Ukukuqonda Ukuba Ngummi Osemthethweni

Ingcamango yokuzimela ngokwasemthethweni ilawula phantse zonke iinkalo zobomi boluntu. Nokuba ngaba ufaka ibhola yokuvota, usukela isikhundla sonyulwa, okanye usebenzisa imigaqo ethile engokwasemthethweni iqinisekisa ukuba unokuba unokuba nenxaxheba okanye ufikelele ithuba. Ezi nkcukacha zikho ukukhusela ingqibelelo yeenkqubo zedemokhrasi, ziqinisekisa ukuba ulwabeko lukawonke-wonke wonke, kwaye zigcine ukholoselwano lukawonke-wonke kwimibutho. Kubemi, ukwazi ezi zimfuno azingombandela nje wendlela yokuzinzisa-----asenzi, ngumthwalo. Esi sikhokelo sinika ukujonga ngokubanzi kwimimiselo eqhelekileyo esemthethweni, indlela abahluka ngayo ngolawulo, namanyathelo onokuthi uwathathe ngayo ukuze uqinisekise ukuma kwakho.

Imithetho esemthethweni idla ngokufakwa kumgaqo-siseko, imimiselo, kunye nemimiselo yolawulo. Ingatshintsha ngokuhamba kwexesha ngenxa yokutshintshwa komthetho, izigqibo zenkundla, okanye ukutshintsha-tshintsha kwenkqubo kawonke-wonke. Ngenxa yoko, imfuneko esetyenziswa kwiminyaka emihlanu edluleyo isenokungabi luncedo, kwaye imigaqo emitsha isenokuba idityanisiwe. Ukuhlala ufundile kufuna uhlolo lwezikhundla ezisemthethweni zelixa elithile kunokuba sixhomekeke kuphela kwilizwi lomlomo okanye ulwazi oluphelelwe lixesha. Ngaphayantsi kohlolisiso lweendawo ezininzi eziqhelekileyo apho abemi bajongene neemvavanyo zokungabi namdla eUnited States, kunye nemigaqo emitsha esetyenziswa kumazwe amaninzi olawulo lwedemokhrasi.

Ukugqalwa njengomntu olungileyo

Ukuvota kusimbombo sedemokhrasi yabameli, kodwa asilolungelo elingenamiqathango. Ulawulo ngalunye lumisela iseti yeemfaneleko ekumele ukuba uvoti ngamnye anelise ngazo. Ngoxa iindidi zokuvota ezizizo, imilinganiselo emininzi yokuvota yahluka-hlukeneyo, ikwimigangatho emihlanu: ubudala, ubumi, indawo yokuhlala, ukubhalisa, nokungabi nazinto ezinokubenza bangakufanelekeli.

Iimfuno Zobudala

Kufutshane kuwo onke amaphondo nemimandla yase-U.S., iminyaka yokuvota esemthethweni ineminyaka elishumi elinesibhozo ubudala okanye phambi koSuku lokhetho. Le nkathi yomgangatho isekwa nguMgaqo-siseko wama-26 weSigqibo soMgaqo-siseko wase-U., othintelayo ukuba angalukhaphi uvotelo olusekelwe kwiminyaka elishumi elinesibhozo nangaphezulu. Amanye amazwe avumela 179guyamkha-waka ukuba avote kunyulo oluphambili ukuba azakujika ishumi elinesibhozo ngonyulo ngokubanziswa ngokubanzi. I-Parality kufuneka iqinisekise imithetho ekhethekileyo karhulumente wabo ngeyawodwa [ ibhodi yokhetho yonyulo okanye .U.Uctive Commentation [FU.U.Uption Comssion[FLD]

Ukuba ngummi Nokuzincama

Kuphela ngabemi base-U.S. abafanelekileyo ukuvota kunyulo. Amaphondo amaninzi afuna abavoti ukuba babe ngabahlali belo lizwe kunye nesithili apho befaka khona i-colot. Ukuzichaza okuqhelekileyo kuthetha ukuhlala kwilizwe benenjongo yokuhlala, kodwa ingcaciso echanileyo isenokuhluka. Umzekelo, abafundi basekholeji bangakhetha ukuvota kwidilesi yabo yesikolo okanye kwikhaya labo, ukuba nje bahlangabezana neemfuno zokuhlala kuloo ndawo. Abantu abangenamakhaya banokubhalisa ngokuvota ngokusebenzisa idilesi yekhusi okanye inkcazelo yendawo yokuhlala kwabo rhoqo. Ubungqina bobukhaya busoloko bubandakanya ilayisensi yomqhubi, isigunyaziso, isigunyaziso, okanye olunye uxwebhu olusemthethweni oluphethe igama nedilesi yevoti.

