Ukuqonda Umgaqo - siseko Wamanzi Nendima Yawo Kuphuhliso Lwasemaphandleni

Inkqubo yamanzi iquka imithetho, imimiselo, kunye nezixhobo ezilawula indlela amanzi asetyenziswa ngayo, asetyenziswa ngayo, kunye nokukhuselwa. Kumazwe asemaphandleni kunye neenkqubo zokulima, le nkqubo ayiyonkqubo engokwasemthethweni ephembelela ngokuthe ngqo amathuba okuziphilisa, imveliso yokutya, kunye nempilo entle. Ucelomngeni olungundoqo lwenkqubo yamanzi lulungelelanisa iimfuno ezidibanisa: ukunkcenkceshela, ukunkcenkceshela imfuno yemfuno yemfuno, ukusetyenziswa kwasekhaya, ugcino-mizi - mveliso, kunye nolondolo lwendalo. Xa lwenziwe ngokunempumelelo, imigaqo-nkqubo yamanzi inokuvelisa imveliso, inciphise ukungabikho kobuhlwempula. Xa ithe ngqo, iyakwazi ukutshintsha ukulingana kwemozulu, ukuthambisa uqoqo-accengxterne, kunye noqoqo boqoqo bemeko lwasemaphandleni lwasemaphandleni lwasemaphandleni lwasemaphandleni lwasemaphandleni.

Intsingiselo yenkqubo yamanzi kummandla wasemaphandleni ayinakuchazwa ngokugqithisileyo. Ingxelo zamanzi emalunga nama-70% eefama ezizweni lonke eziphuma emanzini acocekileyo, nakumazwe amaninzi asakhasayo, athe angabi nako ukusetyenziswa kwemibutho yamakhaya kunye nemali ekhoyo ukulawula amanzi ngaphandle kwemigaqo ecacileyo. Ngenxa yoko, inkqubo yamanzi ibumba yonke into ukusuka ekufikeleleni kwefama encinane ukuya kukwanda kweprojekthi ye-agri, ukusuka kwimichaphazelo yokufuduka ukuya kwimithwalo yempangelo yamabhinqa. Ukuqonda iindlela zokulawula ezi migaqo kuyimfuneko kuye nabani na obandakanyekileyo kwinkqubela phambili yezolimo yezolimo, okanye ulawulo lwendalo.

Iindidi Zepolitiki Zamanzi Zichaphazela Iindawo Zasemaphandleni

Imigaqo-nkqubo yamanzi esebenza kumanqanaba amaninzi `amazwe, amazwe, imimandla, kunye naloo ndawo', kwaye ithatha iindlela ezahlukeneyo, kuquka izigunyaziso zolawulo, izixhobo zoqoqosho, kunye notshintsho lolawulo. Ngezantsi ziindidi eziqhelekileyo ezinxulumene nenkqubela-phambili yasemaphandleni nezolimo.

I-Allactiona kunye namalungelo asekelwe kwiPolicies

Ezi nkqubo zichaza ukuba ngubani onokusebenzisa amanzi, ukuze kusetyenziswe iinjongo, naphantsi kwazo naziphi iimeko. Ziquka iinkqubo zangaphambili (ngexesha lokuqala, lokuqala-ngasekunene), amalungelo okukrazula (ngokubhekiselele kwindawo yokuhlala), kwaye zivumela ukuba kunikwe izithuba ezisekelwe kuyo. Kwimimandla emininzi yasemaphandleni, amalungelo angokwembali axhaswa kakubi okanye asasazwe ngokungenakulinganiswa, ashiya abanini-mali kunye noluntu olungenabungozi. Imigaqo yangoku igxininisa ngakumbi ulwahlulo olukhoyo, ngokufuthi ngelayiselo lokusebenzisa amanzi elichaza imiqulu, ixesha kunye nokubaluleka kokungabikho kwayo. Umzekelo, [[FLT:] ulawulo lwamanzi [FO] [FLT] lugxininisa ukubaluleka kokwandiswano oluneyo olubanzi olunwebekayo olunwebekayo olukhulayo

