IRajiya Sabba, njengendlu ephezulu yePalamente yaseIndiya, inempembelelo eyahlukileyo ekulolongeni iinkqubo zempilo yesizwe. Ngoxa iLok Sabhaha isoloko ijongwa njenge-injini engundoqo yemithetho-mthetho, iRajiya Sabhaha inika utshintsho olubalulekileyo, ukuncitshiswa kwemithetho, kunye nokuhlolwa kwemithetho-siseko, ingakumbi kwimibandela efuna ulwando lwexesha elide nolwazi lwengingqi. Amalungu e-Rajinya Syahabaha (idla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-Syrankspages, ithetha ukuba i-Union kunye noorhulumente bangamalungu alo, kwaye iRajiya Sabbahah, apho kuchazwa ngokomlinganiselo othe ngqo kunabantu, kunye nemigaqo esetyenziswayo, isebenzisa imigaqo-mali eluncedo phakathi kwemiqatha yesizwe, i-mali, kunye nezixhobo zenkculo-mali, isebenzisa i-mali esetyenziswa ngokuthe ngqo kwimiqatha yemiqatha yemeko yesizwe, kunye nezixhobo zelizwe, i-yonke, i-ondondondo esetyenziswayo. Apyrank isebenzisa i

Indima Yomthetho KaRaje Sabha Kumgaqo - siseko Wempilo

IRaje Sabba isebenzisa amandla owiso-mthetho abalulekileyo phezu kwamatyala anxulumene nezempilo, nangona igunya layo linyanzelwa kwimicimbi yemali. Phantsi kweCandelo 107 neSigqeba 108 somGaqo-siseko, zombini izindlu kufuneka zidlulise ityala lokuba zibe ngumthetho. Kwiimeko zokungavumelani, ukuhlala kunye kungabizwa, kodwa ngenxa yokuba iLok Sabhaha inamalungu amaninzi, indlu esezantsi idla ngokuhlala. Noko ke, iRajaya Sabba uyakwazi ukulibazisa, i-antend, kwaye inyanzelela kwakhona inika i-mali eqinileyo (iKhawuphini ye-mthetho ye-Memon, i-Act, i-Act, kunye ne-Act ye-Mental Sy Act, kunye ne-Act.

Ukwazisa Nokuphikisana Ngeengqungquthela Zempilo

Uninzi lwamatyala empilo aqala kwiLok Sabha, kodwa emva kokuba ethunyelwe kwiRajeya Sabhaha ukuze kuqwalaselwe. URajiya Sabha angacebisa iziphumo ezicacileyo, ukufuna ucaciso, kwaye abhekise ityala kwikomiti ekhethayo ukuze kuhlolwe ngokucokisekileyo. Umzekelo, ngexesha lokudlula kweNational Medical Commission Bill 2019, iRajiya Sabba yabhekisela kwikomiti ekhethileyo, eyakhokelela kutshintsho olubalulekileyo ngokuphathelele ukwenziwa komsebenzi, ikhomishini yebhulorho ye-AUSH Octive, kunye nomthetho wemiqathango. Uhlaziso, nangona ubugcisa obunjalo, busoloko bunempembelelo ngqo kwimigangatho yemfundo yezonyango kunye nokunikezelwa kwempilo.

IiBhili zeLungu

Amalungu e-Raje Sabra ayalinandipha ilungelo lokuzisa amatyala azimeleyo amalungu e-am akwimicimbi yempilo. Nangona bembalwa abangomthetho, basebenza njengezithuthi ezibalulekileyo ekukhuliseni ukuphapha kolwazi nokunyanzela imida yenkqubo. Amatyala anokubonwa ngamalungu empilo aquka ilungelo lokunyamekela impilo kaBill kunye neNdoda yempilo Bill (eyathi kamva yaba ngurhulumente). Ezi zindleko zithenjiswa-mali zidityaniswa ngurhulumente kwaye zisoloko zinyanzelela urhulumente ukuba achaze ukuma kwakhe. Ukuveliswa kweendleko ezinjalo kukwakwabonisa indlela amalungu eRajiya Sabha angazikhathazi ngayo imicimbi engathi zizinto ezinqabileyo, ukubonelelwa kwelungu, okanye ukufa komama.

