Ukuqala: Isizathu Sokuba Ukukhuseleka Kogcino - lwazi Oluyingqesho Nento Ebalulekileyo Ngasese

Imibutho exhasa ukuthembeka isebenza kwisiseko sokuthemba. Abaxhasi abaniki mali yabo kuphela kodwa kwanolwazi lwabo lobuqu(amagama, iidilesi, iidilesi, iinombolo zomnxeba, kunye neenkcukacha zemali ezifana namanani ekhadi lokuthenga ngetyala okanye i-akhawunti yebhanki. Ukhlulo olunye lwedata okanye inyathelo eliphosakeleyo lokufihla ityala lomntu lungaqhekeza oko kuthemba ngemizuzwana, nto leyo ekhokelela ekunikezeleni, ekunikeni intelekelelo ye-media ye-media engalunganga, kwanente esongela ukuzinza kwemali yentlangano.

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, imeko-bume elawulayo ejikeleze ukhuseleko logcino-lwazi iye yakhula ngokungqongqo. Imithetho efana ne-European Union General Data Protection Regation (GDPR), iCalifornia Consumer Answers Act (CCPA), kunye neminye imithetho efanayo ibeka iimfuno ezicacileyo kwindlela engaqokeleli ngayo ingeniso, igcine, inkqubo, kunye nokwabelana ngolwazi lobuqu. Ukungakhuthuthiswa kwemiqathango kungaphumela ekufikeleleni kwizigidi zezigidi zeerandidi. Ngaphakampakathi ezisemthethweni, abanikezeli bayayiqaphela imicimbi yobuqu; 2023 yophando oluthiweyo lweZiko lophando lwafumanisa ukuba ama-7% amacandelo abantu abadala axhalana ngokusetyenziswa kweenkampani neentlangano zawo zobuqu.

Eli nqaku linikela ukhokelo olucacileyo kuqheliselo olulungileyo lokhuseleko logcino-lwazi olubonelelo kunye nokhuseleko lwezobuqu kwimibutho enceda abasweleyo. Ligubungela ukubaluleka kokulondoloza ulwazi oluchuliweyo, amanyathelo achazayo okhuseleko nolawulo lwemfihlo, ulawulo olusemthethweni nolungokokuziphatha, kunye necebiso elingakhuthaziyo lokuba nayiphi na ingeniso engakhutshwanga ```ingeniso engatshintshiyo' okanye amaziko oqingqo-mali-mali.

Ukuqonda Ukubaluleka Kokhuseleko Logcino - lwazi Ngenxa Yokungafumani Mvuzo

Ugcino-lwazi lwemali ehlawulwayo olusemngciphekweni

I-data yokunikela idlulela ngaphaya kwegama elilula nedilesi ye-imeyile. Iintlangano ezinika uncedo ziqulathe iindidi ezininzi zenkcazelo ekwaziwa ngokobuqu (PII):

  • [[UMTL: 0] Ulwazi loqhagamshelwano: Igama elipheleleyo, idilesi yasekhaya, inombolo yefowuni, idilesi ye email.
  • [[UMTHETHO: 0] Ugcino-lwazi lwezezimali: Amanani ekhadi lokutyala, ulwazi lwe-akhawunti yebhanki, iimbali zentengiselwano, iinkcukacha zezipho eziphindaphindwayo.
  • Ukulingana nogcino-lwazi lwezobuzwe kunye nohlobo lweNtobelo: ubude bemali, imbali yengeniso, ukunikela ngembali, ukuya kwiziganeko, izicwangciso zonxibelelwano, iipatroli, kwanamalungu ezobupolitika okanye onqulo asenokususwa kwimilinganiso yokupha.
  • [[UMTL: 0] Ulwazi oluphilileyo okanye olunoluvo: kwiimeko zokubonelela ngemali yezamayeza okanye uncedo lwentlekele, imibutho ingagcina ugcino-lwazi lwempilo okanye ezinye iindidi zogcino-lwazi olukhethekileyo olufuna ukhuseleko oluphezulu.