Ukhuthazo Nemigaqo-nkqubo

Utyalo-mali lukawonke wonke kwizibonelelo ezizinzileyo ngezantsi/iizixhobo zokunkcenkceshela, iimpompo, iinkqubo zokuthomalalisa, izixhaso zemveliso yezolimo. Imithetho-mthetho ingabeka phantsi kwesongezelelo esisezantsi soncedo lwemali kwinkqubela-phambili, okanye intengiso yolungiso lwexesha elide. Iinkqubo ezinkulu zokunkcenkcenkceshela zingaguqula imimandla eyomileyo ibe zizikhuseli zesonka, kodwa kwakhona zithwala ubungozi bokwenziwa kwesayini, ukukhutshwa kwamanzi, kunye nokufikeleleka okungalinganiyo. Imigaqo esebenzayo yokuziiiindawo ezinkozo ngokuqeqeshwa ngenkqubo yamanzi ephumelelayo kunye nemigaqo yokugcina iinkqubo ezisebenza ngokusebenza ixesha elide.

Amalungelo Okusingqongileyo Nokulondoloza Imeko - bume

Le nkqubo imisela imigangatho encinane yokuhamba kwemilambo, ithintela ukukhutshwa kwamanzi asemhlabeni, ikhusele iindawo ezimdaka, kwaye ilawule ungcoliso olubangelwa kukukhutshwa kwezolimo. Nangona isoloko yenzelwe ukukhusela impilo yendalo, ineziphumo ezingqalileyo kubalimi. Umzekelo, imida ekuthintelweni kwesiphumo sokwenza isichumiso se-nitrogen kukunciphisa ukungcoliswa kwamanzi esemhlabeni kungatshintsha ujikelezo okanye ubuchule bokulima. Imigaqo yokulondolozwa kwemekobume yemekobume iquka izikhungo ezizinzileyo ezifana nokugawula amanzi emvula, ukugquma, nokuguqula ukukhutshwa kwezilimo ezincinane zamanzi. IBHANGELA yamanzi eWorld ugcino-omatilo [ umsebenzi ubalase indlela okunokunceda ngayo ukukhuthuka okuqhubekayo kokusebenza kwemeko-mente ngokugcina umgangatho wamanzi nokunciphisa umthamo wolwandle.

Inkcubeko Ezoqoqosho Neyokutyekela

Ingeniso yamanzi, inkxaso-mali, kunye neenkqubo zorhwebo zingaphantsi kweli candelo. Kwimbali, oorhulumente abaninzi banamanzi angaphantsi kakhulu okulima, akhokelela ekusetyenzisweni ngokugqithisileyo nasekubiweni ngokungaphumeleliyo. Ukutshintsha kweprojekthi / ukutshintsha kwemiqathango okanye izalathiso zethala-mali, zikhuthaza ukulondolozwa nokuxhaswa koncedo nokubuyiselwa kwemali esebenzayo. Noko ke, ukunyusa amaxabiso kungachaphazela kakhulu abalimi abafumana imali ephantsi ngaphandle kokuba kukhatshwe yinkxaso ephambili. Iimarikethengi, apho amalungelo anokuthengwa khona aze athengiswe, avela kwimimandla ehamba emanzini efana nentshona ye-United States ne-Australia. Ngoxa ekwazi ukuphucula ukusebenza nokuzinziwa kwazo, zinokubeka ubomi obuphambili kwizandla ezinkulu ngaphandle kokuba imigaqo yokuzidipozi.

