Ugcino-mali lwamanzi luyenye yezona zinto zinzima emhlabeni wonke zenkulungwane engamashumi amabini anesihlanu. Ngokutshintsha kwemozulu okukhulisa imbalela, ukuphelisa imithombo yamanzi acocekileyo, ibutho labantu kufuneka lamkele ngokungxamise ubuchule bokusebenzisa amanzi angakumbi. Ngoxa ubugcisa bobugcisa kunye nolawulo lweziko lolawulo lubalulekile, abanakuphumelela ngaphandle kolwazi nokhuthazo lukawonke-wonke. Inkqubo yemfundo lusiseko olunobuchule olunokuguqula isimilo sexesha elide, luxhobisa izizukulwana ezizayo ngolwazi lokulondoloza amanzi, nokukhuthaza impucuko yobuphathi obunenkathalo. Ngobuchule obuzinzileyo bokulondolozela amanzi kwizifundo zesikolo, uqeqesho, uqeqesho, kunye noluntu, oorhulumente abaqhuba impembelelo yeminye imigudu yokulondoloza amanzi. Eli nqaku lihlola indlela yokuphucula impumelelo, ukuhlola ubuchule benkqubela nokuphumelela kwehlabathi, ukuphumelela kwemigaqo yenkqubela, ukuphumelela kwemithetho yemithetho yemithetho yehlabathi.

Ukubaluleka Kwemfundo Ekulondolozweni Kwamanzi

Imfundo iguqula indlela abantu abayiqonda ngayo imeko-bume yabo kunye neembopheleleko zabo ngaphakathi kuyo. Xa abantwana kunye nabaselula befunda ngomjikelo wamanzi, inzululwazi yokuswela, iziphumo zongcoliso, kunye nomlinganiselo woluntu wokungena kwamanzi, bavelisa inkqubo yengqondo ekhokela izigqibo zabo zobomi. Uphando lusoloko lubonisa ukuba imfundo yemekobume ikhokelela kutshintsho olunokufikeleleka kwindlela yokuziphatha: ukuncitshiswa komjikelo wasekhaya, ukungenwa kwenxaxheba kwimisebenzi yokulondoloza amanzi asekuhlaleni, kunye nenkxaso engakumbi yemithetho yamanzi ehlala ikho (bona [[FLT: 0]] uNUNESCO] umsebenzi wemfundo yamanzi ).

Ngaphezu koko, imfundo ibangela ukuba kubekho intabalala. Abantwana abafunda ngokulondoloza amanzi esikolweni badla ngokuba ngoothunywashe ekhaya, baphembelela abazali nabantwana basekhaya ukuba basebenzise iindlela ezinjengokuvuza, ukusebenzisa imigqomo yemvula, kunye nokunciphisa ukunkcenkceshelwa komthetho. Oku kudluliselwa kolwazi okuphakathi kunceda ukufikelela kwemigaqo-nkqubo yemfundo kude lee lee klasi. Kumazwe apho imfundo esemthethweni ilinganiselwe, amaphulo okuphakamisa abantu, iinkqubo zemfundo ezisekelwe kuluntu zisebenza ngendlela efanayo, ukwakha umgangatho oqhelekileyo oluntu kumgangatho wabaphathi bamanzi.

Ungxamiseko lwalo mngeni wemfundo alunakuchazwa ngokugqithisileyo. NgokweZizwe Ezimanyeneyo, ngo-2025, amashumi amabini anesithathu abantu behlabathi basenokujamelana noxinezeleko lwamanzi. Ngaphandle kokuqonda okusasazekileyo ngengxaki kunye nezisombululo, kwanolona ncedo lungcono lokutyalwa kwemali luza kusilela. Inkqubo yemfundo emisela amanzi alondolozwayo asiyonto yobunewunewu bokuzimela ixesha elide.

