Inkqubo yoPhuhliso loLuntu i-CDBG ingumsebenzi othambileyo nonempembelelo kwimithombo yenkxaso yemali karhulumente ekhoyo koorhulumente basekuhlaleni. Isebe lezeNtsapho nezophuhliso lwe-Urban (HID), iCDBG inika abantu uluvo oluninzi lweemfuno zolwakhiwo kunye nezindlu ezinokufikeleleka ekuxhaseni inkqubela yezoqoqosho kunye neenkonzo zikarhulumente. Ngoxa urhulumente unika isiseko semali, lisebe likarhulumente elisebenza njengoqhagamshelwano olubalulekileyo phakathi kwenkqubo yesizwe nezenzo zoluntu. La masebe alawula ukusasaza kweprojelo, ukuthobela, ukunyanzelisa, ukunyanzeleka, nokunika inkxaso kwezobugcisa ukuze kuqinisekise ukuhambela phambili kwe-CDBGR3 okusebenzayo kwesebe lesebe, inkqubo iya kusebenza ngokunempumelelo. Ngaphandle kokusebenza kwemisebenzi yesebe lorhulumente, inkqubo iya kulwa ukufikelela kwiimeko ezifuna kakhulu.

Indima yamasebe kaRhulumente kwiiNkqubo zeCDBG

Amasebe karhulumente asebenza njengemithunywa phakathi koorhulumente borhulumente bengingqi kunye noorhulumente basekuhlaleni, ukuguqulela iinjongo ezibanzi zorhulumente kwimisebenzi esebenzayo, engqalekileyo yoluntu. Le ndima yiyo yombutho wolawulo kunye neyobuchule. Amasebe aseburhulumente ajonge ukunikezela ngebhayisikile/ukusuka ekusetyenzisweni kwesicelo sokusifaka esisigqibelo ukuya ekuvaleni okutsha ngezantsi.Ngoko kwakhona abumba indlela izinto eziphambili zikarhulumente ezilungelelaniswa ngayo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zasekuhlaleni. Kubantu abangengomalungu asekuhlaleni (abo abanabemi abangaphantsi kwama-50 000 abangafumani ngqo inkxaso yeCDBG evela kwi-HID), la mazwe angawona angundoqo olawulo oonke oovimba beCDBGG.

Kule mbopheleleko kuza imfuneko yenkqubo eyomeleleyo kunye nabasebenzi abanobuchule. Amasebe karhulumente kufuneka aqhube imimiselo entsonkothileyo, agcine iinkqubo ezicace gca, kunye nokulungelelana kweemfuno ezikhuphisanayo kwiingingqi ezininzi. Kwakhona asebenza njengabameli boorhulumente basekuhlaleni, abanceda bafumane iimfuno zorhulumente kunye noovimba abangakumbi ngomanyano kunye nosungulo lweenkqubo.

Ukubonelela ngemali

Umsebenzi ongundoqo wamasebe karhulumente kukunikezela ngemali e-CDBG ngendlela ekwandisa iziphumo zokongamela ngexa kusetyenziswa izikhokelo zikarhulumente. I-Altation asiyondlela elula yokudlula nge-dola; ifuna uhlalutyo olucokisekileyo lweemfuno zoluntu, ugcino-lwazi lwamanani, kunye neempawu zezoqoqosho. Amazwe asebenzisa udibaniso lweenkqubo ezinika ukhuphiswano, ukusasazwa kwenkqubo esekelwe kwisiseko, kwaye acwangcise amacala aphezulu athile xa kubekwa indawo eziza kuqala. "ezinje ngolungiso lwezindlu, inkqubela phambili, okanye ukubuyiselwa koqoqosho-jheyo --to ethe ngqo imali apho angenza okulungileyo.

