IBhunga leNtlanganiso laseUnited States limi njengenye yezona zinhlangano zowiso-mthetho ezinamandla ehlabathini, zisebenzisa impembelelo ephawulekayo kwimithetho, imigaqo, kunye nokhokelo olubumba ubomi baseMerika. Ngoxa abemi abaninzi beqonda ukuba iNdlu yeeNdlu yeeNtlanganiso ziyinxalenye yeBhunga, bambalwa abakuqonda ngokupheleleyo ukufikelela kowona mlinganiselo wamandla ayo omGaqo-siseko nendlela izigqibo zeNdlu yeeNtlanga ezichaphazela ngayo ngokuthe ngqo amavandla abo emihla ngemihla. Ukufikelela kwezempilo nemigaqo yerhafuthelo kwimi nezivumelwano zezizwe ngezizwe, umsebenzi weNtsimbi yeNtsimbi ichaphazela phantse ukuba yinxalenye nganye yebutho lamaMelika. Ukuqonda indlela esisi sisebenza ngayo esi siko nendlela esisi sisebenza ngayo kwaye kutheni nangoko kuyimfuneko kuwe ukuba ube nenxaxheba kwisabelo sobumimi.

Ukuqonda isiseko somGaqo-siseko weBhunga

INdlu yeNdlu yeeNtsimbi inamalungu alikhulu, ngalinye elimelwe ngamaqumrhu amabini asebenza kurhulumente onyaka wesithandathu ashukumayo, edala oko kubizwa ngokuba "yindlu engaze ife" kuba kuvela malunga nesinye sesithathu sezihlalo zeNdlu yeNdlu yecawa qho qho qho qho ukwenzela unyulo nyaka ngamnye. Esi sakhiwo sayilwa ngabo ngabo baquququ ngamagunya ukulungiselela uzinzo nokuqhubeka korhulumente ngelixa kuqinisekisa ukuba urhulumente ngamnye, kungakhathaliseki ukuba umlinganiselo okanye abemi, bamelelwa.

Isakhiwo seBhunga leNtsimbi sigxininisa ukucamngca, inkqubo yexesha elide, kunye noluvo olubanzi lwesizwe xa kuthelekiswa nendlu. Ngelixesha iNdlu yabameli isoloko ibonisa iimvakalelo zikawonke-wonke ezikhawulezileyo kunye nenkxalabo yasekuhlaleni, iBhunga lisebenza njengomlinganiselo othe ngqo olinganayo, ocetyelwe ukuthoba umthetho ongxamazayo nokuqinisekisa ukuba uqwalaselwa ngokucokisekileyo kwemigaqo-siseko.

Unyulo kwiNdlu yeeNtsimbi luqhutywa ngoLwesibini lokuqala emva koMvulo wokuqala ngoNovemba kwiminyaka enokubalwayo, kwaye abaququzeleli banyulwa ngurhulumente wabo uphela. Oku kuthetha ukuba ngokungafaniyo namalungu endlu amela izithili ezithile zengqungquthela, abaququzeleli kufuneka babhenele kwaye bamele izilangazelelo zabo bonke abemi belizwe labo, nto leyo esoloko ifuna ulwakhiwo-ngquzulwano olubanzi kwaye baqwalasele iimbono ezahlukahlukeneyo zengingqi.

Amandla agunyazisayo eNdlu yeeNtsimi

Ukumisela Igunya

IBhunga leNdlu yeeNdlu zabameli linesabelo kwiNdlu yabameli bembopheleleko yokuyila yonke imithetho eUnited States, nokuba isenzo soMbutho sisebenze, zombini ezi zindlu kufuneka zivumele uxwebhu olufanayo. Le nkqubo ye-bimeral iqinisekisa ukuba umthetho uphengululwa ngokweembono ezimbini ngaphambi kokuba ube ngumthetho.

Inkqubo yowiso-mthetho kwiNdlu yeQela yahluke kakhulu kwindlu. Abaququzeleli bachitha ixesha elincinci bevota kumgangatho weNdlu yeNtlanganiso kwaye bachitha ixesha elininzi bethethana phambi kokuba ityala liye kwivoti, ibonakalisa ukugxininisa kwegumbi ekucebiseni nasekuvuseni ulwakhiwo. Le ndlela ingakhokelela kumthetho owenziwe ngobunono, nangona isenokuyicotha inkqubo yemithetho eqwalaselweyo ngokuqwalaselweyo.

Umsebenzi omkhulu wekomiti wenziwe ziikomiti ezili-16 ezimileyo, nganye yazo inegunya kumasimi anjengezemali okanye ulwalamano lwamanye amazwe, kwaye ikomiti nganye emileyo ingaqwalasela, itshintshe, ize inike ingxelo yamatyala aphantsi kolawulo lwayo. Ezi komiti zisebenza njengamahashe eNdlu yeeNdlu yeeNtlanga, ziqhuba uhlolo olunenkcukacha lomthetho ocetyisiweyo, zigcina amatyala namangqina angoochwepheshe, kunye neendleko zobumba ngaphambi kokuba zifikelele kumgangatho opheleleyo weNtsimbi yeeNtsimbi.

