iHIV nasekunyangeni. Indleko yamayeza ePREP kunye nonyango lwe-antitroviral (ART) ininzi, isoloko ibaleka ifikelele kumawaka eerandi ngenyanga ngaphandle kwe-inshorensi. Ukunikezelwa kwemali kuvumela abantu ukuba bagcine imvume engapheliyo yokufumana la mayeza asindisa ubomi, ukuguqula iHIV isigwebo sokufa sibe yimeko engapheliyo kwabo banenkxalabo yokuyithwalisa. Iphulo lonyango loluntu lokunyanga-ARTS (ART) linokuyisusa kwinkcitho yeengxaki zentsholongwane nezokuthintela intsholongwane. Ukuzinziwa komtshato kuvumela ukuba abantu abatshatiwe yi-inshorensiethi enye, i-intshinga ye-anscurensi egcina amayeza anamathelayo kwaye aphinde ahlale kwinkathalo. Ngokuthelela, umtshato wanceda umgama osondeleyo kwi-HIV kwi-ibhubhunum kunye nakusbe yamadoda asebenza ngokuzingxyo, abahlala abantu abachaphandyebo aba

Iinkonzo Zempilo Yengqondo Nokuncitshiswa Koxinezeleko Lobuncinane

Ingcamango "yoxinzelelo lwemizimba ephantsi" ingundoqo ekuqondeni i-LGBTQ + umahluko wempilo. Ithetha ukuba uxinezeleko olungapheliyo lwentlalo lujongene namaqela asezantsi `kuquka ucalulo, ukuzifihla, kunye nezobungozi obungaphakathi) ikhokelela kwiziphumo ezingentle zempilo. Umtshato unika ubuchule obunamandla bokwakha nxamnye noxinezeleko oluncinane. Ukwazi ukuba ulwalamano lomntu lubhaqwa ngokusemthethweni kwaye lukhuselwe ngokusemthethweni lunciphisa ixhala elingapheliyo, ukuphaphaphazanyiswa, noloyiko localulo. Imibango yempilo kawonke yempilo enxulumene nokungabikho kokuzingelana kwengqondo kunye nokuzibulala ukuze kukhuthaze uxinzelelo olude, ugcino oluqinileyo, nolukhuthanyelo oluthe kwenziwa lusetyenziswa ngokubhekiselele kulwazi olubi lwentlalo lwenkculo. [GT]

Utshintsho lwamaphulo okuTshaziswa

Umxholo kunye nembonakalo yamaphulo ezempilo kawonke-wonke aguquka ngokuphawulekayo kwixesha lasemva komgangatho womtshato. Kwiminyaka yangaphambi kokulingana, amaphulo asoloko ebhekiselwa ekusindeni, ekulawuleni amanqam, nakumalungelo asisiseko. Emva kokukhusela amalungelo omtshato, amaphulo angathetha ngemiba emininzi yempilo enxulumene neentsapho ezizinzileyo, ezi ngxelo ziqwalaselwe ngokusemthethweni.

Ukucwangcisa Intsapho, Ukukhulisa Abantwana Nokunyamekela Abantwana

Kumalungelo omtshato kuye kwafunyanwa amalungelo aphezulu asemthethweni nokuvunywa ngokuphandle kweLGBTQ+ iintsapho. La maphulo onyango olungokwaseluntwini anokuthetha ngonyango lokuqhamisa, ukukhuliselwa komntwana, kunye neentsapho ezitshatileyo. Amaqela akhuthaza ukunyanyekelwa kwabantwana abazelwe ngaphambi kokubeleka, kunye nokutyelelwa kwabantwana abakhulileyo anokwenziwa ukuba aqulelwe ngokucacileyo kwiintsapho ezimbini okanye ezimbini. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba abantwana abakwiLGGBTQ bafumana umgangatho ofanayo wokuzikhusela njengaye nawuphi na omnye umntwana. Kukwakhuthaza abazali ukuba babandakanye nenkqubo yonyango ekuhleni, bafuna inkxaso nokungamoyiki umgwebo.

Ukukhula, ukuphela kokunyanyekelwa kobomi nenkxaso yentlalo

LGBTQ+ abantu abadala bajongene nocelomngeni lwempilo olukhethekileyo, kuquka amanqanaba aphezulu eengxaki zobuhlwempu, ulwahlulo, kunye nocalulo kwiindawo zokunyamekela abantu ezihlala abantu ixesha elide. Amalungelo omtshato akhuselwe kwinkxaso yoluntu oluhlala abantu abatsha, amalungelo omhlala-phantsi, kunye nokuvunywa okusemthethweni kwezigqibo zokuphelisa ubomi. Amaphulo ezempilo oluntu ajongene nokwaluphala ngokucacileyo anokuquka iLGBTQ, abadala, ukuqinisekisa ukuba bayakwazi ukufikelela kwi-mouserivery, iinkonzo zempilo zasekhaya, kunye nexesha elide lokunyamekela abafazi babo. Iphulo lokukhuthaza ucwangciso lwezehlolo-mali kunye noncwadi yokuvota ngezonyango zaba nempumelelo ngakumbi xa abantu ngabanye abanokuthetha ngokusemthethweni njengoomasaza babo besigqibo. Oku kugxininisa uxinzelelo loxinezelelo lwempilo lwabo, kunye nentsapho zabo ngexesha elinzima.

