Isiseko: Isizathu Sokuba Inkqubo Yenkundla Ezimeleyo Ibaluleke Kumntu Wonke

Inkqubo yenkundla ithe yenye yezona ntsika zibalulekileyo kulo naliphi na ibutho ledemokhrasi. Le asiyonkqubo nje eqokeleliweyo yezakhiwo kunye neenkqubo zomthetho; likhondo elithi imithetho ichazwe, kuconjululwe, kwaye inkululeko yomntu ngamnye ikhuselwe ekungeneleni. Ngaphandle kokusebenza nokuzimela, umthetho uphelelwa, kwaye kunye nawo, ikukukhusela abemi abaxhomekeke kuko ukuze bakhuseleke, impahla, nenkululeko yabo. Inkqubo yenkundla esebenzayo iqinisekisa ukuba akukho mntu okanye into ethile, nokuba ingaphezulu kwamandla okanye ubutyebi, ingaphezulu komthetho. Inika ubundilele apho izikhalazo zinokuviwa, ubungqina bunokuhlolwa, kwaye igwetyelwe ngokungakhethi.

Xa abantu beyiqonda indlela esebenza ngayo inkqubo yenkundla, baxhotyiswe bhetele ukuqinisa amalungelo abo, ukuqhuba imingeni engokwasemthethweni, kunye nokugcina amaziko etyala. Eli nqaku linikela uphando olubanzi lwendlela esetyenziswayo yenkundla, indima yalo ekukhuseleni amalungelo abantu ngabanye, abadlali abaphambili ababandakanyekileyo, imigaqo ekhokela imisebenzi yabo, kunye nocelomngeni abajamelana nalo kwixesha langoku. Ngesiphelo, uza kuba nolwazi olucokisekileyo ngesizathu sokuba le nkqubo imele igcine ibutho labantu elinobulungisa nelilungeleleneyo.

Izakhiwo Ezingabaphathi - ntsapho Zeenkundla Zale Mihla

Iinkqubo zenkundla kumazwe amaninzi, ingakumbi eUnited States, zilungelelaniswe kwisakhiwo sebungangamsha. Le ndlela iqinisekisa ukuba amatyala aphathwa kakuhle, ukuba iimpazamo zingalungiswa, kwaye loo mibuzo entsonkothileyo yezomthetho iqwalaselwa ngokucokisekileyo kumgangatho ofanelekileyo. Iqela leqela leqela lezakwalizwi likwamisela imigca ecacileyo yegunya kunye negunya, lithintela ukudideka ngokuthi yiyiphi inkundla enamandla okuphulaphula uhlobo oluthile lwetyala.

Iinkundla Ezisezantsi Okanye Iinkundla Zetyala: Umgaqo Ophambili Wokusesikweni

Kwinkundla yamatyala ekwakheni isalathiswa inkundla yamatyala, ezidla ngokubizwa ngokuba ziinkundla zesithili, iinkundla eziphakamileyo, okanye iinkundla zikamasipala zixhomekeke kwigunya. Ezi ziinkundla apho amatyala aqala khona. Iinkundla zamatyala zibophelelekile ngokumisa ityala ngokuchophela, ngokuhlola ubungqina, nokusebenzisa umthetho ukuze ufikelele kwisigwebo. Zisingatha imicimbi emininzi, kuquka iinkundla zamakhaya, kuquka iinkundla zolwaphulo-mthetho ezifana nokungavumelani kunye nomonakalo wobuqu, ngokufanayo namatyala olwaphulo-mthetho asuka kwityala elincinane ukuya kwimicimbi enzulu. Kwimimandla emininzi, iinkundla zokuchola tyala ziphinda zicalulwe ngokweenkundla ekhethekileyo, inkundla ephakamileyo, kunye neenkundla ezincinane, zivumela abagwebi ukuba baqalise ulwazi kwiindawo ezithile zomthetho.