IFilibuster Nesinyithi

Enye yezona mpawu zahlukileyo zeNdlu yeeNtsimbi yeQela yi-filbuster, isixhobo se-procedrest esivumela ingxoxo ende engomthetho. INdlu yeQela inembali ende yokusebenzisa i-filbuster(a) ekwigama elithi i-1850 eUnited States (ukulibazisa ingxoxo okanye umthetho wesithintelo. Eli cebo linika amandla abalulekileyo kwiqela elincinane nakumntu ngamnye onesingqino.

I-filbuster ivumela iqaqobana labaphathi-mikhosi ukuba landise ingxoxo kunye nokuvota okuthintelayo ematyala, kufuna ngokunempumelelo ukuphumelela ukuvota okuphezulu kwama-60 ukuze oyise, okungakhokelela kwi-grid lock kwiKhomishini. Ngelixesha abaxhasi bephikisa ngelithi i-monicbuster ikhusela amalungelo amancinane kwaye ikhuthaza intsebenziswano ye-bipartis, abagxeki baphikisa ngelithi inokuthi ingaphazamisa umthetho oyimfuneko kwaye ithintele inkoliso ekulawuleni ngokunempumelelo.

Amagunya eBhunga: Icebiso neMvumelo

Iqinisekisa izindululo zoMongameli

Ngapha koko, iNdlu yeNtlanganiso inegunya elikhethekileyo lomgaqo-siseko elahlulayo kwiNdlu yabameli. IBhunga linegunya elipheleleyo lokuqinisekisa ukubekwa kwemiqathango koomongameli kwizikhundla ezikwimigangatho ephezulu, njengezigwebi zeNkundla ePhakamileyo, iijaji zephondo, kunye namalungu ekhabhinethi. Le "icebo kunye nemvume" imela enye yeengxilongo ezibalulekileyo kwigunya legunya lempangelo elilawulayo.

UmGaqo-siseko unika umongameli "uya kutyunjwa, kwaye ngeSicebisi nangeSivumelo seNdlu yeeNtlanganiso, uza kumisela amaGaqo-mkhosi, abanye abaPhathiswa noorhulumente, aBagwebi beNkundla ePhakamileyo, nabo bonke abanye abaphathi beUnited States". Le nkqubo iqinisekisa ukuba umongameli akanakukwazi ukuzalisa iisikhundla zikarhulumente zokugxeka ngaphandle kokuvelela kwemithetho.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-amminee ingumbandela wokuqala wokuchotshelwa kwetyala phambi kwekomiti yeBhunga leNtlanga, yaye emva koko, ukutyunjwa kuqwalaselwa yiBhunga elipheleleyo. Ngexesha lokuchotshelwa kweekomiti, abaququzeleli-zimrhu bayathandabuza ngeemfaneleko zabo, intanda-bulumko, izikhundla zemigaqo, kunye neengxubano ezinokwenzeka zomdla. Ezi ngxoxo zingaba nengxabano, ingakumbi kwiNkundla ePhakamileyo yeNkundla okanye iipiki ze-compu.

Ukuba i-amnemy iqwalaselwa kumgangatho weBhunga, isiqinisekiso sayo sifuna kuphela ivoti elula, kodwa impikiswano iyaphikiswa. Oku kuthetha ukuba ngeli thuba kungama-51 kuphela amavoti afunekayo ukuze aqinisekiswe, abachasi bangazama ukuvelisa i-endumasi, nangona utshintsho lwakutshanje luye lwasikel ’ umda lo msebenzi kwinkoliso yabalawuli kunye namalungiselelo okugweba.

Ukwenziwa kweNgxelo yoMthendeleko

Elinye igunya leNtlanganiso ekhethekileyo libandakanya izivumelwano zezizwe ngezizwe. Izivumelwano ezixoxwe ngumongameli kufuneka zivunywe ngamavoti amabini anesithathu kwiNdlu yeeNtsimikazi ngaphambi kokuba abophelele ngokusemthethweni. Lo mqobo uphezulu uqinisekisa ukuba izibophelelo zezizwe ngezizwe zifumana inkxaso ebanzi kwaye aziyomveliso nje yemithetho ekhethelwe omnye wamazwe angaphandle.

