Isifungo sesikhundla singaphezulu komthetho wesithethe; sisiphelo somGaqo-siseko apho ulawulo lujikeleza khona. Ukusuka ekungcangcazeleni kwesandla sikaGeorge Washington kweBhayibhile ebotshelelwe kwigumbi lokulinda lamaMasonic ukuya kwimiboniso yale mihla ebhadlileyo kwiCapitol Rotunda, isifungo somongameli siguqukele ekubeni ngumqondiso onamandla wokulawula kweMelika. Kodwa impembelelo yayo idlulele ngaphaya konikezelo dais. La mazwi athethwayo (* kwaye izithembiso ezithiwa zisetyenziswe zithathe ingxube kwiimfazwe ze-Roclagionment, iingxs, kunye nelayezo zemini yentetho yezopolitiko. Ukuqonda indlela eziye zakudala izifungo zedeko ezifuna ngayo ukuba kungahloli nje kuphela umbhalo wesifungo ngokwawo kodwa kwangamaxesha embali xa loo mazwi engqubana nemeko yezopolitiko. Eli nqaku lihlola iingxelo ezihlala zihleliyo zezo zezo ngxelo yezopolitiko, kunye nezo ngxelo yezo zobupolitika, intetho yezomthetho, nezo ngxelo yemithetho.

Isiseko somGaqo-siseko: Okungaphezulu kunokubuyiselwa

Isifungo somongameli sifakwe kwiGatya II, iCandelo le-1, u-Claus 8, loMgaqo-siseko wase-U.S., oyalela oku: [[FLT: 0]" phambi kokuba angene ekuphunyezweni kwe-Ofisi yakhe, uza kuthatha olu xwebhu lulandelayo: "Iyafunga (okanye ndivume) ukuba ngokuthembeka ndiya kuphumeza i-Ofisi yoMongameli wase-United States, kwaye ndiza kufumana eyona nto ilungileyo esemandleni am, ukhuseleko nokhuselo loMgaqo-siseko we-United States.[[FLT] [2] [FLT:]] Olu lwimi lukhethekileyo lwakhethwa ngokucokisekileyo ngabalawuli bomthetho omkhulu welizwe. Ngokungafaniyo nakuwiswa kwegunya eli lingumbuso, ukufunyaniswa kobumongameli kufuneka umongameli othe ngqo, ukhuseleko [Fodrencelvelvel], kwaye ukhuselo lwe-Gestitustel.[3] olulu, oluluthi lwangaphandle koluthi olu lwabiwo olulungileyo lungalungeleneyo.[3]

UGeorge Washington, esazi kakuhle ukuba yonke imizekelo ayimiselayo iya kubumba isikhundla, wongezelela ibinzana elithi "Undincede ke uThixo" emva kokucengceleza isifungo, isithethe esininzi sabalandeli besilandelwa. Eli binzana lonqulo, nangona lingafunwanga ngokomGaqo-siseko, liye laba lisiko lesithethe. Isenzo sokufunga kweBhayibhile, ngokufuthi esidluliselwa kwizizukulwana zentsapho, siquka umsitho onentsingiselo yobuqu neyembali. Ezi ziko zikhutshelwa ngenxa yokuba ziguqulela imfuneko esemthethweni kumnqophiso wasekuhlaleni, qhaba khange izenzelwe kuMgaqo-siseko kuphela kodwa kuhlanga olujongekileyo.

Isifungo Njengoxwebhu Oluphilayo

UMgaqo-siseko awuyaleli ukuba ngubani onokuthi aqhube isifungo, okanye awuchazi indlela esimele sibhalwe ngayo. Kwiinkulungwane ezininzi, isifungo siye saphinda-phindwa phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo: ngasemva kwemoto yololiwe (Calvin Coolidge emva kokufa kwe-Warren Harren's fa ngesiquphelo), kwinqwelo-moya (Lyndon B.Johnson ohamba emoyeni Omnye emva kukaJohn F. Kennedy umbulali), nangaphakathi kwendlu emhlophe (Indlu esemva kokuyeka kwe-Richard Nixon). Isicwangciso ngasinye sinika uxinzelelo olungaqhelekanga lombilini. Ukuguquka kwesifungo someya kumele ukuthathwa kwiimeko ezinkulu nezincinane . .

