Ukuqonda Imiqathango Yohlolisiso Lolwazi

Mihla le, umntu oqhelekileyo udibana namakhulu eentloko, iinkupho zezentlalo-ntle, iividiyo, kunye nezinto ezixhasweyo. Phambi kwe-Internet, abagcini-sango abanjengomhleli, abalayishi, kunye nabahloli bezifundo banceda ekuhluzeni oko kwafikelela kuluntu. Namhlanje, ezo zihluzi zingekho kakhulu. Uxanduva lokugqiba oko kuyinyaniso, kuthembeke, kwaye kuluncedo luye lwaziswe ngqo kumfundi. Ukufunda indlela yokuhlola ulwazi akusengobuchule bolwazi olunenkqeqesho; lukhuphi olungundoqo wokufumana ubumi obunetyala. UMischoption unokuba negalelo kwimpilo kawonke, kwaye utshonisa ukuthembana kwemibutho. Ngokuziqhelisela ubuchule obumbalwa obucwangcisiweyo, unokuzikhusela kunye noluntu kwiziphumo ezona zolwazi.

Le sikhokelo sakhela kwisakhelo sovavanyo oluqhelekileyo kwaye isongeze ngoqheliso lwangoku olusetyenziswa ngabakhangeli benyaniso abangoonolwazi kunye nabagcini-zincwadi. Ukuba uphanda iprojekthi yesikolo, ujonga iplagi, okanye ugqiba indlela yokuvota, amanyathelo alandelayo aya kukunceda ukuba wahlule uphawu kwingxolo.

Isiseko: Ukwazi Imvelaphi Yolwazi Lwakho

Phambi kokuba ugwebe ukuthembeka, kufuneka uqonde imvelaphi. Ulwazi lukhona kumahluko ukusuka kugcino-lwazi oluluhlaza ukuya kushwankathela uphindo, kwaye uhlobo ngalunye luneengcephe ezahlukileyo nobuthathaka.

Imithombo

Imithombo engundoqo inikela ubungqina obungqalileyo, obuzizo. Imizekelo iquka uphando lokuqala olupapashwa koolindixesha abajongwe ngoontanga, ukucwangciswa kogcino-lwazi olutsha, imibhalo-ngqangi yembali, iingxoxo, iirekhodi zenkundla, kunye namaxwebhu asemthethweni karhulumente. Inzuzo yabo engundoqo kukungalandeli: uyabubona ubungqina ngaphandle kokutolika. Noko ke, imithombo ephambili inokuba nzima ukutolika ngaphandle komongo, kwaye ugcino-lwazi oluluhlaza lungaphelelanga okanye luqokelelwe luhlalutyo.

Udidi lwesibini

Imithombo yesibini ihlalutya, ukutolika, okanye ukucaphula izinto ezingundoqo. Cinga ngamanqaku eendaba, iifilimu zevidiyo, iincwadi zoncwadi, kunye nohlolo loncwadi. Umthombo wesibini owenziwe kakuhle wonga ixesha ngokushwankathela nangokusebenzisa umongo, kodwa usoloko uphethe ilens yombhali ecacisayo. Imithombo yesibini ephambili ichaza ngokucacileyo izinto zayo ezingundoqo ukuze uqinisekise oko kuthethwayo.

Umthombo Wesithuthi

Imithombo ebhaliweyo iqokelela kwaye ikhuphe ulwazi kwimisebenzi yokuqala neyesibini. IEncyclopedia (kuquka iWikipedia), iincwadi zencwadi, kunye neesiseko sogcino-lwazi eziqulunqweyo ziwela kweli candelo. Zilunge kakhulu ekufumaneni inkcazo ekhawulezayo okanye ekufumaneni amagama angundoqo, kodwa zinqabile ukunikezela ngobunzulu obufunekayo kuvavanyo olungqongqo. Zisebenzise njengeengongoma zokuqalisa, hayi amagunya okugqibela.

