Ukuhanjiswa kwezempilo eUnited States kuxhomekeke kumsebenzi ontsonkothileyo wesizwe, wesizwe, nowasekuhlaleni. Phakathi kwaba, oorhulumente basekuhlaleni `amatyala, oomasipala, kunye nemimandla ekhethekileyo yempilo-mpilo-mpilo-yoluntu kunye nelungiselelo lenkonzo engqalileyo. Zizinto abahlali abadibana kuqala nazo xa befuna ukugonywa, ukuhlolwa kwempilo yentlalo, ukunyanzeleka konyango longxamiseko, kunye nokunyanyekelwa kwebutho labantu. Ukuqonda umgangatho, iingxaki, kunye nemisebenzi ephambili kwimibutho yezonyango yasekuhlaleni kuyimfuneko kubenzi bezonyango, iingcali zezempilo karhulumente, kunye nabameli bengingqi yengingqi ngokufanayo.

Indima karhulumente wasekuhlaleni ekunyamekeleni impilo iye yabonakala ngokuphawulekayo kule nkulungwane idlulileyo. Imigudu yoluntu yangaphambili ebhekiselwa kukhuseleko logutyulo, ukwahlukana kwabantu, kunye nokuthintelwa kwezifo ezasulelayo. Namhlanje, amasebe ezonyango asekuhlaleni (LHD) alawula i-porto ebanzi equka ukuthintelwa kwezifo ezingapheliyo, uomama kunye nabantwana, iinkonzo zempilo, kunye nokuzilungiselela kongxamiseko. Amasebe onyango onyango oluntu amalunga nama-800 000 ukuya kumawaka aliqela abantu. La masebe asoloko engowona aphambili akhusela abantu abangakhangeliyo, enza umsebenzi wawo ube ngowona ubalulekileyo kwintlalo olulungeleyo.

Imbali Yokuzivelela Kwempilo Yorhulumente Wasekuhlaleni

Imvelaphi yokubandakanyeka kukarhulumente wasekuhlaleni ekunyamekeleni impilo isukela emva kwinkulungwane ye-19, xa izixeko ezisunguliweyo zezonyango zokulwa nekholera, i-tyroy fever, kunye nokuqhambuka kwesifo sephepha. Ukudalwa kwesebe lokuqala lezonyango likamasipala eBaltimore ngo1798 kwaphawula ukuvunywa kwangaphambili kokuba urhulumente wayenembopheleleko yokukhusela impilo yoluntu. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, umlinganiselo wezi mbopheleleko wandiswa ukuquka ukuhlolwa komgangatho wamanzi, ukuhlolwa kokhuseleko lokutya, kunye neenkqubo zesikolo zempilo.

Inkulungwane yama-20 yazisa iinguqu. ISivumelwano soKhuseleko loLuntu sowe-1935 sanikela inkxaso-mali yenkonzo yoomama kunye nabantwana, ezininzi zazo ezazisetyenziswa ngoorhulumente kunye namasebe ezempilo asekuhlaleni. UMthetho wezengqondo woMbutho wowe-1963 watshintsha ukunyanyekelwa kwemibutho emikhulu ukuya kwizicwangciso ezisekelwe eluntwini, ukubeka iimfuno ezintsha koorhulumente basekuhlaleni. Kutshanje, iAfford Care Act (ACA) yandisa ukunikezelwa nokuthintelwa, namasebe empilo asekuhlaleni edlala indima ebalulekileyo ekufumaneni uncedo kunye nocwangciso lwempilo.

Namhlanje, oorhulumente basekuhlaleni kufuneka balawule indlela eme ngayo iinguqu zempilo ezingapheliyo, abantu abalupheleyo, izifo eziqhambukayo neziphumo eziqhubekayo zesifo se-COVID-19. Isifo esibulalayo sichaphazele amandla neengxaki zezixhobo zoluntu, nto leyo ekhokelela ekufuneni ukulondolozwa kwemali nokuphuhliswa kwemisebenzi.