Ubhaliso lweVoter

Ukubhalisa ukuvota kuyimfuneko kwilizwe ngalinye ngaphandle koMntla Dakota. Imiqathango yobhaliso isuka kwiintsuku ezingama-30 phambi kokuba unyulo luye kubhaliso olusemthethweni lwemini enye kumazwe athile. Abami bangabhalisa kwi-intanethi, ngeposi, okanye ngomntu kumasebe amiselweyo. Amaphondo amaninzi afuna inani lokuchonga elibalulekileyo [, njengephepha-mvume lomqhubi okanye inani lokhuseleko loluntu. Umthetho we-National Voter Ecribration ka-1993 ufuna ukuba kunikwe amathuba okubhalisa kwii-ofisi zemoto nakumasebe oncedo lukawonke-wonke.

Ukungavisisani: Inkolelo Yezaphuli - mthetho Nokungakwazi Ukucinga

Inxalenye ebalulekileyo yomthetho wokuvota exhalabisayo ukuba ngubani okhutshiweyo. Amazwe amaninzi adibanisa abantu abasebenzisa isigwebo esitsha, nangona umlinganiselo wokohluka kakhulu. Amanye amazwe abuyisela amalungelo okuvota ngokuzenzekelayo xa kugqitywa ixesha lentolongo, ngoxa amanye efuna ukuxolelwa okusesikweni okanye ixesha lokulinda. Kuphela liqela lamazwe ahlulwa ngokupheleleyo. Abahlaziyi abaneengxelo zetyala elincinane kufuneka bajonge imigaqo yesizwe yokubuyisela, esoloko ifumaneka kwi- i-American Liberations Union (ACLU) okanye [FLT:] ungqubano lwezwe lwaseSizwe lwase-Gactractreans[5].[FLT]

Ngokuphathelele amandla engqondo, inkundla isenokugqiba ukuba umntu akakwazi ukuvota, kodwa oku kunqabile kwaye kufuneka kusekelwe kwisifungo esikhethekileyo. Iingcamango ezithe jikelele ngokugula ngengqondo azikuthinteli ukuvota. Nabani na ongakhange agwetywe ngokungqalileyo yinkundla ugcina ilungelo lokuvota.

I-Ofisi kaRhulumente

Ukubaleka kwiofisi kawonke-wonke kubandakanya ukuququzelela iintlanganiso ezingqongqo nemilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo kuneyokuvota. UmGaqo-siseko wase-U.U.S. umisela iimfuno ezicacileyo zee-ofisi zikarhulumente, ngeli xesha amazwe nemimandla zidibanisa imithetho yazo. Ezi mfuneko zikhusela ingqibelelo yenkqubo yokukhetha kwaye ziqinisekisa ukuba abatshateyo banonxulumano olunentsingiselo kwii-contituences zabo.

Iimfuno ze-ofisi yoManyano

.President: UmGaqo-siseko ufuna ukuba umongameli abe ngummi ozalwa ngemveli, ubuncinane abe neminyaka engama-35 ubudala, kwaye abe ngummi wase-United States kangangeminyaka eli-14. IsiHlanziso seSindululo sama-22 simisela umongameli kwiimfuno ezimbini ezinyuliweyo.

U.S. Caten: Ii-Arhente kufuneka zibe neminyaka engama-30 ubuncinane, ummi wase-U.S. ubuncinane iminyaka esithoba, kwaye ummi welizwe zimele ngexesha lonyulo.

U.S. Indlu yabameli: Abameli kufuneka babe neminyaka engama-25 ubuncinane, ummi wase-U.S. ubuncinane iminyaka esixhenxe, kunye nommi weli lizwe abameleyo.

Ezi zincinci zomgaqo-siseko azinakutshintshwa ngamazwana, nangona iimeko zisenokunyanzelisa iimfuno ezongezelelekileyo ezifana nokuhlala kwisithili sombutho. Amalungu kufuneka avumelane nemithetho yelifa lemali yephondo kunye neengxelo zokwamkelwa kwefayile ngeKhomishini yoPhuhliso (FLT: 0] yeFEDAL).