Kwinkqubo yowiso-mthetho, izivumelwano ziphathwa njengeendleko: zibhekiswa kwiKomiti yeeNdlela zoNcedo zaMasipala, apho zinokuqwalaselwa zize zichazwe, kwaye iNdlu yeeNdlu yeeNtsimbi inokuqwalasela isivumelwano esisemazantsi phantsi kwemigaqo efanayo esetyenziswa njengomthetho, noko ke, umGaqo-siseko ufuna ukuba iikota ezimbini ezithathu zovota zivume ukuba isivumelwano sivunywe. Le mfuneko iphezulu yenza isivumelwano sidibanise esinye sezona zithintelo zinzima zemithetho kurhulumente waseMerika.

Ukuzama Ukuvavanywa

IBhunga likwanamandla okubanjwa ligosa eliphetheyo okanye eligwebayo eliphethe ityala elizii-3 ezimbini. Ngeli xesha iNdlu yabameli inamandla okungamele iwiswe (ngokusisiseko) amagosa akwityala, iBhunga linyanzelekile ukuba liqhube amatyala amagosa karhulumente, kuquka nomongameli, ngaloo ndlela lisenza indima ebalulekileyo ekulondolozeni ukuphendulana norhulumente.

ICandelo leNdlu yeeNdlu yeeNkcubeko elihlohlayo eliqaliswe kwiNdlu yabameli, isibini-sithathu soninzi esiyimfuneko ukuze siqinisekiswe. Esi sithintelo siphezulu sokunyanzeliswa sithetha ukuba ukususa umongameli okanye elinye igosa lengingqi lesebe lesebe eliseofisini kufuna inkxaso enkulu, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukungaququzeli kusebenza njengesicombululo sehambo evakalala kunokuba kube sisixhobo sezopolitiko ezimele i-Rhulube.

Indlela Izigqibo Zendlu Yezigwebo Ezichaphazela Ngayo Ubomi Bakho Bemihla Ngemihla

Umgaqo-nkqubo wonyango kunye nokufumaneka

Mhlawumbi akukho ndawo ibonisa impembelelo yeNdlu yeeNdlu yeeNdlu zeMadolophu eziqhelekileyo ngokucace ngakumbi kunenkqubo yonyango. Iivoti zeNdlu yeeNdlu zowiso-mthetho wezonyango zingagqiba enoba izigidi zabantu ziyakwazi ukufumana i-inshorensi engabizi mali, iinkonzo zezamayeza ezihlawulwayo, kunye nokuhlawula kweentsapho ukunyamekela.

Izenzo zeStelena zakutshanje zokubonelela ngenkxaso-mali yezonyango zibonisa ukuba oku kuchaphazela ngqo. IBhunga leNtlanganiso lase-United States lasilela ukudlulisa iziqwenga ezibini zomthetho wezonyango, lishiya ityala lerhafu elinokuhlawulwa kodwa liqinisekile ukuphelelwa ekupheleni konyaka, kwaye njengoko abenzi bezomthetho belungiselela umsantsa wonyaka ngaphandle kokubonwa, amashumi ezigidi zamaMelika athembele kwi-ACA ashiywa.

Iziphumo zeKhathene elingenaziphene zinkulu. Makhulu angama-24 ezigidi amaMelika azakubona indleko yokunyanzelwa kwempilo yawo ngomlinganiselo we-1414% xa i-ACA iphelelwa yimali ehlawulwayo. Malunga nezigidi ezibini abantu banokusuka nje balahle iinshorensi ngenxa yemali engahlawulekiyo.

Kumgangatho wesizwe, ezi zigqibo zeNdlu yeQembu zidala iziphumo zamaza. KwiRhode Island, isithintelo seRiphabliki semali sithetha ukuba urhulumente unokuthi alahlekelwe yi-Rhode Islands ezizigidi eziyi-R40,000 kwinkxaso karhulumente, ngelixesha i-Rhode iziqithi ezingaphezu kwama-40 000 zizakujamelana neendleko eziphezulu zempilo kwaye zide zibe li-13000 zingakwazi ukukhutshwa ngokupheleleyo. Iziphumo ezifanayo zenzeka kwilizwe ngalinye, zichaphazela iintsapho zokwenene ezimele zikhethe phakathi kokuhlawula i-inshorensi yempilo nezinye iindleko ezibalulekileyo.

Umgaqo-nkqubo Werhafu Nesixhaso Sakho

IBhunga leNtlanganiso linendima ebalulekileyo ekulolongeni inkqubo yerhafu, echaphazela ngokuthe ngqo imali oyigcinayo kwicheke yomvuzo wakho kunye nezincopho okanye iityala onokuzihlawula.

Amatyala erhafu eBhunga leNtlanganiso anokuba neziphumo ezintsonkothileyo kumaqela afumana ingeniso. Irhafu yeNdlu yeNtlanga inganyusa inkcitho yemali yemali ye-inshorensi yempilo nganye, kwaye iintsapho ezikwiklasi ephakathi zinokuthwala inkcitho yexabiso lentengo. Umthetho werhafu usoloko ubandakanya ukuthengwa phakathi kwezinto eziphambili zemithetho eyahlukeneyo, nokuqonda indlela abavoti bakho kwityala lerhafu abakunceda ngayo ukuba uhlole enoba bamela iingenelo zakho zezoqoqosho kusini na.