Le ngqokelela yogcino-lwazi isetyenziswa njengesixhobo sokhuseleko kwikhompyutha. Iingxelo ezibiweyo zingasetyenziselwa ukuba ulwazi, ukuqhatha ngamakhadi okuthenga ngetyala, ukuhlasela nge-acer, okanye ukuthengiswa kweemarike ezimnyama. Ngokutsho kweVenizion Data Breach Investigations Report (DBHIR), icandelo elingangeni ngeniso azinamyongelo; nangona lingasoloko lijoliswe kwimali okanye kwinkcitho yezempilo, impembelelo yokwaphulwa koncedo oluncinane ukuya kumbindi we-injini.

Imiphumo Yokungena kogcino-lwazi kunye nokungavisisani nemicimbi yangasese

Ukuwa ekukhuseleni ugcino-lwazi olungenayo kungathatha iindlela ezininzi:

  • Umonakalo ocacileyo: Iindaba zokwaphuka kogcino-lwazi ziphelisa ngoko nangoko ukuthembana komnikeli. Uhlolisiso lwama-2022 oluye lwenziwa yi-Dood Business Wise Giving Bureau Imphaning Unempumelelo lufumanise ukuba ama-60% abanikeli bathi baza kuyeka ukunikezela kumbutho oye wafumana ulwaphulo logcino-lwazi olubandakanya ulwazi lwabo lobuqu.
  • Ityala lomthetho nelokwaphula umthetho: Phantsi kwe-GDPR, iimali zingafikelela ku-4% ye-isenti yojiko lomhlaba okanye i-CCPA (okokuba inkulu). I-CPA ithwala izigwebo eziya kutsho ku-$7,500 ngempazamo. Nokuba iimali azifakwanga, ixabiso lokuphanda, ukwazisa, kunye nokurhoxiswa kwemali zingaba nexabiso elikhulu.
  • Ukungagqibeki okuzenzekelayo: ukuhlasela kwentlawulelo okanye inkqubo yokuyekelela ingatshixa imibutho ngaphandle kwesiseko sayo sogcino-lwazi, inqande amaphulo okubonelela, kwaye ithatha iiveki zexesha lokubuyisela iinkqubo.
  • [[UMTL: 0] Umnikazi weChurn kunye nokuncitshiswa kokupha: Uqhawulo lusoloko lukhokelela ekurhoxisweni kweminikelo ephindaphindwayo, ukulahlekelwa zizipho ezinkulu, kwaye kunzima ukufumana abaxhasi abatsha.

Xa kunikwa ezi zitena, ugcino-lwazi olunenkxaso kukhuseleko lomntu olunikelayo asiyonto iphambili qha qha, kodwa yeyona nto ibalulekileyo efunekayo ukuze nayiphi na intlangano yoncedo enethemba lokugcina ulwalamano olude noluntu lwayo.

Izenzo ezingcono zokhuseleko logcino-lwazi logcino-lwazi

Ukhuseleko lugxininisa ekukhuseleni ugcino-lwazi ekufikeleleni okungekho mthethweni, ekuguquleni, ekutshabalaleni, okanye ekutyhileni. Ezi nkqubo zilandelayo zimisela isiseko somgca wokuba bonke abasebenzi boncedo bafanele bamkele, kungakhathaliseki ukuba buphi na ubuchule bobugcisa.