Iiyantlukwano Nezithintelo Ezingapheliyo

Yimpazamo enkulu ukucinga ukuba ukulingana komtshato kwasombulula zonke ii-LGBTQ ezingokwahluka kwempilo. Ngoxa amalungelo omtshato evelise iingenelo ezibalulekileyo, ezi nzuzo azisasazwanga ngokulinganayo. Ngokuyintloko umtshato unceda abo badityanisiweyo, abaliqela eliphakathi, kwaye uyakwazi ukufikelela kwinzuzo esemthethweni nezoqoqosho ezizinikileyo. Abantu abalinganayo, abantu abanemibala, nabo bakwizibiyeli eziphantsi kwezoqoqosho abanokuvakalelwa ukuba umgangatho ofanayo wokungenelwa kwaye baqhubeke bejongene nempilo entle. Ulwalamano olusempilweni loluntu kufuneka luqonde ukuba amalungelo omtshato asisiXhobo esinye isixhobo esifunekayo ukuze kufunyanwe impilo entle.

Iintlawulo zempilo neMida yoMgunyaziso

Nangona amalungelo omtshato ekhuselekile kwizibini ezitshatileyo ezingoonogada, amalungelo onyango kunye nokhuseleko olusemthethweni kubantu abadlulayo ahlala esoyikiso esingapheliyo kwaye ahluka-tshintsha ngokuphawulekayo ngokolawulo. Amaphulo oluntu ezempilo akanakuxhomekeka kuphela kumgangatho olinganayo womtshato njengekhompyutha esebenza njengomgunyaziso opheleleyo weLGBTQ. Amaziko achaza ukunyanyekelwa kwamabhinqa afanayo, ukuthintelwa kweHIV, kunye nenkxaso yempilo yengqondo kubantu abadlulayo iyafuneka ngokuqatha. Ukucinezelwa kwemimiselo yempilo kuyaqhubeka kubantu abaninzi abadlulayo, kwaye imigudu yempilo kawonke kufuneka isebenze ngamandla ukudala ikhuselekile kwaye iqinisekisa imekobume. Ukulwa okusemthethweni kokwazisa ubufana neentlobano bobufana neentlobano zesini kungumzabala ohlukene kodwa kubaluleke ngokulinganayo kwimilo yempilo elungileyo.

Ukungqubana Nemiqobo Yezoqoqosho

Iziphumo ezifanelekileyo zamalungelo omtshato kwimpilo zixhomekeke kwingeniso, uhlanga, kunye nejoni. Asinguye wonke umntu onomsebenzi onika impilo entle. Imali ephantsi i-LGBTQ isenokungabi nazo ii-mali zokutshata okanye isenokungaboni iinzuzo ezifanayo zempilo ekhoyo emtshatweni ngenxa yokungabikho komqeshi-mqeshwa. Inkqubo yempilo kawonke-wonke kufuneka inike ingxelo ngeengenelo zempilo ezingakhuselekanga nezingakhuselwayo ngokulungiselela ii-nethi, kuquka iikliniki-mali ezixhaswayo, amagumbi empilo asekuhlaleni, kunye neenkqubo ze-Medid. Amaphu eegethi kufuneka enzelwe ukufikelela abantu apho bekwimeko yabo yomtshato okanye imeko yabo yomsebenzi. Ukuqwalasela kuphela kwiingenelo zomtshato ezingokwabantu abatshatiweyo, abo bangatshatiswe ngokungekho mdlalo-mthetho, abo bangenayo, okanye abo bangenayo ingcukadiogno yezo ezingongongongongongongongongongongongongongongongongongongongongomthetho.

Imigaqo ecwangcisiweyo yekamva lempilo yoluntu

Ukwakha inkqubela yokulingana komtshato kunye nokulungisa izinto ezingapheliyo, impilo kawonke-wonke kufuneka yamkele iqhinga elizinzileyo elidlula ngaphaya kokwaziwa okusemthethweni. Izibonelelo ezakhelwe ngexesha lokulwela amalungelo omtshato zinika isiseko esiqinileyo, kodwa umgudu wonikezelo uyafuneka ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke iiLGBTQ + abantu banokufumana impilo entle. [[FLLT:0] Abantu abanobungqinelwane be-2030 benjongo zeLGBT mpilo[ ibonelela isiseko somsebenzi, igxininisa ukuqokelelwa kogcino-lwazi, ukufikelela ekunyamekeleni, kunye nokuncitshiswa kwempilo.