Unxulumano phakathi komgaqo-siseko werhafu nezinye iinkqubo lukwabalulekile. Ngenxa yokuba ukusikwa kwerhafu kwezityebi kwimali ecetyisiweyo kungahlawulwa ngokupheleleyo, ziyakwandisa intlawulo ngexabiso elingaphezulu kwe-$.4 ezigidi zezigidi ngeminyaka elishumi, kodwa iSindululo esincinci esingaziwayo sePaso-Njengoko-U-Go- ka-2010 sifuna ukuba nawuphi na umthetho wokwanda unqandwe ngokunqunyulwa kwezinye iinkqubo eziyimfuneko, kuquka neMedicare. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukusika irhafu kungakhokelela ngokungekho mthethweni kwiinkqubo oxhomekeke kuzo.

Amadinga eeJaji kunye nempembelelo yexesha elide

Xa iNdlu yeeNkundla iqinisekisa abagwebi bequmrhu, ngokukodwa abagwebi beNkundla Ephakamileyo, ibumba umthetho waseMerika kangangezizukulwana.

Oku kumiselwa kwekomiti kuchaphazela imibandela esukela kumalungelo okuzala nokuvota kwimimiselo yokusingqongileyo kunye nokukhuselwa kwabathengi. IKomiti yoLawulo iqwalasela ii-arhente zolawulo lweenqanawa, kwaye iKomiti yeeNdlela zoMasipala iqwalasela ii-arhente zezikhundla kwiSebe leSebe loRhulumente. Amaqumrhu anezikhundla ezikula makomiti, yaye ekugqibeleni iBhunga elipheleleyo, ligqiba ukuba ngubani oya kutolika umGaqo-siseko kunye nemithetho yesizwe elawula amalungelo neembopheleleko zakho.

Ukhuseleko lwesizwe nomgaqo-nkqubo wangaphandle

Isivumelwano seNdlu yeNdlu yeeNtsimbi sivakalisa imfazwe ngezihlandlo ezili-11, kuquka isindululo sayo sokuqala neBhunga elivumela ukumiswa kwemfazwe ngexesha leMfazwe Yehlabathi II, kwaye ukususela ngelo xesha ivume ukugunyazisa ukusetyenziswa komkhosi wemfazwe kwaye iyaqhubeka imigaqo yomkhosi ngezakhono zeU.S.

Ukungamela kweNdlu yeeNtloko ekusetyenzisweni kwemali yezomkhosi nezoncedo lwangaphandle kuchaphazela indlela ehlawulwa ngayo irhafu phakathi kokukhusela nokubeka indawo yokuqala ekhaya. Iingxelo zeNdlu yeeNdlu yeeNtsebenziswano ezikwizivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe zingagqiba enoba iUnited States ingena kwizivumelwano zemozulu, izivumelwano zorhwebo, okanye kwizivumelwano zokhuseleko ezichaphazela imisebenzi yaseMerika, imilinganiselo yemekobume neyozinziwa ehlabathini lonke.

Uhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali noluPhicotho

Isebe lowiso-mthetho lidlulisa kunye nabalawuli bemithetho, bayakwazi ukuvakalisa imfazwe, balawule iintlawulo phakathi kwelizwe namazwe angaphandle, balawule nerhafu kunye nokusebenzisa imali ngoqingqo-mali nangemiqathango. Indima yeNdlu yeNdlu yeeNtsebenziswano kwinkqubo yoqingqo-mali imisela imigangatho yemali yento yonke ukususela kwimfundo nakwezentlalo, ukuya kuphando lwenzululwazi neenkonzo zentlalo.

Uninzi lunika iBhunga leeNtlanganiso amandla okubumba izabelo zekomiti kunye nolawulo kwiinkqubo zeBhunga, kuquka ingxubusho yoqingqo-mali kunye neengxoxo zenkqubo ezinokuba nempembelelo ebanzi kwimizi-mveliso ukusuka kwinkathalo yempilo ukuya kumandla. Liliphi iqela elilawula impembelelo ephawulekayo yokusebenzisa izinto eziphambili ngoko kwaye ziziphi iinkqubo ezifumana inkxaso emandla ngokuchasene noko kusikelwa kobuso.

Indima yeBhunga ekujongweni nasekulungelelaniseni

Amandla eBharthene adlala indima ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokuhlola kunye nokulungelelana okulungiselelwe ukumisela igunya elilawulayo nokuqinisekisa ukuba izigqibo ezibalulekileyo ziyahlolwa kwaye zivunywe kwiqumrhu lowiso-mthetho elahlukileyo. Le nkqubo yemithetho ithintela naliphi na isebe likarhulumente ekuqokeleleni amandla agqithisileyo.