1. Uzalisekiso olunamandla lwegama lokugqitha kunye nobungqina bomdlali-omninzi

Amagama-gama ayimfihlo abuthathaka ahlala engomnye wezona ziqhelekileyo ezibangela uhlaselo. Kufuneka abasebenzi namatshantliziyo asebenzise amagama angaqhelekanga kwinkqubo nganye enikezelayo. Amagama okugqithisela kufuneka abekho ubuncinane kwi 12-16 yeempawu ezithi zithathe ixesha elide, aquke umxube wesihlulo esiphezulu nonobumba abancinci, amanani, kunye nemiqondiso, kwaye angaphinde asetyenziswe ngaphaya kweqonga. Iinguqu zegama lokugqithisela ngethuba elithile, nangona iNational Institute of Digrimmental and Technoloji (ISC) ngoku incomela ukungqubana nojikelezo eziyimfuneko ngaphandle kokuba kukho ubungqina bokulala; endaweni yoko, bhekisa kumandla nokujonga ukuchasana.

[[NTLT:0] Uqinisekiso lwe-Multti-factor (MFA) yongeza umaleko owongezelelweyo wokhuseleko ngokufuna uhlobo lwesibini loqinisekiso ```````Ikhowudi''' yexesha elinye ethunyelwe kwimfonomfono, i-biometric scan', okanye i-hardware-erdware'. Yenza ukuba uMFA kuzo zonke ii-akhawunti ze-imeyili, iinkqubo zolawulo lomphini (CRM), ukuhlawula iingcambu, kunye namaqonga amafu. Izixhobo ezifana noDuo Ukhuseleko, Microsoft, okanye i-Google Systeator zibiza iziphumo kwaye kulula ukuzisebenzisa.

unikezelo lwentelekelelo: Kukhokelo oluneenkcukacha kwiinkqubo zegama eligqithisiweyo, bona I-CYSESETISFY kunye nengcebiso zegama eligqithisiweyo kwi-NIST Upapasho olukhethekileyo 800-63B.

2. Khowuda ugcino-lwazi xa luphumile naxa ludluliswa

Ukukhowuda kuqinisekisa ukuba nokuba umbutho ongagunyaziswanga ufumana unikezelo kwindawo yokugcina idata okanye uthintela idata ehambayo, ulwazi alufundeki ngaphandle kwesitshixo sokuguqulela ngokufihlakeleyo. Oku kungasetyenziswa:

  • Ukukhowuda ekuphumleni: zonke iisiseko sogcino-lwazi ezinikezelweyo, iifayile zogcino-lwazi zogcino-lwazi, izakhelo zogcino-lwazi, kunye neerekhodi ze-archal kufuneka zibhalwe ngokufihlakeleyo usebenzisa i-algorithm ezinamandla njenge AES-256. Iinkqubo ezininzi zesiseko sogcino-lwazi lwangoku (umz. MYSQL, PostgresQL) kunye neenkonzo zamafu (AWS, Azere, Googlecle) zinikezela ngemisebenzi enokwenziwa ngoqwalaselo oluncinane.
  • Ukukhowuda kuthutho: Sebenzisa iSSL/TLS (TLS yoKhuseleko loMaleko) kuzo zonke iitrafiki ze web ebandakanya iifomu zomnikelo, iizibuko, okanye izixhobo zolawulo. Qinisekisa ukuba isatifiketi sewebsite yakho siyasebenza kwaye sihlaziyiwe. Kwintsebenziswano yothungelwano lwangaphakathi, qwalasela ukusebenzisa i-software okanye i-SSH xa ufumana iisiseko somnikezelo kude.

Ukuguqulela kwisiphelo kubaluleke kakhulu kugcino-lwazi oluhlawulwayo. Nokuba umbutho wakho usebenzisa icandelo lesithathu lonikezelo, naluphina ulwazi lomnikezeli oludlula kwiinkqubo zakho kufuneka ludluliselwe ngaphezulu kweziqhagamshelanisi ezifihliweyo.

3. Gcina i-software kunye neenkqubo ezihlaziyiweyo

Izithintelo ezisetyenziswayo zidla ngokusebenzisa izinto ezaziwayo kwi-software ephelelwe lixesha. Misa ucwangciso oluthe rhoqo lokuphatha isiqwenga kwinkqubo yolawulo lomnikeli, inkqubo yokuphatha okuqulathiweyo, iinkqubo zokusebenza, izinyithi zomlilo, kunye nazo zonke izingenisi okanye inxalenye yesithathu yodibaniso. Yenza uhlaziyo oluzenzekelayo apho kunokwenzeka, kunye nezibhengezo zomthengisi ezichaphazelekayo zokhuseleko.