Oomongameli Bembali Nesinxibo

Umgama phakathi kokufunga nokugcina isifungo ibingumbandela wengxoxo enkulu yembali nezobupolitika. Oomongameli ababelawula ngexesha elingaqhelekanga babonisa indlela esi sifungo esinokuba sikhaka ngayo nekrele.

UAbraham Lincoln: Igophe Njengendlela Yemfazwe

UAbraham Lincoln wathabatha isifungo sokusebenza ngoMatshi 4, 1861, kwisixeko esikhulu esidibene nemikhosi kwaye esoyika ukudityaniswa. Idilesi yakhe yokuqala, enikelwe ngokukhawuleza emva kwesifungo, ime njengenye yeentetho ezilandelelanayo kwimbali yeMelika. ULincoln wavuma isifungo esisisifungo esisisigxina: [[FLT: 0]" kutheni kungamele kubekho ukuthemba komonde kubulungisa obupheleleyo babantu? Ingaba kukho ithemba elingcono okanye elilinganayo ehlabathini? [[FLT.P.1] Wandula ke wacela umsebenzi wakhe osemthethweni wokukhusela, ukukhusela, nokukhusela i-Uningomni. Kamva, ngexesha le mfazwe yamakhaya, incomela izenzo ezithe ngqo, i-aspeas, isithintela iSoved Southman, kwaye ikhupha i-Eppont procencermation (uG.Planceam) kunye noMthelela umgaqo wakhe ofanelekileyo wokukhusela inguwongaphicothelela ingu. [uphiso.]

I-Franklin D. Roosevelt: I-oath neNew Deal

Xa uFranklin D. Roosevelt wafungayo ngo1933, ukuTshayina Okukhulu kwakuluphelise ukholo kurhulumente. Kukuqala kwakhe ukusungula, wavakalisa ngokudumileyo ukuba eyona nto ibalulekileyo uloyiko yayiyiyo. kodwa iinkqubo zakhe ezilandelayo zeNew Deal .Inkqubo zeNew Deal eyathi yandisa amandla karhulumente ngokuphawulekayo //ijonge icebo lemithetho-siseko kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo. Roosevelt yayikukuphikisa ukuba esi sifungo sakhe sinyanzele ukukhusela uqoqosho lwemali nelaphu lentlalo. Xa iNkundla yazimisela ukukhusela i-New Ireal, Rooselt yacebisa ukuba "incourt-packing" icebo, ebeyayivumela ukuba isongelele abagwebi abano. Abagxeki betyholo lokuba esi sifungo sakhe ngokuzama ukuthoba i-Rocelt. Xa i-Rosethiscractivet, i-mGwaracritivet, i-mss efuna ukuqinisekisa uxwebhu olulungileyo olulungileyo olulungileyo olulungileyo olulungileyo olulungileyo

URichard Nixon: IOath Sheach

URichard Nixon umlawuli onegunya unikela umzekelo ocacileyo wesifungo sangoku esicingelwa ukuba sophulwe. Ngonyaka ka-1974, iKomiti yeHouse Judicary amanqaku avunyiweyo okuhlasela iNixon ngokuthintela izithintelo zokusesikweni, ukusetyenziswa kakubi kolawulo, nokungahloneli kweBhunga. Ingxelo yekomiti ibhekisa ngokucacileyo kwisifungo somongameli, ithetha ukuba uNixon uphakamo-kamendo oluphezulu (kuquka ukukhutshelwa kwempomposiso kwe-water cast - in interty, nokusetyenziswa kwamaziko ezwelonkeni ukuhlasela abachasi bezobupolitika, .[1][Foctlyton's, kufuphi ne-oggnow, ingqina ityala letyala lobupolitiki elingokwasemthethweni, xa ithetha ngetyala elingokwasemthethweni.

IOath Njengesixhobo Sokulwa Kwezobupolitika Zexesha Elidluleyo

Intetho yezopolitiko yanamhlanje izaliswe zizihlomelo ezibhekiselele kwisifungo somongameli. Izobupolitika, abahlalutyi, kunye nabaxhasi bale mithetho bacela ukuba ilungele ukuthotyelwa okanye iphelise abachasi. Oku kusetyenziswa koncedo lwezimvo kuye kwakhula ngokupheliswa kwezobupolitika zaseMerika kunye nomjikelo weeyure ezingama-24 weendaba.