Iimbopheleleko Kwimpilo Yabantu Bonke Yanamhlanje

Oorhulumente basekuhlaleni baneembopheleleko zempilo yoluntu ezisisiseko ezikhusela uluntu lonke. Le misebenzi isoloko icwangciswe malunga neSicwangciso seSebe lezeMpilo loLuntu esilishumi esiPhakathi-phambili esenziwe liZiko lokuLawula nokuthintela izifo (CDC).

  • Ukujongwa kwesifo kunye nophando lwesifo esihlaselayo: ukuqwalasela izifo ezinika ingxelo, ukuhlalutya iziphumo zesiqhelo, kunye nokuqulathe iziphumo zoqhaphuko phambi kokuba zisasaze.
  • [[Umthetho we- umgaqo wempilo yejiyografi:[[FLT] Ukuhlola iivenkile zokutyela, amadama okudada, iinkqubo zokudada, kunye nokusela amanzi okukhusela ukugula.
  • [[UMTH: 0] Ukunyuselwa kweHealth kunye nemfundo: ukuyila nokuhambisa amaphulo kwimixholo enjengeyokugoma, ukukhutshwa kwecuba, kunye nomsebenzi womzimba.
  • [[Uphuhliso lobupolisa: 0] nokugcinwa komthetho: Ukunyulwa kwamagosa anyuliweyo kwimithetho enxulumene nempilo nokuqinisekisa imigaqo yempilo kawonke-wonke.
  • Ukulungiselela nokusabela: ukulungiselela iintlekele zemvelo, ukuqhambuka kwezifo, kunye neziganeko zobuphekula.

Imisebenzi yolawulo kunye nokwanda kwezifo

Amasebe ezempilo asekuhlaleni ngawokuqala ukufumanisa iindlela ezingaqhelekanga zokugula kuluntu. Ngovavanyo lwemizila yeencwadi, ukuxela, kunye nophando ngezifo ezibangelwa kukutya, izifo ze-antimic, kunye nezisongelo ezivelayo ezifana nentsholongwane ye-West Nile okanye i-COVID-19. Olu vavanyo luxhomekeke kwiinkqubo zogcino-lwazi ezomeleleyo nokusebenzisana nabasebenzi bezonyango, izikolo, kunye nee-laboratory.

Amagosa ezempilo asekuhlaleni ayakwazi ukukhupha imiyalelo yokuba kubekho ukhuseleko olufanelekileyo kunye nolawulo lwezopolitiko, ukwahlukaniswa okanye ukuvalwa kwezixhobo ezingakhuselekanga. Ngexesha lesifo se-COVID-19, amagosa amaninzi empilo abonakala ephakamile, akhupha izigunya zokufihla isigqubuthelo, aqokelela imida kunye nemiyalelo yokugoma. La mandla alungelelaniswe ngenkqubo efanelekileyo kunye nolawulo lwezopolitiko, ebalaselisa ulwalamano oluntsonko phakathi kwegunya loluntu nenkululeko yomntu ngamnye.

Impilo Nokhuseleko Lokusingqongileyo

Impilo yendawo engqongileyo iseyenye yezona misebenzi zibonakalayo nezinde zikarhulumente wasekuhlaleni. Abahlali kunye neengcali zezonyango lwemekobume baqhuba uhlolo oluqhelekileyo lweevenkile zokutyela, iivenkile zokutya, kunye nezixhobo zokulungisa ukutya ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukutya kukhuselekile. Kwakhona bajonge inkqubo yokuzikhusela, ukuvavanya amanzi alungileyo, kunye nokulawula iingozi ezikhoyo kwizindlu. Kwimimandla emininzi, oorhulumente basekuhlaleni balawula iinkqubo zokulawula iintsholongwane ukucutha kwengcongconi kunye nemichiza esasaza izifo ezifana neLyme diseasea nentsholongwane yeNtshona Mbili.