Iindlela zokuxhasa ilifa .

4 Ukusikel ’ Imiqathango Ekufumaneni Ugcino - lwazi Lomntu Onikela Umgaqo Olifumanayo Irhamncwa

Asinguye wonke umqeshwa okanye amatsha - ntliziyo afuna ukufikelela kuzo zonke iinkcukacha ezinika umnikeli. Ukufakela ulawulo lokufikelela olusekelwe kwindima (RBAC) ukumisela ufikelelo logcino-lwazi kubantu abalufunayo kuphela ukwenza imisebenzi yabo ethile. Umzekelo:

  • Abasebenzi abafumana inkxaso-mali basenokufuna ukubona inkcazelo yokuqhagamshelana nomnikeli wabo baze banikele ngembali, kodwa abawaniki amanani apheleleyo ekhadi lokuthenga ngetyala.
  • Abasebenzi bemali basenokufuna ukufumana iirekhodi zentengiselwano kodwa kungekhona iidilesi zobuqu okanye iileta zomtshato.
  • Iimposiso okanye abasebenzi bexeshana kufuneka bafunde- kuphela ukufikelela okanye iimvume ezisikelwe ixesha.

Uhlolo oluthe rhoqo lokufumana ii-logs ezifumana umsebenzi ongaqhelekanga, njengomqeshwa okhuphela ulwazi oluninzi ngaphandle kweeyure eziqhelekileyo zokusebenza. Umsebenzisi ulungiselela kunye neenkqubo zokucoca kufuneka zisetyenziswe: xa ilungu labasebenzi lishiya umbutho okanye iindima, amalungelo alo okufikelela kufuneka arhoxiswe okanye alungiswe ngoko nangoko.

5. Sebenzisa iindlela ezibhatalayo ezikhuselekileyo kwaye ngokungqinelana nePCI DS

Ukuba umbutho wakho wamkela iminikelo yekhadi lokuthenga ngetyala ($online, ngemfonomfono, okanye ngomntu), kufuneka uvumelane ne-partical Card Industry Data Security (PCI DS) Standard. Esi sisete semfuno ezili-12 silawula indlela ugcino-lwazi lwekhadi lokufaka ikhadi oluphathwa ngayo, olugcinweyo, kunye nolusasaziweyo. Iimfuno ezingundoqo ziquka:

  • Ungaze ugcine amanani apheleleyo ekhadi lokuthenga ngetyala, iikhowudi zeCVV, okanye ugcino-lwazi olunomtsalane emva kokuba uthengiso lugunyaziwe.
  • Usebenzisa umqondiso okanye ukukhowuda ukubuyisela idata yamakhadi enovakalelo nokulingana okungavakaliyo.
  • Ukudibanisa ngenkqubo yokuhlawula yePCI edityanisiweyo (umz., ipayipal, iBraintree, okanye izixokelelwano ezikhethekileyo ezingafumani ngeniso njenge Donorbox okanye iPiceWP).
  • Ukuqhuba izitsalo zonyaka okanye ukuvavanywa kobungozi njengokuba kufuneka ngokufumana ibhanki.

Uninzi lwengeniso engancediyo lunganciphisa umthwalo wazo wePCI ngokusebenzisa isango lesithathu elihlawula ingeniso eliphatha ugcino-lwazi lwamakhadi ngqo, ukuze abasebenzi boncedo bangaze bachukumise okanye bagcine amanani apheleleyo amakhadi. Kodwa, kwanangokuba, lo mzekelo, intlangano kufuneka iqhubeke ikhusela i-webhsayithi yayo kunye nothungelwano.