Iingqiniwa kunye nolungelelwano zithintela naliphi na isebe ekuqokeleleni igunya eligqithisileyo lezobupolitika, kwaye ngokuvumela isebe ngalinye ukuba lijonge kwaye lisikelele izenzo zabanye, isakhiwo esiqinileyo sivela, esinenjongo yokuxhathisa ubundlobongela nokukhusela imigaqo yedemokhrasi. Amagunya akhethekileyo eBhunga-manyeneyo. Ngokukodwa indima yalo ekuqinisekiseni ukumiswa nokukhuselwa kwezivumelwano ze-ravestiation .

Iikomiti ezikhoyo zikwajonge amasebe namasebe aphetheyo, kwaye xa zisenza imisebenzi yazo, iikomiti ezimileyo zinamandla okubamba amatyala namangqina angaphantsi kwamasebe kunye nobungqina. Lo msebenzi wobuveleli uvumela iBhunga ukuba liphande izenzo eziphezulu zamasebe, ligcine amagosa etyala, liqinisekise ukuba amaqumrhu alawula imithetho njengenjongo yeBhunga.

Indlela Yokusebenzisana Ngokuphumelelayo Nababenzi Bakho

Ukuqonda Umelo Onalo

Ngenxa yokuba imo yephondo ngalinye likhetha ii-seneta ezimbini, unabantu ababini abamela izilangazelelo zakho kwiBhunga leNtlangatho kungakhathaliseki ukuba liliphi iqela olixhasayo. Aba baququzeleli basenokuba ngamalungu amaqela ahlukeneyo ezobupolitika, bakunike amathuba amaninzi okumela. Ukuqonda izabelo zabo zekomiti, ezona zinto ziphambili kwimigaqo, kunye neengxelo zokuvota kukunceda ukuba ubandakanyeke ngokunempumelelo ngakumbi.

I-senetor iphatha amandla angaphezulu kunamalungu aqhelekileyo endlu kuba amela lonke iphondo elikwindawo enye, kwaye kwiimeko ezininzi, i-seneti inetyala lokusebenzisa izakhiwo ezininzi kunelungu lendlu. Oku kuthetha ukuba nangona abaququzeleli bendlu benokuba nzima ukufikelela kunamalungu endlu, amavoti abo athwala ubunzima obubalulekileyo kwinkqubo yesizwe.

Ukunxibelelana Nezandisi

Unxibelelwano olungqalileyo namaqumrhu akho lungaphembelela iindawo zawo kumthetho nakwimiba yezomthetho. Abaphathi bagcina iiofisi eWashington, D.C., nakwiindawo ezininzi kuwo onke amazwe asekhaya, benika iindawo ezahlukeneyo zokunxibelelana kubaququzeleli.

Xa uqhagamshelana namaqabane akho, cinga ngezi ndlela ziphumelelayo:

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Ukuba Nenxaxheba KwiiHolo Zedolophana NakwiiNkundla Zoluntu

Abaququzeleli abaninzi baba neentlanganiso zeholo yedolophu okanye iinkundla zikawonke-wonke xa bebuyela kumaphondo abo ngexesha lekhefu lentlanganiso. Ezi ziganeko zinika amathuba okubuza imibuzo ngqo, ukuva ukuma kwelungu lengingqi yakho kwimicimbi yangoku, kwaye zibonakalisa inkxaso kawonke-wonke okanye ukuchasa imigaqo ethile.

Iiholo zedolophana zikuvumela ukuba unxulumane nabanye abanxulumene nawe, abanokudibanisa imibutho enokuba nempembelelo engakumbi kwizikhundla zelungu lengingqi lakho. Amaqela aququzelelayo asoloko enempembelelo enkulu kunamazwi omntu ngamnye, ingakumbi kwimibandela entsonkothileyo yemithetho.

Ukuhlola Umsebenzi Wendlu Yezigwebo

Ukuhlala wazi ngemisebenzi yeNdlu yeeNtlanganiso kukunceda ukuba uthabathe inxaxheba ngexesha elifanelekileyo xa ilizwi lakho linokwenza umahluko omkhulu.

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  • Imibutho yezempangelo: Amaqela ajoliswe kwimibandela ethile asoloko enika izilumkiso xa kuqwalaselwa umthetho ofanelekileyo, ukwenza kube lula ukuqhagamshelana nabaququzeleli bakho ngexesha elinzima.

Amandla Okudlulisela Izandla

Ekugqibeleni, esona sixhobo sakho sinamandla sokuphembelela ukwenziwa kwendlu yecawa kunye nezinto eziphambili yivoti yakho. Unyulo kwiNdlu yeeNtsimbi lubanjwe ngoLwesibini lokuqala emva koMvulo wokuqala ngoNovemba kwiminyaka enokubalwayo, uSuku loNnyulo, kwaye lusenzeka ngexesha elinye nonyulo lwendlu yabameli.