Iinkalo Eziyintloko Zemfundo Yamanzi Enempumelelo

Ukufuduka kokuzinziswa kwamanzi kwi-Curicuula

Eyona ndlela ingqalileyo yokuqinisekisa ukuba umfundi ngamnye ufumana imfundo yokulondoloza amanzi kukuyifaka kwizifundo zesizwe okanye zelizwe. Oku akuthethi ukuba bafake i-alamen-al “udidi lwamagama” kodwa kunoko bathunga imixholo kwizifundo ezikhoyo. Kwinzululwazi, abafundi bayakwazi ukufunda umjikelo wamanzi, ihydrology, kunye nempembelelo yemekobume yokulima nobugcisa. Kwizifundo zoluntu, bangahlola imiba yamanzi akhoyo, ukungqubana okusukrubayo, nembali yolawulo lwamanzi. Kwizibalo, ugcino-data lokusetyenziswa kwamanzi lungasetyenziswa njengegrafu, uhlalutyo, uphando, kunye neengxaki zokulungisa ingxaki. Kulwimi, ubugcisa, abafundi bayakwazi ukuhlalutya iindiso olunelisayo malunga nokulondolo lwamanzi nokubhala iintwana zabo.

Amazwe amaninzi amkele iindlela ezidityanisiweyo. Umzekelo, Inkqubo ye-Australia yeNational Education Education inika oovimba abadibanisa imixholo yamanzi nemigangatho engundoqo yohlelo lwezifundo kunyaka wonke (] ubulumko base-Australia). EMzantsi Afrika, iSebe lemfundo esisiseko elisebenzisanayo noHlahlolo lwamanzi lweKhomishini yophando lokuphuhlisa i-“Water kwiZikolo". Izinto ezinxulumene ngqo neCurculum kunye noMganganiso (CPGPS). Unxulumano olunjalo luqinisekisa ukuba ukugcinwa kwamanzi akunyaziswangaphathwa njengesihloko se-equatcho kodwa njengenxalenye engundoqo yemfundo jikelele.

Uqeqesho Lomfundisi- ntsapho Nophuhliso

Kwanoluhlu lokufundisa olungcono alusebenzi ukuba abafundisi- ntsapho abakulungelanga ukudlulisela. Abaninzi abaqeqeshi baziva bengakhululekanga ukufundisa imixholo yemekobume ngenxa yokuba abanalwazi olunzulu okanye intembelo. Iinkqubo zemfundo ezisebenzayo ngoko ziquka iinkqubo zoqeqesho ezibanzi ezikhoyo kunye neziqukwayo. Abafundisi- ntsapho abafuni nje kuphela izibakala zenzululwazi kodwa badinga amacebo enzululwazi okwenza iingcamango ezithe ngqo (amanzi afakwe ekutyeni nasentweni) eziphathekayo kwaye asebenza kubomi babafundi.

Iiprojekthi zomsebenzi, izikolo zehlobo, kunye neezifundo zengingqi ze-intanethi zingakha ubuchule bokufundisa. Umzekelo, Projeni i-WET (Imfundo yeSikolo Namhlanje) inkqubo ye-United States inika uqeqesho lwezandla kubafundisi-bafundisi-mfundo abangaphezu kwe-100 000 ngonyaka, zibaxhobisa ngezifundo kunye namaqela ahlangabezana nemilinganiselo yesizwe. Ngokufanayo, inkqubo ye-Indiya ye-Ecoco-Schools inkqubo yezifundo zokufundisa nolwazi loontanga. Xa abafundisi- ntsapho bevakalelwa kukuba baxhaswe, basenokuba bayakwazi ukunikezela ixesha kwimixholo yamanzi kwaye banceda uhlobo lokufuna ukuphanda okuhlala kulwazi.

Ubandakanyeko loLuntu kunye noManyano lweSikolo

Izikolo azisebenzi kwi-athom. Iinkqubo zemfundo yamanzi ezinempumelelo zikhuthaza izikolo ukuba zinxulumane nezi zixhobo zamanzi zasekuhlaleni, ii-NGO, abalimi, neenkokeli zoluntu. Ezi nkonzo zingenza ukuba isiseko sobomi sisebenze kakuhle kumzekelo wokucela injineli yokulungisa amanzi ukuba ithethe, ngokumkela umlambo wasekuhlaleni wokucoca nokuhlola, okanye ngokubandakanya abafundi kwiphulo lokuhlola kwasekhaya elivuzayo. Umanyano lwasekuhlaleni lukwaqinisekisa ukuba imigudu yokufundisa ifanelekile kwaye ilungele iingxaki zamanzi asekuhlaleni, nokuba yimbalela kwimimandla eyinkqantonga okanye kumanzi.