Inkqubo yokwabiwa kwemali iqala ngesiCwangciso esiQhebelelweyo sikarhulumente, esichaza iinjongo ezinde zexesha elide kwaye sichonga iimfuno eziphambili ezisekelwe kwigalelo loluntu kunye nohlalutyo logcino-lwazi. Esi sicwangciso sinikezelwa ku-HID iminyaka emithathu ukuya kwemihla emihlanu kwaye sisebenza njengeplani yezigqibo zenkxaso-mali. Kule siseko, kukhutshwa iNgxelo-mali yeNgxongo yoNkxaso-mali (NXA), imema oorhulumente basekuhlaleni kunye nemibutho engafumani ngeniso ukuhambisa izicelo. Ikomiti yovavanyo ivavanyanisa iinkqubo ezisekelwe kwimigaqo efana nokufezekisa, ukulungelela, ulungelelaniswa kweenjongo zikarhulumente, kunye nobuchule bokufaka isicelo sokulawula iprojekthi ngokunempumelelo.

Xa imali inikwa, amasebe karhulumente alawula iinkalo zemali yemali yemali, kuquka ukurhoxiswa kwentlawulo, uqingqo-mali, kunye nokunika ingxelo. Ayaqinisekisa ukuba imali isetyenziselwa imisebenzi efanelekileyo kuphela . njengamakhaya, izibonelelo zikarhulumente, okanye uphuhliso lwezoqoqosho, kwaye ukuze ahlangabezane nenjongo yokuqala yenkqubo yokunceda abantu abafumana imali ephantsi nabengenekayo. Oku kufuna ukujongwa kwenkcitho, ukutsalwa okuqhubekayo okusexesheni okuvela kumalathisi emalini karhulumenteni, kunye noxolelwano nohlahlolo lweprojekthi. Ulawulo lwemali olunempumelelo lwemali lunciphisa umngcipheko wokufumana izinto zophicotho kunye noncedo lwezibonelelo olufanelekileyo.

Umzekelo, inkqubo ye CDBG ye-HID ifuna ukuba ubuncinane ama-70% emali asetyenziselwe imisebenzi enceda abantu abaphantsi nabafumana imali ephakathi. Amasebe karhulumente anyanzelisa le mfuneko ngokuqinisekisa ingeniso ye-data yengeniso kunye nokukhangela ingeniso kwiprojekthi phambi kokuvumela inkcitho. Akwalawula ingeniso yenkqubo evezwe yiCDBG-fundity ``ngokuqesha njengemali yendlu ehlawulwayo) kwaye aqinisekisa ukuba loo mali iphinde ifakwe kwimisebenzi efanelekileyo.

Uncedo lobugcisa nokwakhiwa kobuchule

Oorhulumente abaninzi basekuhlaleni, ingakumbi abo basezindaweni ezincinci nezisemaphandleni, abanabo ubuchule bokwenza izicelo ezinamandla zeCDBG, zihambelana neemfuno zikarhulumente, okanye ziqhuba imisebenzi entsonkothileyo. Amasebe aseburhulumenteni avala lo msantsa ngokunikela uninzi lweenkonzo zobugcisa. Ezi nkonzo aziyomfuneko yowiso-mthetho kuphela kodwa zikwasisixhobo esilungelelanisayo ukomeleza ubunjani bemisebenzi yenkqubela yoluntu kulo lonke ilizwe.

Uncedo lobuchule lungathatha iifomu ezininzi. Abasebenzi borhulumente banikela ukhokelo olunye olukhoyo ekubhaleni, banceda abafaki-zicelo bafake ifreyimu imisebenzi yabo kulungelelwano lwenkqubo nenjongo zesizwe. Baqhuba imisebenzi yeecawa kunye nee-operars kwimixholo efana nohlolo lwemeko-bume, iimfuno zendlu ezifanelekileyo, iimfuno zolawulo olumtyaba (CFR Ingxenye 200), kunye nemigangatho yokufumana. Amazwe amaninzi anika uqeqesho kubaphathi bemali, kuquka nendlela yokumisela iinkqubo zobalo lwemali ezifanelekileyo, iindleko zogcino-ndlela, kunye nokulungisa iingxelo ezifunekayo.

Ngaphandle koqeqesho, amasebe karhulumente anceda ekwakheni ubuchule bolawulo lwamaziko asekuhlaleni. Anokuncedisa ekuphuhliseni iinkqubo zokuthabatha inxaxheba kubemi, ukwenza izicwangciso zolawulo lweprojekthi, okanye ukuseka iinkqubo zokuhlola ezisebenzayo. Kwamanye amazwe, abasebenzi abanamava banikela ngenkxaso yobugcisa ngexesha lokuphunyezwa kweprojekthi, ukunceda abanikezeli beengxaki ngaphambi kokuba babe yingxaki. Le ndlela iphambili inciphisa inani lezenzo zokulungisa ezifunekayo kwaye iqinisekisa ukuba iprojects zihlale zihleli kucwangciso kunye noqingqo-mali.