Ukutshintsha kwemozulu kuya kukhula. Amasebe ezempilo asekuhlaleni ayaqhubeka elungisa izifo ezinxulumene nobushushu, ukuphaphanyiswa komoya ophuma kumsi oshushu, kunye neziphumo zempilo kwiziganeko zemozulu ezimaxongo. Olu nyuko lufuna unxulumano olutsha namasebe amatsha okucwangcisa, amasebe olawulo lwemeko-bume kunye nemibutho yemekobume.

Ukudluliselwa kwenkonzo yonyango oluthe ngqo

Ukongeza kwimisebenzi yempilo kawonke-wonke, oorhulumente abaninzi basekuhlaleni basebenzisa ngqo izibonelelo zonyango kunye neenkqubo ezizalisa izithuba ezibalulekileyo kwinkqubo yonyango. Le misebenzi ibaluleke kakhulu kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni nangaphantsi kwedolophu apho abanikezeli bobuqu banqabile.

Iziko lempilo loLuntu kunye neziCwangciso zoKhuseleko

Oorhulumente basekuhlaleni baxhasa yaye baqhuba amaziko ezempilo aphambili asekuhlaleni anikela iinkonzo zonyango lwamazinyo, amacebiso ngempilo, kunye nekhemisti ngesikali semali esitshebelezayo esisekelwe kwingeniso. La maziko adla ngokubizwa ngokuba ziziko loManyano-ntle Lezempilo Elifanelekileyo (FQHCC) okanye iFQHC ekhangeleka njenge-as, ewafanelekela ukuhlawulwa ngokunelisa kwemali nokungabikho kwemali. Ngo-2022, amaziko ezempilo asebenza ngaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-30 kwi-30 kulo lonke elaseUnited States, uninzi lwawo lungangeniselwanga okanye lubhaliswe eMedicaid.

Izibhedlele zaseziqixeni zimisela esinye isiseko sokunikezelwa kwenkonzo ngqo. Malunga nama-25% azo zonke izibhedlele zase-United States zilawulwa ngurhulumente okanye ngoorhulumente basekuhlaleni. La maziko asoloko esebenza njengamaziko okungxwelerha, ukufundisa izibhedlele, kunye namaziko okhuseleko anikela inkathalo engazihlawulwayo kwingeniso ephantsi kunye nezigulana ezingahlawulwanga. Iingcinezelo zemali kwizibhedlele zengingqi ziye zanda ngenxa yokunciphisa intlawulo, ukunyuka kwexabiso lokunyamekela abasebenzi, kunye nokunqongophala kwabelwa yimisebenzi.

Iinkqubo zempilo yomntwana

Amasebe ezempilo asekuhlaleni alawula uludwe lweenkqubo zezempilo zoomama kunye nabantwana ezixhaswa yiSigqeba seSihlomelo V esinika imvume kunye noqikelelo lorhulumente. Ezi ziquka ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokunyamekela abantwana ngaphambi kokubeleka, iinkqubo zokutyelela ekhaya iintsapho ezikwi-trisk, uvavanyo, kunye nohlolo lwabantwana abasandul'ukuzalwa. Amabhinqa, iiNcana, kunye nabantwana (WIC) inkqubo yezondyebo zezondlo-"inkqubo karhulumente yezondlobo-/inkqubo yezondla esetyenziswa rhoqo ngamasebe ezempilo asekuhlaleni, ukubonelela ukutya okunesondlo, kunye nokuncelisa inkxaso enkxaso ekufumaneni amabhinqa akhulelweyo kunye nabantwana abancinane.

Ubungqina bubonisa ukuba ezi nkqubo ziphucula ukuzalwa, zinciphisa ukufa kwabantwana, zinyusa nokulungelelanisa izikolo. Noko ke, iqondo lemali alikhange lihambele phambili nexabiso elinyukayo, nto leyo ekhokelela ekunqongopheleni kwabasebenzi nasekunciphiseni amandla okusebenza kwezinye iindawo.