[[UMTL:0] Ugcino oluphezulu lwezibonelelo zeBhunga: Ukufunda okuninzi ngePCI DSS kwiimfuno zamashishini amancinci kunye neengeniso kwi PCI Imigangatho yoKhuseleko lweBhunga elisemthethweni.

Uqheliselo olulunge kakhulu lolawulo lwezobucala

Ngeli xesha ukhuseleko lugxininisa kulawulo lobuchule, iidilesi zobuqu indlela eqokelelwa ngayo i-data yomnikeli, esetyenziswa, edityanisiweyo, kwaye egcinwe ngayo (indlela abanikeli abaziswa ngayo baze banikwe ulawulo phezu kolwazi lwabo. Ulawulo lwemfihlo olunempumelelo lubangela ukuba kubekho ukubonakala nokuthembana.

1. Khuthalela Umgaqo-nkqubo Ocacileyo, Ofikelelekayo

Yonke imibutho enikela uncedo ifanele ibe nomgaqo obhaliweyo ochaza oku:

  • Ziziphi iindidi zedata yomnikeli eziqokelelwayo (umz., igama, iinkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano, inkcazelo yokuhlawula, ukukhangela indlela yokuziphatha ukuba ii cookies zisetyenzisiwe).
  • Indlela eqokelelwa ngayo i-data (iintlobo zomgca, iziganeko ezingekho kwi-intanethi, imithombo yesithathu).
  • Iinjongo ezisetyenziswa ngazo (ukukhuthaza iminikelo, ukuthumela iirisithi, uthungelwano, ii-analytics).
  • Nokuba ngaba i-data yabelana namaqela esithathu (umz., abasebenzi benkqubo yokuhlawula, amaqonga okuthengisa i-imeyili, iinkonzo ze-data zokudambisa) naphantsi kweemeko.
  • Kude kungakanani kugcinwe ulwazi nendlela abanokucela ngayo abanikezeli ukuba bacinywe.
  • Amalungelo abanikeli phantsi kwemithetho esebenzayo (umz., kulunge ukufikelela, ukuchana, ukucima, okanye ukumisa izibuko logcino-lwazi; kulungile ukukhetha ngaphandle kokuthengiswa/ukusetyenziswa).
  • Inkcazelo ye-web site yemibuzo yemfihlo.

Inkqubo kufuneka ibekwe ngokuphambili kwi-website yakho (ngoko kubhalwe ngolwimi olusezantsi), kwaye igcinwe ikwixesha elifana noqheliselo logcino-lwazi oluguqukayo. Amanye amagunya afuna ukuba inkqubo ilungiswe kwaye ihlaziywe ubuncinane ngonyaka.

2. Ukufumana imvume esemthethweni yokuqokelela ugcino-lwazi nokulungelelanisa

Ngaphantsi kwemimiselo emininzi yasese, imvume kufuneka inikwe ngokukhululekileyo, ingqale, icace, kwaye icace. Oku kuthetha ukuba iibhokisi ezikhangelwe kwangaphambili okanye imvume ejongwe kwintengiselwano yomnikelo ayiselanga ukwenzela iinjongo zorhwebo. Izenzo ezingcono ziquka:

  • Ukusebenzisa i-PRODUCT (ayikhethanga) kwiincwadi ze-imeyili, uhlaziyo lwe-SMS, okanye ukwabelana ngogcino-lwazi nemibutho yamaqabane.
  • Inika ukhetho olungenazithulelo (umzekelo, abanikeli bavumela bakhethe ukuba zeziphi iintlobo zonxibelelwano abanqwenela ukuyifumana.
  • Ukuchaza ngokucacileyo injongo yokuqokelelwa kogcino-lwazi ngethuba lokubanjwa (umz., “Sisebenzisa i-imeyili yakho ukuthumela irisithi yakho yerhafu kunye nohlaziyo lomsebenzi wethu ngamanye amaxesha).
  • Ukushicilela nokugcina ubungqina bemvume (umz., ii-wardtamp, iidilesi ze-IP, kunye nombhalo obhaliweyo ovunyiweyo) ukuze ubonise ukuthobela xa uphicothiwe.