Izicombululo Nenkqubela

Ngenxa yokuba amalungu e-Raje Sabra asoloko engoosomashishini bepalamente, abalawuli, okanye amaziko (ingakumbi amalungu ali-12 atyunjwe ngamalungu) igalelo lawo ngexesha lokulungisa iqonga linokusulungekisa ulwimi lwemithetho kunye neendlela zokungena ekungeneni. Ngexesha lokudlula kweSurrogacy (Umthetho) uBill, iRajya Sabba wasungula amalungiselelo angcono akhusela oomama abazalelwa kwenye indawo kunye nokucacisa imilinganiselo yokungaguquguquki. Ngokufanayo, ukubuyiselwa kweMithetho yeziyobisi neCosmetics Act, eqhutywa yingxoxo ka-Rajiya Sabbaha, imimiselo eqinileyo kwizilingo zomguli kunye neziyobisi ezingeyo.

Impembelelo yoqingqo-mali nokufuduswa kwezibonelelo

Inkqubo yempilo isebenza njengenkxaso yayo yemali. Ingxoxo kaRaje Sabha idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuhloleni uhlaziyo lohlaziyo lwemali lwe-Union kunye nokufuna ukuphendula kwiindleko zempilo. Nangona ingenakuqalisa iindleko zemali, isenokuthetha ngazo kwaye incomela iinguqu .

Ukuhlolisisa Uqingqo-mali Lomanyano

Unyaka ngamnye, ebudeni beNkqutyana yoHlahlo loHlahlo, uRaje Sabha uthengisela amalungu eenkxalabo zoBulungiseleli bezeMpilo nezeNtlalo-ntle. Bayathandabuza ukuba uqingqo-mali lwempilo njengepesenti yeGDP lwanele na, luthelekise neebhentshi zezizwe ngezizwe ngezizwe, kwaye lubalase izithuba kwiinkqubo ezithile. Umzekelo, kwingxoxo yohlahlo-mali ye-2023-24, iqela leRajiya Sabha lacinezela ulwahlulo lolwahlulo lwesizwe lweMission yempilo ukusuka kwi-07 000 ecetyiswe kwi-50,000 crre, ukuphikisa ukuba inkqubo yempilo kawonke ifuna ukubuyiselwa kwipost-COVID-19. Olo lwabiwo oluthe kratya, ukuba lungaboniswa ngoko nangoko kulwando lwamanani olude, ulwando olude lwemali.

Impembelelo kwiinkqubo zeFlagi

Iinkqubo ezifana neNational Health Mission, uAyushman Bharat – Pradhan Mantri Mantri Aropa Yaja (PM-JAY), kunye nePradhan Manhatta Suraksha Yoya (ukuseka amaziko afana ne-AIMS) zixhomekeke kakhulu ekufumaneni imali. Amalungu eRajeya Sabba, ngemibuzo nangeengxelo zawo zekomiti, aye anyanzela ukunyuswa kwemali engcono, ngokukodwa ngokwemiqathango exhobisayo kwimiboniso zempilo. Umzekelo, iKomiti eSystien kwimpilo neNd Homes (equka i-Rapya Sabhayha ibala phantsi kwemali esetyenziswa kwiinkcube ye-Aultism kunye neenkrobes ezicetyiswayo.

Iingxubusho ezingeyonjongo yempilo

IRaje Sabra isebenza njengeqonga lokuxubusha indlela yokufumana impilo ebanzi. Amalungu adla ngokubonisa ukuba inkcitho yempilo kawonke-wonke yase-Indiya ihlala imalunga ne-3,3% ye-GDP, kude ngezantsi kwe- 2,5% yexhoba elibekwe kwiNational Health Policy 2017. Baphikisa ngelithi ngaphandle kokwanda okuthe kratya kwemali kawonke-wonke, iinjongo ezifana nokunikezelwa kwempilo yehlabathi lonke zihlala zikho. Ngokungenelela ngokweenkcukacha, amalungu eRajeya Sabba aye anya anyanzeleka ukuchitha imali eninzi ekuthinteleni, kwimpilo, nakwizifo ezingangeni, ukuguqula intetho ibe ngaphezu konyango oluphilisayo.

Ubuchule bokulawula nobokuphendula

Ukulawula yenye yezona misebenzi zinamandla zeRaje Sabra. Ngemibuzo yepalamente, iingxoxo, neekomiti, amalungu amele aphendule ngegunya ngokuzalisekiswa kwenkqubo yempilo. Olu hlolisiso lubaluleke kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nomlinganiselo wokunikezelwa kwempilo eIndiya neengxelo ezithe rhoqo zokungaphathwa kakuhle, ukunganyaniseki, kunye neziphumo ezingezizo.