Ukucela Ingxowa - mpikiswano Esemthethweni

Xa ingxubusho yeBhunga leKhomishoni yamagunya emfazwe . "engaphezulu kwamagunya alawulayo, imiyalelo, okanye izindululo zesivumelwano ``isifungo sisoloko sibonakala njengesixhobo sokuphosa amatyala'. Abachasi besenzo somongameli basenokuphikisa ukuba isenzo sichasene nesifungo, lo gama abaxhasi besithi siyasizalisekisa. Umzekelo, ngexesha lengxoxo kuMongameli Barack Obama'''ss abaphathi beqela ekufudukeni, abagxeki bagxininisa ukuba ukuphazamisa iBhunga lakhe limele ukuba "Lingamele ukuba iMithelelani ngokuthembeka" //igatya elidi lidibekiwe esifungo. Abaxhasi baphikisayo bathi izenzo zakhe zivumelekileyo ukuqhuba imigaqo yokuphendula i-grouglotrytivent, yaye ukungaphumeleli kolawulo lwe-grougnvolktivelktivent. NgalooSomsho sithethayo sithetha ukuba ngumsebenzi [F.]

IOath kwiMedia Commentary neSiphakamiso sikaWoluntu

Izixhobo zokukhupha iziphumo zezixhobo ze-media zisoloko ziququzelela iimpikiswano zomongameli Donald Trump, umzekelo, xa umongameli etyholwa ngokusetyenziswa kakubi kwamandla, okanye ngokungekho mthethweni, abahlalutyi bayabuza: umongameli ugcine isifungo sakhe? Oku kuyila iziphumo zezobupolitika kwaye kungenza ukuba aqhube iziphumo zezopolitiko. I-201919 yenkcaso kaMongameli Donald Trump, ngokomzekelo, iquka ingcebiso lokusetyenziswa kakubi kwamandla kunye nokuthintelwa kweBhunga. [FLD:] njengokuba abalawuli bendlu banikela ingxelo yokuba umgudu we-Atlantian unyazo lwe-Ukraine uphakatha ukuvavanyaza ityala ityala ye-atlantian echaza rhoqo ukuba ngaba umongameli wakhe ufanele aquququze uvavanyo ukuba ngabalawuli begunyaza kusini na. Indlu ye-Gasavelvelvel. Ngokulandelayo i-F.[1]

Izahlulo ezidityanisiweyo ngaphezu kokunyaniseka

Enye yezona nkqubela zilandelayo kwintetho yangoku luguqulo oluphumayo lobuRiphabliki oluthi lunyanzelisa umongameli ukuba afunde umGaqo-siseko, axhase imbono emxinwa yamandla olawulo. Okwangoku, uDemocrates noRiphabliki baphikisa ukuba isifungo sifuna ukuba umongameli akhusele amaziko olawulo lwedemokhrasi, nokuba oko kuthetha igunya elikhulu. Ezi zindululo zimele ziphembelela umongameli ukuba afunde ihambo yomongameli kuqala, axhase imbono enciphileyo yegunya lolawulo lolawulo oluphezulu. Umthetho uninzi lwe Democrats luthiye lwathi thiya ukuba isifungo sifuna ukuba ukhuselwe idemokhrasi, nokuba kuthetha igunya elibanzi. Ezi zicaciswayo azingolwazi nje; ziphembele indlela abavoti ngayo umongameli abafanele ukuchasa ngayo ulawulo, ukuqinisekisa, kunye nokulawula ulawulo lwezibomgqeqesho.

Ioath Njengophawu Lokuphendula Kwezobupolitika

Ngapha koko kuthethwayo, isifungo sisebenza njengebheni-bheji yetyala kwimimandla emininzi eqinileyo: ukuchotshelwa kwasemthethweni, ukunyanzeliswa kwemigaqo yokuziphatha, kunye nokuthenjwa kwabantu.