Kubantu abakhoyo abanikelayo ababebotshelelwe phambi kokuba intlangano yakho ithathe imigaqo engqinelanayo, qwalasela iphulo eliphinda ligunyaziswe ukuhambisa isiseko sakho sedata.

Ukuqhelisela ugcino-lwazi kuncinane

Uqokelelo kuphela ulwazi oluyimfuneko ngokwenene kwiinjongo ozibonileyo. Ukuba akufuni mniki mhla wokuzalwa, inombolo yefowuni, okanye umsebenzi wokulungiselela isipho, musa ukucela. Ukunciphisa ugcino-lwazi kunciphisa umonakalo onokwenzeka wokwaphula nokuvala intelekelelo.

Hlola iifomu zomnikelo wakho, amaphepha okubhalisa iziganeko, kunye nezicelo zamatsha - ntliziyo ngamaxesha athile zokuvula imibandela engayimfuneko. Sebenzisa izimvo eziyimfuneko ukubonisa amacandelo okhetho kuphela xa kuyimfuneko. Umzekelo, cela inkcazelo yomqeshi wakho kuphela ukuba lowo unikelayo ubonisa ukuba unomdla kwizipho ezifanayo kumqeshi.

4 Zimiseleni Ukuzibophelela Kulwazi Nokungakhathalelwa Kwabantu

Ugcino-lwazi olunika uncedo akufunekanga lugcinwe ngokusisigxina. Ukuphuhlisa ucwangciso oluchaza ixesha elide udidi ngalunye logcino-lwazi olugcinwe ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno zokusebenza kunye neemfuno zomthetho. Umzekelo:

  • Kusenokufuneka ukuba iingxelo zentengiso zigcinwe iminyaka esixhenxe (ukuze kufikelelwe kwiinjongo zerhafu).
  • Ugcino-lwazi lokuthengiselwa (umz., isantya sokuvula i-imeyili) lungagcinwa iminyaka emithathu.
  • Iinkangeleko zomnikeli ezingasebenziyo (akukho msebenzi kangangeminyaka engama-5+) zingagcinwa okanye zicinywe.

Xa idata ifikelela esiphelweni sexesha layo lokuzinza, kufuneka igcinwe ngokukhuselekileyo. Ukucinywa okulula akwanele", iidrayivi eziqinileyo kunye nezikhuselo ezisenokunceda ukubuyiselwa. Sebenzisa ifayile- iplagi yezixhobo zexabiso kwiifayile zamanani (umz., isoftware ebhala ngaphezulu ugcino-lwazi amaxesha amaninzi) kunye neenkonzo zokuchwetheza eziphathekayo zogcino-lwazi olunengxelo. Cinga ukusebenza ngomonakalo wogcino-lwazi olunengxelo.

5. Qeqesha Bonke Abasebenzi Namatsha - ntliziyo Ngezobuqu Nokhuseleko

Ulawulo lobuxhakaxhaka lusebenza kuphela njengabantu abazisebenzisayo. Imposiso yomntu . "njengekunqakraza kumakhonkco, ushiya iirekhodi ezinikezelweyo zibonakala kwikhusi elingatshixwanga, okanye ukwabelana nge-password/ukuvula i-password kuhlala kungunobangela ophambili weziganeko zogcino-lwazi. Ifakela iinkqubo zoqeqesho olunyanzelekileyo ezigqumayo:

  • Indlela yokuqonda imigudu yokusebenzisa iziyobisi, injineli yentlalo, nee-imeyili ezikrokrelekayo.
  • Ukuphatha kakuhle idata yomnikeli: ukungaxubushi ngenkcazelo yomnikeli kwiindawo zikawonke-wonke, ungathumeli iprograma ezifihliweyo nge-imeyili, iirocktica ngelixa engakhange ijongwe.
  • Izakhono zokuxela iingxelo zenkcazelo ezirhanelwayo eziphazamisayo okanye iziganeko zobuqu.
  • Ukuqonda imithetho yezobuqu kuxhomekeke kulawulo lwakho.