Ukuqokelelwa kogcino-lwazi nophando oluqukumbelayo

Ukulingana komtshato kwakhuthaza uphando lwempilo lwamazwe asekuhlaleni ukuba luqalise ukuqokelela rhoqo ugcino-lwazi oluphathelele imbonakalo yesondo kunye nokuzichaza (SOGI). Le nkcazelo ibalulekile ekuqondeni iimfuno ezithile zempilo ezikhoyo kubemi abasezantsi phakathi koluntu abatshatileyo. Ukuqhubeka kusulungekiswa nokwandisa ukuqokelelwa kwe-SOGI yezolwazi yinto ephambili kuluntu. Ugcino-lwazi olungcono lukhokelela kumsebenzi ongcono, ulwabiko oluthelwe, nokuqondwa ngokucacileyo kwamaqela ashiywe ngasemva. Abaphandi kufuneka bahambele ngapha nangaphaya kokuthelekiswa okulula kwabantu abatshatileyo nokuvavanywa okulula phakathi kolwalamano, uhlanga, ukuqokelelwa kobufana nomntu ngamnye, ubufanasini, ukubonakala kobuzwe, kunye nomgangatho wentlalo.

Abanikeli boqeqesho lwezonyango kwiNkcubeko yeNkcubeko

Ulwazi lwe-LGBTQ+ iingxaki zempilo phakathi kwabasebenzi bonyango alukaguquguquki. Ilungelo elisemthethweni lokutshata alisoloko liguqulela kwinkathalo efanelekileyo ngokwenkcubeko. Ukukhuthaza imfundo yempilo ebanzi kwiLGBTQ ukuya kwezonyango, ezonyango, ezonyango kunye nezokuxhasa impilo ezimanyeneyo linyathelo eliyimfuneko. Uqeqesho kufuneka lungagubungeleli nje kuphela impilo entle kodwa kwaneemfuno ezingundoqo zempilo, inkxalabo yempilo, kunye neengozi ezimanduva zesifo esingapheliyo zeLGBTQ+. Imisebenzi yempilo yoluntu inceda ukunyanzelela olu qeqesho kunye nenkqubo yempilo ekudaleni iimeko eziphilileyo ezisukkayo, kodwa kufuneka idityaniswe kunye neenguqu kwinkqubo yemfundo yemfundo yezonyango kunye nemilinganiselo yezonyango.

Ukungatshati Okufanelekileyo

Abaxhasi bempilo kawonke-wonke kufuneka basebenzele ukukhusela ukulingana komtshato ngelinye ixesha benyanzelela ezinye iziguqulo zesakhiwo. Oku kuquka ukukhuthaza ukukhuselwa okucacileyo okungadibaniyo kwempilo, kwizindlu, kunye nomsebenzi. Kwakhona kuthetha ukuxhasa iinkqubo eziqinisekisa ukufikelela kwempilo akubopheleleki emtshatweni okanye emsebenzini, njengokwandisa ii-inshorensi zikawonke-wonke-wonke kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba iinkonzo zokukhusela impilo azifumaneki ngexabiso eliphezulu. Ukuthetha ngabanqandeli-zizonyango lwempilo kufuna umgaqo ocacileyo oquka ukugcinwa kobulungisa bezoqoqosho, ukhuseleko lwezindlu, nokungena kokudla, konke okuchaphazela ngokungenalusini, okuchaphazela ngokungenalusini.

Isiphelo

Isiphumo samalungelo omtshato kumaphulo ezempilo kawonke-wonke eLGBTQ+ amaqela anamandla omzekelo wendlela utshintsho olusemthethweni olunokuyiphucula ngayo impilo yabemi. Ngokuya lusanda ukubonakala, ukunikezela kwi-inshorensi, nokunciphisa iziphumo eziyingozi zelishwa, ukulingana komtshato kuye kwanika iingcali zempilo yoluntu ezinezixhobo ezinamandla zokulwa izifo nokukhuthaza ukuchuma. Noko ke, ezi zixhobo aziyanelangalangalanga ngokwazo. Ukuhamba phambili kufuna isiseko sokwenene sokuzibophelela, ukuqinisekisa ukuba impilo yamalungu awona maninzi abekelwe phantsi e-LGBTQ+. Ngokuqwalaselana nolwazi olululungelelanisiweyo lwempilo, abantu abanombala, nabo banengeniso ephantsi, abafumana iingeniso ezikhoyo. Kodwa ukulwa kwemitsha eqinile, kodwa umsebenzi owenziweyo unika isiseko esiqinile, kodwa umsebenzi wokulwa noknabalula ekuqondeni ngendlela elungele ukuchana kwempilo, kunye nokuphuculwa kwemichiza esemthethweni, ukuphucula iziphumo zempilo eziluncedo eziluncedo zezo eziluncedo.