Inkcenkceshelo Nesikhuseli

UMgaqo-siseko unikela ukuba umongameli asuswe kwisikhundla sakhe ngokungacetyiswa, nokuqiniseka, "Isizathu, isifumbathiso, okanye ezinye iziBhoqo eziphezulu kunye nezingalawulekiyo". Isifungo somongameli asidweliswanga ngokucacileyo njengetyala elingalawulekiyo, kodwa siye saba ngumgangatho ocacileyo nxamnye nokuba ihambo engacaciswanga. IKomiti yeNdlundlo-engameleyo ibekwe ngokuthembeka. [FVFOLT] Le ngcamango iphendulwe ngokulandelana kweso siso somGaqo-siseko, abantu baseUnited States babeka ukukholosa kwabo kuMongameli ukuba 'inyanzelo loMthetho ugwetywe ngokuthembeka. [FOFLG.] [FON] [12] [FLT]

Imilinganiselo yokuziphatha Nesinyithi

Imithetho yemilinganiselo yokuziphatha elungelelanisiweyo ifuna bonke abasebenzi bakarhulumente, kuquka umongameli, ukuba baphephe iimfazwe zenzala nokungacaluli. Ngoxa umongameli engabekwanga phantsi kwemimiselo yolwaphulo-mthetho efuna intlukwano ngendlela efanayo nabanye abasebenzi besebe abaphetheyo, isifungo sinyanzelisa imbopheleleko ebanzi yemithetho yokuziphatha. Oomongameli abasebenzisa isikhundla sabo ukwenzela inzuzo yemali yabo siqu , ngokubhekiselele kwiinkqubano zorhwebo zamanye amazwe, ukuzixhasa, okanye ukwamkela izipho. Ngokunjalo, umongameli umangalelwa rhoqo ngesithembiso esingundoqo sokusifungo sokusebenza kwinzala kawonke. [[FLT.0] Icebo lomthetho loburhulumente ngoko linokungagunyaziswa ngokwezo ezopoliti zezobupolitika ngaphandle kokuba unyanzelo olungenanjongo.

Ukuthenjwa Nguwonke Wonke Nendawo Yokulala

Ekugqibeleni, amandla esifungo axhomekeke kwinkolelo kawonke-wonke. Ukuba abemi bakholelwa ukuba umongameli uthatha isifungo nzulu kwaye ubotshelelwa kuso, isifungo siqinisa izithethe zedemokhrasi. Ukuba abemi bayasigxeka `ukusijonga njengesifungo njengendawo yemidlalo engenanto'.) Ngoko ukukwazi kwabo ukunyanzela ukuziphatha okuphezulu kuyancipha. Uvavanyo lubonisa ukuba ukuthemba uwonke wonke urhulumente kuye kwaphelelwa kumgangatho wolawulo ongaphambili, kwaye mhlawumbi, kunye naso, ukufezekisa okugqalwa kokungangcwele kwesifungo somongameli. Kwanakwixesha lokungakholelwa, isifungo sigcina isidima somfuziselo. Xa umongameli eqonda ukuba waphule isifungo, ucaphukiswe nguwonke ngokufuthi ulandela. Isifungo sihlala singumqondiso wokuziphendulela, ukuba siyasebenza.

Ukucaciswa komGaqo-siseko kunye neNqaku

Esi sifungo sikwalawula indlela oomongameli abafikelela ngayo kwindlela yokutolika yomgaqo-siseko. Ukuqonda komongameli oko kuthethwayo "kukhusela, ukukhusela, nokukhusela umGaqo-siseko" kuphembelela ukumiswa kwekomiti, imiyalelo yegunya eliphezulu, kunye nomgangatho welungelo eliphezulu.

Imfundiso yokwalukelwa kwezinto ngokuchaseneyo.