Imibuzo Nempikiswano EkwiiPalamente

Amalungu e-Raje Sabra angabuza imibuzo ekhankanyiweyo nengakhathazekiyo kuMphathiswa wezeMpilo nezeNtsapho. Le mibuzo idla ngokuzisa iinkcukacha ezicacileyo ngokunqongophala koogqirha nabongikazi, ukuhlala ezibhedlele, ukuvalela amayeza, kunye nemeko yezezempilo kwiindawo ezingaphantsi kwenkonzo. Kwiintlanganiso zakutshanje, amalungu abuza imibuzo engqalileyo malunga nokufumaneka kwe-COVOVAD-19 yezitoliki zamachiza kumakhaya, ukusebenza kwempilo neendawo eziphezulu zoluntu, kunye nolawulo lwezibhedlele ezizimeleyo.

Iikomiti Ezimileyo Zezempilo Nezezentlalo - ntle Yentsapho

IKomiti yeSebe eliqulunqwe liququzelela iPalamente Yokumanyana Oqinileyo engonyango neNtlalo - ntsapho inamalungu angama-31, kunye nama-21 ukusuka kwiLok Sabha ne-10 kwiRajeya Sabha. URajeya Sabha uSabha usoloko ehleli ezikomiti, ezisa ikomiti efana nezorhulumente, engaziboni kakuhle. Ikomiti ihlola iimfuno zemali, iingcebiso eziphambili zempilo, kwaye ivelisa iingxelo ezibumba ezona ziphambili zemithetho-wiso-mthetho. Umzekelo, ingxelo yayo nge-National Health Mission ikhuthaza urhulumente ukuba akhuthaze ukunyanzeleka kwenkqele yemali ephambili yezonyango, ithobe inciphisa inkcitho yeendleko-mali. Ngokunjalo, uhlolo lwayo lokusebenza kweekholejinga kwezonyango lukhokelele ekunyukeni kwezihlalo ezihlalweni ezikuhlayo kumgangatho ophezulu kugqirha.

IKomiti eBandakanyeka kwiiNkxaso zezeMpilo

Ngaphandle kwekomiti emileyo, uRaje Sabha amalungu asebenza kwiikomiti ezikhethiweyo zamatyala athile nakwiekomiti ezifana neKomiti yeeSiqinisekiso soRhulumente neKomiti kwiiLwimi zoMmandla. Kwimeko yempilo, ikomiti ekhethiweyo kuMthetho we-Mental Health Care Act 2017 yenza amacebiso amakhulu akhokelela kwisiseko samalungelo abantu abagula ngengqondo. Ikomiti yeClinical Acmentments Act inceda imimiselo yokulungisa imigangatho yonyango olusemgangathweni kwaye iqinisekise ukusetyenziswa kwenkathalo yemeko yongxamiseko ayizange ikhatyelwe ngenxa yeengxaki zemali.

Umelo lwengingqi kunye nomahluko wempilo

I-Raje Sabra ingumsebenzi wayo okhethekileyo. Imo nganye imelwe ngamalungu ayo anyulwe yindibano yemithetho, inika ilizwi kwimingeni yempilo yengingqi enokungahoywa kwindlu esezantsi yabemi. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi kumazwe amancinci, amathambeka, namazwe asemntla mpuma ntshona, apho ukufikelela kwezonyango kuhlala kungumngeni.

Inkxalabo yempilo ekhethekileyo yemeko-ntle

Amalungu eRajeya Sabba asoloko ephakamisa imicimbi echaphazela amazwe awo, efana nokunqongophala koogqirha abangoogqirha abangoogqirha kwi-i-ikhweyidi yasemaphandleni e-Bihar, ukunqongophala komoya we-oksijini e-Uttar Pradesh ngexesha lolwando lwe-CHOVAD-19, okanye ukunwenwa kwezifo ezithwaxwa yiFragture eNtshona Bengal. Baxhasa ulwabeko lwezintlawulo lwesizwe phantsi kweNational Health Mission kunye nokucinezelwa kokusekwa kweekholeji zezamayeza kunye ne-AIIMS kwimimandla engaphantsi kwesebe. Umzekelo, amalungu asemntla-mpuma yemimandla yezongathonga-mpuma aye afuna uncedo oluphezulu lwezibonelelo lwezikompanezempilo, anika indawo enzima kunye nobukho boburhulumente bobucala obuzimele bommandla obusisi.