Isixhobo Sale Mihla Sovavanyo

Uluhlu lokuhlola lwesithethe olufana novavanyo lweCRAAP (Uvavanyo lweCRAP, iRelevance, iGunya, Injongo) luhlala luluncedo, kodwa lunemida kwimeko-bume yezentlalo-ntle ehamba ngokukhawuleza. I-Misformation isasazeka ngokukhawuleza kangangokuba awunakukwazi ukushiya iphepha uphando ngemiqathango nganye. Abakhangeli-manani bemeko bavelise indlela esebenzayo ebizwa ngokuba [[FLT:]]

Ukufunda Kwamva Ngokuchasene Nokufunda Ngokuthe Nkqo

Xa uvula inqaku kwaye uhlala kwi webhsayithi enye ukujonga, ufunda [[FLT: 0] ngokume nkqo. Ukhangela i "Ngephepha”, ibhayoloji, umhla, neembekiselo. Oku kuvakala kusengqiqweni, kodwa yiyo kanye engalunganga i purveyors ezijongeka kakuhle. Zingadala ingcali- ingcali “malunga” amaphepha nesiqinisekiso senkohliso. ukufunda okulandelayo] okutsha okuthetha ukuvula ii-tab ezintsha ngaphambi kokuba ufunde okuqule okuquleyo. Uphendla ngokokuba ezinye imithombo ehloniphekileyo zikuthetha ngombhali, umvakalisi, umvakalisi, kunye nezityholo ezingalunganga. Ukuba impilo ithi kukho ummangaliso, awufundi kwi-tab; uvula i-tab; uchaza ukuba uyakwazi ukuchitha ixesha elibonakalayo lokusebenzisa ulwazi.

Imida yovavanyo lweqhosha (Ihlaziyiwe)

  • [[FLT: 0] Igunya eliqinisekisiweyo: Ungaze uthembe umbhali wendalo kuphela. Khangela igama labo ukuqinisekisa iisiqinisekiso zabo. Jonga ukuba zicatshulwe ziingcali ezizimeleyo. I-PD kwisixhobo sediploma ayigunyazi; uluvo loontanga lugunyaziwe.
  • [[FLT: 0] Uphando oluchaziweyo oludityanisiweyo: olunye uphando olucatshuliweyo alulingani nenyaniso. Jonga uvumelano ngaphaya komthombo omninzi ozimeleyo. Sebenzisa isiseko sogcino-lwazi njengo Google Schrets okanye Umphengululi we Google phendla injini ukubona ukuba iphepha licatshulwe kanga ngantoni kwaye ngubani.
  • Ubuchule kunye nokubonakala ngokucacileyo kocalulo: Wonke umthombo unobuhlanga, kuquka nalo. Isitshixo yi ephambanisayo. Umthombo othembekileyo utyhila inkxaso yawo yemali, inkqubo yomhleli, kunye neengxaki ezinokwenzeka zomdla. Umthombo ofihla ubumnini bawo okanye umsebenzi wayo yiflegi ebomvu.
  • Umahluko ngemeko: Kumasimi ahamba ngokukhawuleza njengamayeza okanye ubugcisa, imvelaphi esuka ku-2018 inokuba iphelelwe lixesha ngokuyingozi. Kwimbali okanye kwizibalo, imithombo emidala inokuba yeyasemthethweni. Ngamaxesha onke bubuza: “Ngaba ukudlula kwexesha kuyayitshintsha inkcazelo?"
  • Ukungalawuleki nokugqibelela: Ingaba umthombo ukhoyo ungqinelaniso, imiqathango, okanye ukungaqiniseki? Ukuba umthombo wenza intengo ngaphandle kokuvuma nabuphi na ubungqina obuphikisayo, isenokunyuswa kakhulu okanye inyanzeliswe kakhulu okanye inyanzelo.

Oovimba abakhusela inyaniso Onokubuthemba

Kwanoyena mhloli unobuchule ufuna uncedo ngamanye amaxesha. Imibutho elandelayo ekhangela inyani iseke iirekhodi zomkhondo ezingekho kwicala labefundisi. Ziphawule kwaye zizenze zime xa uvingce.