Kufuneka uqeqesho luqhubeke kuqeshwa kwaye ubuncinane ngonyaka emva koko. Ukunika imizekelo yehlabathi yokwenene kunye nemibuzo yokwandisa ukufunda. Khuthaza impucuko apho abasebenzi beziva bekhululekile ukuxela iimpazamo ngaphandle koloyiko lwempindezelo.

Ukuqwalasela Okusemthethweni Nokufanelekileyo

Imithetho Engundoqo Yokhuseleko Logcino-lwazi Echaphazela Iintlangano Ezincinane

Ixhomekeke kwindawo esebenza kuyo intlangano yakho okanye apho bahlala khona abantu abanikela ngeminikelo, imithetho emininzi isenokusebenza. Nantsi eyona ibalulekileyo:

  • GDPR (Umanyano lwaseYurophu): Izicelo nakweyiphi na intlangano elungiselela ugcino-lwazi lwabantu ngabanye kwi-EU, kungakhathaliseki indawo yentlangano. Ifuna isiseko esisemthethweni sokuqhubekekisa, ukwaziswa okunyanzelekileyo okugunyazisiweyo kwiyure ezingama-72, iziphumo zokhuseleko logcino-lwazi kwimisebenzi ephezulu, kunye nokutyunjwa komphathi wokhuseleko logcino-lwazi (DPO) kwiimeko ezithile.
  • CPA/CPRA (CALIfornia, USA): Abahlali baseKhalifoniya banikela amalungelo okwazi ukuba yiyiphi i-data yobuqu eqokelelwe, ukuyicima, ukukhetha ukuthengiswa kwayo, kunye nokungaphelelwanga kwentlawulo ekusebenziseni la malungelo. Ngelixesha ukungangeni zingeniso kukhululwa kwinxenye yeCCPA, i-California Atterney General ibonise ukuba imibutho yoncedo ephethe ugcino-lwazi olufanayo ifanele ithathe imilinganiselo efanayo njengoqheliselo olulungileyo.
  • [[UMTL: 0]PIPIDA (OkwaseKhanada): Ifuna imvume enentsingiselo, ukuncitshiswa kogcino-lwazi, nokuziphendulela ekukhuseleni ugcino-lwazi.
  • Imithetho yelizwe: yeVirginia CDPA, CPA, i-CTDPA ye-Connecticut, kunye nezinye zinweba umsebenzi wesidibi wemithetho ye-US yobuqu. Ihlabathi lonke lisenokufuna inkxaso ye-LGPD okanye i-APPI ye-Brazil.

Kububulumko ukubuzana nesiluleko somthetho esichaza ngokukhethekileyo ukuba uthetha ngasese okanye umthetho ongancedi nto xa uqhuba uphicotho-zincwadi.

[[UMTL:0] Ugcino lwezibonelelo: lwenkcukacha zocaphulo lwemithetho ye- US yezobucala, tyelela I-APP US US Umthetho wobuGcisa wobuHulumeni.

