Imvelaphi kunye neMinyaka Yangaphambili Yasemva Kwemfazwe (1945-1955)

IJaphani Social Democratic Party (JSDP) ilandelela imvelaphi yayo emva kweziphumo ezikhawulezileyo zemfazwe yehlabathi II. Yasungulwa ngoNovemba 1945 phantsi kwegama [[FLT: 0] iJapan Socialist Party [JP] , yamanyanisa intlalo-ntle yangaphambi kwemfazwe kunye namaqela amaqela asebenzayo aye athotyelwe phantsi kolawulo lwemfazwe. Iqonga leqela labiza idemokhrasi, iJapan enoxolo ngogxininiso olunamandla kumalungelo abasebenzi, iinkqubo zentlalo-ntlalo, kunye nokupheliswa kwenkqubo yolawulo lomlawuli wemfazwe yemfazwe yemfazwe kunye nentsebenzi abasebenzi abasebenzi abanziwa ngokulungeleneyo njengoko utshintsho lwe-U.S.

Kunyulo luka-1949 oluqhelekileyo .ekunyulweni lokuqala ngemva kwemfazwe, i-JSP yazuza izihlalo 93, isenza itheko lesibini elandayo emva kweLiberal Party. Eli qela lathatha inxaxheba ngokufutshane kurhulumente odibeneyo phantsi koMphathiswa weNkulumbuso uShigera Yoshida kodwa kungekudala lahlulahlula ngokweembono ezahlukeneyo. [ iphiko elithe tye , likhokelwa nguMphathi-mikhosi wesigqeba Tetsu Katayama (owakhe urhulumente wokuqala weJapan owe ngo194748), ethande ulungiso oluphakathi kwaye lisebenza phakathi kweU. [FLT:] iphiko elisekhohlo [FLT:] [FLD]] elixhasa ukulwa kweqela, udidi lwesizwe, nobezwano lwezobundidi yesizwe, nelo lobuzwe lamanye amazwe athenti.

Ukwahlula-hlula Kwasekhohlo Okusekunene nokunyuka kweQela leMisa lobuSoshiyali (1955-1960)

Emva kodityaniso lwango1955 lweLiberal Party neDemocratic Party ukwenza iLiberal Democratic Party (LDP), i-JSP yaphendula ngokudibanisa amaqela ayo ngasekhohlo nangasekunene kwisakhiwo seqela elinye. Noko ke, ukudityaniswa kwaba buthathaka. Isivumelwano seqela [FLT]955] Isindululo seLiberal-Democratic Party [ sachaza usukelo lwaso “lwenguquko ye-sobukhomputha” ngoncedo, kodwa iphiko lwasekhohlo lutyhalela ukuma kweminye i-U.S-Japan Security Treant.

Izabhiyozelo ze-Anpo . Isivumelwano sokhuseleko se-U.S.-Japan saphelelwa amanzi. I-corion of the JSP, ikhokelwe ngamanani afana noMosaburō Suzuki no Saburō Eda, yakhokela imiboniso emikhulu yezitrato. Iqela lahluleka ukuvala ukudityaniswa kwesivumelwano, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekuqhekekeni: iphiko lasekunene laphuka ukuze livelise i- Democratic Comism Party (DPS), ngoxa esekhohlo lasala kwi JSP. Oku kwayenza buthathaka ngokupheleleyo umbutho woluntu, ukunciphisa i-JSPP.

Kuyo yonke iminyaka yee-1960, i-JSP oscillation phakathi kobuchule bokwenza ucoselelo obugqithisileyo kunye nokhetho olugqithisileyo. Yagcina ulwalamano olomeleleyo ne Sōhyō ulwandiso lomsebenzi, olwanika inkxaso yombutho nemali. Iqonga leqela lagxininisa imfazwe (iSithomo 9 somGaqo-siseko), ukuchasana nezixhobo zenyukliya, nolwando lwe-inshorensi yentlalo. Kodwa lazama ukutsala uvo olutsha ngaphaya kwesiseko salo, njengoko ukukhula ngokukhawuleza kwezoqoqosho kushenkile ingqalelo kawonke wonke kwimicimbi yeklasi.