Iinkundla ezithe zathethwa: Ziqinisekisa ukuba inyani ikho

Ngapha koko inkundla yamatyala ihlala kwiinkundla ezigwebayo. Ezi nkundla aziqhubeli matyala amatsha okanye zive ubungqina obutsha. Endaweni yoko, zihlola ingxelo yenkundla yamatyala equmrhu ukuze zibone enoba iimpazamo ezingokwasemthethweni zingenziwa ezinokuthi zichaphazele iziphumo. Iinkundla zetyala ziqwalasela iimpikiswano ezivela kumagqwetha zokuvavanya enoba ijaji iwuthi-mthetho iwusebenzisa ngokuchanekileyo kusini na umthetho, nokuba ubungqina buvunyiwe kakuhle na, nokuba na amalungelo enkundla amaqela avavanywa ngokufanelekileyo. Ukuba inkundla yenkundla yetyala ifumana impazamo ebalulekileyo, isenokusiguqula isigqibo senkundla esezantsi okanye ithumele ityala emva kwetyala elitsha. Le nkqubo yenkundla isebenza njengetyala eligweba eligwetyiweyo eligwetyiweyo.

Iinkundla Eziphakamileyo: Ilizwi Lokugqibela LoMthetho

Kwinqanaba eliphezulu lenkundla yezomthetho yezomthetho yinkundla ephakamileyo, esenokuba yinkundla ephakamileyo okanye iNkundla ePhakamileyo yaseUnited States. Ezi nkundla zingowona magunya aphambili okuchaphazeleka komthetho kwimithetho yazo. Ziva inani elisikelweyo lamatyala nyaka ngamnye, ngokweemeko ezibalulekileyo, iimpikiswano phakathi kweenkundla eziphantsi, okanye iimbambano ezibalulekileyo zesizwe. Izigqibo zenkundla ephakamileyo zibophelele kuzo zonke iinkundla ezisezantsi eziphantsi kwegunyazilawulayo kwaye zisoloko zithwele ubunzima bokumisela isixokelelwano sawo onke amaphepha esemthethweni. Inkundla ephakamileyo, umzekelo, inegunya lokuchaza umGaqonga nemithetho elawulayo, yenza izigqibo zayo zibe nempembelelo kakhulu kuluntu zaseMerika. U. [5] U.[0]

Indlela Iinkundla Eziwakhusela Ngayo Amalungelo Abantu

Iinkundla zifeza umsebenzi obalulekileyo ekulondolozeni amalungelo abantu ngabanye nxamnye nabadlali abazimeleyo kunye norhulumente ngokwawo. Olu khuseleko asikokungaqhubi; lufuna ukubotshwa kwezibakala zetyala ngalinye, ukuchazwa ngenyameko kwemithetho namalungiselelo omgaqo-siseko, nokuzibophelela ekungabini nanxaxheba. Amacandelwana alandelayo achaza indlela ezisisiseko zokuxhasa ngayo iinkundla inkululeko.

Indlela Efanelekileyo Yokuvavanya

Enye yezona ndlela zisisiseko zokukhusela ezinikelwa yinkqubo yenkundla yinkqubo yomthetho efanelekileyo. Lo mgaqo, owenziwe kuMgaqo-siseko wesihlanu noweshumi elinesine oLawulweyo, ufuna ukuba urhulumente alandele iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo ngaphambi kokunxibela umntu ubomi, inkululeko, okanye impahla. Ngokwemigaqo esisiseko, inkqubo efunekayo ithetha ukuba abantu banelungelo lokuphawula nasiphi na isenzo esisemthethweni esinxamnye nabo, ithuba lokuviwa phambi kweNkundla engenamkhethe, nesigqibo esisekelwe kubungqina obunikiweyo. Ityala elilungileyo libandakanya ilungelo lokukhawuleza nokuphula umthetho, ilungelo lokujamelana namangqina, nokuthembeka kwamagosa akhoyo. Ezi zinto ziqinisekisa ukuba amandla emeko awasetyenziswa ngokungenamdlamdla, kwaye zifumana ithuba elinentsingiselo lokutyhola ityala.