Ukwakha okufanelekileyo kubandakanya iinkqubo zolwazi zoontanga, apho amagosa asekuhlaleni asuka kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo abelana ngezifundo ezifundiweyo nezingcono. Amasebe karhulumente anganceda ezi misebenzi, uluntu olulungele ukuqhelisela iintlanganiso, kunye neezifundo zokuqokelela iingxelo ezibalaselisa imisebenzi ephumelelayo. Ngokufaka imali kubuchule nakulwazi lwabasebenzi basekuhlaleni, amaqumrhu esizwe enza impembelelo yolwandiso engaphaya kwenkozo yomntu ngamnye, aphucula ukusebenza kwemisebenzi yophuhliso loluntu kwixesha elide.

Amanyathelo okuxhasa uphuhliso loLuntu

Amasebe karhulumente enza okungaphezulu kunokulawula imali nokunika uqeqesho olukhuthaza uphuhliso loluntu ngokukhuthaza intsebenziswano, ngokukhuthaza, nokuqinisekisa ukuba imisebenzi inika iziphumo ezinokulungiseka. Inkxaso yawo iquka uludwe olupheleleyo lwemisebenzi yeCDBG efumanekayo, ukusuka ekwakheni inkqubo yamanzi amatsha nokuphucula imigca yokukhupha umchiza wegazi ukuya kuhlaziya imimandla yezorhwebo ekwidolophu, nokuvelisa amathuba okuhlala anokufikelelekayo.

Amaziko karhulumente akwadlala indima ephambili ekulungelelaniseni uhlahlo-mali lweCDBG nezinye iinkqubo zikarhulumente norhulumente. Ngokudibanisa namaqumrhu ajonge ezothutho, ukhuseleko lwemekobume, izimali zezindlu, kunye nenkqubela-phambili yezoqoqosho, amasebe eCDBG anceda abantu abaxhaswe ngemali eninzi kwimisebenzi emininzi ebanzi, edityanisiweyo. Le ndlela yoshishino iyayiphepha imigudu kwaye iyandisa impembelelo yemali nganye kawonke-wonke.

Umanyano kunye nolwakhiwo

Inkqubela ephumelelayo yoluntu ayifane yenzeke xa kuthe kwakho ulwahlulo. Amasebe karhulumente ahlakulela ngokukhutheleyo ubudlelane nemibutho engangeni ngeniso, abangenisi-mali, namanye amaqumrhu karhulumente ukuzisa ubuncwane obungakumbi nobuchule kwimisebenzi yasekuhlaleni.

Enye imodeli yomanyano oluqhelekileyo kukudalwa kweZithili zoLonke okanye amabhunga ocwangciso lwengingqi asebenza njengemibutho phakathi koorhulumente borhulumente kunye noorhulumente basekuhlaleni. Le mibutho inikela uncedo lobugcisa, ulawulo lweprojekthi, kunye nokunika iinkonzo zolawulo, ingakumbi kumazwe apho inkqubo yeCDBG ilungelelaniswa ngokufanelekileyo. Kwakhona inceda abantu abancinane abangenabasebenzi ukuba banikele inkxaso ngqo, ibavumela ukuba bangenelwe kwiimali zeCDBG ngaphandle kokuthwaxwa yimithwalo yempatho.

Amasebe karhulumente asebenza nabaphuhlisi bezindlu abangaqhubi ngeniso ukwandisa izitokhwe zezindlu ezifikelelekayo. NgeCHDO (Communy Home Development Organization) ecwangciswe ngamacala kunye namanye amaqumrhu, aqinisekisa ukuba inxalenye yemali yeCDBG ixhasa amanyathelo endlu asekelwe eluntwini. Le nkxaso impompana kulwazi lwasekuhlaleni nokuzinza, nto leyo ephumela ekubeni kubekho izindlu ezinokuhlangabezana nenkqumrhu ezifuna ngokuchaneyo kuneenzo eziphezulu.