Kuba abaququzeleli basebenzisa amabinzana eminyaka emithandathu, unethuba lokuvota umvoteli weBhunga rhoqo emva kweminyaka emibini, njengoko amagama ahlukeneyo ee-inteneri ephelelwa ngesizinzi esijikelezayo. Iindawo zophando kwimibandela engombandela, ukuthatha amatshati, kwaye ukwenza ukhetho olunolwazi kwibhokisi yebhola enobume obumele wena kwiBhunga.

Unyulo lokuqala lubalulekile. Kumazwe angama-45, unyulo oluphambili lubanjelwa kuqala amaqela eRiphabliki neDemocratic, kunye namaqela ambalwa akhethiweyo esithathu, kuxhomekeke kwiphondo, nonyulo oluqhelekileyo olulandela iinyanga ezimbalwa kamva. Ukuba nenxaxheba kwizakhiwo eziphezulu kukuvumela ukuba uphembelele abathathi-nxaxheba ekunyulweni kwelo nyulo jikelele, abanokuxhasa abo iindawo zabo zisondele ngakumbi kumaxabiso akho.

Ukuqonda Indlu Yezigwebo Neqela

Ukubaluleka Kokulawula Ubuninzi

Liliphi iqela elilawula iNdlu yeeNtlanganiso elawula uninzi lwabachaphazelekayo luchaphazela ngokuphawulekayo ucwangciso lwemithetho, ukhokelo lweekomiti, naziphi iindleko eziqwalaselwayo.

Uninzi lunika iCandelo leeBritane amandla okubumba izabelo zekomiti kunye nolawulo kucwangciso lweBhunga, kuquka ingxubusho yoqingqo-mali kunye neenkqubo ezinokuba nempembelelo ebanzi kushishino ukusuka kwimpilo ukuya kumandla, kwaye ukuhlala wazi ukuba ngubani okhokela iikomiti ezingundoqo zeBhunga leNtlanganiso kubalulekile ukuyiqonda nokuyiphembelela inkqubo.

Izihlalo zekomiti zinamandla amakhulu emithetho ephantsi kolawulo lwazo. Zigqiba ukuba ngawaphi amatyala afumana iimvo, xa kuvota, nokuba umthetho uhambela phambili kwiNdlu yeQela epheleleyo kusini na. Ukuqonda ukuba liliphi iqela elilawula iNdlu yeeNtlanganiso kunye nabahlalo abahlali abakunceda ukuba ujolise kwimigudu yakho yokulawula imicimbi yezakhono ngokunempumelelo.

Ibhartishani kunye nokwakha intsalela

Ngaphandle kocalucalulo olusuka kumacandelo, imithetho yendlu yendlu yezindlu idla ngokufuna intsebenziswano ye-bipartisan ukuqhubekisa umthetho. Umnyango wama-60-okanye wokuphelisa i-nfillbuster uthetha ukuba ngaphandle kokuba elinye iqela libambe i-majori (enqabileyo), ukudlulisa umthetho odibeneyo kufuna inkxaso ye-bipartisan.

Le misebenzi ivelisa amathuba afanelekileyo abaququzeleli abasuka kumacala omabini ukukhupha impembelelo ephakamile kumthetho. Ukuqonda ukuba ngawaphi amagosa akulungeleyo ukusebenza ngapha kwemigca yeqela kungakunceda ukuba ufumane amavoti ajijekayo kwimibandela oyikhathaleleyo.

Impembelelo yeNdlu yeeNtlanganiso kuRhulumente nakwiiNkxaso zasekuhlaleni

Ngoxa iNdlu yeeNtsimbi isebenza kumgangatho wesizwe, izigqibo zayo zichaphazela kakhulu urhulumente kunye nabantu basekuhlaleni. Imali ebonelelwa ngeeprojekthi ezizibonelelo, iinkqubo zemfundo, iziko lonyango, kunye nokukhuselwa kwemekobume ikhutshwa ngezigqibo zeNdlu yeeNtloko.

Isakhiwo seNdlu yeeNtsimbi siqinisekisa ukuba umelo olulinganayo lwephondo ngalinye, ulungelelaniso lomelo olusekelwe kubemi kwiNdlu, kunye nesi sakhiwo sikhusela izilangazelelo zikarhulumente kwimigaqo-nkqubo karhulumente, kuquka uqoqosho, ukhuseleko, kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yentlalo. Abaququzeleli bakho basebenza njengabameli bezilangazelelo zikarhulumente kwingxoxo yemithetho-siseko yorhulumente, besebenzela ukukhusela inkxaso-mali nemigaqo-siseko esilungileyo sommandla wakho.