Impembelelo kuphuhliso lwasemaphandleni

Inkqubo yamanzi iphembelela ukuphucuka kwasemaphandleni ngemijelo emininzi: uhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali, ukukhula kwezoqoqosho, intlalo-ntle, kunye nemilinganiselo yamanani. Amacandelo alandelayo achaza eyona mpembelelo ibalulekileyo

Ukubonelela Ngemali Nokuhlala Emakhaya

Imithetho elawula ukunkcenkceshela nokugcina amanzi izibonelelo eziphambili yenza umsebenzi othe ngqo ekwakheni nasekulungiseni, kodwa iziphumo ezinzulu zikwixabiso le-schemin. Amanzi anokuthenjwa anceda abalimi ukuba batshintshe ukusuka kwimfuyo yemvula ukuya kwimveliso ekwixabiso eliphezulu, imveliso ephezulu, iziqhamo, ubisi, kunye nezityalo zemali enika imali (ezixhasa ukuqhubekeka kwenkqubo ye-agro, ezothutho, kunye neenkonzo zemarike. Imisebenzi yezotyalo. Imimandla efana ne-Saharan Afrika, apho kuphela isi-6% yomhlaba olinyiweyo itsalelwa, i-ephendla yi International Policlygic Woolic [[FLT: 1] Iziko zophando] zibonisa ukuba iinkqubo zokurhweba ngezantinga zasemaphandleni zinciphisa ubuhlwempu nge-20,20,00% yeshumi leshumi leshumi leshumi leminyaka.

Iinkqubo zokuyila zidlulela nangaphandle kokunkcenkceshela. Ukubonelela ngamanzi kunye nenkqubo yogutyulo zibalulekile kwimpilo nemfundo yasemaphandleni. Xa abantu befumana amanzi acocekileyo kufutshane namakhaya abo, amabhinqa namantombazana achitha ixesha elincinane ekha amanzi yaye achitha ixesha elininzi esikolweni okanye kwimisebenzi enika ingeniso. Imithetho edibanisa ukubonelelwa kwamanzi nokucwangciswa kwezolimo .

Ukwanda Kwezoqoqosho Nokufumaneka Kwazo Kurhwebo

Ukufumaneka kwamanzi acocekileyo kunciphisa umngcipheko wokuvelisa imveliso, nto leyo evumela abalimi ukuba bafake ingeniso kwimbewu ephuculiweyo, izichumiso, kunye nezixhobo. Oku kuncitshiswa komngcipheko kubaluleke kakhulu kubagcini-mali abangenayo i-inshorensi okanye imali egciniweyo. Imithetho exhasa ukugcinwa kwamanzi (umz., amadama amancinane, amadama efama) okanye ukukhuliswa kwamanzi asemhlabeni kungawuthintela umnqongo wemba, ukwenze ukuba unikezelo olungaguquguqukiyo lwemarike. Njengokuba imveliso yezolimo yezolimo zemarike, abathengi basemaphandleni bangafaka imali ekwakheni, ezindaweni ezibandayo, kunye nee-logen, ivelventiations, ivelvel entle yorhwebo.

Inkqubo yamanzi ikwachaphazela amaxabiso omhlaba. Kwimimandla enamalungelo akhuselekileyo okanye ethembekileyo enkonzo yokunkcenkceshela, amaxabiso ehlabathi anyuka, anokunceda abanini-mhlaba kodwa akwakwenza kube nzima ukuba abalimi abatsha bangene kwicandelo. Imithetho ethetha ngelizwe elingangeni manzi ngakumalungelo amanzi. Ngokufana nokunika abaqeshwa okanye abalimi abangenamhlaba imvume yokuhlala. Ngaphandle kwemilinganiselo enjalo, inkqubela-phambili yasemaphandleni ingakhuthaza ubunye obukhoyo.