Amanyathelo Okukhuthaza Impilo Kawonkewonke

Ukuphucula impilo yabemi kufuna iindlela zokulungisa unobangela wezifo nokwenzakala.

Ukugonywa Kwezifo Nezifo Ezasulelayo

Amasebe ezempilo asekuhlaleni akwindawo ephambili ekugonyeni. Asebenzisa amakliniki okugoma abantu, aqhuba uphicotho-zincwadi lwesikolo, kwaye aphendula ekuqhambukeni kwezifo zegazi ezifana nemasisi kunye ne-petrolisi. Ngexesha lesifo se-COVID-19, i-LHDs ilungelelanisa amaphulo okugoma abantu abaninzi, ifikelela kubemi abasengozini kwikliniki yeselula, umanyano lwasekuhlaleni, kunye nokungenelela okuthengiselwa kwemiba.

Umlinganiselo wogonyo lweRoutine kubantwana nabantu abadala uhlala ungowona mlinganiso ungundoqo womsebenzi wamasebe ezempilo asekuhlaleni. Inkqubo yeCDC inika abantwana (VFC) izitofu zesisa zokugoma abantwana abafanelekileyo, kwaye iLHD idla ngokuba ngabona banikezeli-zibonelelo beVFC kuluntu olungaphantsi kwenkonzo. Ukulondolozwa kwenkcazelo yokugoma okuphezulu kufuna imfundo kawonke-wonke eqhubekayo, ukudityaniswa, kunye nokunyanzeliswa kwemigaqo.

Ukuthintela Izifo Ezingamahlalakhona

Izifo ezingapheliyo ezifana nesifo sentliziyo, isifo seswekile, umhlaza, kunye nokuphefumla zibangela ukuba zonke iipesenti zabantu abafayo eUnited States. Oorhulumente basekuhlaleni basebenzisa ezi meko ngeenkqubo ezisekelwe kubungqina ezikhuthaza ukusebenza komzimba, ukutya okusempilweni, nokukhutshwa kwecuba. Amaqela amaninzi aye asebenzisa iinkqubo zokuphucula amathuba okufumana ukutya okutsha, akha iindawo ezikhuselekileyo zokuzilolonga, kwaye alawula ukuthengiswa kwecuba kunye nokuthengiswa kwentengiso.

Amasebe ezempilo asekuhlaleni akwasebenzisa iinkqubo zokuhlola umhlaza webele, wesibeleko, kunye nowe-aspectal, ngokufuthi ahlasela intlawulo ephantsi namabhinqa angakhange afumaneke ngenkqubo yeCDC's National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Expiopion Program. Iinkqubo zokuthintela isifo seswekile, amanyathelo okulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi, kunye neenkqubo zasekhaya ezityelele i-asima zimizekelo eyongezelelekileyo yokusebenzisa ungenelelo olungapheliyo lwesifo se-ASCM.

Ucelomngeni Olukhulu Ekujamelene Nalo Iinkqubo Zempilo Zasekuhlaleni

Phezu kwayo nje indima yabo ebalulekileyo, oorhulumente basekuhlaleni balwisana nocelomngeni oluzingisileyo olubangela ukuba bangakwazi ukunikela iinkonzo zonyango ezisebenzayo. Olu celomngeni luye lwanyuswa yile ngxaki, eyatyhila ukuba buthathaka kwemizimba kwinkqubo yempilo kawonke wonke.

Inkxaso-mali yeeNkcukacha kunye neeNkxaso zoHlahlo-lwabiwo-mali

Amasebe ezempilo asekuhlaleni axhomekeke kwintlanganisela yemirhumo yemali karhulumente, inkxaso-mali yesizwe, ukusetyenziswa kwemali yemali yemali yasekuhlaleni, kunye nengeniso yengeniso yemali yengingqi. Le nkxaso isoloko ingenakuxelwa, ithintelwe kwiinkqubo ezithile, kwaye ayinele ukugquma imisebenzi engundoqo. Phakathi kowama-2010 nowama-2019, inkcitho yemali engo impilo kawonke-wonke iyehla kumazwe amaninzi, ikhukulisela amandla eLHD ukuphendula kwiinkonzo zesiqhelo.