  • [FLT]Snopes:[[FT:3] Inxuwa elidala kakhulu le-intanethi yokukhangela indalo. Igquma intsomi zasedolophini, amarhe, kunye neentelekelelo zezopolitiko ngokucukucezwa nokulinganiswa kwereyithi.
  • [FLT]KACK. org:[[[FT:3] Iprojekthi yeAnntenberg Policy Center kwiYunivesithi yasePennsylvania. Igxininisa kakhulu kwiingxelo zezopolitiko ze-Phondo nezobuGcisa obungachasiyo ngobungqina.
  • [[NTLT:0] FOLITIFT:[[FTLT:3] efunjwe yiPoynteter Institute engaphumezi ngeniso. Isebenzisa i-“Truth-O- Meter" kwaye ilandela ucoselelo lwamazwi angoopolitiko, ii-punti, ii-pindits, kunye nee-virusmes. Lumma ukuba igubungela i-U.S, okuthetha ukuba ezinye ii-Propolitistiki zi-eququququ.
  • TruthFoct.com Yindawo encinci engqinelana okanye ekhuphayo ejikeleza kwi email, menu yentlalo- media, kunye nemiyalezo yetsheyina. Yaziwa kancinci kodwa iluncedo kumarherhe.

Kwinkcazelo egqwethekileyo yehlabathi lonke, kwakhona qwalasela i-Afrika Khangela [Afrika], Inyaniso epheleleyo [ [UBukumkani obumanyeneyo], kunye Cheado [isiLatin America]]. Inyaniso- isebenza ngenethwekhi yoMnatha [, emisela imilinganiselo yokuziphatha kunye namaqumrhu axhasayo.

Amanyathelo Asebenzisekayo Okuhlola Imihla Le

Uthutho lomsebenzi olulandelayo luye lwaveliswa kwindlela ye- ESIFT eveliswe nguMike Caulfield, umphengululi ophambili kwingingqi yolwazi lwengingqi. Yenzelwe isantya nocoselelo.

Inyathelo 1: Yima

Xa intwana yenkcazelo ibangela ukusabela ngokweemvakalelo, uvuyo, uloyiko okanye umsindo . ukuyeka ukuya exesheni kuyanwenwa ngokukhawuleza ngenxa yokuba iphazamisa ingcinga. phefumla ungabelani nganto de ube ugqibe amanyathelo alandelayo.

Inyathelo lesi-2: Hlola imvelaphi

Vula isithuba esitsha uze ukhangele igama le-website, impapasho, okanye umbhali ngamagama afana “ne-fct check,” okanye“bias,” umzekelo, ukuba ubona itshati ebhalwe ngu“Institute for Health Metrics,” uphengulula“Institute for Health Metrics proces". okanye “Institute for Health Metrics xhasa ngemali." Kwimizuzwana engama-60, uyakwazi ukufumanisa ukuba umthombo unembali yokusasazeka kwenkcazelo ephosakeleyo.

Inyathelo 3: Funda ingxelo ethenjwayo

Kunokuba uhlolisise intengo yokuqala ngokuzikhetha, khangela oko kuthethwa ziindawo zokukhupha iindaba ezimiselweyo okanye iziko lemfundo ngomxholo omnye. Ukuba imithombo emininzi ezimeleyo, yomgangatho ophezulu ivumelana ngezibakala, intengo inokuba ithembekile. Ukuba imvelaphi kuphela yeyokuqala okanye uthungelwano lwamanxuwa okucofa, yiphathe ngokuthandabuza.

Inyathelo 4: Tceka ibala ubuyele kumo woqobo wokuqala

I-Misprogist isoloko ikrwada imigqaba-magama, amanani, okanye imifanekiso ngaphandle komongo. Ividiyo ebonisa isazi-politiki esithetha into ebangela iintloni isenokuba ithuthwe kwintetho ende eguqula intsingiselo. Sebenzisa izixhobo zokukhangela umfanekiso ogqwethekileyo njengoGoogle Images okanye u-Tineye ukufumana umfanekiso wokuqala okanye ividiyo. Ukufumana umbhalo, phenya ibinzana elahlukileyo ekufumaneni imvelaphi yokuqala. Kuphela ngoko ungagweba kakuhle.