Abameli ababambelele kwingcamango yomgaqo-siseko wantlandlolo .Imbono yokuba umGaqo-siseko ufanele uchazwe njengeziqu zawo zesakhelo sokuwuqonda, ngokunjalo-ukucaphula isifungo njengesibabophelelayo kukholo lombhalo. Umzekelo, uMongameli Ronald Reagan noMongameli uTrump bobabini abanyuliweyo babe ngabagwebi abamiselwe ukuba babambelele ngokungqongqo kwintsingiselo yoMgaqo-siseko. Ngokuchaseneyo, oomongameli abamkela "uMgaqo-siseko ophilayo" imbono yokuba intsingiselo yoMgaqo-siseko ivela kwibutho labantu, kwaye baphikisa isifungo sokuchaza ukuthembeka kwiinjongo ezibanzi namaxabiso aphezulu, hayi nje okubhaliweyo kwawo. Umongameli uFransistein Rooselt noMongameli wobabini uGancildon John Johnsonson baluke le ndlela yokusebenza kobulumko; ababumba nje imithetho yesizwe ngemimiselo yezongaliso lemimiselo lomthetho kunye nemithetho elawulayo.

Imiyalelo yegunya neOat

Imiyalelo elawulayo isoloko ijongene neengxaki zomthetho-siseko zezizathu zokuba bangaphaya kwegunya lomGaqo-siseko lomongameli, nto leyo ephakamisa imibuzo ngesifungo. Abachasi bomyalelo ophezulu bangaphikisa ukuba kuchasene nokwahlulwa komagunya okanye uburhulumente, kwaye ngaloo ndlela yenza ulwaphulo lwesifungo somongameli sokuxhasa uMgaqo-siseko. Abaxhasi bangaphikisa ukuba umgaqo olawulayo kukusetyenziswa okusemthethweni kwegunya lomongameli kwisakhiwo sokufungisa. Ngamanye amaxesha inkundla ithetha ngesifungo, ingakumbi xa ivavanyanisa ukuba izenzo zikamongameli ugqitha imida yomgaqo-siseko. Umzekelo, [[FLTB:0] uBambele umlawuli wephondo umlawuli umqulu & Tube. Cov. V. V. [FL.F.1] [5], iNkutshona kwetyala elipheleleyo leNkulawula iNkundlalo, i-Trumanman, i- Truman, ithe win, ingu egadlam, ingu ekwayongago, ingunxanxanxanxathe yalo yemfazwe epheleleyo ngexesha lokugadiyo e

IOath kunye negunya lobuMongameli kwimicimbi yamazwe angaphandle

Imicimbi yamazwe angaphandle iphakamisa ucelomngeni olungaqhelekanga lokuqinisekisa ukunyaniseka. UMgaqo-siseko unika umongameli igunya eliphangaleleyo njengentloko-nkosi kunye nomphathi-mikhosi, kodwa kwakhona ugcine amagunya athile , anjengokuvakalisa imfazwe kunye nokungquzulana. / kweSivumelwano. Abameli abasuka kuJefferson ukuya ku-Obama baye bayalela ngelinye ixesha ukulwa ngaphandle kwemvume yokuquququzelelwa, bephikisa ukuba umsebenzi wesifungo wokukhusela uhlanga olugwebezekileyo. Abagxeki baphikisana nokuba le nkcazelo inciphisa ukwahlukana kwamandla kwaye bangquzulanisa imfuneko yesifungo "Sccici, khusela, kwaye bakhusela" isakhiwo somgaqo-siseko soburhulumente njengesivumelwano esipheleleyo. Ingxoxo ephambili yentetho yomthetho-siseko, kunye nesifungo esisebenza njengendawo ephindaphindwayo yokwalathathswayo yoonke. [F.]

Isingxobo nomhlaba wale mihla wamanzi

Kwixesha le-intanethi nemithombo yamajelo eendaba ehlukeneyo, isifungo somongameli siye sathatha imilinganiselo emitsha. Uxwebhu ngalunye lomongameli, isenzo solawulo, okanye ihlazo lihlolisiswa ngokukhawuleza ukuze lingaguquguquki nesifungo. Olu hlolisiso 24/7 lungandisa ukubaluleka kwesifungo okanye lusijongele phantsi, kuxhomekeka kumongo waso.