Iminyaka yee - 1970 nocelomngeni “Lokugqibela Elitsha”

Ii1970 zazisa ucelomngeni olutsha. Ukuvela kweNtloko Entsha Ekhohlo[[FLT:] Intshukumo ezithi zihambe phambili ```````Iimekobume, iingcali zemekobume, kunye nezokulwa nemfazwe yeVietnam'''s ar shorters's `iqaliswe i-JSP ngokugqithisileyo kwaye idityaniswe yisakhiwo. Okwangoku, i-LDP'' yexesha elide nempumelelo evela ku-“ isimangaliso sezoqoqosho lwaseJapan” yenza iisicelo se-JSP' zokwabela-mali ezingundoqo zibonakale ziphelelwe lixesha.

Ngo 1972, i-JSP yabaleka kwiqonga “loxolo, idemokhrasi, kunye nesoshiyali” kodwa yafumana isithintelo esikhulu sokukhetha, yawela kwizihlalo eziyi 118 kwiNdlu yabameli. Eli qela laphendula ngokuthi lamkele “ Uxolo oluBalekayo” indlela, ekhuthaza ukungalungisi nokukhutshwa kweSivumelwano sokhuseleko. Noko ke, ngaphakathi phakathi kweNdlu yeNdlu yeQumrhu phakathi kwe- i-“Iqela elitsha langoku" laqhubeka lisenza amandla alo.

Ekupheleni konyaka ka-1970, i-JSP yayime ngokunyuswa, ibambe malunga no-15-20% yevoti. I-LDP yandisa ulawulo lwayo, ngeli xesha iQela lobuKomanisi laseJapan litsala ezinye iivoti ezitsala ngasekhohlo nemodeli yentlangano eqeqesheke ngakumbi. Ukungakwazi kwe-JSP ukuchaza enye indlela ecacileyo yokukhula kwenkqubo ye-LDP kwakhokelela kumphakamo wokuqala omde.

Iminyaka yee - 1980: Landula Nokufuna Indlela Entsha

Iminyaka yee-1980 yayilishumi lengxaki ekhoyo ye-JSDP (lo mbutho waligcina igama elithi JSP de 1996). Ukuwohloka kwe-LDP kobudlaba kwakhula phantsi kweNkulumbuso Yomphathiswa uYasuhiro Nakasone, oonobunguqu bokutshintsha kwelizwe laseJapan. "uprivativetion of Japan National Railways", ukubekwa kwe-tentactal jP. Ukuwa kweSoviet Union okuya ijongeka ngokungeyonyaniso kumazwe ajongekahle emhlabeni wonke, ngexesha i-JSP iplatton yabonakala ihamba ngokuphinda-phinda-phinda ivela kwi-phinda-phinda-phinda-phinda-phinda-phinda-phinda-phinda-phinda-phinda kwimiqatha ye-nde yomanyano ye-JCPP.

Ngo1986, i-JSP yafumana ukoyiswa kwayo okugqithisileyo emva kwemfazwe, iphumelela izihlalo ezingama-86. Umthetho wesithethe walo mkhosi ochasene nenyukliya, ochasene nomkhosi wavakala ngabavoti abambalwa, kunye nenkcaso yayo kwiU.S.-Japan yabonakala ingeyonyani kumongo weminyaka yokugqibela yemfazwe yomlomo. Ukuphelelwa lithemba kwangaphakathi kwakhokelela kwi “Isindululo esitsha”[ ngo1988, apho iqela lamkela ngokusemthethweni iSivumelo soKhuselo kunye neMikhosi ye-Uzimo-D, njengomgaqo-ogralithi ye-Dieffensesss (umthetho-omGenesticel).