Abaphathi bogcino-lwazi lweziko bangaphaya kokudityaniswa

Ukuthobela ileta yomthetho kuncincane. Ukuba ligosa logcino-lwazi lwejiyografi kuthetha ukuqhuba phambili ukuhlonela ukuzilawula nokukhuthaza ulwalamano lomnikeli oziphetheyo. Qwalasela ezi nkqubo zongezelelweyo:

  • [[UMTL: 0] Intelekelelo engagqibekanga: Abaniki-lwazi ngobuchule malunga nendlela ugcino-lwazi lwabo oluza kusetyenziswa ngayo, nokuba alufunwa ngokusemthethweni. Umzekelo, ukuba wabelana ngoluhlu lomnikeli nezinye ingeniso, tyhila oku ngokucacileyo kwaye unika ukhetho olungaphandle.
  • Uluhlu lwezinto ezikhethwayo ezibonelelwayo ezinikezelweyo: Unxibelelwano lozuko olukhetha ngaphandle ngokukhawuleza (kwientsuku ezilishumi zoshishino ngumgangatho owaziwayo). Ukufakela inkqubo yolawulo lokhetho olusembindini ukunqanda ukuthumela iiposi kubanikezeli abaye bacela ukususwa.
  • [[NTLA:0] Iziphumo zohlolo lwe-Privication: Phambi kokuqalisa iphulo lemali, iqonga lobugcisa, okanye unxibelelwano logcino-lwazi, yenza uhlolo lweziphumo zobucala ukufumanisa ubungozi obunokwenzeka kwimfihlo yonikezelo kwaye inciphise imicimbi yangaphambili.
  • [[FLT: 0] Ukufumaneka kobukho benqanawa: Vumela abanikezeli ukuba bakhuphele ikopi yedata yabo xa becela. Oku kukhuthaza intsebenziswano kwaye kuhambisana nomoya womnini wogcino-lwazi.

Ukusetyenziswa kwenkcazelo yomnikeli akuthethi nje kuphela ukuthintela ukuhlawuliswa kwemali, kodwa kungenxa yokubonisa ukuba intlangano yakho ibaxabisa abantu esebenza nabo njengeqabane emsebenzini, kungekhona nje imithombo yengeniso.

Isiphelo: Ukwakha Isithethe Sokhuseleko Nesokuba Wedwa

Ukhuseleko logcino-lwazi kunye nemfihlo ayiyomisebenzi yexesha elinye; zizinto ezizibophelelekileyo ezifuna ingqalelo eqhubekayo, utyalo-mali, kunye notshintsho olutsha kunye nolawulo. Iintlangano ezifaka ezi nkqubo kwimisebenzi yazo yemihla ngemihla. /ngokusebenzisa ulawulo lobugcisa olunamandla, imigaqo-nkqubo ekhanyayo, uqeqesho oluthe rhoqo, kunye nokwenza izigqibo ezifanelekileyo, azizukuzikhusela kuphela ekonakaleni kodwa ziya kuqinisa ukuthemba okubalulekileyo kumsebenzi wazo.

Qala apho ukhoyo. Phatha uluhlu logcino-lwazi lokuqonda ukuba yintoni na inkcazelo umnikeyo oyiphetheyo kwaye uhlala phi. Yenza uhlolo lomngcipheko ukuchaza ezona zinto zibalulekileyo. Ifakela imisebenzi edweliswe kwesi sikhokelo, ibeka phambili imimandla ephezulu ephezulu (njengenkcitho kunye nokufikelela ekude). Yakha iinkqubo zakho kunye neenkqubo zokubhala, kwaye ziphinde uyihlole noko ngonyaka.

Akukho mbutho ungaphelisa zonke iingozi, kodwa ngokuthabatha amanyathelo ngabom, ngolwazi, unganciphisa ngokuphawulekayo amathuba kunye neziphumo zesiganeko sogcino-lwazi. Umgudu owunikileyo namhlanje ekukhuseleni ugcino-lwazi lomnikeli uza kufumana iingenelo ngokuzithemba okuqhubekayo, ukuthobela ulawulo, nempilo yexesha elide yentlangano yakho yezentlalo-ntle.

Ulawulo oluthe vetshe: ukwenzela ukhokelo olongezelelekileyo lokwenza ucwangciso lokhuseleko logcino-lwazi olungangeni ngeniso, lubhekisele kwi- i-Cyberurity kunye ne-Inspablic Security Agency (CISA) yemibutho emincinci.