Umzekelo omnye ophawulekayo ngu Iphulo leMihla yeKhatha lokufundisa ngexesha lembalela yonyaka ka-2018. Isixeko sasebenza nezikolo zokusasaza amaziko athutha amanzi kunye neeplani zemfundo, kwaye abafundi baba ngabathunywa kwiintsapho zabo malunga nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwemalitha ezingama-50 umntu ngamnye ngosuku. Iphulo lanegalelo ekuncitshisweni okuphawulekayo kwamanzi akwisixeko sonke, ebonisa amandla ekhompyutha yesikolo.

Ubuxhakaxhaka Bobugcisa Nezakhiwo Zesikolo Ezigudileyo

Inkqubo yemfundo kufuneka ikhuthaze ukusetyenziswa kobugcisa ukwenza amanzi angenelele kakhulu kwaye abonise ukulondolozwa komsebenzi. Iimfaniso ezisebenzisanayo, uhambo lwentsimi oluzizo ukuya kumanzi aphelisiwe, kunye neebhodi zogcino-lwazi ezibonisa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi okwenene zinokuba nomdla kubafundi. Kwangaxeshanye, izikolo ngokwazo zingasebenza njengeehibrarystiki eziphilayo. Ukufakela phantsi izikhuseli, iinkqubo zokugawula amanzi emvula, kunye neenkqubo zokuhlisa amanzi empumlo azinciphi nje kuphela kodwa zinika umzekelo ophathekayo kubafundi ukuba bafunde baze balinganise nomlinganiselo.

[[FLT: 0] Iimitha zamanzi ezikolweni zingadityaniswa kwizibalo kunye nezifundo zemfundo, zivumela abafundi ukuba bahlolisise iipateni zokusetyenziswa komsebenzi kunye nophawulo lwe-ifficiencies. Kwi-United Kingdom, i- i-“Sikolo samanzi Esongezelelweyo Inkqubo yamanzi"[ sinika ukuphicotha kunye nenkxaso yezixhobo zokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo, zidityaniswe nezinto zokufundisa. Xa abafundi bebona isikolo sabo sigcina amanzi ngokobuqu kwaye sinemfundo enamandla. Imigaqo yemfundo enika uqingqo lwabiwo lwemali kunye nokufunda iziphumo eziluncedo.

Ukufundisisa Ityala Nokuthabatha Amanyathelo Aphumelelayo

Iinkqubo ezininzi zemfundo ezisungulwe kakuhle zibonise ukuba iinkqubo zemfundo zingavelisa impumelelo enokufumaneka. Enye yezona mizekelo zicatshulweyo yi- California of Later Education Program yeKhaliya yaseCalifornia, eyakhulayo kwimbalela karhulumente eqhubekayo. Ngokudibanisa iSebe leMivukelo yamanzi ehlala iKhalifoniya kunye nengeniso ezifana ne-Mater Education Foundation, izikolo zafumana imvume yokusebenzisa imisebenzi yokulondoloza amanzi, kuquka iinkqubo ze-gray yamanzi kunye nezitiya zemvula. Ukuhlola kwabonisa ukuba inxaxheba kwizikolo kusetyenziswa amanzi ngokwesiqhelo ngo-15-20%, kunye notshintsho olubalulekileyo kulwazi nokuziphatha kwasekhaya.

Enye imodeli enamandla yinkqubo yemfundo yamanzi yakwaSirayeli. Ijoni lika-. Ijoni le-Israel elithe gqiza ukunqongophala kwamanzi, imixholo yamanzi kwizifundo zesizwe ukusuka kwisikolo esiphambili phambili. IMerot inkampani yamanzi yamazwe kunye noMbutho woMsebenzi wemfundo wamazwe waphuhlisa inkqubo “Yonke iPhondo" inkqubo equka uhambo lwamasimi ukukhulula izityalo, izibonelelo zokulahla amanzi, izibonelelo zokuhambisa amanzi, kunye nokutshisa. Abafundi base-Israbhini abafundi ngolondolo kodwa nangophuhliso ubugcisa kubaphathi bamanzi. Esi siseko sokufundisa sixhasa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi ehlabathi lonke uSirayeli, ngaphezu kwe-85% kunye nemeko lwamanzi angaphandle kobugcisa kunye nanjengolwazi lwamanzi.