Le ngxaki yazisa ukwanda kwemali yoncedo karhulumente ngoMthetho weCaresS kunye nesiCwangciso sokuhlangula saseMerika, kodwa inkxaso-mali eninzi ibekwe umda kwaye ayinakusetyenziswa ukwakha izibonelelo zexesha elide. Amasebe ezempilo ngoku ajongene neliwa elithe qelele njengoko le mali iphela, enyanzelisa izigqibo ezinzima ngokuphathelele abasebenzi kunye nodweliso lwenkqubo.

Ukuphelelwa ngumsebenzi nokutshiswa

Imisebenzi yempilo kawonke-wonke iyaluphala, kukho umlinganiselo omkhulu wabasebenzi abafanele ukuthatha umhlala-phantsi. Ukubuyiselwa kwenkonzo nokuzigcina zisemngciphekweni kubangelwa kukungalingani kwemivuzo phakathi kwemisebenzi yempilo yoluntu neyonyango lwamacandelo obuqu, amathuba okuhambela phambili emsebenzini, kunye neemeko zokusebenza ezixinezelekileyo. Le ndyikitya yokudinwa kwamandla oluntu, abajamelene nokuhlaselwa, ingcinezelo yezobupolitika, kunye namava abuhlungu akhoyo emsebenzini.

Ngokutsho kohlolisiso lwama-2023 lweZiko leSizwe leSizwe neSigqeba sezeMpilo seZiko (NACCHO), phantse isiqingatha samasebe ezempilo asekuhlaleni axelwe ukuba alungelelane ukuya kutsho kwiqondo eliphezulu labasebenzi abakwindawo yokujika. Okunako kunqongophala kakhulu kokunyamekela, ukubulala, impilo entle, kunye nezonyango.

Izakhono neNtlalo

Urhulumente wasekuhlaleni ujolise ingqalelo engakumbi ekuthetheni nge-equoty yempilo, umgaqo wokuba wonke umntu makabe nethuba elifanelekileyo lokufikelela kwiqondo lakhe eliphezulu lempilo. Oku kufuna ukuhlangabezana neengxaki zoluntu ezifana nokungalungelelani kwezindlu, ukunganqabiseki kokutya, imiqobo yezithuthi, kunye nobuhlanga bobuhlanga. Noko ke, amasebe empilo asekuhlaleni asoloko engenabo oovimba negunya lokuphembelela ezi meko zibanzi zentlalo nezoqoqosho.

Umanyano lwamagosa ezindlu, izikolo, amaziko ezothutho nee-ofisi zophuhliso lwezoqoqosho zibalulekile kodwa kunzima ukukugcina. Ukuqokelelwa kolwazi olungokwahluka kwezempilo kuyaphucuka, kodwa iiLHD ezininzi azinawo amandla okuguqula inkcazelo ibe lutshintsho olusebenzisekayo

Ukulungelelanisa Izinto Ezisebenzayo

Inkxalabo kwimithombo karhulumente yasekuhlaleni, intsebenziswano iye yaba sisiseko selungiselelo elisebenzayo lonyango. Amaqabane acwangcisiweyo anceda ubuchule, inkxaso-mali edityanisiweyo, kunye nokufikelela okuthe kratya.

Umanyano

Oorhulumente basekuhlaleni basebenzisana ngokukhulayo nenkqubo yonyango lwabucala, imibutho esekelwe kuluntu, kunye neenjongo zokunyamekela iziko lokunikela iinkonzo. Umzekelo, isebe lezonyango lengingqi lingasebenzisana nenkqubo yezibhedlele zoluntu ukuqhuba iziko loluntu, okanye lingenangeniso yokunikezela ngeenkonzo zempilo ezihambayo kubemi abangenamakhaya. La maqabane anokuphucula ubuchule, ubuchule bokusebenza kwamalungu oluntu, kunye nokunciphisa ukwenziwa kweenkonzo.