Indima yamalungu atyunjwe ngomkhethe (Iingcaphephe)

UMongameli waseIndiya uthatha amalungu ali-12 eRaje Sabra avela kubantu abanolwazi olukhethekileyo okanye amava asebenzisekayo kwimimandla enjengeencwadi, inzululwazi, ubugcisa, kunye nenkonzo yentlalo. Amalungu amaninzi athatyathwe angoogqirha, iingcali zempilo kawonke-wonke, okanye abaxhasi abaphakamisa ubuchule obukhulu kwiingxoxo zempilo. UGqr. B. Rao (owangaphambili umongameli we-Indiya Medical Association) kunye noGqr. Abhishek Singhvi (othe wanikela kwisiseko esingokwasemthethweni kwimpilo ephilileyo) bayimizekelo. Ungenelelo lwabo ludla ngokuphakamisa ubunjani bengxoxo kunye nokunikezela kobungqina obuvela kwiizicelo zikarhulumente.

Impembelelo kwiimeko eziphambili zempilo

Impembelelo yamalungu kaRajiya Sabha idlulela ngaphaya kokuthabatha inxaxheba kwengcambu; iye yabumba imigaqo emininzi yempilo ephawulekayo. Imizekelo ibonisa indlela ukuganana kwabo okuphucule ngayo ukwenziwa kwenkqubo, ukuphunyezwa nokuziphendulela.

Umgaqo-nkqubo wezempilo weSizwe 2017

Inkqubo yezonyango yeSizwe 2017 yathabathel' indawo inkqubo yangaphambili yowama-2002, imisela amaxhoba aphambili eziphumo zezonyango kunye nenkcitho kawonke-wonke. Amalungu eRaje Sabha aba nenxaxheba kulwazi olunzulu olunxulumene nemithetho kunye neengxoxo zoluntu. Iingcebiso zabo zakhokelela ekugxininisweni okunamandla ekunyamekeleni impilo ephambili, ukufakwa kwengqondo njengendawo ephambili, kunye nokugxininisa ngokukhethekileyo ekunciphiseni inkcitho yokunciphisa inkcitho yohlazo-mali. Ixhoba lokwanda kwenkcitho yempilo kawonke-wonke kwi-2.5% ye-GDP ngo-2025 lityala lokungalaliswa okuqhubekayo kwe-Rjaji-Syanha eqhubekayo, amalungu echaza injongo efanayo kwingxoxo yohlathotho lwemivo yohlalo.

UAyushman Bharat – Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana

Iqalisiwe ngo-2018, iAyushman Bharat yeyona inshorensi yempilo ephambili ehlabathini, iquka iintsapho ezihlwempuzekileyo ezilishumi. IRajiya Sabha yenza indima ebalulekileyo ekulungiseni le nkqubo, ingakumbi inkqubo yayo yenkxaso yemali, ukuvelisa imodeli (i-ukholose nge-ISCS/inshorensi), kunye nendima yezibhedlele zabucala. Ngexesha lengxoxo yokuqala, uRajeya Shabha waphakamisa inkxas malunga nomgangatho we-mearon, ukuthintelwa kobuqhophololo, kunye nokukhutshwa kwezigidi zeentsapho ezikufuphi ne-poordar. I-amvo yabo yakhokelela ekudalweni kweqonganiso lwexesha lokwenene lokwenza ingcebiso kunye nokuveliswa kwezikhala. Icebo lokwandisa ukugqumisa bonke abemi bakhona abakhulileyo nangaphezulu kwe-70 kunye nangaphezulu kwe-202-Shab yaza e-Shab.

Ukuphendula noncedo lwe-COVID-19

Le ngxaki yavavanya kakhulu inkqubo yempilo yase-Indiya. IRajiya Sabra yahlanganisa iintlanganiso ezikhethekileyo, kuquka intlanganiso yemozulu yama-mountain ngowama-2020 apho amalungu aphikisanayo ngokusetyenziswa korhulumente ngengxaki yempilo. Bafuna inkcazelo ecacileyo ngokuvavanywa, iibhedi, kunye nokufumana i-anti yemithi yokugoma. IKomiti yepalamente engoMgangatho-ntle neNtlalo-ntle yempilo, efakelwe kwingxelo enamandla kaRajya Sabraha umelo lwempilo yoMkhosi we-Brashman i-Brashman Birfactal, ukunga ukspira wezempilo kawonke, ukuveliswa kwemali ehlala ekhoyo, kunye nokulungele ukusetyenziswa kakuhle kwamazwe.

Impilo Yengqondo Nezifo Ezingacocekiyo

Impilo yengqondo iye yancitshiswa yaye yasetyenziswa phantsi kwe-oyile eIndiya. URaje Sabha amalungu, kuquka iingcaphephe ezinamaqhawe, aye asetyenziswa ekutyhaleni uMthetho we-Mental Healthotary 2017, owenziwe waphelelwa ngamandla wokuzibulala kwaye waseka indlela yokufikelela amalungelo. Kwakhona aye abiza inkqubo yempilo yengqondo enxulumene nokhathalelo lokuqala kunye nolwandiso loqingqo-mali lweSizwe lwezempilo. Ngokufanayo, kwizifo ezingachaphazelekayo (NCNDs) ezinjengesifo seswekile, i-hyptaly, kunye nomhlaza, uRajanha ujojolo olukhokelela ekundululweni kweSizwe seSizwe sokhuselo noLawulo lweNCD kunye nolwandiso lwezenyuko lwezempilo nezonyango lwezikhundla lwezekhusi.