Amanye Amacebiso Aluncedo

Ityala Elikhethekileyo: Iindaba, Imithombo yezoNtlalo, Nezinto Ezinesidima

Uvavanyo lwamaphepha-ndaba

Asizizo zonke imithombo yeendaba edalwe ngokulinganayo. Ukukhupha okusemthethweni kweendaba okwahlula iindaba kwiimbono zomhleli. Jonga ezi mpawu zilandelayo:

Uvavanyo lwezoshishino zoluntu

Iiplatfomu zentlalo zenzelwe ukuganana, hayi ukuchana. Imithetho yomthetho ikhulisa umxholo osusiweyo kuba igcina abasebenzisi behlisa benyusa. Xa ubona i post ye virus:

Imixholo yeViral (Memes, Imifanekiso, uLwazi

Imememes nefographics ziyingozi kakhulu kuba zifaka ipakethe ngendlela enomtsalane, ekwaziyo ukuboniswa. Musa ukuthemba ugcino-lwazi kuba lukhangeleka luchwethezekile. Sebenzisa uphengululo olugqwethekileyo ukuze ubone ukuba imizobo iqala nini na apho ivela khona. Iinkcazelo ezininzi zijikeleza iminyaka ngezibalo eziphelelwe lixesha okanye eziyilweyo. Zisoloko zibuza: “Ngubani owadala le nto, kwaye zibhale ntoni?”

Ingcamango Ephosakeleyo

Ukuqonda isizathu sokuba iinkuni ezixokisiweyo zinokukunceda uxhathise. Ucalucalulo oluninzi lusenza sibe sengozini:

  • [[FLT: 0] Ukuxhasa ukuguquguquka: Sixhasa ulwazi oluqinisekisa iinkolelo zethu ezikhoyo. Ukuphikisa oku, funa ngokukhutheleyo imithombo yomgangatho ophezulu engavumelaniyo nesikhundla sakho.
  • [[FLT: 0] Isiphumo sobunyani: Utyhilo oluphindiweyo kwintengo luyenza ivakalelwe inyani, nokuba bubuxoki. Kungoko inkohliso isasazeka ngokukhawuleza ngokwabelana. Ingxelo efanayo ebonwa kubahlobo abalishumi abahlukeneyo ibonakala ithembekile emva kwexesha leshumi.
  • [[FLT: 0] Isiphumo senyaniso: kwanokuphindaphinda kanye kwandisa inyaniso ecacileyo yengxelo. Oku kungenxa yokuba ulungiso lusoloko lusilela; inkohliso iba yeqhelekile njengoko iphindwa. Ukhuseleko olungcono kukuphepha ukwabelana nantoni na de ube uyingqinele.
  • [[UMTL: 0] Isiphumo sokutshintsha-tshintsha: Abantu abanolwazi olusezantsi lombandela badla ngokubona umlinganiselo ophezulu kakhulu wokuwuvavanya. Abemi abanoxanduva bayazi imida yabo kwaye bafunde kwiingcali kunokuba bangabavumeli.

Ukwazi ezi ngxaki asilonyango kodwa ligonyo. Xa uziva utsalwa libali elikhuthaza ukujongwa kwehlabathi, yima uze usebenzise amanyathelo okuhlola.

Imithetho-siseko yemithetho kunye neZiko leNcoko

Ukutya kwakho kolwazi kubunjwe zii-algorithm zenzelwe ukwandisa ixesha kwiqonga. Ezi mithetho-manani zifunda oko ukunqakraza, kwaye zikunceda ngakumbi ngokufanayo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ungazifumana kwigumbi lentlokoma apho ufikelwa kuphela njengemithombo ekhutshiweyo. Ukuphuka kufuna isenzo sokuzithandela:

  • Landela iingxelo ezivavanya indlela ojonga ngayo kodwa zisathembekile (umz., ukubhalisela ngokungaguqukiyo [[FLT: 0]] iAtlantiki, okanye ezilandela ngokuphandle IFULT])]
  • Sebenzisa abalungisi beendaba abanjenge [[FLT: 0] All Dideces, ebonisa imixholo yentloko ukusuka ekhohlo, embindini, nasekunene kwibali elinye. Oku kukuqeqesha ukubona ukuba isiganeko esinye sifakwa njani ngokwahlukileyo.
  • Susa imbali yakho yokukhangela kunye nee cookies ngamaxesha athile, okanye sebenzisa ukukhangela kwabucala ukuthelekisa iziphumo zakho zemithetho-manani nesileti esicocekileyo.
  • Cwangcisa bucala imizuzu eli-15 ngosuku ukufunda kwimvelaphi yerekhodi − njenge Associated Press, Reuters, okanye BBC. Izama ukuba nengxelo esekelwe kwizibakala. Le njongo ithetha ngentsingiselo yakho kwindaba eqinisekisiweyo.

Ukufundisa Abanye: Ukwakha Isithethe Sokucinga Okugxekayo

Eyona nto inamandla yokuzikhusela kwinkcazelo ephosakeleyo asiyonto ifunwa ngumntu ozimeleyo. Nantsi indlela onokunceda ngayo abo ungqonge nabo:

Qala Incoko, Hayi Imifanekiso Efihlakeleyo

Xa umntu ethetha ngenkcazelo ethandabuzekayo, musa ukuphendula ngo-"Ubuxoki." Oko kubangela ukhuseleko. Endaweni yoko, yithi: “Kulungile. Uyibonile phi le nto? Ndingathanda ukukhangela imvelaphi.” Yenza umkhwa wokufunda ngokutsala i-tab entsha kunye. Buza imibuzo efana no-"Ithini i Snopes?" okanye “Ngaba ibhalwe ngundaba endiwuthembayo?"

Fundisa Indlela Yokusebenzisa Imali Ekhaya

Hamba amalungu entsapho .Qhubeka abantwana nabantu abadala — ngokugqitha kumanyathelo amane: Sma, Reventigate, Fumana impesa ethembekileyo, Trace aqalayo. Sebenzisa umzekelo wokwenene ukusuka kundaba yosuku. Ziqhelise kunye de le ndlela ibe yezenzekelayo.

Ukuxhasa Ukufunda Namanani Ezikolo

Umxhasi wokudibanisa uphando lolwazi kwizifundo zesikolo. Uninzi lwezibonelelo zamahhala zikhona, kuquka i-Online Reasoning According cource esuka kwiStanford History Education Group, enika izifundo kunye neengcebiso zemfundo kwisikolo esiphakathi ukuya ekholejini. Ithala leencwadi likwanika iikhasethi zokukhangela iindaba zenkohliso kunye nokukhangela imbali.

Kulumkele Ukulungisa Ngokugqithisileyo

Okokugqibela, ukuthobeka kubalulekile. Akukho namnye kuthi ongenakuchanabeka. Abahlalutyi ababona baninzi abathi bangaze baqhathwe, kodwa abo babamba ngokukhawuleza bahambe ngendlela echanekileyo. Ukuba uqonda ukuba uthetha into ephosakeleyo, cela uxolo kwaye ulungisa. Oko, nakuba kunjalo, kwenza umntu athembeke aze amisele umzekelo onamandla.

Isiphelo

Uvavanyo lolwazi luqheliso, hayi isifundo sexesha elinye. Ukusingqongileyo kwamanani kutshintsha, kwaye iindlela ezintsha zokusebenzisa iprojekti zisoloko zibonakala. Ngokubeka isiseko somthombo ntlobo, usebenzisa ufundo lwemvelaphi, ukusebenzisa ukujonga inyani, nokuhlala usazi ngemiba yakho, kwaye uyakwazi ukukhokela ulwazi ngentembelo. Ukuba ngumzi wobumi kuxhomekeke kwisibopho esabelanayo kwinyaniso. Ngamaxesha onke xa unqumama phambi kokwabelana, ukuvula itab entsha, okanye ubuza umbuzo wothandabuza, uqinisa loo myalelo. Umzamo uncinci; umbalo uyakwazi ukutshintsha ulwazi, umgangatho wedemokhrasi onamandla.