Umanyano lwamacandelo obuqu luzisa uphuhliso kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Umzekelo, amasebe karhulumente anokusebenzisana namagumbi orhwebo asekuhlaleni, amaqumrhu ophuhliso lwezoqoqosho, okanye izibonelelo ezincedisa ukuxhasa inkqubela-phambili yezemfundo exhasa uphuhliso loshishino. Kwezinye iimeko, iminikelo yeCDBG idityaniswe nongeniso lwabucala kwimodeli yemali ehlawulelwayo, idala umthombo ozinzileyo wekomkhulu loshishino oluncinane kunye nokuyilwa komsebenzi.

I- Iphepha leNkqubo yeRhulumente ye-CDBG kwi-HUD Exchange inika iinkcukacha ezongezelelweyo kwezi ndlela zokusebenzisana nendlela amazwe angazinyusa ngayo izibonelelo ngonxulumano.

Ukujonga nokuHlaziya

Ukuqinisekisa ukuba mhlophe, ukuphendula, nokuthobela imithetho karhulumente kusimbombo soxanduva lwesebe likarhulumente. Ngaphandle kolawulo olungqongqo, imali yeCDBG inokuba semngciphekweni wokusetyenziswa ngeendlela ezingafikeleli iinjongo zocwangciso okanye ezingaphuli imithetho yesizwe. Amasebe karhulumente aqhuba uhlolo oluqhubekayo lwamaqumrhu awo angaphantsi kunye nabanikezi ukuqinisekisa ukuba imali isetyenziselwa imisebenzi efanelekileyo kuphela, ukuba uhlolo lwemekobume lugqityiwe, ukuba imilinganiselo yomsebenzi iyalandelwa, kwaye oko kufuna ukunikelwa kwengxelo kuchanile kwaye kufike ngexesha.

Ukujonga iifomu eziliqela. Ama-odokisi aqhuba uhlolo lwedesika lwemali kunye neengxelo zokusebenza ezinikelwa ngabanikeli, ekhangela iimfama ezingqubanayo okanye iiflegi ezibomvu. Asenokwenza nako ukutyelela okuziingqikelelo, okunokuthi kwenzeke minyaka le okanye kwiziganeko ezibalulekileyo kwiprojekthi yobomi. Ezi zihlandlo zinika ithuba lokuhlola iiprojekthi ezinikezelwayo, ukudibana nabasebenzi, ukuhlola ulawulo lwangaphakathi, kunye nokunikela ukhokelo lwemiqathango yokuhlola kubhaliwe, kwaye kuyimfuneko ukunika abasebenzi ukuba benze imisebenzi echasiweyo xa kuyimfuneko. Imibutho yaseburhulumente iqinisekisa ukuba ziphunyezwe kwaye ingenza iziqinisekiso ezi zinto zinokwenziwa ngokuzibopha izimali okanye ngokuzigcina iimali okanye ngokuzikhulula izinto ezingasombululi.

Imisebenzi yezophicotho-zincwadi yenye inxalenye engundoqo yesakhiwo sokuthobela. Ama-odolo kufuneka acwangcise uphicotho-zincwadi lwaminyaka le lwenkqubo yawo yeCDBG ngokuhambelana noMthetho woPhicotho-zincwadi Omsitho oMbini (2 CFR ICandelo 200, iCandelo F). Olu xwebhu luhlolisisa iingxelo zemali kunye nolawulo lwangaphakathi, kwaye naziphi na izinto ezifunyanisiweyo kufuneka zichazwe ngokukhawuleza. Amasebe eRhulumente akwaluqokelela kwaye akhuphele iingxelo zemali kwi-HUD, ekugqibeleni eqinisekisa ukuba urhulumente wesizwe angalandela impembelelo yongeniso yeCDBG kumgangatho woluntu.

Ukuxhasa abo banikwe inkxaso ekuthobeleni iimfuno, amasebe karhulumente avelisa amaxwebhu okhokelo, uluhlu, kunye neesikhokelo ezilula imimiselo entsonkothileyo. Kwakhona anikela uqeqesho kwimiba evelayo yokuthobela, njengeenguqu kwiNkokeli ye-Fractal okanye iimfuno ezintsha zokuhlala ezifanelekileyo. Ngokuxhobisa abo banikwe izixhobo nolwazi abaludingayo, amasebe karhulumente abanceda baphephe imigibe efanayo baze bagcine ingxelo eqinileyo yokuthobela.