Ukukhuselwa Ngokulinganayo Phantsi Komthetho

Iinkundla zikwangowona magunya aphambili okukhusela okulinganayo. ISindululo seMimiselo yeMigaqo-nkqubo se-14 siyalela ukuba akukho rhulumente oza kukhanyela nawuphi na umntu okwigunya lakhe ukukhuselwa okulinganayo kwemithetho. Oku kuthetha ukuba umthetho kufuneka usetyenziswe ngokulinganayo kubo bonke abantu, kungakhathaliseki ukuba luluphi uhlanga, ubufana, unqulo, okanye ezinye iimpawu ezikhuselweyo. Xa umntu okanye amaqela ejongene nocalucalucalulo olulinganayo, angabhenela kwiinkundla zokulungisa. Imithetho esesikweni esesikweni, ukusuka kuBrown v. Ibhodi yemfundo yeObergefell v. Hodges, ibonisa amandla e-judiary ukubetha imithetho yocalucalulo, ukwandisa ukulingana. Ngokutolika umGatho-siseko kunye nokulawula imimiselo engongoma-onqandayo, inkundla engongoma yesizwe.

Ukukhuselwa ekufikeleleni ngokugqithisileyo korhulumente

Inkqubo yenkundla isebenza njengovavanyo lwamandla owiso-mthetho kunye namasebe alawulayo. Ngenkqubo yokuhlola ityala, iinkundla zinegunya lokwaphula imithetho nezenzo zolawulo ezichasene nomGaqo-siseko. Eli gunya liyimfuneko ekulondolozeni ukwahlulwa kwamagunya nokuthintelwa korhulumente. Umzekelo, inkundla inokuthi ivakalise umthetho ongawi phantsi kwamalungelo asemthethweni ukuba iyaphula umthetho ukuba iphazamisana nokuthetha ngokukhululekileyo, iyakuthintela ukusebenzisa inkululeko yonqulo, okanye iyakugunyazisa ukuphengulula nokuxhwaleka okungekho ngqiqwenileyo. Lo msebenzi wokukhusela uqinisekisa ukuba amalungelo abantu ngamanye anikelwa egameni lobugqwebedu okanye uluvo oluqhelekileyo. Iintlanga ezikholelwa ukuba amalungelo azo aphulwe linyathelo likarhulumente elingookruswayo, ukusetyenziswa kwemiqatha kwemiqatha, okanye ukonakaliswa.

Ilungu Lomntu: ABagwebi, Abameli, Nabameli Bomthetho

Ekugqibeleni inkqubo yenkundla ingumsebenzi womntu, yaye ukuphumelela kwayo kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwingqibelelo, ubuchule, nonikezelo lwabantu abasebenza kuyo. Ukuqonda iindima ezahlukileyo zabagwebi, iijaji namagqwetha kubalulekile ekuqondeni indlela okusesikweni okusetyenziswa ngayo imihla ngemihla.

Umgwebi: UGuardian Wemithetho Nomthetho

Ijaji iyalawula kwinkundla yenkundla imisela isigqibo. Kwizigwebo ezikhoyo, ijaji iqinisekisa ukuba ityala liqhutywa kakuhle kwaye ngokuvumelana nomthetho. Isalathisi simisela imithetho yokuthatha inxaxheba, sigqiba ukuba bubuphi ubungqina obufanelekileyo, ifundisa abachopheli-mthetho ukuba baphumeze umthetho osebenzayo, kwaye kwiinkundla zebhedrin, imisela isigqibo. Kwimeko apho abagwebi bejaji bekho, isalatha, isalatha, iqinisekisa ukuba ityala lihlale lijoliswe kwimibandela esemthethweni enxulumene nonyulo oluqhelekileyo, kodwa umgangatho wobundiswano lwawo womabini ukhuselwe. Ijaji ibaluleke kakhulu. Abagwebi balindeleke ukuba babeke ecaleni naluphi na ucalucalu okanye izimvo zobuqu okanye iimbono zomthetho njengoko kubhaliwe. Inkqubo yokukhetha abagwebi iyahluka ngokubanziswa, isuka kwisebe eliphetheyo ukuba linyulwe ngokungaguquki.