Impilo, ukulingana kwelungu lomzimba, kunye nokufumana intlalo entle

Unxulumano phakathi kwamanzi kunye nempilo yasemaphandleni lumiselwe kakuhle. Imithombo yamanzi angcolileyo ibangela izifo zohudo, eziye zabangela ukufa kwabantwana kumazwe asakhasayo. I-morivercoff enezibulala zinambuzane kunye nee-nitrate nayo ilonakalisa umgangatho wamanzi okusela. I-politiki elawula ungcoliso, ikhusela ukufuthwa kwamanzi, kwaye iyalela ukuba ukusela amanzi kuphucule iziphumo zempilo, inciphise iindleko zempilo kunye nokwanda kwemveliso yomsebenzi.

Izixhobo ezisetyenziswayo zidityaniswe kakhulu nenkqubo yamanzi kuba amabhinqa anembopheleleko ephambili yokuqokelela amanzi, ukufunxa imfuyo, yaye amaxesha amaninzi ayinxalenye yefama. Xa iinkqubo zimisela isikali esikhulu sokunkcenkceshela ngokungena kwabantu abancinane, okanye xa iikomiti zamanzi zingawafaki amabhinqa ekuphumeleni ezigqityweni, ukuthwala izixa-mali, ukunyuka komsebenzi wamabhinqa kunye namathuba awo ezoqoqosho. Ngokuchasene noko, iinkqubo ezifuna ukuba abaphathi bamanzi basekuhlaleni baquke amabhinqa, kwaye banike amanzi emakhaya kunye nemisebenzi esebenzayo, zinika amabhinqa amandla kwaye ziphucule impilo-ntle yekhaya. IGONUGOGOGenear neManzi [iphepha]] zinika ubungqina bokuba inkqubo yokuphatha amanzi aphuma ngokuphuma kakhulu kwimfundo nangokwemfundo.

Imilinganiselo Yomzobo Nentshukumo

Ukunqongophala kwamanzi (okanye iinkqubo ezisilela ukuyilungisa ) yinkqubo ebhalwe kakuhle yomqhubi ohlala emaphandleni ukuya e-urban. Kummandla we-Sahel Afrika, imbalela elandelelanayo kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yamanzi engqongqo inyanzelise izigidi zabantu ukusuka kwiifama ukuya kwizixeko. Ngokuchaseneyo, imigaqo efaka ingeniso kwisiseko samanzi acocekileyo kunye nokuxhasa ezomileyo kwelizwe elinomoma zinganceda ekuqinisekiseni abemi. Kumazwe afana neIndiya, ukwanda kwemibhobhozo enamandla okunkcenkceshela ngelanga kudibene kunxulumene nokunciphiswa kwamanzi asemhlabeni kwaye kubonise ukuncitshiswa kweminyeko yorhwebo. Imigaqo echuliweyo ebangela ukuba intethelekele amandla ngomgaqo womhlaba (umz., imiqathango, ikhupha umlinganiselo okanye ukusetyenziswa kwemibhobhobhozo yemitha esezantsi yasemaphandleni yasemaphandleni.

Imiphumo Kulimo

Imigaqo yamanzi ilolonga kakhulu icandelo lokulima, kubalimi bakhetha ukusebenzisa ubugcisa ababusebenzisayo nokuzinzisa kwemisebenzi yabo.

Ukhetho lwekhusi nokhupho

Ukufumaneka kwamanzi okuzinziswe kwinxenye enkulu yenkqubo", izigwebo ezithi zikho ngokweemeko. Kwimimandla yamanzi ehamba phambili, iinkqubo ezinika amanzi asekelwe ekusetyenzisweni ngokwembali zingatshixa abalimi kwixabiso eliphantsi, izityalo ezinamanzi ezifana ne-alfalfa okanye umqhaphu. Ngokuchaseneyo, iinkqubo ezinika ubuchule bokutshintsha-tshintsha-tshintsha izinto (ezifana namanzi okanye ii-aventitions", zitshintsha zitshintshe zihambele phezulu, izityalo zemvula zize zitshintshele kwixabiso eliphezulu, kodwa ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ezinye izityalo zezityalo. Abanye oorhulumente baye basebenzisa “inkqubo yokutshintsha ii-croptic profition", ukunikela iindleko zokuhlawula iimali ezisuka kwerayisi okanye ii-modensiti. Ukuphumelela kuxhomekeke kwii-make, ukutshintsha kwe-make, kodwa ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ezinye iiprojectivestingstingstings, uya kusingeniswa, kodwa ngaphandle korhwebo.