Ukuthembeka kwe-Daviation kunye no-oth der

Ngoku oomongameli banxibelelana ngqo noluntu oluphakathi kumaqonga afana no-Twitter (ngoku engu-X), uFacebook, kunye ne-Instagram. Olu nxibelelwano olungqalileyo ludlula kwizihluzi zemveli zemveli kodwa lukwadala amathuba amatsha okusetyenziswa kwesifungo. Xa umongameli ethetha into ebonakala iphikisana nemisebenzi yabo yobuqu kunye nesenzo soburhulumente sibhityebhetyebhetye, nto leyo ebangela ukuba isifungo siqondwe okanye sinconywe ngoozwila-oomashiqela bangaphandle. Abaxhasi basenokuphikisana nokuba umongameli uchaza ngokucacileyo iimbono, hayi kumsebenzi osemthethweni. Umgca ophakathi kwentetho yobuqu nezenzo zoburhulumente ubhinqikelelo, usenza kube mfinyelo, ucace indlela esiqondwa ngayo nesigqibo esigunyaziso esisetyenziswayo kwaye sinyanzelwe.

Inkcazelo Ephosakeleyo Nesikhuseli

Abalawuli abasasaza ulwazi olububuxoki okanye olulahlekisayo baphakamisa imibandela eyodwa ngokuphathelele isifungo. Umzekelo, umongameli ufuna "ukuphumeza ngokuthembeka" i-ofisi, abaninzi abayichaza njengomsebenzi ofunekayo ukuba yinyaniso kubantu baseMelika. Umongameli osoloko ethetha ubuxoki usenokutyholwa ngokuthoba intetho yedemokhrasi nokungathembi okupheleleyo kwesifungo. Ngexesha lobhabhabhathi-19, abagxeki baphikisa ukuba ngoko uTrump ubuxoki benkcazelo elahlekisayo ngentsholongwane nonyango lwakhe oluchaseneyo nokukhusela uhlanga. Abameli baphikisa ukuba isifungo asifuni ukuchana okupheleleyo kwesifungo kwaye sisoloko sisebenzisa ubuchule obucwangcileyo. Le ngxoxo igxininisa isifungo somcimbiso kwindima yolwazi olukwimekobume apho inyaniso ikhuphiswane khona.

Ibala Lemijuxuzo

Abathathi-nxaxheba basoloko becela isifungo ngexesha lamaphulo, bethembisa ukuba "babambe umGaqo-siseko" okanye "baphelise uhlanga." Le ndlela yokuthetha ingenza amathemba anokuba luphawu oluphezulu lokuhlola umsebenzi kamongameli. Xa umongameli esebenza ngokungangqinelani nezithembiso zephulo, abachasi bangaphikisa ngokuthi isifungo sophulwe. Isifungo sidibanisa iphulo lokulawula intelekelelo, sisenza kube nzima ukuba oomongameli bajikele kude kwimiqathango enye. Le mpembelelo ichazwa ngokukhethekileyo kwimicimbi efana nezokufuduka, ukurhweba, ukhuseleko lobuzwe, apho umsantsa phakathi kwezivumelwano nemithetho-siseko inokuba banzi.

Ucelomngeni Lokuphumelela Kwesifuba

Nangona sinamandla ahlala ehleli, esi sifungo somongameli sijamelana neengxaki eziphawulekayo kule nkulungwane yama - 21.

Ukungavisisani Okungokwasemthethweni Nezobupolitika

INkundla Ephakamileyo iye yaqonda ukuba oomongameli banandipha ukukhuselwa okubanzi komonakalo wabemi ngenxa yezenzo ezisemthethweni, kwaye iSebe leJaji leSebe leMithetho lithe i-Ofisi yeSebe leMicimbi yaBasemthethweni lathi kudala umongameli akanakubekwa ityala. Oku kumiswa okusemthethweni kungenza umsantsa phakathi kwesithembiso sokuphendula kwesithembiso sobutyala kunye neenkqubo ezisebenzayo zokunyanzelisa. Ukuba umongameli akanako ukujamelana netyala lolwaphulo-mthetho xa eseofisini, kwaye ukuba ukungathobeki kwemithetho-mthetho yinkqubo yezopolitilitiko kunokuba ibe yinkqubo elawulayo, ngoko isithembiso sokubulawa ngokuthembeka sixhomekeke kakhulu kwinjongo yezobupolitika nesobugqeqele. Xa loo mikhosi ibuthathaka, ukuthemba okusezantsi, okanye ukuphumelela kolawulo lukawonke-rhulumente, okanye ukusebenza kweBhunga-orhulumente kusenokuncitshiswa. Abanye abaphengululi bezomthetho baye bacebisa oko, njengoko kucacisa oko kusenziwa, kodwa kunyanzelwa isigwebo esinyanzelo soburhulumente esisemthethweni.