Iinkqubo ezinika ingxelo ezifana nezivumelwano ezisekelwe kwimisebenzi, impilo yabantu kufuneka zihlolwe, kunye neenkqubo zokucwangcisa ezidityanisiweyo zinceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba unxulumano luhambelana neenjongo zempilo yoluntu kunokuba lube nentshukumisa yengeniso yabucala.

Ingcebiso yophando nophando

Isebe lezonyango lasekuhlaleni elinamasebe amaninzi akwiyunivesithi ukuqinisa isiseko salo sobungqina kunye nobuchule bokusebenza. Amasebe ezempilo afumana inkxaso-mali ngenkxaso yemali, uphando, uqeqesho kunye nabafundi abakwiLHD ukuqhuba iimfuno, uvavanyo lweenkqubo, kunye nokuphuhlisa iibhodi zogcino-lwazi. Ezi zixhobo zikhulisa ubungqongqo boqheliselo lwempilo kawonke-wonke lo gama zinika amathuba abalulekileyo okuqeqesha isizukulwana esilandelayo seingcali zempilo kawonke-wonke.

Imizekelo iquka iziko lophando lokuthintela iintsapho ezifumana inkxaso yeCDC kunye neZiko loKhuselo loLuntu loMgangatho-mpilo. Olo manyano lunceda umahluko phakathi kophando nokuqhelisela, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ungenelelo lwasekuhlaleni lusekelwe kobona bungqina bukhoyo.

Iimodeli Ezintsha Nezifundo zetyala

Oorhulumente abaninzi basekuhlaleni baye bavelisa iindlela ezintsha zokuhambisa iingxelo zempilo ezifundisa abantu oko kuthethwa yile nkalo.

ELouisville, eKentucky, isebe lezempilo lasungula iziko lezempilo ngo-2013, imigaqo edibeneyo kuzo zonke iinkqubo neenkqubo. Ikomkhulu lasebenza nabemi basekuhlaleni ukuchaza iingcambu zokwahluka kwempilo kwaye laphuhlisa amanyathelo afana nelo likwiSebe eliseMgangathweni kucwangciso lweHood, elaguqula amajelo angenandawo abe zizitiya kunye nezithuba eziluhlaza.

ESan Francisco, iSebe lempilo yoluntu liqhuba impilo yoMsebenzi weSebe iSan Francisco, inkqubo yempilo enika abantu ingqalelo ephambili, amayeza kagqirha, kunye nokunyanyekelwa kwesibhedlele. Olu cwangciso lusebenzisa imodeli yezonyango, idibanisa umntu ngamnye othathi-nxaxheba nomgcini-khaya kunye nomququzeleli wenkathalo. ISebe le-Ofisi lithenge iinguqu ezinokufumaneka kulawulo lwezifo ezinganyangekiyo kwaye lanciphisa utyelelo lwamaziko ongxamisekileyo.

Iingingqi zasemaphandleni nazo ziye zavelisa izicombululo. EMontana, iButte-Silver Department yoBut Health yasungula iyunithi yempilo ehambayo ehamba ukuya kumazwe asemaphandleni akwimigodi, ibonelela ngemigodlo, ukuvavanya impilo, nokusebenzisa imichiza yezonyango. Le nkqubo isebenzisa ubugcisa be-telehealth ukudibanisa izigulana neingcali ezikwizixeko zasedolophini, ukuphelisa imiqobo yelizwe ukuze zinyanyeke.