Imigaqo-nkqubo yomgangatho wamanzi ichaphazela ukhetho lwezityalo. Ityuwa ephezulu ekunkcenkcesheleni amanzi inciphisa uludwe lwezityalo ezinokukhula, ngokufuthi inyanzela abalimi ukuba benze ukhetho olunengeniso encinci okanye ifune ukukhutshwa kwexabiso eliphantsi. Inkqubo exhobisa intsingiselo yokuthetha ngobuninzi bamanzi nomgangatho we--"efana nokukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwakhona kwamanzi amdaka kwezolimo/ukusetyenziswa kwezityalo eziphilayo"/ukuze zandise izityalo eziphilayo xa kugcinwa amanzi angena amanzi acocekileyo.

Ukuveliswa kwemveliso yefama kunye nokuxhatshazwa kobuxhakaxhaka

Ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi afanelekileyo kusembindini wemveliso yezolimo. Imithetho ebangela amanzi ankcenkceshelwayo abe nexabiso eliphezulu okanye abenqabileyo ikhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kobugcisa bokunkcenkceshela amanzi njengendlela yokunkcenkceshela, izivamvo zokufuma, kunye nokusebenzisa ubuchule bokuthand ’ iliso. Noko ke, ukusetyenziswa kobugcisa kwakhona kufuna ukukhokelwa kwetyala, uqeqesho lobugcisa, kunye nokubonelela ngemixokelelwano. Imigaqo emininzi yabasebenzi abancinane ijongene nemiqobo encinci ekusebenziseni utshintsho oluqhelekileyo; imigaqo edibanisa ulungiso lweprojekthi kunye neenkonzo zokwandisa nokusebenzisa i-microfance impumelelo ephezulu.

Kwelinye icala, iinkqubo ezinika amanzi amaninzi angaphantsi kakhulu zisoloko zidimaza ukusebenza kakuhle. Kumazwe e-Indiya nase Pakistan, uphando lwe-USDA olukhululekileyo okanye olunzima kakhulu lokumpompa amanzi asemhlabeni lukhokelele ekuncipheni kwemivuno kunye nokuncitshiswa kwesivuno somvuzo kwiyunithi nganye yamanzi. Utshintsho olunjalo lunzima kwezobupolitika kodwa lubalulekile kwimveliso yexesha elide. UMSDA] uphando lokunkcenkcenkceshela ngethazo [[ lubonisa ukuba unyuko olusezantsi ekusebenziseni amandla amanzi /ukulungiselela nokulungisa okungcono nokugcina inkqubo.]

Izenzo ezizinzileyo kunye nobugosa bokusingqongileyo

Imigaqo-nkqubo yolawulo isoloko ijolise ekunciphiseni ukusetyenziswa kwemekobume yezolimo. Umzekelo, iimfuno zommandla wesigcini sethutyana kufutshane nemida yokukhutshwa kwezondlo, kunye nemiyalelo yokukhukuliseka kwezixhobo zokulungisa yonke injongo yokukhusela indalo yasemanzini ekungcolisekeni kwezolimo. Le migaqo inganyusa iindleko kubalimi ngexesha elifutshane, kodwa ikwadala amathuba okuhlaziya. Izenzo ezifana nokunkcenkcenkceshela ngokuchanekileyo, ukukhupha amanzi amda, kunye nokulondolozwa komgangatho womgangatho womzimba kunciphisa ukulahlwa kwezinto ezinomtsalane, ngokufuthi kuvelisa inzuzo yezoqoqosho yexesha elide.