Unyulo lwendlu ephezulu lonyaka ka 1989 lwanika ithemba eliqaqambileyo: i-JSP yafumana izihlalo ezingama-44, igxeka ukunganyaniseki kwe-LDP (ihlazo le-Recruit) kunye nerhafu ecetyisiweyo yokusebenzisa irhafu. Noko ke, uloyiso lwahlala ixesha elifutshane. Iqonga lalo qela lahlala lingenangqondo, kwaye alizange lisebenzise kakhulu kubuthathaka bexeshana.

Ii - 1990: Ezobupolitiki Bobukho Becawa, Uloyiso Lowe - 1993, Nokubuyiselwa Kwesizwe

Unyulo jikelele lwango 1993 lwaba yindawo yokuguqula ngokuphawulekayo. Ukwahlulwa kweLDP, kudityaniswe nomsindo kawonke-wonke ngenxa yokunganyaniseki, kwakhokelela ekusungulweni korhulumente ongengo-LDP. I-JSP yathathe inxaxheba kwikhatheminali esixhenxe ekhokelwa nguPrimester Morihiro Hosokawa (weQela Elitsha laseJapan). Kwisihlandlo sokuqala kwiminyaka engama-38, i-LDP yayingaphandle kwegunya (kodwa) kodwa i-JSP yayilinye kuphela, kwaye impembelelo yayo yayilinganiselwe.

Umanyano lwawa ngo1994 xa i-LDP yabuyela kulawulo ngenxenye ye-JSP. Oku kwakhokelela kumanyano olungaqhelekanga: LDP-JSP-New Partipata Sakigake umnqongo weqela phantsi koMphathiswa wemikhosi uTomiichi Murayama, owaba ngowokuqala (naye kuphela) umphathiswa wentlalo ukususela kwiKatama. Murayama wenza izigqibo ezimbali: ngokusesikweni [ uphakathe umkhosi wemfazwe yexesha lemfazwe yaseJapan [[FLTLT:3] [uRGenethi] [ult:3], (unyaka ka 1995) esazisileyo yemfazwe yobuGenefumGenethi, esazisayo se-umthetho wobuGenestia. Le Nhlangano sokhuseleko sahlula ihamba isuka kwiqela lesizwe sasekhohlo sasekhohlo samazwe amaninzi (ininzi) (iDemocractic .)

Ngo-199, iqela latshintsha igama lalo ngokusemthethweni laba yi Iqela ledemokhrasi (SDP), okanye ngesiJapan, SAKAI Minshutō[. I-Rebranding ijolise ekubonakaliseni ukuqala ngokutsha njengeqela ledemokhrasi, hayi i-socialism. Kodwa igama litshintsha kuphela ukukhawuleza kokuhla kwemitsha. Kunyulo yonyaka ka 1996, i-SDP yafumana izihlalo ezilishumi elinesihlanu kuphela, kwaye amaninzi amalungu aseleyo athelela kwi-DPJ.

Ama - 2000: Iqela Elincinane Elinebala Elicacileyo EliyiNicothe

Kuyo yonke iminyaka yowama- 2000, i-SDP (ngokuqhelekileyo ibhekiselwa kuyo njenge-JSDP kwisiNgesi) yazinza njengendima njengeqela elincinane kodwa elibaluleke kakhulu. Iqonga layo laya lijolise kwi iparacifism [ukubeka inxaxheba yeJapan kwimfazwe yeIraq nengcaciso yeGaqo-zi, [[FLT:]] amalungelo abantu (ingakumbi amatyala enyukliya, iLBT, i-RGT, kunye namalungelo amancinci), [[FLT:] ii-partronism [[FLT]], kunye [FLT]

Inkokeli yeqela eliphambili kweli xesha yayingu- uMizo Fukushima, owakhokela i-JSDP ukususela ngo- 2003 ukuya phambili. Phantsi kweFukushima, eli qela lenza izivumelwano ne-DPJ, kwaye ngo-2009, i-JSDP yadibana norhulumente we-DPJ emva kwesigqibo se-DPJ soloyisoliso lwezwe le-LDP. Fukushima wamiselwa njengoMphathiswa welizwe we-Consumorst noKhutety, kwaye iqela laba nezithuba eziliqela. Noko ke, umbutho wawunento eninzi wawunenkcedwa yi-fdroot. I-JDP yalwa ngamandla emva kwesigqibo se-DP. i-Mornbergirn Punton (ienoha) kwi-Prokin (iediyo).