Abaququzeleli basoloko bejolise ingqalelo kwimiba enxulumene ngokukhethekileyo namazwe abo. Umzekelo, abaququzeleli abavela kumaphondo ezolimo bangabeka inkqubo yefama kunye nenkqubela-phambili yasemaphandleni, ngelixesha ezo zisuka kumazwe aselwandle zinokugxininisa kwimiba yaselwandle kunye notshintsho lwemozulu. Ukuqonda abaququzeleli bakho izinto eziphambili nendlela abahamba ngayo neemfuno zikarhulumente wakho kukunceda uvavanye ukuba uphumelele njengabameli.

Imbono Eqhelekileyo Ephosakeleyo NgeBhunga Leentloko - mbuso

Intsomi: Ibemi Abakwazi Ukuphembelela Izigqibo Zendlu Yolawulo

Abantu abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba abaququzeleli baphulaphula kuphela abantu abazizityebi okanye amaqela anamandla anomdla, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ukunxibelelana kwabantu ngabanye kungabi nantsingiselo.

Abaququzeleli bafuna ukuphinda bakhethwe, okuthetha ukuba kufuneka balondoloze inkxaso kubavoti kumaphondo abo. Amaphulo aququzelelweyo, ingakumbi lawo abonisa inkxaso kawonke-wonke okanye inkcaso kumthetho, anokuphembelela kwaye enze iivoti zendlu yecawa. Ilizwi lakho lineenjongo ezininzi xa lidityaniswe nabanye abanoxanduva nawe.

Intsomi: IBhunga Leengqungquthela Nendlu Ziyatshintsha

Ngeli xesha omabini amagumbi eBhunga ebeka umthetho, anendima, amandla, nezithethe ezahlukeneyo. Umlinganiselo omncinci, amagama amade, kunye namandla akhethekileyo omGaqo-siseko awenza ahluke ngokusisiseko kwiNdlu yabameli.

Ukuqonda le ngxaki kukunceda ubandakanyeke ngokunempumelelo. Ngokomzekelo, ngenxa yokuba iNdlu yeeNtlanganiso iqinisekisa ukuba kukho izivumelwano eziqulunqa ityala ize ihlawulise izivumelwano, iqhagamshelana namaqumrhu akho ngeNkundla Ephakamileyo okanye izivumelwano zezizwe ngezizwe zivakala kakuhle, ngoxa amalungu eNkundla engenandima kwezi nkqubo.

Intsomi: IiNdlela zokulawula Iindlu Zinzima Kakhulu Ukuba Ungayiqonda

Iinkqubo zeNdlu yeNdlela ingabonakala zifana ne-arcane, "umqukumbelo," "imvume epheleleyo" edala imiqobo ekuqondeni. Noko ke, qonda iingcamango ezimbalwa ezisisiseko .ezinje ngendlela izijungqe eziba yiyo imithetho, oko kwenziwa ngumntwana, nendlela iikomiti ezisebenza ngayo, zinika ulwazi olwaneleyo lokudibana kwequmrhu.

Akuyomfuneko ukuba ube yingcaphephe yepalamente ukuqhagamshelana namaqumrhu akho ngemibandela ozikhathaleleyo okanye ukuvota abo bakwindawo evumelana namaxabiso akho. Jolisa ingqalelo ekuqondeni intsingiselo yeengxoxo zemithetho kunokuba ulahleke kwimincinano yemithetho.

Ukukhangela Phambili: Indima Elawulayo yeNdlu yeeNtsimbi

IBhunga liyaqhubeka libhenela ekuphenduleni ukutshintsha kwempembelelo yezobupolitika, inkqubela yezobugcisa, kunye notshintsho lolindelo lukawonke-wonke. Iingxoxo zakutshanje malunga notshintsho lwemveli, inkqubo yokuqinisekisa ii-comminees, kunye nendima yeNdlu yeeNdlu yeeNtsimbi ekucombululeni iingxaki ezingxamisekileyo zesizwe zibonisa uxinezeleko oluqhubekayo malunga nendlela esi siko esimele sisebenze ngayo kwinkulungwane yama-21.

Ukuqonda ezi mpikiswano nokuthatha inxaxheba kwiingxoxo ezimalunga notshintsho lwendlu yendlu yemikhosi kunceda ekulungiseni ikamva lesi siko. Ukuba ukholelwa ukuba iBhunga limele lenze kube lula ukumisa umthetho ngokunciphisa umqobo we-nfibbuster okanye ukugcina imithetho ekhoyo ukukhusela amalungelo amancinane, ilizwi lakho kule mibandela.