Iinkqubo zokuhlawulela iinkonzo zendalo (PES) yinkqubo enika abalimi umvuzo wokulondoloza ubuncwane bamanzi(umz., ukugcina iindawo ezisemaxhakaxhaka, ukugawula amahlathi, okanye ukwamkela iinkqubo zokucoca ezisezantsi. Iinkqubo ezinjalo ziqaliswe eCosta Rica, eTshayina, nase-European Union, neziphumo ezidityanisiweyo kodwa ezithembisayo. Isitshixo sikukwenza udweliso lwePES olunemali eninzi, olucace gcazelele, nolujoliswe kwiindawo apho intlalo kunye nenzuzo yezolimo zinkulu khona.

Ucelomngeni Ekusetyenzisweni Kwamanzi

Ngaphandle kwenzuzo ezinokwenzeka, imigaqo-nkqubo yamanzi idla ngokusilela ukufikelela iinjongo zayo ngenxa yocelomngeni olunzulu.

Ubuchule bokufumana inkxaso-mali nokutshintsha kwemozulu

Ukutshintsha kwemozulu kuya kukwenza kube nzima ukufumaneka kwamanzi, kwenza ukuba iingcamango zembali ziphelelwe lixesha. Izantyalantyala zemvula ezininzi nezinzima zinciphisa imithombo yamanzi angaphezulu, ngelixesha imvula eguquguqukayo iphazamisa ukugcwaliswa kwezigcini zamanzi asemhlabeni. Iinkqubo zenkqubo zenkqubo zendalo ezenziwe ukwenzela iimeko ezizinzileyo azilungelelaniswanga kakuhle kwikamva leziganeko ezigqithisileyo. Amazwe amaninzi ngoku aphinda atshintsha inkqubo yawo yamanzi ukudibanisa imozulu, ifuna ulawulo olulungeleleneyo kunye nemithetho eguquguqukayo. Kumakhaya, ukunqongopheleka kokuzinziswa kwemeko-yo kuthetha ukulahlekelwa kwesivuno, ukufa kwemfuyo, nokushenxila.

Ukulingana nofikelelo

Ukuqinisekisa ukusasazwa kwamanzi ngokufanelekileyo yenye yezona nkqubo zinzima. Imisebenzi emikhulu yokulima, abasebenzisi bamanzi basedolophini, amaziko oshishino, ngokuqhelekileyo ibamba inkqubo, ishiya abasebenzi abancinane, oomatiloshe, kunye nabantu bomthonyama abanokufikelela okulinganiselweyo. Kwanaxa imithetho esetyenziswayo ikhusela amaqela abuthathaka, ukunyanzelisa ukunyanzeleka komthetho kubuthathaka okanye ukunqongophala kwamandla. Umgangatho womgangatho womhlaba womhlaba wongeza omnye: Amabhinqa asoloko ekhutshwa kwimibutho yabasebenzisi bamanzi kunye nokwenza izigqibo, nangona engabantu abasebenzisa amanzi ngokuyintloko kwiimeko ezininzi.

Inkxalabo yokulingana ikwadlulela kulawulo lwamanzi agubungelayo. Imilambo kunye nee-aquifer ezinqumla imida yezobupolitika `njengeNayile, Indus, kunye neMekong-acrease inkxwaleko yamazwe ngamazwe. Izithethe ezibeka phambili ekusetyenzisweni kwamanzi okunkcenkcenkceshela zingonakalisa uluntu oluhlala kule ndawo, zibangela ukuba kubekho ungquzuzulwano oluphazamisayo nophuhliso lwemimandla yasemaphandleni.