Ukwenziwa kwelanga kunye neOath

Ukuhlaziywa kwemimiselo kuphelisa amandla esifungo sokusebenza njengomgangatho owahlukeneyo. Xa abavoti kunye nabezobupolitika bengasavumelani ngezibakala ezisisiseko okanye ngemigaqo yesiseko, isifungo sinokuba yi-cudgel ediverse kunokuba sibe yisibopho sokudibanisa. Kwimekobume edibeneyo, isenzo esifanayo . njengokukhula kwamandla olawulo okanye ukuthoba ingqungquthela ephezulu okanye ukuthoba i-systipanel . Ukugatya oku kuzakubonwa liqela elinye njengelophulelo lomfungo, kodwa ukufezekisa elo qela njengenzaliseko. Oku kungadibanisela amanyathelo okuziphendulela, njengokungaqeqeshwa, kwaye kunciphise igunya lesifungo njengomthombo wokulawula ngokomthetho wezopolitiko. Ukugalelo kuya kufuna ukuphinda kudibane nemilinganiselo imilinganiselo yomthetho-siseko, kodwa ukufezeka oko kungathi ukufezeka komnye kweqela elikungakufutshane.

Imeko yomhlaba wonke kunye nengqikelelo lokuthelekisa

I-United States ayiyodwa efuna intloko yayo yelizwe ukuba ifunge. Iidemokhrasi ezininzi zineemfuno ezifanayo, kwaye ukuthelekisa amava azo kungakhanyisa amandla nobuthathaka bolwazi lwamaMelika. EFransi, umongameli ufunga "ukulondoloza ingqibelelo yelizwe" no "ukuqinisekisa intlonelo ngomGaqo-siseko". EJamani, umlawuli wephondo uthembisa "ukukhuthaza imigudu yam yokuqhuba intlalo-ntle yabantu baseJamani" kwaye "ulungise uMthetho osisiseko" kwaye ujongene nemiqobo efanayo. La maqabane angaphandle ajongene nemingeni efanayo: indlela yokunyanzela isifungo, indlela yokuqhuba ukuchasana, nendlela yokugcina ukholo kumsebenzi kawonke. Inkqubo yeMerika ithembisa ukungaxhomekeki kwicala lokunganyani kwezenzi noxinzelelo lwezopolitiko kunokuba iliso lomthetho luphawu olwahlukileyo olunokusetyenziswa nezingalinganiyo zoluvo lwalamgalelo lwabemi abahlala kunye noluvo olulungele ulawulo olulungele ulawulo.

Isiphelo: Amandla Ahlala Ehleli Esithembiso

Isifungo somongameli sisifungo esilula, kodwa intsingiselo yaso ixoxwe kwaye yaphindwa kwakhona kwiinkulungwane. Ukusuka kwiinjongo zabaseki ukuya kwimpikiswano yakutshanje yezopolitiko, isifungo sisebenza njengesikhumbuzo esiqhubekayo sokuba umongameli lisikhundla sokuthembeka, hayi imvume yokulawula. Sidibanisa ulawulo ngalunye kumthetho-siseko oya phambili kwaye uza kulandela. Impembelelo yentetho yezopolitiko yale mihla ingulo: inika ingxubeko yokuziphendulela, isiqinisekiso sokuziphatha, isiqinisekiso sokuphakamisa intetho, kwaye amandla okulawula isimilo somongameli. Kodwa amandla ayo axhomekeke ekukholelweni kwabantu baseMerika nabameli babo abaya kusithi baphumele idinga idinga ityala. Xa inkolelo leyo, yenza uvavanyo olungenakuze luqhubeke, inteko yoluvo lwezolawulo lwamapolitiki, kodwa ayaqhubeka ngokunjalo, isenza iinguqulo nganye ye-demodeliki ye-demodeli, ingulowo umgaqo esihlala ingulowo udidi esiphicotho lwezo, kodwa isithembiso esithenjikadeli nje kuphela, njengoko kulindele ukuba abemi, njengoko kulindele ukuba

Ukufunda Okungakumbi Noovimba