Ucelomngeni Nezinto Ezisikelwe U umda

Nangona inempembelelo enkulu, indima yeRaje Sabha kwinkqubo yonyango ibalulekile ukuze kubonwe ukuba ichaphazela kangakanani na.

Amandla Alinganiselweyo Omthetho Xa Ethelekiswa Nelok Sabha

IRajiya Sabba ayinakuvota kumatyala emali, aquka iUnion Uhlaziyo kunye ne-approplation revolutions zocwangciso-mpilo. Ingancomela kuphela iinguqu, ezinokukhethwa yiLok Sabba ukuba zingahoywa. Ngaphezu koko, xa idibene nemali engahlawulwayo, iLok Sabbaha ithetha ukuba inani lemali liphezulu (545 vs. 245) ithetha ukuba iRajiya Sabba’s ayise kuxanduva. Esi sakhiwo singakhetha ukulawulwa ngokugqithisileyo. Nangona sinqabile ukunyanzela isandla sikarhulumente kwimali nemicimbi ephambili. Umzekelo, nangona urhulumente echase ngamandla, unakho ukugqithisa imali enxulumene ne-inshorensi okanye imfundo yezonyango ngaphandle kwe-Sabyabha exhasa i-Syrabray-ev.

Imfuneko Yokufumana Imali Nentsebenziswano Engakumbi

Ngeli xesha amalungu amaninzi e-Rajiya Sabha enolwazi, inkqubo yempilo ingumsebenzi wobugcisa obuphezulu. Ukuntsonkotha kwemiqathango yezamayeza, i-epidemiology, kunye nezoqoqosho kusoloko kufuna ubuchule obukhethekileyo. Ngokungafaniyo nakwamanye amazwe apho iikomiti zepalamente ziye zanikezela abasebenzi bophando, uRajeya Sabha uxhomekeke kakhulu kwiSebe leMiqathango kunye nophando lwazo. Ubuninzi bemibuzo enxulumene nezempilo kunye nengxoxo zinokuphinda zitshintshe; ezinye iintlanganiso zibone ukugxininiswa kwempilo enzulu ngexa abanye bengayihoyi. Kukho imfuneko yolwano olumanyuselo oluphezulu kumalungu ekwakhemicinezelo lwempilo, kwanomanyano olungakumbi noluquququ nophano lobulungiseleli lwezonyango ngaphandle kwemithetho-mthetho.

Ngaphezu koko, inkqubo yeqela loqhuqho ingathintela ukuzimela kwamalungu ngamanye, ingakumbi xa iqela elilawulayo linenkoliso kwiRaje Sabba. Kwimeko ezinjalo, amalungu asenokunyanzeleka ukuba avote kwimida yeqela, kwanakwimibandela yempilo eya kungenelwa kwisivumelwano esingeyonxalenye yecawa. Noko ke, isithethe sikaRajiya Sabba sokuvumela ingxoxo ekhululekileyo kunelok Sabbaly inciphisa oku.

Isiphelo

Impembelelo kaRaje Sabba yaseSarha kwiinkqubo zezonyango zesizwe inzulu, nangona idla ngokuncitshiswa. Amalungu ayo amisela umthetho, uqingqo-mali lwe-scruiniti, ukuphatha, nokuzisa ingqiqo yengingqi kunye neenkcukacha eziphuculayo zenkqubo yophuhliso. Ukusuka kwiNational Health Policy 2017 ukuya kwiAyushman Bharat kunye nentsabelo yezifo ezimandundundu, indlu ephezulu isoloko isebenza njengendlela yokuhlola indalo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba imigaqo yempilo isebenza ngokupheleleyo, ilungeleleneyo, kwaye isebenza ngokunempumelelo. Ngoxa imiqathango yokwakha ikhona, ukuthelelwa okuqhubekayo kolwazi nokwenza u-Rayya Sabbaha kubaluleke kakhulu ekufikeleleni ukhupho lwempilo lwendalo eIndiya. Njengoko amazwe ahlala eqala ukuvela, ukuchasana kwemozulu, ukuchasana kwemo yempilo, kunye nokuchasana kwemo ye-Shabrab.