Ulawulo nokwahlulwa komgaqo-nkqubo

Ulawulo lwamanzi lusoloko lubandakanya amasebe amaninzi karhulumente alawula amanzi, indalo, amandla, uwonke-wonke osebenza ngokungenana okanye ngokungqubana. Ukungasebenzisani kukhokelela kwiinkqubo eziphikisanayo: umzekelo, ukumpompa kwamanzi asemhlabeni okunciphisa ulawulo logcino-mthetho. Amanzi angenaziko lungakhuthazwa njengesicombululo, kodwa ukuphumeza kwawo kucotha kwaye kungenisa inkxaso-mali. Iingingqi ezininzi zasemaphandleni azikho kwimibutho yasekuhlaleni efunekayo ukulawula amanzi kunye nalapho kukho umanyano lwamanzi, zisenokungabi nalo igunya elingokwasemthethweni okanye imali.

Ukudodobala Kwezoqoqosho Nezoqoqosho Zezobupolitika

Izibonelelo zamanzi zifuna utyalo-mali olubalulekileyo, amazwe amaninzi asakhasayo angenakuluhlawula ngaphandle kwenkxaso yomhlawulelo okanye inkxaso-mali yemali yangasese. Kwanaxa imisebenzi isenziwa, iindleko zogcino zisoloko zityeshelwa, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuwohlokeni okukhawulezileyo. Iinguqu eziphambili zijongene nenkcaso eyomeleleyo yezobupolitika: abalimi abaye bafumana amanzi angaphantsi kwamashumi eminyaka baxhathisa nayiphi na intshukumo yokufumana ilahleko, kwaye oorhulumente boyika ukurhoxiswa kwemali. Imijikelo yezopolitiko efutshane isoloko ithintela ukuzibophelela okufunekayo ekuguquleni inkqubo yamanzi.

Amathuba Okusebenzisa Amanzi Atsha

Phezu kwazo nje ezi ngxaki, iindlela ezintsha zobugcisa zinikela iindlela ezithembisayo zokuphucula inkqubo yamanzi ekuphucukeni nakulimo lwasemaphandleni.

Ulawulo lwamanzi angaphambili nawamanani

Ukuveliswa komphunga, ukufuma komhlaba, ukuxelwa kwangaphambili kwemozulu, kunye namaqonga ahambayo kwenza kube lula ukuqwalasela ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kwixesha elikufuphi nexesha eliqhelekileyo kunye nesigqibo esiphezulu somngxuma. Imithetho exhasa ukwenziwa kwezi zixhobo //ngokuxhasa inkxaso-mali, ugcino-lwazi, okanye uqeqesho lobugcisa inceda abalimi ukuba basebenzise amanzi ngokuthe ngqo xa kuyimfuneko, ukucutha nokunyuka. Amalungelo amanani amanani anokuphucula ukubonakala nokuncitshiswa kwemiqobo. Oorhulumente kwaSirayeli, Jordan, kunye neenxalenye zeIndiya sele ziqhuba inkqubo ezinjalo. [[FLT:] UNUN] Imeko yamanzi itshintsha uhlobo lwemozulu [[FLT:]] igxininisa ukuhlola ukwenziwa kolwando lwamanzi olutshintshayo lwemozulu.

Ulawulo lwamanzi olusekelwe kuluntu

Ukusetyenziswa kwemali kumgangatho woluntu, okudla ngokukhokelela kumongo ofanelekileyo nongalinganiyo weziphumo. Unxulumano lwamanzi, intsebenziswano yabalimi, kunye neekomiti ezipheliswe ngamanzi zingalawula ubuncwane basekuhlaleni, imigaqo enyanzelisayo, kunye nokunyusa izimali zokuxhasa ngokusemthethweni la maqela, kuwanika uqeqesho nenkxaso yobugcisa, kwaye aqinisekisa ukuba amabhinqa namaqela aphantsi aphumelele kumazwe amaninzi, kuquka iNepal, iSenegal, nePeru. Abaphathi boluntu bayakha ikomkhulu lentlalo, eliluncedo lokusebenza ngokudityaniswa ngaphandle kwamanzi, njengentsebenzi yorhwebo okanye amaqela okugcina imali.