Kwilizwe elandayo, iKeneya’s Water and Sanitation Education Programme (WASEP) iye yasebenzisa indlela esekelwe kwisikolo ukuphucula zombini ulwazi lwamanzi kunye nococeko. Ukusebenza kuBangmini wemfundo, umfundisi- ntsapho oqeqeshiweyo, unika izihluzo zamanzi kunye nokuhlamba izitishi zasandla kwizikolo, kwaye abafundi bafaka inxaxheba ekuhloleni ubunjani bamanzi kwingingqi yabo. Uvavanyo oluyimfihlelo lweWorld Bank lufumanise ukuba izikolo ezibandakanyekileyo kwi-30% yesifo samanzi esithwalwa abafundi kunye neentsapho zabo, kwanokwanda konyango lwamanzi. Oku kubonisa ukuba inkqubo yemfundo iphucul iziphumo zempilo, ngokukodwa xa zixhaswa ngenkxaso.

Ngoxa ezi mpumelelo zikhuthaza, zikwabalaselisa ukubaluleka kokuxhaswa kwemali nokuzibophelela kwezobupolitika. Ucwangciso lweKhalifoniya, umzekelo, lujongene nokunqanyulwa koqingqo-mali emva kokuba ingxamiseko yexeshanadama ithe yadamba, kwaye ezinye izikolo zayishiya imisebenzi yazo yokulondoloza. Uzinzo lwenkqubo lubalulekile ukuze kufikelelwe iinguqulelo zempucuko yexesha elide.

Ucelomngeni Namathuba

Ucelomngeni Oluqhubekayo

Ngaphandle kweenzuzo ezicacileyo, ukuzalisekisa iinkqubo ezisebenzayo zokufundisa ngamanzi kujongene nemiqobo emininzi. Ingxaki edityanisiweyo mhlawumbi yeyona ixhaphakileyo: uqingqo-mali lwesikolo lusoloko luxinaniswa, kwaye imfundo yamanzi inqabile ukubekwa phambili xa ikhuphisana nemixholo engundoqo efana nezibalo, ukufunda, kunye nenzululwazi. Ixesha lomfundisi likwasikelwe umda; abaqeqeshi abaninzi baziva benyanzelekile ukuba “bandakanyeke kuvavanyo” kwaye bangajonga imixholo yemekobume njengeyongeyo, kunokuba bajonge inxalenye edityaniswe kwizifundo zoludwe.

Imali yabafundisi- ntsapho abaqeqeshiweyo yenye into ethintelayo. Kwanalapho kukho khona isikolo, abafundisi- ntsapho abanakuqiniseka okanye ulwazi lokufundisa imixholo yamanzi ngokunempumelelo, ingakumbi ukuba abanalwazi oluyinzululwazi. Inkqubela-phambili yobugcisa ithatha ixesha nemali, zombini ezi zinto zinqabileyo kwiinkqubo ezininzi.

Umahluko wengingqi nowendawo ukwadala iingxaki. Kwamanye amazwe, ulondolozo lwamanzi sele lunexabiso elinzulu; kwezinye, amanzi anokubonwa njengeninzi okanye njengecebo elingenamda. Iinkqubo zemfundo kufuneka zithambe ngokwaneleyo ukuqwalasela leyantlukwano ngaphandle kokuba zididekile kangangokuba zingakwazi ukuqhuba inguqulelo.

Ekugqibeleni, umlinganiselo noxanduva [ kunzima. Kunzima ukulinganisela impembelelo yemfundo ekusetyenzisweni kwamanzi ngenxa yokuba kukho oothunywashe abaninzi abaphembelela ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi. Ngaphandle kwemiqathango ecacileyo, iinkqubo zemfundo zingazama ukuthethelela ukwabelana kwabo ngoqingqo-mali lwamanzi olulinganiselweyo.

Ukuvelisa Amathuba

Noko ke, amathuba abalulekileyo akhona ukwandisa nokuqinisa imfundo yamanzi. Ulwamkelo lwenjongo yophuhliso olunamasko-maskomfa kunye nolwamkelelo lwendawo yonke lweenjongo zophuhliso oluNciphiweyo (SDGS), ingakumbi SD 4.7] (imfundo yophuhliso oluzinzileyo) kunye SDG 6 [ (amanzi acocekileyo kunye nogutyuwa), inika inkqubo oorhulumente abaninzi abasele beyenze kuyo. Amazwe amaninzi anokufaka inkqubo yokunika ingxelo yawo ye-SDG] iquka izibonelelo zemfundo yamanzi, uxinzelelo lwendalo ukuqokelela iimpahla.