IJury: Ilizwi Loluntu Kwinkundla

Ijaji ingumsebenzi owahlulayo wenkqubo yomthetho eqhelekileyo, esebenza njengendlela engqalileyo yokuthabatha inxaxheba ekulawuleni kobulungisa. Kwimeko zolwaphulo-mthetho, ijaji igqiba ukuba ngaba ummangalelwa ubonise ukuba unetyala elingaphaya kokuthandabuzeka. Kwimeko zasekuhlaleni, ijaji igqibelela ligqibe ityala kwaye, kwezinye iimeko, umlinganiselo womonakalo ofanele unikwe. Umsebenzi wabachopheli-mthetho kukufumana izibakala zetyala ezisekelwe kuphela kwingxelo ebekwe enkantolo, kuze ke kusetyenziswe umthetho njengoko ufundiswa ngumgwebi. Ilungelo lokuvava ityala likhuselwa ngabagwebi abagwebi abatshayo kwityala nabahlazi betyala elisemgangelwayo, kwaye kunokwenziwa amalungiselelo afanayo kwimi yomthetho. Umgwebo oqhelekileyo uzisa imbono eyahlukeneyo kunye namava obomi, ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokwenza isigqibo solwaphulo-mthetho, okanye ukunciphisa ityala lokugwebongongongongo.

Icebiso Lasemthethweni: Ikhorimethi Yomfuziselo Onempumelelo

Ilungelo lokumela ngokusemthethweni ngumgaqo wesigqeba senkundla. UMthetho wesiBhodi weSithandathu uqinisekisa ukuba kuzo zonke iinkundla zolwaphulo-mthetho, ummangalelwa unelungelo lokunceda icebiso. Eli lungelo liyimfuneko kuba inkqubo esemthethweni intsonkothile, kwaye abantu abangaqeqeshwanga ngokusemthethweni bakwimeko enzima xa bejongene namandla karhulumente okanye icebo elichaseneyo. Abameli basebenza njengabaxhasi babo, abanikela ubungqina obunqamlezileyo, amangqina anqamlezileyo, awenza iimpikiswano ezingokwasemthethweni, kwaye abaqinisekisa ukuba amalungelo e-procractura ahlonelwa. EUnited States, ityala le mithetho ebhaliweyo livunyiweyo kwimbali yayo. [Ulwalkst sylight synment ichaza ukuba kufuneka kunikwe igqwethastristss abangenakukwazi ukuhlawula omnye. Oku kuqinisekisa okuzinziswayo kuphela ngobulungisa obungabo bagcinwayo. [Umthetho-GeneAdmis , uLawulo lwasekunene, ulawulo loluntu, uG.[10]

Imigaqo Engundoqo Ekhokela Inkqubo Yenkundla

Ngaphandle kwesakhiwo nabantu ababandakanyekileyo, inkqubo yenkundla isekelwe kwimigaqo esisiseko elawula indlela okusetyenziswa ngayo okusesikweni. Le migaqo ayiyoenjongo nje yengcinga; yimilinganiselo esetyenziswayo iinkundla ezizabalazela ukuyiphakamisa kwiimeko zonke. Ngeli ngezantsi yingxubusho eyandisiweyo yezi ngcamango zisisiseko.