Iimfuno ze-ofisi yasekuhlaleni nezoMkhosi

Ukubekwa kwesikhundla selizwe kuchazwa ngumgaqo-siseko wesizwe kunye nemithetho. Iimfuno eziqhelekileyo ziquka iminyaka encinci (ngokufuthi 21 okanye 25), urhulumente uhlala kwixesha elikhethekileyo (umz., iminyaka ukuya kwemihlanu), kunye nobumi base-U.S. ii-ofisi zongingqi . "ezifana nomphathi-dolophu, ibhunga lesixeko, okanye ibhodi yesikolo" zinokuba nemiqobo efanayo. Ezinye iindawo zifuna ukuba abatshanqinisi babhaliswe kwisebe.

Amatyala amaninzi akwafuneka anikwe [ii-] sivumelo sokusebenza” imithetho, efuna amagosa ahleliyo arhoxe kwindawo yawo yangoku phambi kokuba afanelekele ukubhaptizelwa kwenye i-ofisi. Ngokungakumbi, abahlohli basoloko befuneka ukunikezela ngezicelo ezigunyazisayo kunye nenani elincinane lotyikityo olusemthethweni olusuka kubavoti ababhalisiweyo, kunye nentengo yefashoni enokuthi ihambe ukusuka kumawaka ambalwa eedola.

UHlahlo loMgaqo-nkqubo

Izigqibo zisenokungakufanelekeli ukubhaqwa ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi. Ukunyanzeliswa kwetyala kungathintela umntu ekubeni abe nesikhundla, mhlawumbi ngokusisigxina okanye ixesha elithile emva kokugqitywa kwesigwebo. Izingquzulwano zenza umdla `njengokuba nesivumelwano sikarhulumente esinengeniso--"isenokumenza angakufanelekeli ukubhaptizwa. Ezinye ii-ofisi zinobunyani obucacileyo, kwaye umntu oye wabandakanyeka kwimvukelo okanye ukuvukela i-United States anokuba angagwetyelwa phantsi koMbeko we-14. Amagqabaza kufuneka ahlole imithetho yemithetho yokuziphatha aze afune icebiso elisemthethweni ukuba anembali yolwaphulo-mthetho okanye ingxabano.

Iinkonzo zikarhulumente ezifikelelekayo

Iinkonzo zikarhulumente, ukusuka kwinkxaso-mali yezonyango ukuya kuncedo lokutya, zisoloko zifika ngemilinganiselo epheleleyo yokufumana ukutya. Le mithetho iqinisekisa ukuba ubuncwane obuthe kratya bujoliswe kwabo babufuna kakhulu, lo gama kwakhona bethintela ubuqhetseba nokusetyenziswa kakubi. Ukuqonda iimfuno ezifanelekileyo zeenkqubo eziphambili zikarhulumente kunceda abemi ukuba baqhube inkqubo yesicelo ngendlela elula.

I-Medicaid

I-Medicaid inikezela ngentlawulo yempilo kubantu abaphantsi kunye neentsapho, kuquka abantwana, amabhinqa akhulelweyo, abantu abadala, nabantu abaneziphene. Ukungalungisi kusekelwe kwi- ngokuyintloko kwingeniso ehlengahlengisiweyo (MAGI) kumazwe amaninzi, nangona amanye amaphondo ewandise uMdipozi ngaphantsi koMthetho wokunyamekela i-Affordid, akhulileyo, nakumgangatho wokufumana ingeniso ukuya ku-888% ye-TS. Ngaphezu koko, abafaki-zicelo kufuneka babe ngabemi okanye abangengo-66969zinze, kwaye bamele babe ngabahlali bemi. Uxwebhu lufuna ngokuqhelekileyo ukungqinelana kolwazi, ingeniso, kunye nobume bokufuduka. [FLD:]

Inkqubo yoncedo lokutya eyongezelelweyo (SNAP)

ISNAP, eyaziwa ngokuba zizitembu zokutya, inceda iintsapho ezifumana imali ephantsi zithenge ukutya. Ukunganyaniseki kuxhomekeke kubungakanani bendlu, ingeniso, nezinto ezisemgangathweni. Ingeniso eninzi kakhulu nyanga nganye kufuneka ibe phantsi okanye ngaphantsi kwe- 130% yomgca wobuhlwempu karhulumente, nangona amanye amazwe anemida ephezulu. Abantu abadala abaninzi abakwaziyo ukufumaneka ngaphandle koogxa babaxhomekeke kumalungu omsebenzi kufuneka basebenze okanye babe nenxaxheba kwinkqubo yomsebenzi wokufumana iingenelo lweenyanga ezintathu ngexesha leminyaka engamashumi amathathu.