Izixhobo zokufunda ze-Digital lelinye ithuba elingundoqo. U-Ulwenziso lwamanzi Iprojekthi kunye ne IGoogle] ye-“Sinyuko se-Web six" [[[FLT:] inika iimodyuli eziluncedo ezinokufikelela abafundi ngaphaya kweklasi, kuquka kwimimandla ekude okanye yemibhobho. Iinkqubo zokutshintshisana zidibanisa amagumbi kwimimandla yamanzi ne-scarce, zikhuthaza ukuqondwa komhlaba kunye nentlukwano yengxaki enxulumeneyo.

Umanyano lwezenkqulu-bucala lungazalisa izithuba. Amanzi anezikhuthazo ezinamandla zokuzibophelela kwimfundo kuba anciphisa iindleko zexesha elizayo kwaye aphucula ulwamkelo lukawonke-wonke lwezicwangciso kunye nemiqathango. Umzekelo, AmaZiko-Melika e-Manzi anika “ukufundisa izakhiwo ze-'maskomfa'”[ unika uqeqesho olukhululekileyo kunye nootitshala kwizikolo ezingaphezulu kwama-3000. Abaphathi benkqubo zolawulo zexesha elizayo bangenza umgaqo-ophatho olusemthethweni ngokwezikolo-aamsko-' okanye izikhungo zerhafu yerhafu ezixhasa imfundo yamanzi.

Enye indlela ethembisayo yi ungenelelo olusekelwe kwizoqoqosho . Uphando lubonisa ukuba ukunika abafundi kunye nentsapho inkcazelo efakelweyo kusetyenziso lwamanzi. Ngokufana nokuthelekisa usetyenziso lwazo kubamelwane .ukucutha kwesantya ukuya ku10%. Xa le ngxelo iqaliswe kwiinkqubo ezisekelwe kwisikolo, isiphumo singanyuswa luxinzelelo loontanga kunye nezithethe zasekuhlaleni. Inkqubo yemfundo kufuneka ikhuthaze umqhubi wenqwelo-moya azame ukuvavanya nokusebenzisana kolona qheliselo lulungileyo.

Isiphelo

Amanzi angobobuchule okanye ulawulo oluqhelekileyo. Izigidi zabantu zisenza yonke imihla, zihlamba ixesha elide kangakanani, nokuba zivumela ifaucet ukuba ihambe ngexesha lokuhlamba amazinyo, ukutya abakuthengayo, nendlela ezijikelezisa ngayo iimitha zazo . Ngokukhawuleza ziqikelela impilo yenkqubo yamanzi. Inkqubo yemfundo yesona sixhobo sinamandla esinako ukubumba ezo ndlela zihlala zihleli, ziqinileyo.

Ukuze baphumelele, abaququzeleli benkqubo kufuneka bahambele phambili ngaphaya kwemigangatho encinane yokusetyenziswa kwamanzi okusingqongileyo yaye endaweni yoko baphucule ukhuseleko lwamanzi oluntu kuzo zonke iinkqubo zokufundisa, ukuvelisa uqeqesho lomfundisi- ntsapho, ukukhuthaza umanyano lwasekuhlaleni, nokusebenzisa ubugcisa ukuze benze ukufunda kube nenxaxheba kwaye kuqhubekeke. Ubungqina obuvela eKhalifoniya, eKenya, nabanye oovulindlela kufuneka babonise ukuba ungeniso olunjalo lokusetyenziswa kwamanzi ancitshisiweyo, ukuphuculwa kobomi babantu, kunye nokukhuselwa koluntu. Ingxaki yamanzi yomhlaba jikelele iya kukhula kuphela emashumini eminyaka ezayo; ixesha lokufundisa isizukulwana sabaphathi bamanzi ngoku. Oorhulumente, izikolo, kunye noluntu kufuneka zisebenze kunye ukuqinisekisa ukuba bonke abafundi abangenalwazi okanye indawo engasemva, kunye nobuchule bokuwasebenzisa amanzi, kunye nokuwakhusela ngobulumko abo baseza.