  • Ukukhetha: Umgaqo wokungakhethi buso ufuna ukuba abagwebi nabagwebi basondele tyala ngalinye ngaphandle kocalulo, ikhethe, okanye iingcamango ezicingwe kwangaphambili. Oku kufuna ukuba balahle iinkolelo zabo, iimpembelelo zobupolitika, kunye nazo naziphi na ezingaphandle. Ukungakhethi bucala bububungqina bokukholosa abantu ngokubanzi kwijaji, njengoko abagwebi kufuneka baqiniseke ukuba ityala labo liza kugqityelwa kwiimfanelo zalo ezisemthethweni nezibalulekileyo.
  • Imodeli Yoqhubeko loMthetho:[ Njengoko kuxoxwe ngaphambili, inkqubo efunekayo ngukhuseleko olufanelekileyo oluqinisekisa okusesikweni kwiingxoxo zomthetho. Iquka isaziso sezityholo, ithuba lokuviwa, ilungelo lokunika ubungqina, nelungelo lesigqibo esisekelwe kwingxelo. Ngaphandle kwenkqubo efanelekileyo, inkqubo engokwasemthethweni izakunganyaniseki kwaye icinezele.
  • [[NTL:0] Ityala lobumsulwa: Ityala elilungileyo liquka ityala elingaphantsi kunye nelendawo elifunekayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ityala libekwe ngokusesikweni. Oku kuquka ilungelo lokuchotshelwa kwasesidlangalaleni, ukubonakala kobumsulwa kwiimeko zolwaphulo-mthetho, ilungelo lokujamelana nabamangaleli, kunye nelungelo lokufumana ukhuseleko olufanelekileyo. Inkqubo yonke yenkundla yenzelwe ukulungiselela injongo yetyala elilungileyo.
  • Umelo lwe-LT: Ukufikelela kwisiluleko somthetho ligumbi lembombo lobulungisa. Umgaqo uyaqonda ukuba ukuqhuba inkqubo yomthetho kufuna ulwazi olukhethekileyo nokuba abantu abamele banyanzeleke ukuba bajamelane nemicimbi yomthetho kuphela. Impumelelo imigangatho yomelo lwendawo yokudlala kwaye iqinisekisa ukuba onke amazwi ayaviwa.
  • Ilungelo lokubhenela: Ukufumaneka kohlolo lwe-appellate kuqinisekisa ukuba iimpazamo ezenziwe kumyinge wokuvavanya zingalungiswa. Lo mgaqo unika umnatha wokhuseleko kubasebenzi abakholelwa ukuba impazamo esemthethweni ichaphazele iziphumo zemeko yabo. Inkqubo yesibheno ikhuthaza ukuguquguquka nokufana ekusetyenzisweni komthetho ngaphaya kommandla wonke.
  • Imfundiso ye ithetha izigqibo zenkundla ezisebenza njengomzekelo kwiimeko zexesha elizayo. Lo mgaqo unika uzinzo, ukuxelwa kwangaphambili, kunye nokungaguquguquki kumthetho. Ngexa iinkundla zingaguqula ummiselo kwiimeko ezithile, zinamathela kwimithetho yangaphambili ukugcina imigaqo enxulumeneyo kwinkqubo esemthethweni.
  • Ityala leNkundla lidla ngokuvulelwa uwonke-wonke kunye ne-media. Oku kukhanyisa kuqinisekisa ukuba abantu baphendula, kuvumela ukuba baphawule indlela okusetyenziswa ngayo okusesikweni, kwaye kuthintele ukuziphatha okubi. Ukufikelela kwabantu ezirekhodini zasezinkundleni nakwiindlebe kuphawu lwedemokhrasi.