Indima yeBhunga lokusingatha iingxaki zale mihla `ukutshintsha kwemozulu nokufumana unyango lokungalingani kwezoqoqosho nomthetho wezobugcisa) iza kuchaphazela ngokuphawulekayo ubomi bakho nobomi bezizukulwana zexesha elizayo. Ukuhlala ubandakanyekile kwimisebenzi yeBhunga, ukugcina abaququzeleli bakho benoxanduva, nokuba nenxaxheba kunyulo kuqinisekisa ukuba eli lungiselelo linamandla lihlala lisabela kubantu elibakhonzayo.

Ukuthabatha Inyathelo: Amanyathelo Alandelayo

Ukuqonda isizathu sokuba iNdlu yeeNtlanganiso yeyokuqala. Ukudlulisela olo lwazi kwisenzo kuqinisa ilizwi lakho kwinkqubo yedemokhrasi. Nawa amanyathelo aqinileyo onokuwathatha namhlanje:

  • [[UMTL: 0] Ukulinganisa ii-setacator zakho: Ukuba awusele usazi ukuba ngubani okumelayo kwiBhunga leNtlanganiso, tyelela .gov ukufumana amagama abo kunye nolwazi loqhagamshelwano.
  • [[FLT: 0] phengulula iindawo zabo: Hlola iirekhodi zakho zokuvota kwimibandela ozikhathaleleyo ngokusebenzisa oovimba njenge .Goverv okanye awekho amacandelo okuvota.
  • Uphawu olucwangcisiweyo lohlaziyo: Zibophelele kumaphetshana e e-imeyili akho kwaye uwalandele kwi media yezentlalo- media ukuze ahlale esaziswe ngemisebenzi nangakwindawo ahlala kuyo.
  • [[UMTL: 0] Yenza uqhakamshelwano lwakho lokuqala: Khetha umba omnye obalulekileyo kuwe kwaye qhagamshelana nabaququzeleli bakho bobabini ukuchaza iimbono zakho. Yibanolwazi ngesenzo ofuna basenze.
  • Ukufikelela okanye ukuxhasa amaqela akhuphiswano: Ukudibanisa nemibutho esebenza kwimibandela oyifunayo. La maqela asoloko eququzelela amaphulo okusebenzisa i avocation kunye nokunika ulwazi malunga nokuba kuninina abaququzeleli beziphumo eziphezulu.
  • Ithengisele isiganeko sasekuhlaleni: Jonga isaziso malunga neeholo zedolophu, ii-fourgors, okanye ezinye iziganeko apho ungadibana ngqo nabaququzeleli bakho okanye abasebenzi babo.
  • Ubhaliso lokuvota: Ukuba awukabhaliswa, tyelela .Bogov ukubhalisa kwaye uqinisekise ukuba ungathabatha inxaxheba kunyulo lweNtlanganiso oluzayo.
  • [ Ifundisa abanye: Yabelana ngoko ukufundileyo ngendima yeBhunga kunye nabahlobo, intsapho, kunye namalungu oluntu. Ukuchola okunolwazi kubalulekile ekuphenduleni idemokhrasi.

Isiphelo: Zithabathe Izigqibo ZeBhunga

IBhunga leNdlu yeeNkcubeko laseUnited States linamandla amakhulu kwiinkqubo ezichaphazela ukunyamekela impilo yakho, iirhafu, amalungelo akho asemthethweni, ukhuseleko lwesizwe namathuba ezoqoqosho. Ukusuka ekuqinisekiseni izigwebi zeNkundla Ephakamileyo eziza kuchaza umGaqo-siseko kangangamashumi eminyaka ukuya kuwisa umthetho ogqiba enoba izigidi zamaMerika zinokukwazi kusini na ukuthenga i-inshorensi yempilo, izigqibo zeNdlu zinempembelelo yokwenene, ecacileyo kubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla.

Abameli bakho bakusebenzela. Bamela izilangazelelo zakho kwenye yeequmrhu ezinamandla zowiso-mthetho ehlabathini, kwaye baphendula kuwe kwibhokisi yelothi. Ngokuhlala benolwazi ngemisebenzi yeCala, ngokunxibelelana neembono zakho nabaququzeleli bakho, ukuba nenxaxheba kwiiholo zedolophu nakwizikhundla zikawonke-wonke, nokuvota kunyulo ngalunye, uqhelisela ilungelo lakho elisisiseko ukubumba urhulumente okusebenzelayo.

IBhunga leNtlanganiso lithetha ngemicimbi yedemokhrasi ngenxa yemicimbi. Ukugana kwakho nesi siko (ngomnxeba kwiofisi ye-ofisi ye-sentator yakho, kwivoti kunyulo olulandelayo, okanye incoko nommelwane wakho malunga nembambano ebalulekileyo() yokulawula kwedemokhrasi kwaye iqinisekisa ukuba iBhunga lihlala linetyala kubantu baseMelika. Umbuzo asikokuba iBhunga liyabuchaphazela ubomi bakho; kutheni na ukuba uza kuthabatha inyathelo lokuphembelela indlela elisebenza ngayo.