Ukuhlahlela kokutyanda ngamanzi kunye nokutshintsha kwemozulu

Imithetho ekhuthaza ukuchuma kwemozulu kunye nenkqubo yokulima edibanisa imozulu. Ubuchule bokufumana amanzi angangeni manzi, imveliso, kunye nokuzihlaziya. Oku kuquka ukuxhasa iintlobo zezityalo ezizodwayo ezinokusetyenziswa ngexesha lemvula, ezolimo (ezingangezokokubamba, isigqumo somhlaba esisisigxina, ukujikeleza komhlaba), ukutshintsha kwemijikelo, kunye nokudibanisa inkqubo yemfuyo. Ubuchule bokuvuna amanzi ngokuhlola amada, iintambo zenqanawa ezingqukuva, kunye nokufumana ulwando lwezongezo lokudiza ngexesha lokoma.

Ukufika kweNqanawa eDibanisayo

Amanzi, amandla, kunye neenkqubo zokutya zidityaniswe kakhulu, kwaye iinkqubo ezithi ziwathethele ngokwahlukana zisoloko zivelisa iziphumo ezingacwangciswanga. Umzekelo, ukukhuthaza i-biofyuel ngaphandle kokuqwalasela i-grands yokushicilela isantya samanzi. Indlela ye-nexus ikhuthaza ukunqongophala kombane okunqamlezayo okuphakathi kwe-Egnore-nex-jognel: ukudibanisa umbane nokumpompa kwamanzi afunekayo ngokunyibilikisa, ukudibanisa amanzi anikwe amandla, kunye nokuyila imveliso yokunyusa uxinzelelo kubuncwane bamanzi. Inkqubo ye-FAURD ye-Energy-neus-nex Nex:1] inikezela izixhobo kunye nophando lohlobo lokudityaniswa okunjalo, ukuze kuphucul umgangatho wezinto ngo-2010-40 kwimongongoma ezininzi.

Isiphelo: Imilinganiselo Yamanzi Elungele Ukubuyiselwa Kwemiphanda Yasemaphandleni

Inkqubo yamanzi asingobuchule bokubuyisela amanzi kumanzi .Ingulo ephambili ekulungiseni ukuhambelana kwezoqoqosho lwasemaphandleni, iinkqubo zokulima, kunye nokusingqongileyo kwendalo. Ubungqina bubonisa ukuba xa imigaqo-nkqubo idibene, ilungelelaniswa, kwaye isekelwe kwizinto ezikhoyo zasekuhlaleni, ingavula iingenelo zokutshintsha: ukukhutshwa kwesivuno, izinto zokuphila ezahlukeneyo, ukuphucula impilo, ukuthotywa kwemibutho ekhoyo, kunye nokukhutshwa kwentlalo. Ngokuchasene noko, yenziwe kakubi okanye imigaqo esetyenziswa ngokungenakusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo ekwanelisa ubuhlwempu, ukutho, ukuthomalalisa indalo, kunye nokungqubana kwepetroji.

Indlela engaphambili ifuna ukushukuma ngapha koko kujoliswe phambili, ukufikelela phezulu kwizakhiwo ezidityanisiweyo ezidibanisa ulwahlulo lwedilesi, izibonelelo, ipringi, kunye nolondolozo ngendlela edityanisiweyo. Kuthetha ukuveliswa kwemibutho kunye nemibhobho, kwakunye nabantu kunye nobugcisa. Utshintsho lwemozulu lufuna ukuba imigaqo-nkqubo ithambe kwaye ijonge phambili, ngenkqubo eyakhelwe phambili yokujonga, ukufunda, kunye nokulungisa. Ngaphezu koko, kuthetha ukusekela amazwi abantu basemaphandleni `ingakumbi, abanini-ndye, kunye namaqela abomthonya-ndyebomfo, kunye namaqela abomthonyayo.