Iziphumo ezifanelekileyo

Amasebe karhulumente ajolise phambili ekulinganiseni nasekubonakaliseni iziphumo zemisebenzi ecwangcisiweyo yeCDBG. Ngoxa inkqubo iye yagxininisa ngokwembali ukuthobela kunye nokubaluleka komsebenzi, ulawulo lomsebenzi wangoku lufuna iimeko zokudibanisa utyalo-mali kwinkqubela-mali ebonakalayo yoluntu. Olu tshintsho luqhutywa zimfuno zikarhulumente phantsi koMsebenzi woRhulumente neMithetho yeZiphumelo (GPRA) nokugxininisa ekuxeleni ngesiphumo kwiNkquluko yeHUD nenkqubo yoLwazi (IDIS).

Imilinganiselo eqhelekileyo yemveliso iquka inani lemisebenzi eyenziwa okanye egcinweyo, inani lezindlu ezincedwa ngezindlu ezinokufikeleleka, iinyawo ezisemgceni zamanzi okanye umgca wogutyulo owenziweyo, kunye nenani lezixhobo zoluntu ezakhiwe okanye eziphuculiweyo. Kodwa ke, iziphumo zihambela phambili. Umzekelo, ukulinganisa ukuncitshiswa kwexabiso lezindlu ezihlawulwayo kwiintsapho ezifumana imali ephantsi, ukuphucula umgangatho wamanzi emva kokunyuka kwesiseko, okanye ukwanda kwengeniso yerhafuzo zoshishino lwezoshishino.

Uncedo lwamaziko ephondo acwangcisa abajolise ekusebenzeni kohlobo lokwenene, aqokelele ugcino-lwazi oluthembekileyo, kwaye aphumele ingxelo engqinelanayo. Kwakhona adibanisa ugcino-lwazi kwiiprojekthi ezininzi ukuxelela iziphumo zelizwe ngokubanzi ngempembelelo yotyalo-mali lweCDBG. Olu gcino-lwazi lusetyenziselwa ukwazisa izigqibo zenkqubo, ukuthethelela izicelo zoqingqo-mali, nokunxibelelana ngexabiso kubagcini-mali, kuquka namagosa anyuliweyo kunye nabantu ngokubanzi.

Amaphondo amaninzi aphuhlise iibhodi okanye iingxelo ezibalaselisa izinto eziphunyezwe nguwonke-wonke. Ezi zixhobo zandisa ukubonakala ngokucacileyo nokubonisa ukuphendula, lo gama zinika iqonga lokwabelana ngamabali empumelelo. Umzekelo, urhulumente angapapasha ingxelo yonyaka ebonisa amabhunga amancinane asebenzisa iimali ze-CDBG ukuthatha indawo yenkqubo yamanzi engaphumeleliyo, ukuphuhlisa impilo kawonke-wonke nokutsala ishishini elitsha. Ezi ngxelo zinamandla okunika inkxaso kwisebe lesebe lombuso.

Ukufunda okungakumbi ngomlinganiselo womsebenzi kwi CDBG, umlinganiselo we-HID CDBG yoMsebenzo kwiphepha unika ukhokelo kunye noovimba bamazwe kunye nabanikeli.

Ucelomngeni Namathuba Okulawula Kwaseburhulumenteni

Phezu kwayo nje indima enzima efezwa ngamasebe karhulumente, bajongene nocelomngeni olubalulekileyo. Ukulinganiselwa kwemiqathango kunye noqingqo-mali kusoloko kuthintela umgangatho woncedo lobugcisa kunye nokuhlola okunokubonelelwa, ingakumbi kumazwe anemimandla emikhulu kunye nemimandla emininzi emincinane. Ukuntsonkotha kwemigaqo karhulumente kungaba ngumthwalo, kufuna uqeqesho oluqhubekayo kubasebenzi besizwe kunye nabanikezi bemali ngokufanayo. Ngaphezu koko, imfuneko yokuphendula kwimiba evelayo (ezinje ngeentlekele zendalo, ukudodobala, okanye iingxaki zempilo kawonke-/iiizinto ezincinci ezifuna ukuhlahlela ngokukhawuleza izinto zenkqubo.