Indlela Ezibhenela Ngayo: Indlela Ezilungisa Ngayo Iimpazamo Zenkqubo

Inkqubo yezibheno yinkqubo esisiseko yenkqubo yenkundla enika indlela yokulungisa iimpazamo. Emva kokuba inkundla equlunqile inikeze umgwebo wokugqibela, umbutho ophulukana netyala usoloko unelungelo lokubhenela kwinkundla ephakamileyo. Isibheno asilotyala elitsha; kunoko, kukuphinda kuhlolwe kwengxelo ebhaliweyo ebhaliweyo echaza iimpazamo ezingokwasemthethweni ezisenokuba zichaphazeleke kwisiphumo. Inkundla yenkundla elungisayo ihlola ityala, ubungqina obuvunyiweyo, kwaye imigaqo esemthethweni eyenziwe ngumgwebi. I-Attoney ayinikezeli imishwa ebhaliweyo kwaye inganikela iimpikiswano zomlomo ukuchaza isizathu sokuba isigqibo senkundla esezantsi kufuneka siqinisekiswe, siphendulwe, okanye iphinde ikhutshwe ngenxa yezenzo ezithenjiweyo. Inkqubo yokucenga ngokomthetho iphumelel'i.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba asisiso sonke isigqibo senkundla esidlulisayo sigama lokugqibela. Kwiinkqubo ezininzi, kukho umaleko othe waphindwa ngokuqhinwa kwinkundla ephakamileyo okanye iNkundla ePhakamileyo yase-U.S. olu hlobo lwendlela luxineneyo luqinisekisa ukuba eyona mibuzo ibalulekileyo engokwasemthethweni iqwalaselwe ngokucokisekileyo. Ucalulo oluneenkcukacha lwendlela inkqubo yezibheno yengiso yequmrhu lunokufunyanwa ngayo .S.

Inkqubo yeNkundla kuBomi Bamihla Le: Impembelelo Yokwenyani Yomhlaba

Ngoxa abantu abaninzi benethemba lokungaze bangene enkundleni yenkundla, inkqubo yenkundla inempembelelo esasazekileyo kubomi bemihla ngemihla. Isivumelwano ngasinye sityikitywe, yonke into ethengwe, kwaye yonke into ebuhlungu yobuqu ilawulwa yimithetho etolikwayo kwaye inyanzeliswe ziinkundla. Xa umnini-ndlu kwaye ebambeneyo engafuni kuvumelana ngokugcinwa kwemali, inkundla encinane inika imvume yokuphelisa izivumelwano. Xa ishishini lixabana nesivumelwano, iinkundla zamakhaya zinikela isicombululo. Xa umntu emangalelwa ngolwaphulo-mthetho, iinkundla zetyala zigqiba ityala kwaye zimisela iziphumo. Inkqubo yenkundla iyakusingatha imicimbi enjengoqhawulo mtshato, ukugcinwa kwabantwana, ukugcinwa kwemiboniso yemiboniso esemthethweni, nokungakhuselwa koburhulumente; zizinto ezichaphazela ulwalamano oluhle lwemali, kunye nenkululeko yobuqu yabantu.

Ngaphezu koko, inkqubo yenkundla yenza indima ebalulekileyo ekulungiseni inkqubo yoluntu kunye nemigaqo yentlalo ngemithetho yayo. Izigqibo kwimibandela enjengemigaqo yemekobume, ukunyamekela impilo, amalungelo okuvota, kunye nokufuduka zineziphumo ezinzulu kubomi bemihla ngemihla bezigidi. Iimeko zeLandmark njenge Roe v. Wade, Shelby County v. Homer, kunye nemithetho yakutshanje kwiLGBTQ+ amalungelo zibonisa ukuba inkqubo yenkundla ayingomxhasi nje owedwa wempikiswano kodwa ingumxhasi okhutheleyo ekuchazeni ingingqi yengingqi yengingqi yengingqi yaseMelika. Ukuqwalasela okubanzi ngendlela iinkundla zelizwe ezisingatha ngayo inkoliso yamatyala achaphazela ngokuthe ngqo abemi, [[FLD:] iziko zeNkundla zeNkundla yezombuso [FFF:1]