Unqabiseko Neingenelo Zokungafezeki

Iinzuzo zokhuseleko loluntu zifuna ukuba umqeshwa afumane amatyala omsebenzi angama-40 ubuncinane (malunga neminyaka elishumi) kwaye abe neminyaka engama-62 ubudala ngaphambi kwexesha lokuthatha umhlala-phantsi, eneminyaka epheleleyo yokuhlala umhlala-phantsi esusela kuma-66 ukuya kuma-67 kuxhomekeke kunyaka wokuzalwa. Ukhuseleko loluntu oludaliweyo lufuna iimali ezaneleyo kunye nokungakwazi ukufikelela kwimali eninzi. Ukufumana ukhuseleko oluthe kratya okubangelwa kukufumana ingeniso. Ukufumana i-inshortyisi (SS) yinkqubo esekelwe kunyaka wokukhubazeka, iimfama, okanye abantu abadala abafumana imali elinganiselwe kakhulu kunye nobuncwane.

Uncedo lwezindlu

Izixhobo zokuqinisekisa (Indawo 8) nezindlu zikawonke-wonke zilawulwa ngamaqumrhu asekuhlaleni ezezindlu zikawonke-wonke (PH). Ukungabi naluvo lomthetho kusekelwe kwingeniso, kubukhulu bentsapho, kunye nemo yobumi. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ingeniso yendlu mayingagqithi kuma-50% engeniso ye-media yommandla, ubuncinane i-75% yabangenisi abaya kwiintsapho abanengeniso engaphantsi kwama-30% e-Arhente. Abacebisi bafumana ii-data ezingasemva, kwaye iinkolelo ezithile zolwaphulo-mthetho zingaphumela ekukhanyeni okanye ekuphelisweni koncedo. ISebe le-R.

Ezinye Imizekelo Eqhelekileyo Esemthethweni

Inkonzo kaJury

Abemi base-U.S. abaneminyaka eli-18 nangaphezulu abangabemi besithili sokugweba unyaka omnye basoloko bekufanelekele ukuncedisa kwinkundla yabachopheli-tyala. Ukungaqiniseki kubandakanya okungeyontla 76izenshishi, ukunyanzeliswa kwetyala (ngaphandle kokubuyiselwa kwamalungelo abantu), okanye imeko yengqondo okanye yomzimba eyenza ukuba kube nzima. Iinkundla ezininzi zivumela ukukhululwa komkhosi osebenzayo, amagosa kawonke-wonke-wonke, kunye nabantu abanobunzima obugqithisileyo. Abaqhubi bakhethwa ngokusesikweni kuludwe [ noluhlu lwelayiselo-mvume kunye nomqhubi we-moto.

Umnikazi wesixhobo somlilo

IsiHlanzekiso sesibini siqinisekisa ilungelo lokugcina nokuphatha iingalo, kodwa umthetho wasekuhlaleni umisela imiqathango esisiseko phantsi koMthetho wokuLawula iGun. Abantu abagwetyelweyo baquka abantu abavalelwe kwityala, abo baphantsi kogonyamelo lwasekhaya oluthintela ucwangco, abantu abacinezelwe njengengxaki yengqondo okanye ababotshelelwe kwisakhiwo sengqondo, ababaleki kwimithetho esesikweni, nabasebenzisi bezinto ezilawulwayo. Imithetho karhulumente idibanisa imiqathango ebhekele phambili, njengamaxesha okulinda, ivumela iimfuno, kunye nokuvalwa kwemiqathango yemipu ethile. [[FLT: 0]] IBhureau yotywala, icuba yotywala, iFirsovels (ATFF)[FF1]

Icala lenqanawa elidlulayo

Abemi base-U.S. bangafumana ipassport ukuba banikela ubungqina bobumi, ubukho, kunye nomfanekiso wakutshanje. Ukunganyaniseki kunokukhanyelwa okanye kurhoxiswe ngenxa yezizathu ezithile: ukuba umfaki-sicelo uyinjubaqa kwinkxaso yomntwana engaphezu kwee-R2,500, ukuba umyalelo wenkundla uthintela ukuhamba, okanye ukuba umntu ungowophula umthetho obhalisiweyo wesini esibhaliswe ngemvume ebalaseleyo. ISebe le-U.U.S. leM. [FLT: 0] [ii-Bhureau yeMiciso yeNkqumlo] [iFLT:1] ubamba iizicelo zepasisindwendwe ze-famastiki zemali [iFLT:1]