Ukwabelana ngelinye iqhinga elisithembayo. EWisconsin, amasebe amaninzi angokwamakhaya avelisa iWisconsin Health Public Colintinative, abelana ngomalathisi wezamayeza, ugqirha wezifo zendalo, kunye nabasebenzi bezonyango lokusingqongileyo. Eli lungiselelo licuthe iindleko zolawulo, unyuselo lomthamo ophezulu, kwaye livumela amasebe athabatha inxaxheba ukuba anikele iinkonzo ezingenakuzixhasa ngokwawo.

Imigaqo yexesha elizayo yonyango lukarhulumente

Ikamva lonyango lwasekuhlaleni liza kuxonxwa zizinto eziliqela: uphuhliso lobugcisa, ukutshintsha kwenani labemi, ukutshintsha kwemozulu, kunye nendlela yokulungisa imeko-bume yemozulu. I-Telehealth, eyanweba ngokuphawulekayo ngexesha lesifo esibulalayo, inika amathuba okwandisa ukufikelela kwinkathalo ekhethekileyo kwiindawo ezingaphantsi kwenkonzo. Amasebe ezempilo asekuhlaleni ahlola ukutyelela ikhaya, ukujongwa kwamakhaya, ukuhlolwa kwesigulana, kunye neenkonzo zempilo ze-tenee-stene.

Ukwenziwa kogcino-lwazi lwale mihla kuyinto ebalulekileyo. IiLHD ezininzi zisaxhomekeke kwiinkqubo ze-elektroniki ezisekelwe kwiphepha okanye ezilifa elifaliweyo ezilinganisela amandla azo okulandela imikhwa, ukukhathalela inkathalo, kunye nengxelo yokuya kumaqabane orhulumente kunye norhulumente. Iingxelo zonyuselo kwiingxelo zempilo ye-elektroniki ezisetyenziswayo, iiplatfomu zolawulo, kunye nokutshintshiselwana ngolwazi lwempilo loluntu kungenza ubuchule nokusebenza kakuhle.

Utshintsho lomgaqo-nkqubo kumgangatho karhulumente norhulumente luza kuphembelela iindima zikarhulumente wasekuhlaleni. Ukudalwa kwengxowa-mali yezentlalo yoluntu lonke, ecetyiswa ngamanye amaqela oluntu, kungabonelela ngemali ezinzileyo, ethambileyo kwimisebenzi yoluntu. Ukudibana okungakumbi phakathi kwempilo kawonke-wonke, ukunikezelwa kwempilo, kunye neenkonzo zentlalo-ntle, okusoloko kubizwa ngokuba yimodeli yentlalo-ntle.

Isiphelo

Oorhulumente basekuhlaleni babalulekile kwinkqubo yonyango eUnited States nasehlabathini jikelele. Benza imisebenzi ebalulekileyo yempilo kawonke-wonke, basebenzisa izixhobo zokhuseleko, kunye nemigudu yempilo ekhokeleyo yoluntu ngokubanzi. Ucelomngeni abajamelana nalo . "ukungazinzi, ukunqongophala kwemisebenzi, ukunqongophala kwemisebenzi, kwaye ukunyuka kwemfuno-mali/ukutshona kwemali. Ngokusebenza, ukuncedisana kwemibutho, kunye nokuqalisa, oorhulumente basekuhlaleni bangaqhubeka bekhusela baze baphucule impilo yabantu babo.

Njengoko ilizwe lijonga kwinkqubo yonyango ekwaziyo ukumelana nokulingana, indima karhulumente wasekuhlaleni kufuneka iqiniswe, ingenziwa inciphe. Ukuxhasa amasebe ezempilo asekuhlaleni ngemali exhasekileyo, ubugcisa bale mihla, kunye nabasebenzi abanobuchule kukuveliswa kwesiseko sempilo karhulumente. Imimandla efaka imali kubuchule bonyango lwasekuhlaleni iya kulungiselelwa bhetele indyikitya elandelayo, exhotyiswe ngcono ukuhlangabezana nesifo esinganyangekiyo, kwaye ibekwe kakuhle ukuphuhlisa impilo yabo bonke abemi.