Ukususela ngoko, i-JSDP ihlale ichasa, ithe yanetha nangakumbi. Ngonyulo-wonke luka-2012, yaphumelela izihlalo ezibini kuphela kwiNdlu yabameli (iziphumo ezimbi kakhulu zakha zabakho. Isabelo seqela lovoti siye sahla malunga no-0.7% zweni lonke.

Uphuhliso Lwakutshanje: 2010

I-2010 yavavanya ukusebenza kwe-JSDP. Unyuko lwe-DPJ (kanye kamva abangeni bayo njenge-Democratic Party yeQela leDemocratic yaseJapan, iCDPJ) lwashiya igumbi elincinane kwiqela ledemokhrasi elahlukileyo elishiywe yidemokhrasi. I-JSDP yazama ukuzihlula ngokuxhasa amandla ombane we-anti obangela emva kwentlekele yeFukushima Daichichi, ikhuthaza ulungiso-siseko somgaqo-siseko somgaqo-siseko soburhulumente, kwaye ikhuthaza “ukhuseleko lomntu wasemzini. ukanti iqela lahlala linento yeqela elincinane labaxhasi abazinikele nengcuphene.

Ngo-2020, emva kothotho lwemiboniso engekho ngqiqweni, uMizuho Fukushima wahla njengenkokeli yeqela yaye wangenelwa SEIji Mataichi, owayesakuba ligosa lombutho worhwebo. Indlu yeBhunga lobukho beKhunga incinane ngokufanayo: njengo 2025, kodwa ukufuduka akukunqandanga ukuhla. Kunyulo jikelele lwama-2021, i-JSDP yafumana isihlalo esi-1 (indawo yokumela umlinganiselo we-Fukushima). Indlu yeqela lobukho beBhunga ibamba inguloritha: njengabo basekuhlaleni, kodwa ibamba izihlalo ezimbini kwindlu ephezulu.

Namhlanje, i-JSDP igcina uthungelwano lwabaxhasi oluncinane kodwa olunamandla, ingakumbi phakathi kwabaxhasi abadala nabahlala eOkinawa, apho iqonga elichasene nesiseko livakala khona. Ikwaxhase imiba efana nokulingana kwamadoda kunye nokuphinda kuphinde kulungiswe “umthetho wolandelelwano olusemthethweni” ukuvumela abalawuli bamafama. Noko ke, kunzima ukutsala abavoti abaselula, abanokungakhathali okanye abatsaleleka kwipopulist amanani asekunene asuka kwisangqa okanye kwiCDPJCP kunye ne-JCP.

Iqela laNgoku

Iqonga elisemthethweni elikhoyo leJSDP, elihlaziywe kutshanje ngowama - 2021, lisekelwe koku:

  • I- i-Pacifs:[ inamathela ngokungqongqo kwiGatya 9, ukuchasana nokuhlaziywa komgaqo-siseko oza kuvumela imikhosi epheleleyo, kunye nenkqubo yelinye ilizwe esekelwe ekungalawuleni nakulawulo.
  • [[Umthetho:0] Imithetho esesikweni: yandisa umnatha wokhuseleko lwentlalo, irhafu eqhubela phambili, kunye nokomelezwa kwamalungelo abasebenzi (kuquka inkxaso yokumanyaniswa kwabasebenzi abangengomalungu eencwadi).
  • [[UMTL:0] Intshukumo: Ukutshintsha okukhawulezileyo ukuphinda kuvuselelwe amandla, isigaba esiphuma kumandla enyukliya, kunye nomlinganiselo onamandla wemozulu.
  • Amalungelo abantu: Ukwamkelwa komtshato omnye, imithetho echasene nokonakalisa, kunye nenkxaso yamalungelo oMda we-Ainu.
  • [[NTL: 0] Umanyano: olufuna ukuvalwa nokususwa kwesiseko se-U.S. ukusuka kwiOkinawa Prefecture.