Ucelomngeni Lokujamelana Nenkqubo Yenkundla Yanamhlanje

Akukho lungiselelo lugqibeleleyo, kwaye inkqubo yenkundla ijongene nocelomngeni oluninzi olubalulekileyo olunokuchaphazela ukukwazi kwayo ukudlulisela okusesikweni ngokunempumelelo. Olunye lwezona ngxaki zicinezelekileyo luyiyo iziqu zetyala lobulungisa. Abantu abaninzi, ngokukodwa abo bafumana ingeniso ephantsi, abanako ukukwazi ukuchaza ngokomthetho. Nangona benelungelo lokucebisa kwimicimbi yolwaphulo-mthetho, imicimbi yamakhaya efana neempikiswano zomthetho, imiba yemiba yomtshato, kunye namatyala okuqokelelwa kwamatyala ngokufuthi ashiya izikhundla ukuze zizimele. Oku kuzimela ngokwako kunokuzikhokelela kwiziphumo ezingalunganga nokuxhobisa inkqubo yenkundla kunye namatyala alawulwa ngokungenanjongo. Olunye ucelomngeni luyimeko olungenankathayo, lunokubangela ukuba kuqwalaselwe ityala elifanelekileyo, kwaye lungafezeki ukufezeka kwemeko olusemthethweni.

Olunye ucelomngeni lululo [[FLT: 0] olungokobuhlanga nolwabantu bonke . Kwixesha lokubekwa kwezobupolitika, iinkundla ziye zancitshiswa, yaye ngamaxesha athile, ukuhlasela kwezobupolitika. Ukugcina ingqiqo yokuba abagwebi abangakhethi mthetho, kunokuba abadlali bezopolitiko, kubalulekile ukugcina ukuthemba uluntu. Xa i-judiary ijokwa njenge-cratic, ukuthembeka kwayo kusenokuphela, kwaye ukuthobela kwayo imiyalelo yenkundla kungabangela ukwenzeka. Ngaphezu koko, [[FLT.2]] ubuchule bokwenza utshintsho lwangokuqhelekileyo, buye babangela utshintsho oluqhelekileyo. [[FLT.[FLT] , kunye noluvo oluthe kokugqibela, luveza uvavanyo oluthelekelele, okanye oluneentlobo-entlobo-ntlobo-ntlobo-ntlobo-zonkalo lwe-mngeni, luye lubangela ukuba abagwebi bagwebe nokulawulwa.[5]

Isiphelo: Ukubaluleka Okuhlala Kuhleli Kwenkqubo Yenkundla

Inkqubo yenkundla ayiyonkqubo yokohlwaya izaphuli-mthetho okanye yokucombulula iingxabano phakathi kwabamelwane. Lilungiselelo elisisiseko elikhusela amalungelo abantu, eliphakamisa umthetho, kwaye liqinisekisa ukuba ibutho labantu lisebenza kwisiseko sokusesikweni nokuphendula ityala. Kwisakhiwo esahlula iinkundla ezigwebayo kwiinkundla zenkundla, kubantu abazinikeleyo abasebenza njengabagwebi, abagwebi, namagqwetha, onke amalungu enkqubo asebenza kunye ekudluliseleni umthetho. Imigaqo yokungakhethi, imigaqo yokuvavanywa okufanelekileyo, nokusesikweni, kunye nokumelelwa okusemthethweni kunika imigaqo elungileyo ekhokelayo yonke imimiselo. Inkqubo yokuzicengagobhlawuli iqinisekisa ukuba nayiphi nayiphi na into eqhubekayo ityala. Inkundla engundoqo ikhusela nayiphi nayiphi naleyo ekhoyo inkundla efuna ulawulo oluphambili. [IiNtlangalo yoMthetho ongundoqo weMicimbiso yoMthetho-mthetho ixhasa ukuqinisekisa ukulawulwa kwemiqatha yenkqubo entsha.[10]