Indlela Yokuqinisekisa Ukuba Ukulungele Ukuzenzela Izinto

Ukuqinisekisa ukuba uyaliqonda ilungelo lakho loluntu okanye inzuzo karhulumente kufuna uphando olucoselelekileyo kunye nengqalelo kwinkcukacha. Qala ngokubuza umbutho worhulumente osemthethweni ojongene nodweliso lwenkqubo okanye inkqubo. Ukuvota, qhagamshelana norhulumente wakho okanye iofisi yonyulo yasekuhlaleni. Kwiinzuzo zorhulumente, sebenzisa ii-portals ezisemthethweni njenge Benefit.gov[ okanye i-webhsayithi ye-website enxulumene nayo. Imithetho emininzi inikela nge-intanethi izixhobo ezikuvumela ukuba ungene kwiimeko zakho uze ufumane uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo.

Ukuba unemeko entsonkothileyo ``njengengxelo yolwaphulo-mthetho, ubumi obubini, okanye intshukumo yakutshanje] ucinga ukuba uthetha nombutho woncedo olusemthethweni okanye igqwetha elinobuchule kummandla ofanelekileyo womthetho. Amaqela engeniso afana Legeral Services Corporation [ inikezela ngesisa okanye uncedo olusezantsi lwe-solitiki ukwenzela ukunyusela abantu abakhoyo. Ngaphezu koko, gcina onke amaxwebhu asemthethweni "isiqinisekiso se-"isiqinisekiso sokhuseleko, i-Social Social makhadi, i-cuty, ukubuya, ubungqina obungahlaliyo", organze nakunyuka. Apholileyo okanye aphelelweyo ngawona maxwebhu aqhelekileyo ngenxa yokulibazisela okanye ukukhanyela.

Iimpazamo Eziqhelekileyo Nendlela Yokuziphepha

Aphoswayo Amaqhosha

Iinkqubo ezininzi zobunjani zineefestile ezingqongqo. Ii-meta ezicwangcisa ixesha lokubhalisa, amaxesha okuqokelela, kunye neefestile zesicelo eziyingenelo zisoloko zingasetyenziswa. Phawula ikhalenda yakho kwaye ungenise izinto kusengaphambili. Sebenzisa iinkonzo zokukhangela kwi-intanethi ukuba zikhona.

Uxwebhu Olungaphelelanga okanye Olungachanekanga

Igama elinye elipelwe kakubi, utyikityo olulahlekileyo, okanye idilesi ephelelwe lixesha ingaphazamisa isicelo. Ukuphinda-phinda khangela lonke uhlobo. Ukuba kufuneka, bhala i khowudi okanye ngqina uqinisekise ukuba ungubani. Gcina imibhalo yayo yonke into oyifakayo.

Ukucinga Ngomthetho Akutshintshanga

Imithetho esemthethweni isoloko ihlaziywa. Umzekelo, uninzi lwamazwe lusandul' ukutshintsha iimfuno zovoti be-ID okanye imida yengeniso ekwandisiweyo yeMedicaid. Hlola umthombo osemthethweni sihlandlo ngasinye xa kufuneka uthathe inyathelo, nokuba ukhangele kunyaka ongaphambili.

Ukukhangela Umahluko Wasekuhlaleni

Oko kusebenza kwimeko enye kusenokungasebenzi kummelwane wayo. Kwanakumazwe, imithetho yesixeko okanye yengingqi ingahluka. Ngamaxesha onke funa ulwazi olucacileyo kunokuzishwankathela zesizwe.

Isiphelo

Ukuhlangabezana nemilinganiselo esemthethweni efunekayo ekusebenziseni amalungelo akho nasekufumaneni amathuba njengommi. Ngoxa imithetho isenokubonakala inzima, idla ngokuyilwa ukuba icace kwaye ikwazi ukusetyenziswa ngolwazi olulungileyo. Ngokuhlala unolwazi, ulungelelanisa uxwebhu lwakho, kunye nokusebenzisa ubuncwane obusemthethweni, ungaqinisekisa ngokuqiniseki ukuba uyamkeleka kwaye uthabathe inyathelo elilandelayo. "ukukhetha" okukukuvota, ukusebenzela, ukukhusela impilo, okanye ukufumana nje ipasiso. Khumbula ukuba ubuchule abungaguquguquki; bungatshintsha iimeko zakho zobomi kunye nokutshintsha komthetho. Uphinda-phinde uhlole uqinisekise ukuba uhlala ukulungele ukuba nenxaxheba ngokupheleleyo kubomi boluntu.