Imisebenzi Eqhelekileyo Nemathemba Exesha Elizayo

Itafile engezantsi ishwankathela iJSDP (nendawo eyandulelayo) kunyulo lwakutshanje lweHoo Esemazantsi:

` Note: Oku kulandelayo sisishwankathelo esilula.

  • [[UMTLL:0]19996: izihlalo ezilishumi elinesihlanu (ungaphantsi kwegama le SDP)
  • [[UMTL:0]2000: izihlalo 19
  • [[UMTL_HAWU] 22003: izihlalo ezi-6
  • [[UMTL_HAWU] 22005: izihlalo ezisixhenxe
  • : izihlalo ezisixhenxe (ifakelwe DPJ-okentswana)
  • [[UMTL_HAWU: 0] 2012:[[UMGAQO-MBI] izihlalo ezi-2
  • [[UMTLL:0] 2014: izihlalo ezi-2
  • [[UMTL:0] 2017:[[UMGAQO-MBI] izihlalo ezi-2
  • [[UMTL:0] 2021:[[UMTL:1] Isihlalo 1

Nge-1% yevoti yesizwe, i-JSDP ngoku ingumkhosi osezantsi. Igcina impembelelo elingana nobungakanani bayo kuphela ngenxa yomba wayo wendawo ephezulu (ingakumbi i-Okinawa) nendima yayo kwisixhobo sokulwa ne-togggm noxolo. Ukusinda kweqela kuxhomekeke kwizivumelwano ezicwangcisiweyo namanye amaqela aphikisayo. Ngo-2022, i-JSDP yenza isivumelwano esiphelekayo neCDPJ nonyulo lwendlu yangasentla, ukunceda umncomi walo ukuba azuze indawo yokuhlala kwenye indawo yomelo.

Indawo Yangoku Nemo yemouse

Namhlanje i-JSDP bubukho obuncinci kodwa obuhlala buhleli kwezobupolitika zamaJapan. Isebenza njengendawo yokuhlala iinjongo zedabi kunye nedemokhrasi yentlalo eyabangela kuqala isemva kwemfazwe eseleyo. Indaleko yeqela libonakalisa ububanzi bebali lehlabathi lonke elisekhohlo: ukusuka kwintshukumo yothotho ukuya kumatshini wokukhetha ukuya kumgangatho osezantsi kwiqela le-advocacy. Ngoxa ingasaveli isisongelo esinzulu kulawulo lwe-LDP, i-JSDP ihlala ingulunye uhlobo lomfuziselo lwevota abagatya bonke abacholi be- Conservative nePopulist iimbono zabo zexesha elizayo. Ikamva layo lisekuqhubekekiswe kumelo lwendawo kunye nendima ye-mbutho lombutho eqhekekileyo kwinkcalucalu.

Noko ke, ishumi leminyaka elizayo liza kuba likhulu. Ngaphandle kokuba u-JSDP waluphala, ukuhlanganiswa kombono osebenzayo okhoyo owenziwe phakathi ngaphaya kweCDPJ, nokunyuka kwamandla amatsha njenge Reiwa Shinsengumi (ekwayiyo imigaqo yenkqubela phambili) usongela ukucima elo qela ngokupheleleyo. Ngaphandle kokuba i-JSDP iyakwazi ukuchaza umbono onamandla kodwa osebenzayo ohambisana nesizukulwana esitsha, qhambuka kulawulo lolawulo lwezintlukwano, ukurhoxiswa kweOkinawa, okanye ulawulo-demokhrasi lwezoqoqosho (ingaphela kwimbali yembali yelizwe laseJaphani. Ngoku, iJaphani iDmocratic Parti ihlala ingumatshini ephilayo yoxolo lwemfazwe nedemokhrasi, kodwa ukusinda kwayo kuqinisekisiwe kude kude kude.