Olunye ucelomngeni kukuqinisekisa ukufikelela okulinganayo kwimali yeCDBG kwiingingqi ezahlukeneyo. Amasebe karhulumente kufuneka alumke ekufikeleleni abantu abangaphantsi kwemiphango eseleyo, kuquka iindawo ezisemaphandleni, uluntu, kunye nemimandla enabemi abahlwempuzekileyo okanye abantu abambalwa. Oku kufuna ukuba kungenelwe ngeqhinga, kuqukwane nemibutho esekelwe ekuhlaleni, kunye neenkqubo ezibhetyebhetyebhetye ezinciphisa imiqobo kurhulumente abancinane nangaphantsi kwemithombo yasekuhlaleni.

Kwangaxeshanye, kukho amathuba abalulekileyo okugxininisa kogcino-lwazi lwemeko-bume ukuze lukhulise impembelelo yabo. Uphuhliso lobugcisa, olunjengenkqubo zolawulo ezisekelwe kumafu ezinika ulawulo kunye nezixhobo zogcino-lwazi, lunganyusa ulawulo lomgca, ukubonakala, kunye nokukhulula abasebenzi ngexesha elingakumbi lemisebenzi ecwangcisiweyo. Ugxininiso olukhulayo kwimo yezulu nokuzinziswa kogcino-moya lukwavula amathuba amatsha emisebenzi e-CDBG exhotyisiweyo, njengezinto eziluhlaza, izindlu ezinokulingana namandla, kunye nokukhutshwa kwentlekele. Amasebe karhulumente angakhokela indlela ekufakeni ezi zinto ziphambili kwizicwangciso eziqikelelo kunye neenkalo zokukhetha iproject.

Ngokubhekele phaya, utyekelo lwenkqubo esekelwe kubungqina ekwenza ummiselo uvule amathuba okufak' ulawulo olungqongqo kunye nolwabelana ngemisebenzi elungileyo yesizwe. Ngokuthabatha inxaxheba kwiinkqubo zolwazi loontanga kunye neenkqubo zoncedo lobugcisa zorhulumente, amasebe orhulumente angakhela impumelelo yomnye kwaye aphephe iimpazamo eziphindaphindiweyo. Imanyano yesizwe yeCoualies (NACO) inika ulawulo lwesizwe lweCDBG [ olubalaselisa uqheliselo olunempumelelo noluvelayo.

Isiphelo

Amasebe karhulumente ngabenzi bempumelelo kwinkqubo yoPhuhliso loLuntu lweMbango yoLuntu kumgangatho wasekuhlaleni. Aguqulela inkqubo karhulumente kwisenzo esisebenzisekayo, aqinisekisa ukuba imali isetyenziswa ngobulumko nangomthetho, kwaye anika uluntu ukhokelo olufuna ulwakhelo olungcono. Ngokulawula ulwabiwo lwezigidi zeerandi ekukhuphisaneni ukuqeqesha ababhali abancinane benqanawa yezobugcisa kwiinkqubo zokuhlola imeko-bume, amasebe karhulumente achaphazela zonke iinkalo zenkqubo yeCDBG. Umsebenzi wabo usoloko ungabonakali kubantu bonke, kodwa iziphumo zawo zibonwa kwiintambo ezintsha zamanzi, kumakhaya anokufikeleleka, kunye namashishini amancinane achumayo aphuma kwinkqubela entle yoluntu.

Njengokuba iimfuno zoluntu zibhenela kwimibutho kunye noovimba bengingqi bengingqi besazulu, indima yamasebe karhulumente iza kuba yeyona ibalulekileyo. Ukuqhubeka notyalo-mali kumthamo karhulumente ngokusetyenziswa kwabasebenzi abafanelekileyo, uqeqesho, kunye nobugcisa--------------------yakufuneka ukugcina ingqibelelo kunye nokusebenza kwenkqubo ye-CDBG. Kumagosa asekuhlaleni kunye neenkokeli zoluntu, ukuqonda nokuxhasa umsebenzi wamasebe karhulumente kungundoqo ekuveliseni ngokupheleleyo amandla okuzisela okuguqula kolawulo.